PAPER 2

ESSAY
80 MARKS
ANSWER FOUR (4)QUESTIONS ONLY FROM THIS SECTION
Credit will be given for clarify of expression and orderly presentation of material. All
Questions carry equal marks

1a i.What are enzymes? (2marks)

ii. Give three characteristics of enzymes (3marks)
iii. Mention three digestive enzymes and their functions (3marks)
b. Name the type of bonds present in each of the following substance
i. Ammonium chloride
ii. Sodium chloride
iii. Calcium chloride
iv. Carbon dioxide (2marks)

c. Distinguish between green manure and farm yard manure (3marks)

ii. State three (3) examples of organic fertilizers (11/2marks|)
iii. What is global warming?] (1mark)

di. A moving machine uses diesel oil which when burnt will produce 4.0×102J Calculate the
efficiency of the machine if the work performed by the machine is 3.8×102J(2marks)

ii. State three (3) physical quantities of measurement and their fundamental units (2mark
2. ai. What is indigestion (1mark)
ii. State three ways of preventing indigestion (1 ½ marks)
iii. State two effects of each of the following practices in human
α.increase salt diet (1mark)
β. Overeating (1mark)
iv. State two causes of constipation (1mark)

bi. Define fertile soil? (1mark)

ii. State three (3) examples of single fertilizers (1mark)
iii. Explain the concept of soil conservation (1mark)

c. i. What is an ionic bond? (1mark)

ii. Tabulate four different between covalent compounds and ionic compound (4 Marks)

d. The density of a piece of stone is 2500kgm-3

Determine its relative density [Density of water =1000kgm-3] (3marks)
Ii.State two (2) differences between density and relative density (2marks)

3. ai. What is a covalent bond? (1mark)

ii.Classify the following compounds as covalent or ionic:
NaCl,Na O,NH ,HCl,O2,H ,LiF, CaO,
2 3 2 (4mars)

b.State and explain any four (4) methods of fertilizer application. (4marks)
c.Explain the following terms
i. Kinetic Energy
ii.Potential Energy
iii.Chemical Energy
iv.Sound Energy
v.Thermal Energy (4marks)

d.Give one function of each of the following types of teeth

α. Carnassial teeth
β Molar
γ.Incisor
δ Canine (2marks)

ii. State two functions of the liver (2marks)

iii. List two diseases that affect the liver (2marks)
 4ai.What is compost? (1mark)
ii. State two (2) importance of compost (2marks)
iii. Mention two (2) examples of igneous rock (2marks)

bi. Explain the term ruminants as used in animal production (2marks)

ii. State one function each of the following organs in the digestion system of a
ruminant.
α.) Rumen
β.) Omasum
γ) Abomasum (3marks)
c. What energy changes takes place in the following
i.When a mango falls from a tree
ii.A carpenter hits a nail with a hammer
iii.A torch is switched on (3marks)
iv.Explain the term conservation of energy? (2marks)

d. Write the chemical formula for each of the following compound

i. Potassium trioxosulphate (IV)
ii. Trioxonitrate (V) acid
iii. Copper (II) sulphate
iv. Potassium tetra oxomangante (VII)
v. Sulphur (VI) oxide (5marks)

5ai.Define the term isotope (1mark)

ii.Name the instrument use in determine isotopes (1mark)
iii.Explain why ionic compounds have higher melting and boiling points that
Covalent compounds (3marks)
bi. What is essential nutrient? (2marks)
ii.State two (2) ways each in which the following food substances are important to the human
body
α) Lipids
β) Roughage
γ) Water (3marks)
ci.What is weathering? (1mark)
 ii. State two (2) ways of controlling soil erosion iii.Mention two (2) sources of atmospheric
pollution (2marks)

d. The energy output of a machine is 30J.If the efficiency of the machine is 90%, Calculate
the energy input. (5marks)
6a. An atom of an element X has an atomic number of 17 and a mass number of
35.Determine the number of
i. Electrons
ii.Protons
iii.Neutrons
iv. Shells in the atom
v. How many electrons are on the last shell of the atom (5marks)

bi. What is dental formula? (2marks)

ii. Write a dental formula for man (2marks)
iii.State two (2) ways of preventing dental decay (1mark)

ci. What is fertilizer? (1mark)

ii. Distinguish between organic and inorganic fertilizer (2marks)
iii. Explain the term acid rain (2marks)

di. State the law of conservation of energy (2marks)

ii. State three (3) ways of conserving energy (3marks)