ARON CORPUZ GOZUM GREGORIO TUCPI

Hypothesis Formulation
LEARNING COMPETENCIES (STEM_RP12-IIA-E-5)

Formulate possible outcomes of

the investigation, or in the case
of mathematics research,
conjectures about the
mathematical problem or topic.
INTRODUCTORY ACTIVITY

Mr. White
INTRODUCTORY ACTIVITY
▪ There are two words prepared by the reporters.
▪ Six volunteer students will go in front. Each of them will be given a
word, five (civilian) of the students must have the same words while
one (killer) of the student must have a different word from the
others.
▪ When all of the players have their own word, the game begins.
▪ Each round, the players must describe the word given to them and
when all of the players had described their words, they must vote Mr. White
to who must be let out of the game for they believe that he has the
different word.
▪ As the game goes on, the players must realize who among them
has the distinct word and they must be able to pin point that
person in order for them to win
▪ The audience will win if they will be able to guess the two words
before the killer gets out.
hypothesis
 According to Merriam Webster,
an assumption or concession made for the sake
of argument
an interpretation of a practical situation or
condition taken as the ground for action
a tentative assumption made in order to draw out
and test its logical or empirical consequences
 In science, a hypothesis is an idea or explanation that you
then test through study and experimentation. Outside
science, a theory or guess can also be called a hypothesis.
 A hypothesis is something more than a wild guess but less
than a well-established theory. In science, a hypothesis
needs to go through a lot of testing before it gets labeled a
theory.
 According to Kendra Cherry, a hypothesis is a tentative
statement about the relationship between two or
more variables. It is a specific, testable prediction about
what you expect to happen in a study.
 Helps us in the
direction of the
research
 Encourages
critical
approach
 Gives emphasis
FORMULATING HYPOTHESIS
 Make sure that the
hypothesis clearly defines
the topic and the focus of
the experiment.
 Follow this template: If
a specific action is
taken, then a certain
outcome is expected.
 In scientific experiments, a
hypothesis proposes and
examines the relationship
between an independent variable
and a dependent variable.
 WHAT IMPORTANT IS…
oto be precise about what one's
variables are
oWhat the nature of the relationship
between them might be
ohow one can go about conducting a
study of them
hypothesis
 The Alternative or Experimental Hypothesis reflects that
there will be an observed effect for the experiment.
 The Alternative Hypothesis is what we are attempting to
demonstrate in an indirect way by the use of our
hypothesis test.
 If the null hypothesis is rejected, then we accept the
alternative hypothesis. If the null hypothesis is not
rejected, then we do not accept the alternative
hypothesis.
 Null hypothesis is the proposition that there is no effect or
no relationship between phenomena or populations.
 It means that the sample relationship “occurred by
chance.”
 If the null hypothesis is true, any observed difference in
phenomena or populations would be due to sampling
error (random chance) or experimental error.
 The null hypothesis is useful because it can be tested
and found to be false, which then implies that there is a
relationship between the observed data.
ALTERNATIVE
 Application of bio-fertilizer
“x” will increase plant
growth.
 There is a relationship
between the number of lost
workdays and the number
of years of experience for
workers.
 The new drug being tested
lower bad cholesterol more
than the existing drug.
NULL
 Application of bio-fertilizer
“x” will not increase plant
growth.
 There is no relationship
between the number of lost
workdays and the number
of years of experience for
workers.
 The new drug being tested
does not lower bad
cholesterol more than the
existing drug.
ACTIVITY
 Students will be given 5 minutes to think of a research title. They will write the
research title in a ¼ sheet of paper. They will also write either null or
alternative hypothesis under the title. The paper must be submitted to the
reporters afterwards.
 All of the papers will be gathered in a container.
 The class will be divided into two groups who will compete against in the
Snakes and Ladder Game.
 Each round a representative of the group will come in front and the reporter
will draw a paper. The research title will be read aloud and the representative
must think of an alternative/ null hypothesis for the title. The representative
who will be able to answer first will have a chance to roll the dice and
advance in the Snakes and Ladders Game.
 The cycle continues until a group reach the finish line.
…
…
…
TRUE OR FALSE.
1. According to Merriam Webster Dictionary, hypothesis is a
tentative assumption made in order to draw out and test its
logical or empirical consequences.
2. Hypothesis do not literally gives us the direction of the
research.
3. A hypothesis needs to offer a clear introduction to a scientific
experiment, its intentions, and the possible outcomes.”
4. Hypothesis proposes and examines the relationship between
the independent variables alone.
CONSTRUCT AN ALTERNATIVE HYPOTHESIS AND NULL
HYPOTHESIS FOR THE FOLLOWING RESEARCH TITLES.
5–6: Phenolic compound in beans as protection against
mycotoxins by Telles, A. C., Kupski, L., & Furlong, E. B.
7–8: Obesity and the Obesity Paradox in Heart Failure by
Gupta, P. P., Fonarow, G. C., & Horwich, T.
9–10: DNA damage tolerance by recombination:
Molecular pathways and DNA structures by Branzei, D., &
Szakal, B.
1. True
2. False
3. True
4. False
5-10. Answers may vary