Reduce workplace exposures – reduce health

hazards
oSubstitution
oAttenuation
oIsolation
oIntensification
oEnclosures
oLocalventilation
oWet methods
oGood housekeeping
oPPE
Use chemicals and equipment which are less
hazardous;
o Use solvents that are less toxic
o Use chemicals with higher flash points,
boiling points and other less hazardous
properties.
o Use water as a heat transfer fluid instead of
hot oil.
Use chemicals under conditions which make
them less hazardous;
o Reduce process T & P
o Refrigerate storage vessels
o Dissolve hazardous material in safe solvent
o Operate at conditions where reactor runaway
is not possible.
Isolate equipment and / or sources of hazard;
o Place control rooms away from operations
o Separate pump room from other rooms
o Barricade control rooms and tanks
Reduce quantity of chemical:
o Change from large batch reactor to smaller
continous reactor
o Reduce storage inventory of raw materials
Enclose room or equipment
o Enclose hazardous operations like sample
points
o Shield high T surfaces.
Design ventilation systems to control low level
toxics;
o Use properly designed hoods
o Use hoods for charging and discharging
Design ventilation systems to control low level
toxics;
o Design locker rooms with good ventilation
and special areas or enclosures for
contaminated clothing.
o Design ventilation to isolate operations from
rooms and offices.
Use wet methods to minimize contamination
with dusts;
o Clean areas frequently
o Use water sprays for cleaning
 Keep toxics and dusts contained:
o Provide lines for flushing and cleaning
o Provide well-designed sewer system with
emergency containment.
 Last line of defence:
o Use goggles and face shields
o Use approns, arm shield and space suits
o Wear appropriate respirators