CHAPTER 7

 Question 1
1 out of 1 points

When students are actively involved in their reading process and direct their attention to
the big ideas in the text, they are
Answer
Correct    
Answer: reading with a purpose.
 Question 2
1 out of 1 points

In which comprehension strategy to readers think about what they are reading as they
read, and apply fix-up strategies if meaning has broken down?
Answer
Correct    
Answer: monitoring
 Question 3
1 out of 1 points

Which of the following is NOT an important factor of teachers' abilities to motivate their
students?
Answer
Correct    
Answer: expectations
 Question 4
1 out of 1 points

When teachers use incentives, such as free time or food, they are engaging in
Answer
Correct    
Answer: rewards.
 Question 5
1 out of 1 points

Which of the following teacher moves is NOT likely to create an expectation of

comprehension for his/her students?
Answer
Correct   
Answer: Provide students with books at his/her level only.
 Question 6
1 out of 1 points

Which of the following is a prerequisite for comprehension?

Answer
Correct    
Answer: having and activating prior knowledge
 Question 7
1 out of 1 points

When readers personalize what they are reading by thinking of similar experiences in
their lives or in books they have read, they are
 Answer
Correct    
Answer: connecting.
 Question 8
1 out of 1 points

When students read between the lines, they are

Answer
Correct    
Answer: making inferences.
 Question 9
1 out of 1 points

Which of the following is NOT a factor of students' motivation?

Answer
Correct    
Answer: understanding the task
 Question 10
1 out of 1 points

When a reader knows what a strategy does to aid comprehension, they have what kind
of knowledge?
Answer
Correct    
Answer: declarative
 Question 11
1 out of 1 points

Which of the following is NOT true of capable readers and writers?

Answer
Correct    
Answer: They decode word by word.
 Question 12
1 out of 1 points

Talking about books and sharing opinions and ideas can help children
Answer
Correct    
Answer: increase their motivation to read.
 Question 13
1 out of 1 points

As they read, students ask themselves questions to be sure they understand what they are
reading. This is a characteristic of
Answer
Correct    
Answer: monitoring.
 Question 14
1 out of 1 points

Miss Bannigan helps her fourth graders set a purpose for reading by asking them t
Answer
 Correct    
Answer: predict
 Question 15
1 out of 1 points

Students can demonstrate their comprehension by engaging in which of the following

activities
Answer
Correct    
Answer: All of the above are true.
 Question 16
1 out of 1 points

Teachers teach students to do all but which of the following as they strive to facilitate
students' comprehension?
Answer
Correct    
Answer: Complete word journals
 Question 17
1 out of 1 points

Comprehension depends on two factors:

Answer
Correct   
Answer: the reader and the text
 Question 18
1 out of 1 points

Research has suggested that comprehension is enhanced when students:

Answer
Correct   
Answer: read for a single purpose
 Question 19
1 out of 1 points

Fluent readers have better comprehension primarily because:

Answer
Correct   
Answer: their cognitive resources are not consumed by decoding
 Question 20
1 out of 1 points

English Language Learners often have difficulty comprehending text primarily because they
lack:
Answer
Correct   
Answer: background knowledge
 Question 21
1 out of 1 points

Thoughtful behaviors that students use to facilitate their understanding as they read are:
Answer
 Correct   
Answer: comprehension strategies
 Question 22
1 out of 1 points

Learners store background knowledge in:

Answer
Correct   
Answer: schemata
 Question 23
0 out of 1 points

Of the following, the most effective technique that teachers can use to help their students make
predictions is:
Answer
Correct   
Answer: Directed Reading Thinking Activities
 Question 24
1 out of 1 points

Stephen, a fifth grade student, enjoyed silently reading Hoot by Carl Hiaasen because it
reminded him of his recent trip to the Florida Everglades.  As he was reading, Stephen
made:
Answer
Correct   
Answer: text-to-self connections
 Question 25
1 out of 1 points

A fifth grade class read and compared two books by Jerry Spinelli, Crash and Maniac
Magee.  This class made:
Answer
Correct   
Answer: text-to-text connections
 Question 26
1 out of 1 points

Motivation and interest for reading seems to increase when students participate in:
Answer
Correct   
Answer: student-controlled open-ended activities and
projects
 Question 27
1 out of 1 points

The best way for students to develop their comprehension is to:

Answer
Correct   
Answer: read authentic texts independently at their reading level
 Question 28
1 out of 1 points
 A strategy that helps students categorize questions and ask higher-level questions is:
Answer
Correct   
Answer:                      question-answer
relationships
 Question 29
1 out of 1 points

      Research suggests that the strongest, most capable readers view reading as a process of:
Answer
Correct   
Answer: b)      comprehensio
n
 Question 30
1 out of 1 points

      Teachers model the thought processes they go through as they read when they use:
Answer
Correct   
Answer: b)      think
alouds
 Question 31
1 out of 1 points

      Capable readers usually:

Answer
Correct   
Answer: c)      use many reading strategies
simultaneously
 Question 32
1 out of 1 points

      When eight-year-old George read The Polar Express, he created mental images and placed
himself in the story.  George was:
Answer
Correct   
Answer: d)     visualizin
g
 Question 33
1 out of 1 points

   Students take responsibility and select their own books when they participate in:
Answer
Correct   
Answer: c)      reading
workshop
 Question 34
1 out of 1 points

      Several factors affect reading comprehension.  Background knowledge and purpose are

considered:
Answer
 Correct    
Answer: reader factors
 Question 35
1 out of 1 points

      Teachers encourage students to make predictions as they are reading.  Predictions give

students:
Answer
Correct   
Answer: b)      a purpose for
reading
 Question 36
0 out of 1 points

      A technique that teachers use to help students form summaries is:
Answer
Correct   
Answer: b)      GIS
T
 Question 37
1 out of 1 points

      Metacognitive strategies enable students to:

Answer
Correct   
Answer: a)      reflect on their
thinking
 Question 38
1 out of 1 points

      When students read, they always need:

Answer
Correct   
Answer: d)     a
purpose
 Question 39
1 out of 1 points

      The goal of reading instruction is:

Answer
Correct   
Answer: c)      comprehensio
n
 CHAPTER 8
 Question 1
1 out of 1 points

The way authors organize ideas in stories, informational books, and poems is referred to
as
Answer
 
Correct Answers:     
text structure.
 
 
 Question 2
1 out of 1 points

How do graphic organizers help students learn about text structure?

Answer
 
Correct     
Answers: Students can visualize the big ideas and see the connections between
ideas and vocabulary.
 
 
 Question 3
1 out of 1 points

Which of the following is NOT a narrative text genre?

Answer
 
Correct     
Answers: cause and effect
 
 
 Question 4
1 out of 1 points

A story that focuses on the conflict between good and evil and often involves quests is
called
Answer
 
Correct Answers:     
high fantasy
 
 
 Question 5
1 out of 1 points

The perspective that a story is told from is which story element?

Answer
 
 Correct     
Answers: point of view
 
 
 Question 6
1 out of 1 points

Which of the following is NOT a common literacy device?

Answer
 
Correct     
Answers: problem and solution
 
 
 Question 7
1 out of 1 points

When authors use descriptive or sensory words and phrases to convey a certain picture
in the reader's mind or a certain sense of smell or taste, it is called
Answer
 
Correct Answers:     
using imagery.
 
 
 Question 8
1 out of 1 points

Which of the following is NOT one of the most common expository text structures?
Answer
 
Correct Answers:     
contemporary fiction
 
 
 Question 9
1 out of 1 points

An author lists items or events in numerical or chronological order. What type of text
structure is this?
Answer
 
Correct Answers:     
sequence
 
 
 Question 10
1 out of 1 points

Information books have all but which of the following text features?
Answer
  
Correct Answers:     
detailed illustrations to support the text's content
 
 
 Question 11
1 out of 1 points

The most common type of poetry is

Answer
 
Correct     
Answers: rhymed verse.
 
 
 Question 12
1 out of 1 points

When students create poems by cutting words from various sources and then
manipulating the words into poems, they are creating
Answer
 
Correct     
Answers: found poems.
 
 
 Question 13
1 out of 1 points

The conflict of a story is

Answer
 
Correct     
Answers: the main problem.
 
 
 Question 14
1 out of 1 points

Expository text can also be called

Answer
 
Correct     
Answers: nonfiction.
 
 
 Question 15
1 out of 1 points

What is the best reason explaining why teachers need to know about story elements?
Answer
  
Correct     
Answers: to understand how authors craft a story
 
 
 Question 16
1 out of 1 points

Mrs. Cartelli listens as two children in her class animatedly and excitedly discuss a story
about a boy who travels in the future. She begins to think of other stories they might
like. What aspect of story will she most likely focus on?
Answer
 
Correct     
Answers: setting
 
 
 Question 17
1 out of 1 points

Ms. Plante asks her students to use a graphic organizer to determine the beginning,
middle, and end of a story. She is helping her students focus on
Answer
 
Correct Answers:     
plot.
 
 
 Question 18
1 out of 1 points

Mr. Fair tells his fifth graders that sometimes authors attribute human characteristics to
animals and objects. He gives the example of "the moss crept across the sidewalk." He is
teaching his students about
Answer
 
Correct     
Answers: personification.
 
 
 Question 19
1 out of 1 points

Which of the following does NOT represent how children learn story structure?
Answer
 
Correct Answers:     
by making KWL charts
 
  
 Question 20
1 out of 1 points

Which of the following poetic forms is NOT concerned with syllables and line patterns?
Answer
 
Correct Answers:     
acrostic
 
 
 Question 21
1 out of 1 points

      The term used to describe the way in which authors organize ideas in stories,
informational books, and poems is:
Answer
Correct   
Answer: b)      text
structure
 Question 22
1 out of 1 points

      Longer stories written in a chapter format are referred to as:

Answer
Correct    
Answer: novels
 Question 23
1 out of 1 points

      A novel began with the sentences, “I knew sixth grade would be hard when we got lots of
homework on the first day.  I would no longer have time to play basketball after
school.”  Those sentences show that the novel was written in:
Answer
Correct   
Answer: a)      first-person
viewpoint
 Question 24
1 out of 1 points

      When children write poetry, they should be:

Answer
Correct   
Answer: c)      free to experiment with many
forms
 Question 25
1 out of 1 points

      Themes that are stated openly and clearly in a story are:

Answer
Correct   
Answer: b)      explicit
 themes
 Question 26
1 out of 1 points

      A term used to describe brief narratives designed to teach a moral is:
Answer
Correct   
Answer: c)      fabl
e
 Question 27
1 out of 1 points

      Nicole and Madison wanted to read a poem together.  They found a poem that was written
in two columns and each student practiced reading a column.  These students  performed a:
Answer
Correct   
Answer: c)      poem for two
voices
 Question 28
1 out of 1 points

      Informational books are organized in:

Answer
Correct   
Answer: b)      expository text
structures
 Question 29
1 out of 1 points

      A third grade class read a story about a girl who had the power to make rain or snow fall
from the sky whenever she wished.  That story is an example of a(n):
Answer
Correct   
Answer: c)      fantasy
text
 Question 30
1 out of 1 points

      When categorizing books, biographies can be considered:

Answer
Correct   
Answer: a)      informational
books
 Question 31
1 out of 1 points

      When students understand the unique characteristics of genres, they are better able to:
Answer
Correct   
Answer: c)      anticipate the structure of
text
 Question 32
 1 out of 1 points

      Myths about heroes and heroines who have done something important enough to be
remembered in a story form are referred to as:
Answer
Correct   
Answer: d)     legend
s
 Question 33
1 out of 1 points

      Good novels have fully developed main characters.  One way in which characters can be
developed is through:
Answer
Correct    
Answer: Dialogue
c)     
 Question 34
0 out of 1 points

      To complete a homework assignment, Richard searched several books and found the
names of historic battlefields in Pennsylvania.  In this situation, Richard took an:
Answer
Correct   
Answer: a)      efferent
stance
b)     
 Question 35
1 out of 1 points

      The underlying meaning of a story that embodies general truths about human nature is
referred to as the story’s:
Answer
Correct Answer:    
them
  
e
 Question 36
0 out of 1 points

    Authors use many literary devices to make their writing more vivid and
memorable.  When authors overstate or stretch the truth to make obvious and intentional
exaggerations for a special effect, those authors are using:
Answer
Correct    
Answer: hyperbole
d)    
 Question 37
1 out of 1 points

      In many folktales, the story’s setting is relatively unimportant.  Settings with little
elaboration are considered:
Answer
 Correct    
Answer: backdrop settings
 Question 38
1 out of 1 points

      A group of third-grade students read a novel in which the theme was not stated clearly in
the story.  As they were reading, these students uncovered the theme by making inferences
as they read.  Themes that must be inferred from the story are considered:
Answer
Correct   
Answer: a)      implicit
themes
b)     
 Question 39
1 out of 1 points

      Many children’s books, such as Charlotte’s Web, contain animals that speak and show
other human characteristics.  A technique in which  authors attribute human characteristics
to animals or inanimate objects is known as:
Answer
Correct    
Answer:   personification
 Question 40
1 out of 1 points

      After reading the novel Because of Winn-Dixie, a group of fifth-grade students collected

their favorite words and sentences from the novel and composed a poem.  Poems that are
made by culling words and sentences  from various sources are referred to as:
Answer
Correct    
Answer:   found poems
d)    
 CHAPTER 9
 Question 1
0 out of 1 points

How might teachers assess students' phonemic awareness?

Answer
Correct    
Answer: Teachers monitor students' learning as they participate in phonemic
awareness activities in the classroom
 Question 2
1 out of 1 points

In K-2, teachers regularly evaluate all but which of the following?

Answer
Correct    
Answer: letter formation
 Question 3
1 out of 1 points

When teachers use average numbers of syllables per 100 words to figure out the reading
level of a text, they are most likely using
Answer
Correct    
Answer: the Fry Readability Formula
 Question 4
1 out of 1 points

Which of the following is not a criteria used for leveling books according to the Fountas
and Pinnell method?
Answer
Correct    
Answer: word count
 Question 5
1 out of 1 points

An approach to matching students' reading levels to appropriate book levels is done by

administering the Scholastic Reading Inventory-a computerized reading test. What is
this method called?
Answer
Correct    
Answer: Lexile Framework
 Question 6
0 out of 1 points

Which of the following are two effective comprehension informal reading assessments?
Answer
Correct    
Answer: story retelling and cloze procedure
 Question 7
0 out of 1 points

Rubrics are used to assess students'

Answer
 Correct    
Answer: writing.
 Question 8
1 out of 1 points

Teachers monitor students' progress on a daily basis in all but which of the following
ways?
Answer
Correct    
Answer: All of these are part of an effective monitoring system.
 Question 9
0 out of 1 points

The purpose of assessment is

Answer
Correct    
Answer: to inform and influence instruction.
 Question 10
1 out of 1 points

Running records assess

Answer
Correct    
Answer: fluency and word identification.
 Question 11
1 out of 1 points

Who developed the CAP (Concepts About Print) test?

Answer
Correct    
Answer: Marie Clay
 Question 12
1 out of 1 points

Which items are assessed in a CAP text?

Answer
Correct    
Answer: book-orientation, directionality, and letter and word concepts
 Question 13
1 out of 1 points

What kind of conference occurs when a student and teacher discuss possible writing
topics?
Answer
Correct    
Answer: prewriting
 Question 14
0 out of 1 points

Ms. Nethaway listens to a student read aloud. The student is fairly fluent. However,
during an informal reading inventory, Ms. Nethaway notes that the student demonstrates
syntactic errors. Ms. Nethaway realizes that this student will likely have problems
 Answer
Correct    
Answer: comprehending.
 Question 15
1 out of 1 points

Miss Warbington takes observational notes and keeps checklists of what her students
say during grand and instructional conversations. She knows that this information can
help her assess her students'
Answer
Correct    
Answer: comprehension.
 Question 16
1 out of 1 points

Mr. Oppenheim writes brief notes as he observes his sixth-grade students. He describes
specific events and notes the questions students ask and the strategies and skills they are
applying. This type of assessment is called
Answer
Correct    
Answer: anecdotal notes
 Question 17
1 out of 1 points

Which of the following is NOT a useful guideline for assessment?

Answer
Correct    
Answer: Pick one type of assessment and stick with it.
 Question 18
0 out of 1 points

Which of the following is NOT an effective assessment tool for EL students?

Answer
Correct    
Answer: vocabulary tests
 Question 19
1 out of 1 points

      Running records are considered to be an authentic assessment because:

Answer
Correct    
Answer:  they use a student’s normal reading materials
d)    
 Question 20
1 out of 1 points

      The Concepts About Print Test (CAP Test) was developed by:
Answer
Correct    
Answer:   Marie Clay
 c)     
 Question 21
1 out of 1 points

      Traditional readability formulas usually determine the difficulty of a text based on:
Answer
Correct   
Answer: a)      word and sentence
length
b)      
 Question 22
1 out of 1 points

      A second grade teacher keeps folders with samples of her students’ writing and tapes of
their oral reading.  This teacher is developing:
Answer
Correct    
Answer:  portfolios
d)    
 Question 23
1 out of 1 points

Of the following, the best way to determine a student’s comprehension level is a(n):
Answer
Correct    
Answer: informal reading
    
inventory
c)     
 Question 24
1 out of 1 points

      Textbooks and trade books used in class with teacher guidance should be written at a
student’s:
Answer
Correct    
Answer:   instructional level
c)     
 Question 25
1 out of 1 points

      Six-year-old George read a page orally as his teacher listened and made check marks to
indicate the words he read correctly.  George’s teacher was conducting a:
Answer
Correct    
Answer:    running
record
 Question 26
1 out of 1 points

      Teachers often assess students’ comprehension by asking students to repeat a story in their
own words. This technique is known as:
Answer
 Correct    
Answer: retelling
 Question 27
1 out of 1 points

      Running records are best used to assess students’:

Answer
Correct    
Answer: reading fluency
 Question 28
1 out of 1 points

      Students reflect on their progress in reading and writing by using:

Answer
Correct    
Answer: portfolios
 Question 29
1 out of 1 points

      A kindergarten student has enrolled in a new school in the middle of the academic
year.  Her behavior during read aloud sessions and independent reading periods suggests
that she has had very little experience with books.  Which of the following would be the
most appropriate measure to determine this student’s understanding and experience with
books?
Answer
Correct    
Answer: Concepts About Print Test (CAP)
d)    
 Question 30
1 out of 1 points

      Students often make many errors as they read aloud.  The most serious errors are the
errors that:
Answer
Correct    
Answer: interfere with meaning
 Question 31
1 out of 1 points

      To test his students’ comprehension, a fourth grade teacher photocopied a selection from
the basal reader and deleted every 5 th word from the passage.  He then asked his students to
read the passage aloud to determine their ability to supply appropriate words for the
blanks.  This technique is known as:
Answer
Correct    
Answer: cloze
c)     
 Question 32
1 out of 1 points

      The Motivation to Read Profile and the Reader Self-Perception Scale are two instruments
that enable teachers to measure a student’s:
 Answer
Correct    
Answer: attitude toward reading
 Question 33
1 out of 1 points

Most teachers are required to assign grades for report cards.  Grades should be used to:
Answer
Correct    
Answer:  encourage students
c)     
 Question 34
1 out of 1 points

      Unit assignment sheets help students:

Answer
Correct   
Answer: a)      understand
expectations
b)     
 Question 35
1 out of 1 points

      Phonics instruction is usually:

Answer
Correct   
Answer: a)      completed in the primary
grades
b)    
 Question 36
1 out of 1 points

      Ten-year-old Nicole selected books to enjoy during her summer vacation at the
beach.  Books for recreational reading should be written at a child’s:
Answer
Correct   
Answer: a)      independent
level
b)    
 Question 37
1 out of 1 points

      Teachers gain the most useful diagnostic information by:

Answer
Correct    
Answer: listening to individual students read
 Question 38
0 out of 1 points

      Students who read fluently are better able to comprehend what they read primarily
because:
Answer
 Correct    
Answer:   they have more mental energy to focus on what they are reading
c)     
 Question 39
1 out of 1 points

      An informal reading inventory usually consists of:

Answer
Correct    
Answer: graded word lists, graded passages, and comprehension questions
 Question 40
1 out of 1 points

      Teachers take running records and categorize miscues according to:

Answer
Correct   
Answer: a)      semantic, graphophonic, and syntactic
cues
b)