Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Tutorial 12 With Answers
Tutorial 12 With Answers
Tutorial 12 With Answers
Tutorial 12 Week 12
*1. Consider an economy where Consumption is $100, Investment is $30, Saving is $40,
Government spending is $20, Exports are $40, and Imports are $30. What is GDP in this
economy?
GDP = C + I + G + X – M = 100 + 30 + 20 + 40 – 30 = 160
*2. In this and following questions you will calculate contributions of different components of
Aggregate Expenditure to Australian economic growth in the years following the onset of the
Global Financial Crisis (GFC) in September 2008. The following data was constructed from our
National Accounts. [Do not worry that the components do not quite add up to GDP – this is
due to a “statistical discrepancy”]. Think of all entries as quantities [they are “real” values ‐
the data has been adjusted so that the price of each of these items is always 1].
C I G X ‐M GDP
Year to Sept 2008 755.9 297.2 306.4 253.7 ‐ 261.2 1,356.0
Year to Sept 2009 756.3 278.0 315.5 257.6 ‐ 235.9 1,375.4
Year to Sept 2010 778.5 284.8 336.9 272.5 ‐ 267.9 1,406.1
Year to Sept 2011 806.0 316.6 339.2 272.9 ‐ 296.9 1,441.2
Year to Sept 2012 825.4 357.3 348.0 289.2 ‐ 320.8 1,496.1
Year to Sept 2013 840.2 352.8 347.2 306.5 ‐ 320.1 1,527.5
Year to Sept 2014 859.5 343.8 352.5 325.9 ‐ 314.0 1,569.3
You may use a spreadsheet for this exercise, though you do not need to.
(a) Calculate the rate of GDP growth in each year starting with the year to September
2009.
GDP in Year "t"
GDP Growth in Year "t" = 1
GDP in Year "t-1"
Expressed in percentage terms, the results are:
Year to Sept 2009 1.4%
Year to Sept 2010 2.2%
Year to Sept 2011 2.5%
Year to Sept 2012 3.8%
Year to Sept 2013 2.1%
Year to Sept 2014 2.7%
(b) Now we are going to calculate the different contributions to growth in the short term.
We will start with private consumption expenditure (C); the contribution of private
consumption (C) to growth in the year to September 2009 in “percentage points” is
given by the following formula: