PANPACIFIC UNIVERSITY NORTH PHILIPPINES TAYUG – INC.

Lopez Jaena Street, Tayug, Pangasinan

School Year 2016 - 2017
Senior High School Department

SUBMITTED BY: ___________________________________________________________ STRAND: __________________

SUBMITTED TO: ___________________________________________________________ SCORE: ___________________

“EARTHQUAKE: THE WORST NATURAL DISASTER”

Disaster Readiness and Risk Reduction

1. Describe earthquake and identify the earthquake-related hazards.

We all know that an earthquake is the shaking of the ground caused by the sudden breaking
and movement of large sections of the earth’s rocky outermost crust. Earthquake is very destructive in
a way that in can destroy a certain place and also a cause of death. We cannot predict if an earthquake
will occur but we can predict what will happened next. These are some of the earthquake-related
hazards-
 Tsunami
Tsunamis are long wavelength oceanic waves generated by the sudden displacement of
seawater by a shallow earthquake, volcanic eruption or submarine landslide. A number
of waves may be produced and they can travel long distances at high speed to flood far-
off shores.
 Landslides and Rockfalls
Ground shaking due to earthquakes can create cliffs and steep slopes, causing landslides
and rockfalls as a significant side effect.
 Liquefaction
It occurs when waterlogged sediments are agitated by seismic shaking. This separates
the grain from each other, reducing their load bearing capacity. Buildings and other
structures can sink down into the ground or tilt over, and tanks may rise up to the
surface. When the vibrations stop the sediments settle down again, squeezing
groundwater out of fissures and holes in the ground to cause flooding.

2. What to do BEFORE, DURING and AFTER of an earthquake.

Before an earthquake, movement of the ground seldom is the actual cause of death and injury.
Most casualties result from partial building collapses, falling objects and debris, like falling
bricks, ceiling plaster, etc. Many of these conditions can be prevented by taking a few steps
now to prepare.
 Make sure you have a fire extinguisher, first aid kit, a flash light and extra batteries at
home.
 Learn first aid.
 Learn how to turn off the gas, water, and electricity.
 Make a plan of where to meet your family after an earthquake.
 Learn the earthquake plan at your school or workplace.
During an earthquake, you may experience a gentle shaking that becomes violent in a second or
two and knocks you off your feet, or you may be jarred first by a violent jolt- as though your
house was hit by a truck.
 Stay calm and stay put.
 If indoors, DROP to the ground; take COVER by getting under a sturdy table; and HOLD
ON until the shaking stops.
 If outdoors, stay away from buildings, trees, and power lines.
  If driving, move away from overpasses, stop slowly in a safe area, and stay in the
building.
 If in a high-rise building, Get under the desk and stay away from outside walls and
windows. Do not use the elevator.
After an earthquake, expect aftershocks. These secondary shockwaves are usually less violent
than the main quake but can be strong enough to do additional damage to weakened
structures and can occur in the first hours, days, weeks or even months after the quake.
 Wear sturdy shoes to protect your feet from broken glass.
 Check for injuries and apply necessary first aid.
 Do not use the telephone except in an emergency.
 Listen to the radio public-safety instructions.
 Stay away from beaches. Tsunamis and seiches sometimes hit after the ground has
stopped shaking.

3. “Earthquakes alone do not injure or kill people, is our practices at home, in school, in workplace or
outside that could hurt or injure others.”

Sometimes, our wrong practices to our nature is one of the reason why we are experiencing
hazards/disasters in our society. We’re not responsible enough on the do’s and don’ts.
Sometimes we do not consider the sake of other people. We become selfish and only think of
ourselves. By simply following the rules in our society, we can make a difference. We should be
a good example to everyone so that if there are calamities or disaster will come, we are not
going to blame each other. Let’s walk hand in hand in making our society peaceful and nice.