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CHEMICAL REACTIONS IN AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS

NAME: KEY DATE____________

(5 pts Total) _______________________________________________

PURPOSE ____________
The purpose of this experiment was too perform various metathesis reactions, write the
corresponding molecular, total ionic, and net ionic chemical equations,
______________________________________________________________________________
and determine the spectator ions.
___________________________________________________________________________

1. Copper(II) sulfate + sodium carbonate

Observations: (1 point)
Precipitate forms (cloudy blue-green precipitate)

Molecular Equation: (1 point)

CuSO4(aq) + Na2CO3(aq) → Na2SO4(aq) + CuCO3(s)

Total Ionic Equation: (2 points)

Cu2+(aq) + SO42-(aq) + 2Na+(aq) + CO32-(aq) → 2Na+(aq) + SO42-(aq) + CuCO3(s)

Net Ionic Equation: (2 points)

2+ 2-
Cu (aq) + CO3 (aq) → CuCO3(s)

2. Copper(II) sulfate + barium chloride

Observations: (1 point)
Precipitate forms (white cloudy)

Molecular Equation: (1 point)

CuSO4(aq) + BaCl2(aq) → BaSO4(s) + CuCl2(aq)

Total Ionic Equation: (2 points)

2+ 2- 2+ - 2+ -
Cu (aq) + SO4 (aq) + Ba (aq) + 2Cl (aq) → BaSO4(s) + Cu (aq) + 2Cl (aq)
2- 2+
Net Ionic Equation: (2 points) SO4 (aq) + Ba (aq) → BaSO 4(s)
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3. Copper(II) sulfate + sodium phosphate

Observations: (1 point)
Precipitate forms (cloudy blue-green)

Molecular Equation: (1 point)

3CuSO4(aq) + 2Na3PO4(aq) → 3Na2SO4(aq) + Cu3(PO4)2(s)

Total Ionic Equation: (2 points)

2+ 2- + 3- 2- +
3Cu (aq) + 3SO4 (aq) + 6Na (aq) + 2PO4 (aq) → 3SO4 (aq) + 6Na (aq) + Cu3(PO4)2(s)

Net Ionic Equation: (2 points)

2+ 3-
3Cu (aq) + 2PO4 (aq) → Cu3(PO4)2(s)

4. Sulfuric acid + sodium carbonate

Observations: (1 point)
Gas bubbles

Molecular Equation: (1 point)

H2SO4(aq) + Na2CO3(aq) → Na 2SO4(aq) + H2O(l) + CO2(g)

Total Ionic Equation: (2 points)

+ 2- + 2-
2H (aq) + SO4 (aq) + 2Na (aq) + CO3 (aq) → 2Na+(aq) + SO42-(aq) + H2O(l) + CO2(g)

Net Ionic Equation: (2 points)

+ 2-
2H (aq) + CO3 (aq) → H2O(l) + CO2(g)

5. Hydrochloric acid + sodium carbonate

Observations: (1 point)
Gas bubbles

Molecular Equation: (1 point)

2HCl(aq) + Na2CO3(aq) → 2NaCl(aq) + H2O(l) + CO2(g)

Total Ionic Equation: (2 points)

2H+(aq) + 2Cl-(aq) + 2Na+(aq) + CO32-(aq) → 2Na+(aq) + 2Cl-(aq) + H2O(l) + CO2(g)

Net Ionic Equation: (2 points)

+ 2-
2H (aq) + CO3 (aq) → H2O(l) + CO2(g)
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6. Nickel(II) chloride + sodium carbonate

Observations: (1 point)
Precipitate forms (cloudy green)

Molecular Equation: (1 point)

NiCl2(aq) + Na2CO3(aq) → NiCO 3(s) + 2NaCl(aq)

Total Ionic Equation: (2 points)

2+ - + 2- + -
Ni (aq) + 2Cl (aq) + 2Na (aq) + CO3 (aq) → NiCO3(s) + 2Na (aq) + 2Cl (aq)

Net Ionic Equation: (2 points)

2+ 2-
Ni (aq) + CO3 (aq) → NiCO 3(s)

7. Hydrochloric acid + sodium hydroxide

Observations: (1 point)
No visual changes observed; test-tube became warm

Molecular Equation: (1 point)

HCl(aq) + NaOH(aq) → NaCl(aq) + H2O(l)

Total Ionic Equation: (2 points)

+ - + -
H (aq) + Cl (aq) + Na (aq) + OH (aq) → Na+(aq) + Cl-(aq) + H2O(l)

Net Ionic Equation: (2 points)

+ -
H (aq) + OH (aq) → H2O(l)

8. Ammonium chloride + sodium hydroxide

Observations: (1 point)
Some Gas bubbles; smell of ammonia

Molecular Equation: (1 point)

NH4Cl(aq) + NaOH(aq) → NaCl(aq) + NH3(g) + H2O(l)

Total Ionic Equation: (2 points)

NH4+(aq) + Cl-(aq) + Na+(aq) + OH-(aq) → Na+(aq) + Cl-(aq) + NH3(g) + H2O(l)

Net Ionic Equation: (2 points)

+ -
NH4 (aq) + OH (aq) → NH 3(g) + H2O(l)
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9. Hydrochloric acid + sodium acetate

Observations: (1 point)
No visual changes observed; smell of vinegar

Molecular Equation: (1 point)

HCl(aq) + CH3COONa(aq) → NaCl(aq) + CH3COOH(aq)

Total Ionic Equation: (2 points)

+ - + - + - + -
H (aq) + Cl (aq) + Na (aq) + CH3COO (aq) → Na (aq) + Cl (aq) + H (aq) + CH3COO (aq) Net

Ionic Equation: (2 points)

H+(aq) + CH3COO-(aq) → CH3COOH(aq)

10. Potassium chloride + sodium nitrate

Observations: (1 point)
No changes observed

Molecular Equation: (1 point)

KCl(aq) + NaNO3(aq) → No Reaction

Total Ionic Equation: (2 points)

K (aq) + Cl (aq) + Na (aq) + NO3 (aq) → no Reaction
+ - + -

Net Ionic Equation: (2 points) No reaction!

11. Nickel(II) chloride + silver nitrate

Observations: (1 point)
Precipitate (cloudy white )

Molecular Equation: (1 point)

NiCl2(aq) + 2AgNO3(aq) → 2AgCl(s) + Ni(NO3)2(aq)

Total Ionic Equation: (2 points)

Ni2+(aq) + 2Cl-(aq) + 2Ag+(aq) + 2NO3-(aq) → Ni2+(aq) + 2NO3-(aq) + 2AgCl(s)

Net Ionic Equation: (2 points)

Ag (aq) + Cl-(aq) → AgCl(s)
+
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12. Barium chloride + silver nitrate

Observations: (1 point)
Precipitate (Cloudy white solid)

Molecular Equation: (1 point)

BaCl2(aq) + 2AgNO3(aq) → 2AgCl(s) + Ba(NO3)2(aq)

Total Ionic Equation: (2 points)

2+ - + - 2+ -
Ba (aq) + 2Cl (aq) + 2Ag (aq) + 2NO3 (aq) → Ba (aq) + 2NO3 (aq) + 2AgCl(s)

Net Ionic Equation: (2 points)

Ag+(aq) + Cl-(aq) → AgCl(s)

SUMMARY: (5 points)

Post-Lab Questions:
1. Which of the following are not water soluble: (2 points)
Ba(NO3)2 , FeCl3 , CuCO3 , CuSO4 , ZnS , ZnSO4

2. Write molecular, ionic and net ionic equations for the reactions that occur, if any, when solutions of
the following substances are mixed.
a. Nitric acid and barium carbonate (4 points)
2HNO3(aq) + BaCO3(aq) → Ba(NO 3)2(aq) + H2O(l) + CO2(g)
+ - + 2- + -
2H (aq) + 2NO3 (aq) + Ba (aq) + CO3 (aq) → Ba (aq) + 2NO3 (aq) + H2O(l) + CO2(g)
2H+(aq) + CO32-(aq) → H2O(l) + CO2(g)

b. Zinc chloride and lead nitrate (4 points)

ZnCl2(aq) + Pb(NO3)2(aq) → PbCl 2(s) + Zn(NO3)2(aq)
2+ - 2+ - 2+ -
Zn (aq) + 2Cl (aq) + Pb (aq) + 2NO3 (aq) → PbCl2(s) + Zn (aq) + 2NO3 (aq)
Pb2+(aq) + 2Cl-(aq) → PbCl2(s)

c. Acetic acid and sodium hydroxide (4 points)

CH3COOH(aq) + NaOH → CH3COONa(aq) + H2O(l)
H+(aq) + CH3COO-(aq) + Na+(aq) + OH-(aq) → Na +(aq) + CH3COO-(aq) + H2O(l)
+ -
H (aq) + OH (aq) → H2O(l)

d. Ammonium chloride and potassium hydroxide (4 points)

NH4Cl(aq) + KOH(aq) → NH4OH(aq) + KCl(aq) → KCl(aq) + NH3(g) + H2O(l)
+ - + - + -
NH4 (aq) + Cl (aq) + K (aq) + OH (aq) → K (aq) + Cl (aq) + NH3(g) + H2O(l)
+ -
NH4 (aq) + OH (aq) → NH 3(g) + H2O(l)