Descritive Analysis of Leech Compost Tea and Vermi Tea

Descriptive-Comparative Analysis of Compost Tea and Vermi Tea…
Chapter I
THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND
Introduction
Fertilizers increase the quantity and quality of plants. It is one of the important
tools in the agricultural field. Non – organic fertilizers contain phosphate, nitrate,
ammonium and potassium salts that can seriously affect people and the environment.
Also, it has heavy metals such as Mercury, Cadmium, Arsenic, Lead, Nickel, and Copper
(S. Savci, 2012). While, Organic fertilizer contains amino acids, ammonium, and
phosphorus as mentioned by Yamada K. and Xu H. (2008). The growing popularity and
market size of organic fertilizers had been reported on various websites and newspapers,
also it is used globally as reported by www.marketwatch.com(2020)
Organic Fertilizers have different variety it can be dry and liquid. Also, it can be
plant-based, animal based and mineral-based (A. Baley, 2019). 82% of US households
used organic products because of the advantages and benefits of this safe fertilizer. (K.
Ersek, 2017). Recent developments in the fields of organic agriculture have led to a
renewed interest using compost tea as a fertilizer to crops and plants. The results obtained
by fertilizer-machinery.com (2019) showed that organic fertilizer has significant roles in
soil fertility, it is easy to process using raw materials and rural reconstruction of the toilet.
Vermi tea is defined as the result of suspending worm casting in highly
oxygenated water. Worm tea is beneficial in many ways (nature’sfootprint.com, 2015).
One of the uses of leeches is to make compost tea with it. The vermi tea can be used to
plants, flowers, garden trees, shrub, and bushes. Leeches came from the family of
2
flatworms but they live in an aquatic environment. Leeches are kept at home and the
water which is their habitat will be replaced every week. The old water will be gathered
then used as a fertilizer on any plant (leech.com,2019).
It is stated that vermicompost is beneficial and enhances the yielding of plants,
however, they used leech compost tea as fertilizer to Okra whether it has significant
effects and if proven, then it can be an additional organic fertilizer to Okra and possibly
to any crops and plants.
Background of the study
The researchers studied the comparison between vermitea and leech compost tea
as an effective fertilizer for the abelmoschus esculentus (okra) because they wanted to
know which will be more effective organic fertilizer. The study of the descriptive-
comparative analysis of leech compost tea and vermi tea as an organic fertilizer to
Abelmoschus esculentus (Okra) will determine which is more effective and more
beneficial for the plants, especially to the Okra plants.
The researchers used leech compost tea and vermin tea as their treatment for the
Okra. The leech compost tea is the water that the leeches will live in, it is one of the main
instruments that was used in this experimental study. The other one was the vermi tea
which is the earthworm, the instrument that the researchers used. By Zafar (2016),
vermicomposting is a type of composting in which certain species of earthworms were
used to enhance the process of organic waste conversion and produce a better end-
product. It is a mesophilic process utilizing microorganisms and earthworms. These two
fertilizer can both be used as a good fertilizer for the house plants, flowers, and even the
3
garden trees but the purpose of this research is to determine which is more effective, the
leech compost tea or the vermicompost tea.
From the website of leech.com (2019), the leech compost tea is richer in iron,
nitrogen, and zinc. The other ingredient that nourished the water of the compost tea was
the skin of leeches. Just like the snakes, the leeches also replace their old skin and it will
be a good organic element to the compost tea fertilizer. The leech compost tea can be
used when the water changes color into yellow or green. There was a recent study that
shows vermi tea can be an effective fertilizer for the plants.
The researchers used Okra as their test subject to accomplish this study.
According to the reliable website of Southern State (2019), Okra seeds generally
germinate in two to 12 days. Okra reaches maturity in 50 to 65 days. The plants can
produce for ten to 12 weeks. It grows and bears seed pods until frost, which quickly turns
them black and kills them. Agriculture is very important, especially in the Philippines,
therefore they need to improve the productivity of agriculture in their country. When the
low agricultural productivity happens it will be a great problem because it will have an
agricultural transformation in one's country.
The main purpose of this study is to investigate which fertilizer is more effective
and can be more beneficial for the plants. This study will benefit many people, especially
the farmers because the findings of this will help them to determine which fertilizer is
more effective for their plants.

4
Statement of the Problem
This study aimed to determine which is more effective between the vermi tea and
the leech compost tea for Abelmoschus esculentus (Okra)
Specifically, this study should seek answer to the following questions:
1. What are the differences of leech compost tea and vermi tea?
1.1. Number of leaves
1.2. Length of Stem
2. What is the germination growth of the seeds?
2.1. Controlled group
2.2. Vermi tea group
2.3 Leech compost tea group
Significance of the Study
This study focused on the difference between leech compost tea and vermi tea as
an organic fertilizer to Okra seed. This study was able to show the different effects and
benefits the two different organic fertilizers from leeches. Before addressing this study, it
is essential to first elaborate who can benefit from this study:
Farmers can benefit from this study by using the leech compost tea if proven that
it has more significant effect than vermi tea as an organic fertilizer, it is affordable to use
due to its effectiveness and availability. Leeches often known by farmers as a pest,
5
leeches can now have an agricultural purpose, if leech compost tea has more significant
effect than vermi tea then it is practical to use vermi than leech.
Department of Agriculture agriculturist can use this study, to have an additional
method for fertilizing plants.
Communities can also benefit from this study, people who have garden in their
backyard can easily decide whether what organic fertilizer to have more significant effect
to plants. It is cheap and easy to make.
School can benefit from this study by using the method of this study to the plants
inside their campus to achieve a better outcome.
The future researchers can use this study as their guidelines for future related
studies that involves compost tea.
Scope and Delimitation
This study was conducted primarily to determine which is more effective between
the vermi tea and the leech compost tea for Okra plants. The researchers used Okra due to
its moderate speed of germination, therefore, it will be easy to observe. It involves two
experimental and control groups. The experimental groups had the leech compost tea and
the vermi tea while the control had tap water. The experiment took place at one of the
researcher’s house because of its good temperature.
The researchers aimed to determine the difference between the experimental and
control groups in terms of the number of the fruit, leaves, and length of the stem. Plant’s
weight was not included due to shortness of time. It was observed and treated two times a
6
week, within 3 weeks. The researchers used the same soil medium, amount of tea and
water during the observation. This study was conducted within the school year 2019-
2020.
Definition of terms
This section shows the conceptual and operational definition of terms that is used
in this study are listed as follows:
Fertilizer is composed of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compounds. They also
contain trace elements that improve the growth of plants (Encyclopedia, 2019).
This study used the same definition.
Leaf in botany, any usually flattened green outgrowth from the stem of a vascular
plant (Encyclopaedia, Britannica, 2020)
It was the basis that was used to measure the effectiveness of the control and two
experimental groups.
Leech is an aquatic or terrestrial annelid worm with suckers at both ends. Many species
are bloodsucking parasites especially of vertebrates, and others are predators
(Oxford Dictionary, 2019).
It was the instrument that used to create the fertilizer that will help to accomplish
this study.
Leech Compost tea is made from steeping compost. The liquid left from the steeping
process from the leech’s ecdysis and then used to water plants according to the
website veggiegardener.com (2019).

7
It is used as an organic fertilizer for the plant
Okra seed is a tall annual herb of the mallow family; cultivated for its green pods used
especially in soups or stews (Meriam Webster, 2019). It was used as one of the
main subjects of this study.
Organic farming is any product -in solid or liquid form- of plant or animal origin that
has undergone substantial decomposition. It was according to the Philippine
National Standard (PNS) for organic fertilizer, (2013).
The same definition was used in this study.
Organic fertilizer is a method of crop and livestock production that involves much more
than choosing not to use pesticides, fertilizer, genetically modified organisms,
antibiotics and growth hormones (H. Martin, 2009).
This study utilized the same definition.
Stem is the stick-like central part of a plant that grows above the ground and from
which leaves and flowers grow (Cambridge Dictionary, 2020).
It was also the basis that was used to measure the effectiveness of the control and
two experimental groups.
Vermi tea is the end product of a process called vermicomposting, which uses
earthworms to increase the speed of the composting process and ensure higher-
quality compost, from the website of Maximum Yield (2019),
This study utilized the same definition.

8
Chapter II
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDY
In this chapter, the researchers present review of related literature to support the
analysis of the study.
Related Literature
In this section, the researchers showed the articles and studies that is related to
their variable and study.
Foreign Literature
The Use of Compost Tea
Compost tea is a tea made by steeping or brewing compost instead of tea leaves.
The nutrients and beneficial microbes in the compost diffuse into the water making liquid
fertilizer for the plants. Blackstone (2018) stated that composting is the fundamental
practice of organic gardening. Vermicomposting is the process where the earthworm is
the instrument that will be used. It can enrich the soil, increasing harvest yields and
suppressing plant disease. According to Patel (2019), worm casting also known as
permaculture, can be carried out in a bin or in a trench. Some researchers also suggest
using earthworms instead of red worms, since earthworms are more effective in
converting organic matter into manure.

9
Leech and its Compost Tea
Leeches come from the family of flatworms, but they are different to some other
ways. The leeches are living in an aquatic environment unlike any other flatworms.
Leeches are exotic pets with an odd behavior and lifestyle. According to Harcourt H. M.
(2010) leeches are any subclass of mostly flattened, annelid worms living in water or wet
earth and having a well-developed sucker at each end. Most are bloodsucker, and one
species has been used in medicine in former times to bleed patients.
The compost tea can be used to plants, flowers, garden trees, shrub and bushes.
Leeches came from the family of flatworms but they live in aquatic environment.
Leeches are kept at home and the water which is their habitat will be replaced every
week. The old water will be gathered then used as a fertilizer on any plant. It was stated
by the website of Leech.com (2019), an international leech supplier and distributor of live
leeches, that one of the uses of leeches is to make compost tea with it.
Vermi tea as an effective fertilizer for the plants
Worms can process small additions of waste and it can add nutrients to soil. In
accordance to Logan (2017) vermicomposting uses worms to transform organic waste
into high-quality compost
Using vermicompost as the base of compost tea, it is the process of enriching soil
by spraying nutrient-enriched water on gardens, organic gardens and farms. Steenhuisen
et al. (2019) stated that the role of organic extract such as vermi tea and aqueous bio char
on improving seed performance has not been fully explored in South Africa. Vermi tea
10
(VC) significantly improved seed germination and emergence percentages, speed of
germination and emergence.
In accordance with the article analyzing compost tea, Dr. Linda Chalker Scott
(2019), extension Horticulturist and associate professor at Puyallup Research and
Extension Center, Washington State University, said that "There is no 'silver bullet' for
plant health problems caused by poor soil health and improper plant selection and
management." But, she admits that compost tea has been shown to suppress pathogens in
some plants.
Global Organic Fertilizer Market
The organic fertilizer market is to reach around 10 billion dollars by 2023, on the
back of favorable government policies, rapidly expanding agricultural land under organic
farming, and increasing sales of organic food products (Dublin, 2018). The use of
chemical fertilizer decreases because of the farmers and cultivators who are already
aware of this eco-friendly fertilizer. Therefore, organic fertilizer can be more beneficial
for the plants and it will lessen the use of chemical fertilizers.
Organic fertilizer is much cheaper and affordable than chemical fertilizer. Any
home gardener can create his own organic fertilizer by composting or mixing cow, sheep
or poultry manure with other organic matter (Weaver, 2010). The organic fertilizer can
also be beneficial for the employment because we all know that chemical fertilizers are
made of large plant that is automated while the organic fertilizer, on the other hand, are
prepared locally and on a much smaller scale. As a result, the production of the organic
can make the employment increases especially in the rural areas.

11
Local Literature
Organic Fertilizer as a helping agent for soil rehabilitation.
Organic Fertilizers was used in Iloilo city to rehabilitate the damage made by the
recent El Niño to their rice fields and farms. The Assistant Provincial Agriculturist
demanded liquid organic fertilizers which will be given to local farmers in the province.
Liquid Organic Fertilizer was chosen to replenish the organic matter that has been
weathered by the El Niño and if the chemical used the soil will be acidic. This reports
that organic fertilizers can be used on soil rehabilitation. It was from the article made by
Momblan G. (2019).
High yielding rate of rice with the use of vermi tea
In a news article it is stated that, a medical scientist named Bernado Calilung who
owns rice farms in Tarlac started using chemical fertilizers in 1998 in his 19.48 hectares
of rice fields. Then used organic fertilizer in the year 2010 with the help of the Philippine
Council for Agriculture, Aquatic and Resources Research and Development
(PCAARRD) of the Department of Science and Technology. As a result, the farmer
scientist rice yielding increases by 22 percent. He used vermi tea and animal waste to
increase rice yield (Guerrero III, 2018).
Vermicompost to rice seed production during El Nino
In a news article written by Magpantay D. and Garcia M. (2010), soil condition
and agronomic performance to different rice crops can be improved using vermicompost
and vermitea, it is proved by Bernardo Calilung one of the most successful organic rice
farmers. Calilung demonstrated the application of vermicompost and vermi tea to land
12
preparation and used as an insect repellent with an interval of two weeks to his rice crops.
The farmer did not expect the results of his practice that the soil is moist after the
observations. He also recommended vermicompost and vermitea to condition and
moisten the soil and keep the nutrients to crops and plants. Moreover, vermicompost and
vermitea can increase the yield and productivity of rice up to 28 percent (. C. Beltran,
2010).
Related Study
Foreign Study
There are multiple studies that have demonstrated that composted material and
their resulting tea can supply numerous benefits as an organic fertilizer for the plants and
the study of “The Effects of Compost and Vermi tea as Organic Fertilizers “by Gomez-
Brandon et al. (2015) is one of those studies. The purpose of this is therefore to give the
result of the effects of both compost and vermi teas on the growth of the plant and the soil
fertility. The authors concluded that although the continuously increasing amount of
information about the impact of compost tea on plant growth and disease
suppressiveness, there are still vital issues to be addressed.
The study of the effects of vermi tea on yield and chemical quality of Pak choi
under two fertilizer lead such as compost and synthetic fertilizer. The effects of the vermi
tea application on the chemical and biological properties were also examined. This study
was entitled as “The Effects of Vermi tea on Pak Choi yield, quality and on soil
biological properties “by Pant et al. (2011). Vermi teas were prepared using a lot of
extraction method such as non-aerated, aerated and aerated with additives. This
13
experimental study proved that this vermi tea can benefits the plant yield and quality and
also increase the soil biological activity in various types of soil. From the result, it was
observed that plant growth was better than control plants.
The growth characters of plants were essentially higher in plants amended with
enriched vermicompost. The speed germination trace also manifolds in conformity with
the nature of enrichment of vermicompost. Few distinctions were shown in germination
trace among different microbial enrichment. But the result was essentially higher than
control. The results revealed that there was a significant difference was inspected in the
rate of the seed germination of Okra and the rate increased in the plant treatment with
vermicompost enriched with Pseudomonas fluorescents, Azospirillum brasilense and
Bacillus megaterium over the control. It was from the study of “The Effect of microbially
enriched vermicompost on the growth and biochemical characteristics of Okra “by
Baliah (2017), the application of microbially enriched vermicompost that can make
benefits to the growth of Okra.
The chemical characteristics and microbial population during incubation of four
kinds of aerated compost teas based on oriental medicinal herbs compost, vermicompost,
rice straw compost and a mixture of three compost. It was investigated by Plant Pathol J.
(2015) entitled “Effects of Aerated Compost Tea on the Growth Promotion of lettuce,
Soybean, and Sweet Corn in Organic Cultivation”. This study aimed to know the effects
of Aerated Compost Tea (ACT). Findings showed that the pH level and EC of the
compost tea slightly increased based on the incubation time except for rice straw compost
tea. The results indicated that Aerated compost tea can be used as liquid nutrient fertilizer
14
with active microorganism for the culture of variable crops under organic farming
conditions.
The study entitled “The Effect of Vermi Tea on the Growth Parameters of
Spinacia oleracea L. (Spinach)” shows that there is a positive response of Spinacia
oleracea L.to the vermi tea through increase the number of leaves, plant height and leaf
area at increasing concentration. The result of this study shows that the vermi tea can
utilize the production of Spinacia oleracea L. and it is recommended by the researchers to
use this for growing other vegetable plants.
Local Study
Politud and Pabellan (2016) study entitled “Efficacy of Varying Levels and
Brewing Durations of Vermitea Foliar Spray Applications on the Growth and Yield of
Eggplant (Solanummelongena L.)” of shows that applying concentrated vermitea and
brewed vermitea for two days for the growth and yielding of Eggplant significantly
increases the rate of its tallness, production, size, the longevity of fruits, pests’ resistance,
number of flowers and yielding of eggplants. This study proved that the use of vermitea
significantly improves the growth and production of plants compared to plants that do not
use organic fertilizers.
Theoretical Framework
This section shows the theories that support the study of comparative analysis of
leech compost tea and vermi tea as an organic fertilizer to Okra.

15
The Composting Theory
This study was guided by the theory and Operation of Composting. This theory
was given by the doctor John Paul (2009), soil microbiology. Paul stated that composting
is a natural process of nature to decompose the organic waste and the remains of animals
and threes. This process was associated by the aerobic microorganism, primarily by
bacteria and fungi. It enhances the quality of the soil by producing a stable organic
product by providing organic matter, nutrients and beneficial microorganism. One way to
optimize the natural decomposition process is by human-controlled composting. The
composting material should be at a temperature of 55 to 65 degrees Celsius. This
temperature is provided by the microorganism itself, this is important for killing weed
seed and potential pathogenic organisms.
It also should have an air-fill porosity to allow the air to pass through the material.
It must have a proper bulk density; it is the volume of the composting material kilogram
per cubic. When it exceeds to the proper bulk density it can be too wet and when it is too
low it can be too dry. The proper bulk density is between 600 and 700 kilograms per
cubic to allow oxygen to pass through the material. Moisture content is also important for
the bacteria and fungi that lives in water layer of the composting particle. It should be
between 45% and 65%. Mixing the composting material is important to ensure the
temperature is equally spread to kill pathogenic organism. It also breaks the preferential
air paths so that can fasten the process. Vermi composting uses the same method as in
this theory. The stull of the worm will be needing right moisture, temperature, bulk
density, mixing and volume. Chilly had significant improvements in length of shoots,
number of branches and number of leaves when given a vermicompost treatment. Leech
16
and worm where the vermicompost is came from are belong at the same family which is
flatworm.
water
CO2
Heat
Raw Finished
material product
Compost pile
Organic Organic
matter matter
Minerals Minerals
Water Water
Micro- Micro-
organism organism
Oxygen
Figure 1. Composting Theory

17
Conceptual Framework
Effects of Leech compost tea and vermi tea as

fertilizer
Okra seed
Controlled group Experimental group
Without treatment With treatment (vermi tea) With treatment (leech

compost tea)
Two sessions per week
Germination growth
Number of leaves Length of the stem
Figure 2. Conceptual Framework

18
Figure 2. Illustrates the key concept of comparative analysis of leech compost tea
and vermi tea as an organic fertilizer for Okra. There were two groups, the two
experimental and control which contained one (1) seed each. The two experimental
groups had the leech compost tea and vermi tea while the control group had tap water
only. Each group undergo two sessions of experimentation every week within 3 weeks,
each session has an interval of 3 days and a half. The seeds had the same quality of soil,
the same amount of water and fertilizer and its environment. During the observation, the
number of leaves, length of stem and number of fruits were counted.

19
Chapter III
METHODOLOGY
This chapter shows the method and procedures to identify the differences of the
leech compost tea and vermi tea as an organic fertilizer for Abelmoschus esculentus
(Okra). It includes the research design, test subject, treatment, locale, and instrumentation
of this study.
Research Design
The purpose of this study is to determine the comparison of the leech compost tea
and vermi tea as an effective organic fertilizer for Abelmoschus esculentus (Okra). The
researchers used a quantitative type of approach because it involves numerical data. They
used descriptive-comparative analysis because the researchers consider two variables and
establish formal procedure and conclude that one is better than the other if significant
difference exists. This is appropriate to know the difference of the two variables and will
help the researcher to determine which more effective or beneficial fertilizer is.
Test Subject
The test subject of the experiment is the Okra to test the effectiveness of the leech
compost tea and vermi tea as an organic fertilizer. The Okra seeds that were used in the
study were camiling smooth Okra. The researchers decided to used Okra plants because
of its moderate speed of germination, hence, it will be easy for the researchers to observe
it. The researchers used the same soil, amount of product and water during the
observation. And also, they will use 3 Okra seeds and it will be divided into two groups,
20
control, and two experimental groups. The two experimental groups both had the
treatment while the control group had tap water.
Treatment
The researchers placed 50 leeches on a container with water that was changed
every three days and a half to complement the concentration of the vermi tea that has
been brewed the same as the time of the leech compost tea. The vermi tea provided by the
office of the municipal agriculturist is free of charge. Both experimental groups will have
0.5 liters of the treatment twice a week. The controlled group consumed regular water for
hydration. The experimental groups were treated using the leech compost tea and
vermitea throughout the experiment.
Research Instrumentation
The apparatus consists of leeches, vermi tea, plastic buckets for the brewing of
compost tea, a soil medium that consists of loam soil, carbonized risk husk and sandy soil
to maintain its moisture and nutrients, improvised plastic pot, measuring cups, and tap
water. The researchers used their self- devised observation sheet for data gathering.
Although leeches were not well-known in the compost tea agriculture, the
researchers used it as an instrument to Okra as an organic fertilizer because leeches
produce better organic fertilizer to Okra. As highlighted by leech.com (2019), leeches
come from family flatworms that live in an aquatic environment. In its habitat, the
leeches excrete endless amount of its greenish-brown waste that turns water into
yellowish-green which contains organic nutrients, enzymes, microelements, and micro-

21
elements. It was stated that these components will help the vitality and health of any
plant.
Furthermore, the researchers used a soil medium that consists of loam soil,
carbonized rice husk and sandy soil for the Okra for its growth. This is recommended by
one of the Agricultural Technician of the Office of the Municipal Agriculturist, namely
Mr. Aris I. Pitogo, who specialized in the field of organic farming. According to
homeguides.sfgate.com (2019), loam soil has good drainage and different soil particles
that enable water to properly drain through. This soil is the combination of silt and clay
thus; it gives 40 to 60 percent of soil volume of spaces between particles. These spaces
will give plants a supply of sufficient oxygen and water to nourish their roots.
Research Locale
The experiment took place in Barangay Calimpak, Guinayangan, Quezon. The
experimental and the controlled groups were planted on a plant box and conducted in a
room appropriate for this study. The plant boxes were placed in a room where they could
consume sunlight evenly. The thermal condition was the same for the two groups. The
researchers ensured that the other variables on germinating the seeds were equally
obtained by both controlled and experimental groups.
Data Gathering Procedure
The researchers brainstormed in the topic about organic fertilizer. They arrived at
the findings as known vermi tea and the leech compost tea and its effects on Okra. The
researchers shall seek to know whether there is a significant difference between vermi tea
and leech compost tea on Okra as an organic fertilizer. Next, the researchers submitted an
22
approval letter about how they conduct the aims and procedures of the study to the
principal. When the letter is approved and permission is given, the researchers then
proceeded to the data-gathering phase.
They hired and paid experienced persons for gathering leeches and earthworms
and explained the importance of this study. The researchers monitored whether there was
some hindrance to our gathering such weather and terrain.
After that, the researchers brewed the compost tea with 1 liter of tap water and 50
leeches within a plastic bucket. The compost tea was ready for approximately 3 days. The
vermi tea was acquired by researchers through the help of the Office of the Municipal
Agriculturist that was supervised by the Municipal Agriculturist herself, Mrs. Belina O.
Rosales. The researchers were tasked to bring 2 kilos of sugar as an ingredient for the
brewing vermi tea and go to the Agricultural Farm, located at Bgy. Danlagan Batis. Mr.
Aris I. Pitogo, the agricultural technician who specialized in organic farming, ordered the
researchers and returned to the farm until 3 days. They observed and waited for 3 weeks
for the Okra to mature and observe it whether how many leaves and length had grown.
Data and results were analyzed and tabulated using statistical analysis. Conclusions and
recommendations were made after data analysis.
Experiment Proper
Three (3) Okra seeds were equally divided into three (3) experiments. Each
experiment has 1 Okra seed that has been separated into three groups: Controlled and
experimental groups. The controlled group did not receive any fertilizer while the
experimental groups were treated with organic fertilizers: vermi tea and leech compost
23
tea. To acquire the vermi tea the researchers approach the local agriculture office to ask
for vermicast and borrow the vermi tea brewer. The vermicast was mixed with sugar and
stirred for 3 days. The researchers placed 50 leeches on a container with five hundred
milliliters of water. Then the water was changed every three days (half a week). The
experiment was conducted in the fourth week of January and finished in the first week of
February. Also, they assumed that there was a significant effect on Okra using leech
compost tea as an organic fertilizer.
Statistical Treatment
To determine the data, the researchers used the statistical treatment. The tool that
the researchers used was the mode, one of the central tendency. The mode is the number
that appears most frequently in set. When scientists or statisticians talk about modal
observation, they are referring to the most common observation. It was used in order to
determine the most common numerical value of the sample groups.
As discussed by statistics.laerd.com (2018), A measure of central tendency is a
single value that attempts to describe a set of data by identifying the central position
within that set of data.
Mode is the value which occurs most frequently in a set of observations. Simply,
the number which is repeated the most, the number with the highest frequency (toppr,
2019).
24
Chapter IV
RESULTS AND DICUSSIONS
This chapter shows the results of the 3-week experiment. Analysis and
interpretation of the data gathered were made and presented here.
Table 1. The number of leaves within the three-week experiment.
Groups Week 1 Week 2 Week 3

Controlled 0 cm 2 cm 2 cm
Vermi Tea 2 cm 3 cm 4 cm
Leech Compost Tea 2 cm 4 cm 5 cm
6
Number Of Leaves
5
4
3
Controlled Group
2
Vermi Tea Group
1
0 Leech Compost Tea Group
Week 1 Week 2 Week 3
Number of Weeks
Figure 3. The number of leaves within three weeks
Table 1. and figure 3. indicates the number of leaves between the three
consecutive weeks. In the first week, the Leech Compost Tea and Vermi Tea group have
an equal number with 2 leaves while the controlled does not have leaves yet. In the
second week, the Leech Compost Tea and Vermi Tea group equally increases the number
of leaves while the Controlled group boost up to 2 leaves within the 2nd week. In the last
and third week of experiment, the Leech Compost Tea and Vermi Tea group equally
25
increase the number of its leaves while the last group which is the Controlled, remain
with 2 leaves throughout the experiment.

Controlled 3 cm 6 cm 9 cm
Vermi Tea 8 cm 12 cm 16 cm
Leech Compost Tea 11 cm 12 cm 14 cm

Table 2. The length of stem within the three-week experiment.
20
Length of Stem
15
10 Controlled group
5 Vermi Tea Group
0
Leech Compost Tea
Week 1 Week 2 Week 3 Group
Number of Weeks
Figure 4. The length of stem within three weeks.
Table 2 and figure 4 shows the length of stem between the three consecutive
weeks of the three groups. In the first week, the Leech Compost Tea Group reached 11cm
long while the Vermi Tea Group reached 8cm and the Controlled, the shortest size with
3cm. In the second week, the Leech Compost Tea and Vermi Tea group have equal
length of stem with 12cm long while the Controlled group reached 6cm. In the last week
of experiment, the Leech Compost Tea increases 2 cm long within the second week and
Vermi Tea group increases 4cm long with a total of 16 cm throughout the experiment
26
while the last group which is the Controlled, increases 3cm with a total of 9 cm at the end
of the experiment.
Table 3. The germination growth within the three-week experiment

Germination Growth
2.5
2
1.5
Controlled group
1
0.5 Vermi Tea Group
0
Week 1 Week 2 Week 3
Leech Compost Tea
Group
Number of Weeks
Figure 4.The germination growth within three weeks

Controlled 1 2 0
Vermi Tea 1 1 0
Leech Compost Tea 2 1 0

The Table 3 and Figure 5 show the germination growth of the three (3) groups
within the three-week experiment. The leech compost tea group had 2 seeds that
germinate within one week while the controlled group and vermi tea had only 1 seed. On
the second week, controlled group had 2 seeds while the vermi tea and leech compost tea
had only one. And on the last week of experiment there was no more seed that germinate.
Overall, the controlled group and leech compost tea had 3 seeds that germinated within
the three-week experiment while the vermi tea had only 2 seeds.
27
Chapter V
SUMMARY, FINDINGS, CONCLUSIONS, AND RECOMMENDATIONS
This chapter provides a summary of the study, findings and conclusions
formulated based on the findings. Recommendations for future study were also presented
here.
Summary
The purpose of this study is to investigate the comparative analysis of leech
compost tea and vermi tea as an organic fertilizer for okra. Furthermore, it seeks to
achieve the following:
1.What are the differences of leech compost tea and vermi tea?
1.1. Number of leaves
1.2. Length of Stem
2. What is the germination growth of the seeds?
2.1 Controlled group
2.2 Vermi tea group
2.3 Leech compost tea group
To attain these objectives, the groups with Okra seeds were treated 3.5 days per
week. The experiment lasted 3 weeks. The Okra seeds were equally divided into three
groups: control and two experimental groups. Each group contained 1 randomly picked
seed. The experimental groups were treated with leech compost tea and vermi tea
throughout the experiment.

28
The other variables (such as the amount of treatment and temperature) remain
constant and the same for the three groups. The data garnered from the experiments were
tabulated and interpreted by the researchers.
Findings
Based on the results and discussions, there was an effect of leech compost tea and
vermi tea to the okra seeds. As per the analysis of data gathered, the following findings
were determined:
1. Difference of Leech compost tea and Vermi tea.
1.1. The Leech Compost Tea group in terms of leaves has a greater
number than the vermi tea group. On the first week it had 2 leaves and on
the next week with 4 leaves and on the last week with 5 while the vermi
tea on its first week had 2 leaves, on the second week with 3 leaves and 4
leaves until the end of the experiment.
1.2. In terms of the length of stem, the vermi tea group had the longest
stem with 16 cm long on the 3 weeks’ experiment while the leech compost
tea with 14 cm at the end of the experiment.
2. The germination growth of the three groups within three weeks really has its
differences.
2.1. Controlled group had only 1 seed that had been germinated within one
week and added 2 seeds on the second week. On the last week of the
experiment there was no seed that had been germinated. Overall, on the
29
controlled group, all the seeds had been germinated within the three-week
experiment.
2.2. Vermi tea had 1 seed that had been germinated within one week. On
the second week, there was also one seed that had been added to the
germinated seed. On the last week, there was no seed that had been
germinated. Overall, there were only 2 seeds in the vermi tea group.
Overall, on the vermi tea group, there were only 2 seeds that had been
germinated within the three-week experiment.
2.3. Leech compost tea had 2 seeds that germinated within one week and
added 1 seed on the second week. On the last week, there was no seed that
had been germinated. Overall, on the leech compost tea group, all the
seeds had been germinated within the three-week experiment.
Conclusion
The results of this study shows that the group that had leech compost tea had an
effect and excelled in terms on length of the stem than the controlled and vermi tea
group. The vermi tea group produces a thicker and healthier plant than the controlled and
leech compost tea group. The germination growth of the leech compost tea was equal to
the controlled group and greater than the vermi tea. Based on the findings of the study, it
can be concluded that using the Leech Compost Tea and Vermi Tea can both be an
organic fertilizer for plants.

30
Recommendations
For this study to be useful and beneficial, the researchers proposed the following
recommendation for further study.
Farmers should use the leech compost tea to achieve faster germination. This is
crucial when they need to harvest with a short time due to calamities. If the farmers
desire a thicker and healthier plant they should use the vermi tea to achieve these results.
Department of Agriculture and its Regional, Provincial, and Municipal offices
should consider this study for their seminars, brochure, and programs.
Communities and for those who have a garden in their house so that they can
harvest bigger and healthier fruit. They can use leech compost tea for their flower and
plants to achieve better germination growth.
School can use the leech compost tea to attain faster growth, taller stem, and
higher germination growth for the flowers.
Future researchers that will conduct a study in line with this study should use
different amounts of fertilizers, different kinds of plants and use different quantity of
samples, frequency of the sessions, duration, and different medium.

31
REFERENCES
Arago, L. B., & Sarabia, C. A. R. (2013). Response of Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L.
Moench) to different Levels of Human Urine. Mindoro, Philippines: Mindoro
State College of Agriculture and Technology.
By. (2019, August 23). At 12.65% CAGR, Organic Fertilizer Market Size Set to Register
15503.2 million USD by 2025. Retrieved March 3, 2020, from
https://www.marketwatch.com/press-release/at-1265-cagr-organic-fertilizer-
market-size-set-to-register-155032-million-usd-by-2025-2019-08-23
Chaney, C. (2016, October 7). What Is Loam Good for? Retrieved September 26, 2019,
from https://homeguides.sfgate.com/loam-good-for-104913.html.
Esteban, J. A. C., Taga-an, I. C., Ocoy, B. P., & Miculob, M. J. (2017). Vermi tea:
Effects on Germination of Saluyot (Corchorus olitorius) (9, Vol. 5). Compostela
Valley Province, Philippines: Compostela Valley State College, Compostela.
"Gardenerdy. (7 November 2018)." Chemical Fertilizers Vs. Organic Fertilizers.
Retrieved from https://gardenerdy.com/chemical-fertilizer-vs-organic-fertilizers
"Home Guides | SF Gate. (10 December 2018)." Advantages of Vermicompost. Retrieved
from https://homeguides.sfgate.com/advantages-vermicompost-43263.
Measures of Central Tendency. (n.d.). Retrieved March 10, 2020, from
https://statistics.laerd.com/statistical-guides/measures-central-tendency-mean-mode-
median.php
32
Mode: Statistics, Concept, Methods, Relationship with Mean and Median. (2019,
December 2). Retrieved March 9, 2020, from
https://www.toppr.com/guides/maths/statistics/mode/
Momblan, G. (2019, July 13). Organic fertilizer to rehab Iloilos El Niño-hit farms.
Retrieved from https://www.pna.gov.ph/articles/1074881.
Ong, G., & Flores, H. (n.d.). Vermicomposting: An environment-friendly, sustainable
way to farm. Retrieved September 22, 2019, from
https://www.philstar.com/business/agriculture/2009/03/15/448145/vermicomposti
ng-environment-friendly-sustainable-way-farm.
"Our Everyday Life. (10 January 2019)." What are the Uses of Vermicompost? Retrieved
from https://oureverydaylife.com/201027-what-are-the-uses-of-
vermicompost.html
Paul, J. (2009, June). The Theory and Operation of Composting. Retrieved from http://-
www.transformcompostsystems.com/articles/Basics of Composting June
2009.pdf.
Politud, r. E. R. R., & Pabellan, R. R. (2016). Efficacy of Varying Levels and Brewing
Durations of Vermitea Foliar Spray Applications on the Growth and Yield of
Eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) (Issue 4, Vol. Vol 6). Claveria, 9004 Misamis
Oriental, Philippines: International Journal of Scientific and Research
Publications.
33
Quimbo, Michelle & Mamaril, Cezar. (2015). Organic Fertilizer Efficacy and Financial
Viability in Upland Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Production. The Philippine
agriculturist. 98. 174-189.
Sarian, Z. B., & Agriculture Monthly. (2019, February 1). Organic Rice Farming with
Vermicompost Increases Yield of Outstanding Farmer in Tarlac. Retrieved from
https://www.agriculture.com.ph/2019/04/30/organic-rice-farming-with-
vermicompost-increases-yield-of-outstanding-farmer-in-tarlac/.
Tacio, H. D. (2014, May 25). Organic fertilizer is profitable. Retrieved September 22,
2019, from https://www.sunstar.com.ph/article/346193.
“The African Night Crawler (ANC) and Other Composting Earthworms. (n.d.). Retrieved
from https://www.cropsreview.com/african-night-crawler.html.
"Veggie Gardener. (25 June 2015)." The Best Orgnic Fertilizer for Vegetable Garden.
Retrieved from https://www.veggiegardener.com/best-organic-fertilizer-for-
vegetable-garden/
Wang, X.-X., Zhao, F., Zhang, G., Zhang, Y., & Yang, L. (2017). Shenyang, China: Plant
Nutrition and Fertilizer, Land and Environmental College. doi:
10.3389/fpls.2017.01978
"Worm Composting Headquarters. (1 October 2019)." How to Make Compost Tea with
Worm Casting? Retrieved from https://www.wormcompostinghq.com/how-to-
use-worm-compost/how-to-make-compost-tea-with-worm-castings/
34
GUINAYANGAN NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL

GRADES 11 & 12
Guinayangan, Quezon
APPENDICES
35
APPENDIX “A”
COMMUNICATIONS

GRADES 11 & 12
Guinayangan, Quezon
December 7, 2019
LEILANI A. PREGELLANA
Principal III
Guinayangan National High School
Madam:
Greetings!
We, the senior high school students from STEM track of Guinayangan National High
School Grades 11 & 12, are currently working on our research paper entitled
“COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF LEECH COMPOST TEA AND VERMI TEA
AS AN ORGANIC FERTILIZERFOR ABELMOSCHUS
ESCULENTUS(OKRA).”as a partial fulfillment in the subject Inquiries, Investigations
and Immersion .The purpose of this study is to determine the comparison of the leech
compost tea and vermi tea as an effective organic fertilizer for Abelmoschus esculentus
(Okra).
In connection to this, we are asking for your assistance to conduct this research, if
approval is granted we, the researchers will start the experiment in of address of Bgy.
Calimpak Guinayangan Quezon on December 9, 2019. No cost will be incurred by the
school either the participants/researchers of the study.
Your positive response regarding this matter will be highly anticipated. Thank you very
much.
Very truly yours,
THE RESEARCHERS
Noted by:
ANGELIKA T. MATIBAG
Research Adviser
Approved by:
LEILANI A. PREGELLANA
Principal III
36
APPENDIX "B”
VALIDATION

GRADES 11 & 12
Guinayangan, Quezon
December 7, 2019
MARY JOAN CHARLOTTE A. ROLDAN

SST-III
Madam:
Greetings!
We, the senior high school students from Science, Technology, Engineering and
Mathematics track of Guinayangan National High School Grades 11 & 12, are currently
working on our research paper entitled “COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF LEECH
COMPOST TEA AND VERMI TEA AS AN ORGANIC FERTILIZER FOR
ABELMOSCHUS ESCULENTUS (OKRA).” as a partial fulfillment in the subject
Inquiries, Investigations and Immersion. The purpose of this study is to determine the
comparison of the leech compost tea and vermi tea as an effective organic fertilizer for
Abelmoschus esculentus (Okra).
In connection to this, we are asking for your assistance to validate and examine our
research instrument to formally conduct our data gathering at Bgy. Calimpak
much.
Very truly yours,
THE RESEARCHERS
Noted by:
ANGELIKA T. MATIBAG
Research Adviser
Approved by:

SST-III
37
APPENDIX "B”
VALIDATION

GRADES 11 & 12
Guinayangan, Quezon
December 7, 2019
ERIKA LOURINE KATE A. AURELLANA

SST-II
Madam:
Greetings!
research instrument to formally conduct our data gathering at Bgy. Calimpak,
Guinayangan, Quezon.
much.
Very truly yours,
THE RESEARCHERS
Noted by:
ANGELIKA T. MATIBAG
Research Adviser
Approved by:

SST-II
38
APPENDIX "B”
VALIDATION

GRADES 11 & 12
Guinayangan, Quezon
December 7, 2019
ARIS I. PITOGO
Agricultural Technician
Sir:
Greetings!
research instrument to formally conduct our data gathering at Bgy. Calimpak,
Guinayangan, Quezon.
much.
Very truly yours,
THE RESEARCHERS
Noted by:
ANGELIKA T. MATIBAG
Research Adviser
Approved by:
ARIS I. PITOGO
39
APPENDIX “C”
OBSERVATION SHEET

GRADES 11 & 12
Guinayangan, Quezon
TITLE: DESCRIPTIVE-COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF LEECH COMPOST

TEA AND VERMI TEA AS AN ORGANIC FERTILIZER
FOR ABELMOSCHUS ESCULENTUS
(OKRA)
Observation Sheet
Type of Seed: Okra
Date started: __________________ Date ended: __________________
Leech Compost Tea

Number of Length of the
Week
leaves Stem (cm)
1
2
3
Vermi Tea
Week
leaves Stem (cm)
1
2
3
Controlled
Week
leaves Stem (cm)
1
2
3
40
Germination Growth
Vermi Tea Leech compost
Week Controlled group
group tea group
1
2
3
Description:
__________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
VALIDATED BY:

SST-III

SST-II
ARIS I. PITOGO
41
APPENDIX "D”
PICTURES
Guinayangan National High School

GRADES 11 & 12
Guinayangan, Quezon
Illustration 1. The place where the experiment take place
Illustration2. The graduated measuring cup used

42
Illustration 3. The Pots used
Illustration 4. The Vermi tea used

43
Illustration 5. The Leech Compost tea used
Illustration 6. The type of leech used

44
Illustration 7. The container used for leech compost tea
Illustration 8. The sand used for the soil medium

45
Illustration 8. The loam used for the soil medium
Illustration 9. The loam used for the soil medium
Illustration 10. The carbonized husk used for the soil medium
46
Illustration 11. The Vermi Tea Brewer Used

47
During Experimentation
Illustration 12 A. First week of Observation
Illustration 12 B. First week of Observation

48
Illustration 13 A. Second week of Observation
Illustration 13 B. Second week of Observation

49
Illustration 14 A. Third week of Observation
Illustration 14 B. Third week of Observation

Descritive Analysis of Leech Compost Tea and Vermi Tea

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

You might also like

Descritive Analysis of Leech Compost Tea and Vermi Tea

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Description:

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Descritive Analysis of Leech Compost Tea and Vermi Tea

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Descriptive-Comparative Analysis of Compost Tea and Vermi Tea…

THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND

phosphorus as mentioned by Yamada K. and Xu H. (2008). The growing popularity and

also it is used globally as reported by www.marketwatch.com(2020)

by fertilizer-machinery.com (2019) showed that organic fertilizer has significant roles in

Vermi tea is defined as the result of suspending worm casting in highly

oxygenated water. Worm tea is beneficial in many ways (nature’sfootprint.com, 2015).

then used as a fertilizer on any plant (leech.com,2019).

to any crops and plants.

Background of the study

beneficial for the plants, especially to the Okra plants.

vermicomposting is a type of composting in which certain species of earthworms were

product. It is a mesophilic process utilizing microorganisms and earthworms. These two

leech compost tea or the vermicompost tea.

shows vermi tea can be an effective fertilizer for the plants.

agricultural transformation in one's country.

more effective for their plants.

Statement of the Problem

the leech compost tea for Abelmoschus esculentus (Okra)

Specifically, this study should seek answer to the following questions:

1.1. Number of leaves

1.2. Length of Stem

2. What is the germination growth of the seeds?

2.1. Controlled group

2.2. Vermi tea group

2.3 Leech compost tea group

Significance of the Study

is essential to first elaborate who can benefit from this study:

Department of Agriculture agriculturist can use this study, to have an additional

method for fertilizing plants.

to plants. It is cheap and easy to make.

inside their campus to achieve a better outcome.

studies that involves compost tea.

Scope and Delimitation

researcher’s house because of its good temperature.

in this study are listed as follows:

Fertilizer is composed of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compounds. They also

This study used the same definition.

plant (Encyclopaedia, Britannica, 2020)

are bloodsucking parasites especially of vertebrates, and others are predators

(Oxford Dictionary, 2019).

website veggiegardener.com (2019).

It is used as an organic fertilizer for the plant

main subjects of this study.

has undergone substantial decomposition. It was according to the Philippine

National Standard (PNS) for organic fertilizer, (2013).

The same definition was used in this study.

than choosing not to use pesticides, fertilizer, genetically modified organisms,

antibiotics and growth hormones (H. Martin, 2009).

This study utilized the same definition.

Stem is the stick-like central part of a plant that grows above the ground and from

which leaves and flowers grow (Cambridge Dictionary, 2020).

two experimental groups.

quality compost, from the website of Maximum Yield (2019),

This study utilized the same definition.

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDY

analysis of the study.