STEEL AND TIMBER DESIGN

CE-506

SUBMITTED BY:
ESGUERRA, ALFA ROMEO C.
QUITO, FRANCES NICOLE

SUBMITTED TO:
ENGR. BRYAN DALE P. YU, MSCE

SOIL SETTLEMENT
Δσ =
[ 150 ( 10∗10 ) ]
[ ( 10+3 ) ( 10+3 ) ]
¿ 88.8 kP a
σ ’ v , f =68+ 88.8=156.8 kP a

0.05 80
Sc ,1 d =
1+ 0.80 ( )
( 6 ) log
68
+0.15 156.8
( 6 ) log (
1+ 0.80 80 )
¿ 15.8 c m
Consolidation in Clay 2
σ ’ v ,0=( 2 ) ( 19 )+ ( 6 ( 20−10 ) )+ ( 3 ( 20−10 ) )
1. Ignore the immediate settlement, and
¿ 128 kPa
calculate total consolidation settlement of ( 150 ) ( 10∗10 )
soil profile composed of two different Δσ =
( 10+9 ) ( 10+9 )
types of clay, i.e. Clay 1 and Clay 2 due to ¿ 41.6 kP a
150 kPa net foundation loading. Take unit σ ’ v , f =128+ 41.6=169.6 kPa
weight of water as 10 kN/m3 and assume
that Skempton-Bjerrum Correction Factor This is an overconsolidated clay
is μ= 0.7 for both clay layers. Note that σ’c σ’c / σ’v,o = 200 / 128 >1.0
σ’v,f < σ’c
(or sometimes shown as σ’p) is the
0.0 3 169.6
preconsolidation pressure. Sc ,1 d =
1+ 0.6 0
( 6 ) log (
128 )
=0.014 m

Settlement will take place due to loading

Sc ,1 d =15.9+1.4=17.3 cm
(qnet = 150 kPa) applied at a depth of 2
Sc ,3 d =Sc ,1 d∗μ =17.3∗0.7=12.1 cm
m. Thus, all (consolidation) settlement
calculations will be performed for clayey
soil beneath the foundation (z > 2 m).

σ ’ v , o=(2∗19)+¿
¿ 68 kP a
2. A new Building is placed upon the site
shown. Assume that the clay solids have a
specific gravity of 2.67. Find the primary
consolidation settlement if the clay is
normally consolidated.
3. Find the total settlement under a
building that applies the load shown
below.

ɣ=ɣwGs=27.8 kN/m3
kN
ɣ ' =ɣ sat −ɣ w =18.1−9.81=8.3
Cc=0.009(¿−10) m3

Cc=0.009(50−10) Cc=0.009( 45−10)

Cc =0.36 Cc = 0.32

Se=w Gs
( 0.34 )( 2.67 )
σ ' =( 4.6 ) ( 17.6 ) + ( 6 )( 10.4 )+ ( 7.62 ) ( 8.3)
e= =0.91 kN
1 σ ' =175
m2
Po=( 0.11 ) ( 8 ) + ( 0.115−0.0624 ) ( 7 )
( 7.6 )( 0.32 ) 175+ 120
+ ( 0.120−0.0624 )( 8.5 ) ∆ H=
1+1.11
log (175 )
Po=1.74 ksf
∆ H =0.26=260 mm
( 17 )( 12 ) ( 0.36 ) 1.74 +1
∆ H=
1+ 0.91
log( 1.74 )
¿ 7.6∈¿
4. An oedometer (consolidation) test is
performed on a normally consolidated 5.
clay stratum that is 8.5 feet thick, and it
found that the clay’s initial voids ratio
was eo = 0.8 and its primary compression
index is Cc = 0.28. The in-situ stress at
mid-clay layer is po = 2,650 psf, and the
building exerts a pressure through its mat
foundation of 970 psf. The secondary
compression index Cα = 0.02.
The time of completion of the primary
settlement is approximately 18 months.
What is the total consolidation of the 8.5
foot clay stratum 5 years after the
primary consolidation?
Primary Consolidation
( 0.28 ) ( 8.5 ) ( 12 ) 2.65+970
∆ Hp=
1+0.8 ( log
2.65 )
∆ Hp=2.15inches

Secondary Consolidation

ep=0.8−0.28 log ( 2650+970

2650 )
=0.76

( 0.28 )( 8.5−0.18 ) ( 12 ) 5
log (
1.5 )
∆ Hs=
1+0.76
∆ Hs=0.59 inches
Total Consolidation= 2.15+0.59
Total Consolidation= 2.74 inches