PAKISTAN

BY: WAQASAR MEHMOOD

Geography of Pakistan
 Geography of Pakistan

• The Islamic republic of Pakistan is situated

between 24.50 and 36.75 latitude north and
61 to 75.5 longitudes east
• country located in the mountainous region
adjoining central Asia and the middle east
• 796,096 sq km, Pakistan is the world’s 36th
largest country
 Neighboring countries

• Afghanistan
• Iran
• China
• India
• up to about 6,774 km (4,334.1 mi) in length
land bordered and coastline is about 1046 km
 Neighboring Countries
Afghanistan

• To the west of Pakistan

• has deep historical and geographical ties with Pakistan
• linked together in religious, racial and cultural bounds
• Bordered is 2250 Km long , fixed in 1893 by British
government ,called DURAND LINE
 Islamic Republic of Iran
• To south west
• brotherly relations
• Both country cooperate in defense and economic
• The boundary with Iran is 912 km (566.7 mi) fix In
1957
 Republic of china
• To the north of Pakistan
• Friendly relations
• Silk road is constructed to strengthen the relation
• Border is 510 km (316.9 mi). was decided 03-03-
1963
• To the west of china boundary meets with
Afghanistan's area at ‘wakhan’ which
separates Pakistan and the Muslim republic of
Tajikistan.
 India
• to the east of Pakistan
• the relations between the two are not cordial
• injustice in partition creates tension about states of
Jammu & Kashmir
• Boundary is 2912 kilometers long and not straight
and natural
 Arabian sea

• To the south of Pakistan

• coastline is 1046 km long
• links Pakistan with the Arab countries and
international politics
 Climate
• Pakistan has four seasons:
- a cool, dry winter from December through
February;
- a hot, dry spring from March through May
- the summer rainy season, or southwest
monsoon period, from June through September;
- the retreating monsoon period of October and
November.

Rainfall can vary radically from year to year, and

successive patterns of flooding and drought are
also not uncommon
Geo-Political Importance
of Pakistan
 Geo-Political Importance

• Pakistan enjoys immense importance in the

community of nations because of its geographical
location. Some of its aspects are given below:

• A Protagonist of the Unity of Muslim Ummah

• A Check to Russian Expansionism
• Oil Politics and Pakistan
• Israeli Aggression and Pakistan
• Indian Designs and Pakistan
 Geo-Political Importance
• A Protagonist of the Unity of Muslim Ummah:
Geographically, Pakistan is situated at the centre
of the Islamic countries of Africa and Asia. It is
linked to these Muslim states through land and
sea routes and thus not only its ideological
background, but its geographical centrality
necessities that it supports the unity of Muslim
world. Prior to the cessation of East Pakistan, it
was the largest Islamic state and naturally was in
the vanguard of the movement for Islamic unity.
Even afterwards, it actively works for the mutual
alliance and unity of the Muslims.
 Geo-Political Importance
• A Check to Russian Expansionism:
• To the north of Pakistan is Russia which for
centuries has planned to penetrate towards the
south in search of warm waters. The invasion of
Afghanistan by Russian forces was a part of this
plan. However, Pakistan due to religious and
cultural bonds with Afghan people gave its full
support and thus frustrated the Russian designs.
In this way, Pakistan for quite half a century has
posed a great obstacle in the way of Russian
expansionism.
 Geo-Political Importance
• Oil Politics and Pakistan:
• The Middle East has attracted the whole world
because of its wealth of oil resources. The Gulf
War has shown the importance of this region.
Pakistan is Adjacent to Middle East and its
closeness with Persian Gulf and Arabian Sea has
worked to enhance its significance. During the
Cold War, this played a significant part in Western
block’s help to Pakistan as West feared Russian
penetration in Middle East.
 Geo-Political Importance
• Israeli Aggression and Pakistan:
• Due to the spiritual and geographical closeness of
Pakistan with Islamic countries, Pakistan provides
services of its army officers to these brotherly
countries. She also gives education of
engineering, medicine and military training to the
Arabs. In this way, Pakistan has played a
significant role in protecting Arab countries from
Israeli aggression.
 Geo-Political Importance
• Indian Designs and Pakistan:
• India dreams of becoming a mini-super power
of the region but she is afraid of Pakistan. That
is the reason that the other countries of South
Asia (Srilanka and Bangladesh etc.) feel a little
secured and India is forced to give them their
due status in SAARC.
 Front Line country in war against
Terrorism
• Front Line country in war against Terrorism:
The western world is now a day is frightened
by terrorism. They have branded Al-Qaida and
Taliban as the champions of terrorism and
they have waged a war against these forces.
This war could not succeed without the
cooperation of Pakistan.
Thank You All