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chapter 8
JOINTS
Joints, or articulations, are the points where two bones meet. The body contains a number of different
articulations, varying in both size and shape. It’s these differences that allow us to perform a wide variety of
movements, ranging from walking and running to writing or playing the piano.

Make a Connection: Classifications of Joints

Unscramble the following words to discover three classifications of joints. Then draw lines to the list on the right to
link each joint classification to its characteristics.

1. VISAONLY a. Are freely movable

b. Result when bones are joined by cartilage
2. BIOSURF c. Result when collagen fibers from one bone
penetrate the adjacent bone
d. The most numerous of the body’s joints
3. ANTISOCIALRUG
e. Are slightly movable
f. Also called diarthroses
g. Are fixed joints
h. Also called amphiarthroses
i. An example is the symphysis pubis
j. Examples include the knee, hip, and elbow
k. An example is the suture joints in the adult skull
l. Also called synarthroses

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Conceptualize in Color: Synovial Joints

Identify the key structures found in synovial joints by coloring the following figure. Use the colors suggested or
choose your own colors.

● Joint capsule: Green ● Ligaments: Gray

● Synovial membrane: Purple ● Joint cavity: Light blue
● Articular cartilage: Dark blue

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Drawing Conclusions: Types of Synovial Joints

Identify the type of synovial joint represented by each of the “hardware” joints. First, fill in the blanks to identify
the type of joint, the movement the joint allows, and at least one location in the body where the joint can be found.

1.
4.
● Type of joint:
● Movement: ● Type of joint:
● Location in the body: ● Movement:
● Location in the body:

2.

5.

● Type of joint:
● Movement:
● Location in the body:
● Type of joint:
● Movement:
● Location in the body:

3.

6.
● Type of joint:
● Movement:
● Location in the body: ● Type of joint:
● Movement:
● Location in the body:

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Drawing Conclusions: Movements of Synovial Joints

Describing the great variety of movements performed by synovial joints depends upon a specific vocabulary.
Demonstrate your knowledge of these terms by writing the name of the movement being demonstrated by each of
the following figures. Color the arrow signifying the direction of movement.

1.

2.

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3.

4.

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5.

6.

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7.

8.

9.

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10.

11.

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12.

13.

14.

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15.

16.

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Conceptualize in Color: The Knee

Identify the key structures of the knee by coloring the following figure. Use the colors suggested or choose your own
colors.

● Femoral condyles: Gray ● Anterior cruciate ligament: Green

● Medial meniscus: Light blue ● Fibular collateral ligament: Tan
● Lateral meniscus: Dark blue ● Tibial collateral ligament: Brown
● Posterior cruciate ligament: Orange

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Puzzle It Out: Joints

Test your general knowledge concerning joints by completing the following crossword puzzle.

ACROSS DOWN
3. Type of arthritis that’s an autoimmune disease 1. Fluid-filled sac that resides in some joints
7. Type of arthritis attributed to the wear and tear of 2. Type of surgical procedure often performed on
aging the knee
11. Another name for a joint 4. The anterior cruciate ligament keeps the knee
12. Body joint consisting of two articulations from doing this
5. Type of fluid that fills the joint capsule and
lubricates the joint
6. Joint replacement
8. Meniscus is made of this material
9. Another name for the humeroscapular joint
10. Another name for the tibiofemoral joint

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