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  • Stahl' Essential Psychopharmacology 274

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    Muhammad Azka
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    Major depressive disorder and bipolar disorder may become progressively worse over time if left untreated or undertreated. For major depressive disorder, this could mean more frequent episodes of depression with worse recovery between episodes, and may ultimately develop into a bipolar spectrum condition with treatment resistance. For bipolar disorder, a lack of treatment could lead to mixed episodes and dysphoric episodes, and eventually rapid cycling and difficulty treating the condition.

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    stahl' essential psychopharmacology 274

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    Major depressive disorder and bipolar disorder may become progressively worse over time if left untreated or undertreated. For major depressive disorder, this could mean more frequent episodes of depression with worse recovery between episodes, and may ultimately develop into a bipolar spectrum condition with treatment resistance. For bipolar disorder, a lack of treatment could lead to mixed episodes and dysphoric episodes, and eventually rapid cycling and difficulty treating the condition.

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    23 views1 page

    Stahl' Essential Psychopharmacology 274

    Uploaded by

    Muhammad Azka
    Major depressive disorder and bipolar disorder may become progressively worse over time if left untreated or undertreated. For major depressive disorder, this could mean more frequent episodes of depression with worse recovery between episodes, and may ultimately develop into a bipolar spectrum condition with treatment resistance. For bipolar disorder, a lack of treatment could lead to mixed episodes and dysphoric episodes, and eventually rapid cycling and difficulty treating the condition.

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    of 1

    Is Major Depressive Disorder Progressive?

    HYPOMANIA

    DYSTHYMIA

    recurrent bipolar treatment


    spectrum resistance
    poor inter-episode
    recovery

    Figure 6-23. Is major depressive disorder progressive? A currently unanswered question is whether mood disorders are progressive.
    Does undertreatment of unipolar depression, in which residual symptoms persist and relapses occur, lead to progressive worsening of illness,
    such as more frequent recurrences and poor inter-episode recovery? And can this ultimately progress to a bipolar spectrum condition and
    finally treatment resistance?

    Is Bipolar Disorder Progressive?

    HYPOMANIA

    DYSTHYMIA

    discrete manic rapid cycling


    and depressive mixed and and treatment
    episodes dysphoric resistance
    episodes

    Figure 6-24. Is bipolar disorder progressive? There is some concern that undertreatment of discrete manic and depressive episodes may
    progress to mixed and dysphoric episodes and finally to rapid cycling and treatment resistance.

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