MOTORCYCLE HEADLIGHT DESIGN FOR CLEAR

VISIBILITY & COMORT RIDING

Prashanth K P1, Prajwal M2, Deepak J3
1, 2, 3
Department of Automobile Engineering,

Acharya Institute of Technology, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India.

Abstract

A traditional bike headlight can offer two working modes, namely: Low-beam mode and a High-beam mode
However, in some driving situations, the motorcycle headlight fails to offer appropriate and enough avenue
illumination. For example, the headlight all through the night time travel performs a main role. While riding
there can be an anxious scenario because of the headlight lamp cognizance from the opposite car. It can also
reason transient blindness that ends in collision or sometimes it is able to cause physical trauma. When the
motorcycle has a rearward shifted centre of gravity or has an upward willing the front cease when bumping
along a hard street. Or passes through a curved avenue, light beams from the motorbike headlight won't be able
to fully assign and remove darkness from the street to thereby reason of risk in riding motorcycle will occur.
Therefore, there are growing demands for a street adaptive bike headlight, which is likewise referred to as a
complicated motorcycle headlight. A stepped forward headlight beam placing is designed with the assist of
Solid edge V-20 software and sheet metallic.

Keywords--Headlight, High-beam light, Illumination, Low-beam light

1. Introduction

A road adaptive bike headlight, also known as a complicated bike headlight, is increasingly needed. High beam
from the headlight causes a risky situation during night time. It causes brief blindness for the drivers that can
lead to collision or now and again it may lead to coincidence. Pedestrian crossing the street may get harm.
Almost 30% of injuries going on because of headlight blaze. When enough streetlights are available, there may
be no need of headlight beam with such excessive depth. So therefore, this project helps to adjust the headlight
by a Telescopic projectile headlight which are vehicle portable headlight, in which customers can adjust the
headlight consciousness by using electrical switches. When a glass piece or certain visible substance takes the
desired shape, identical incident rays might either converge to a point yet seem to diverge from one end. The
lens is recognized as a glass piece with such a shape. A lens is a simple piece of opaque fabric properly
grounded or melted that refracts milder radiation in the form of an image. Lens may be a series of any prisms

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that refract mildly and each one provides an image of its own. When these prisms act collectively, they produce
a bright image at a point of view.

2. Background Study

One of the options to be had is designing and manufacturing steering-controlled headlight machine. Car
protection is preventing vehicle injuries or mitigating the harmful results of accidents as they relate to human
lifestyles and fitness. More exactly, this device is always linked to a headlight configuration that is operationally
related to the guidance and front wheel meeting of an automobile that may be managed to preserve the
headlights and front wheels pointed inside the equal direction.[1]

The requiredtilted of front light for cars to illuminate avenue in advance inside the night time at comer. AFS
(adaptive front lighting gadget) used to hit upon records approximately corner in advance with assist of sensor
which discover the information send it to motor to regulate headlamp to get the lighting beam which became
suitable for the corner. [2]

A new automobile headlamp device the use of a projection lens has been evolved in Europe and given the
designation PES. For complete accommodation of the needs that stand up while using, basic situations need to
be taken into consideration [3] within the improvement of the PES headlamp.
Low optical efficiency of mild-emitting diode (LED) based totally headlamp is one of the crucial issues to
summary applications of LED in headlamp [4]. Monte Carlo ray tracing simulation outcomes exhibit that the
LED headlamp with those two lenses can fully follow the ECE law without any other lens or reflector.

A nicely designed headlamp for a vehicle lighting system is very essential since it offers drivers with
comfortable and safe night-time driving conditions or in dark places. The proposed headlamp projector system
has the simplest five LED headlamp modules with both the improvement of the number of LED headlights. The
low-beam cut off now doesn’t seem easy without a safe, but also meets the needs of the ECE R12 regulation [5].
A prototype is then assembled and generated to create the perfect light-sample for the LED vehicle projector
headlights system.

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3. Comparison between LED & HID bulbs

Table- I: Difference between LED and HID Bulbs

LED Bulbs High-Intensity Discharge Bulbs

It requires less components and simple in design. It is very complex in design as it requires more components
and power.

To glow a LED bulb 9 volts is enough. To glow the HID bulb a component called igniter produces as
much as 25000 volts.

In LED bulbs a diode driver is kept for the supply In HID bulbs HID ballasts is kept maintaining constant
of current. voltage after light glowing by which it maintains about 45 to
85 volts.

Fig. 1. Vision of the HID & LED bulb

The above photograph demonstrates a clear benefit of LED headlight bulbs. The example is the use of the
headlights of an Infiniti G35. From the manufacturing facility it’s ready with HID low beams and high beams.
In this example, I’ve swapped one of the HID bulbs for a LED bulb.

The Light depth is quite susceptible for the HID, whilst the LED bulbs have a very tightly focused, targeted
beam proper close to the centre, with a robust curved beam emanating from the centre.

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 Fig. 2. Chromaticity diagram

The above diagram is of chromaticity diagram where the monochromatic colours are located at perimeter.
Colour saturation decreases towards the centre of the diagram. White light is located in the centre. The equal
energy point is located at the centre and has the coordinates ( x, y ) = (1/3, 1/3). Also, the colour is higher at the
Kelvin scale, coming in right round a 6000K colour, even as the HIDs are toward 5000K, and so. Headlights
whose mild output most intently fits the colour temperature of the sun tend to be the simplest for the human eye.
The sun’s shade temperature at noon is 5500K – 6000K.

4. Graphs of LED & HID bulbs

4.1. LED bulb

Fig. 3. Output source from LED Bulb

LED headlight bulbs, at the other hand, provide maximum light output as soon as you turn them on. There's no
need for spark or warm But as your LED headlights warm up, some light output will be lost. Just about 85 % of

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their maximum brightness will drop the best LED headlights. However, cheaper LED headlight bulbs without
sufficient thermal management can drop to as little as 50% of their initial light output. This is why it’s vital to
buy LED headlight bulbs that can cool themselves properly.

4.2 High-Intensity bulb

Despite claims from recent "easy use" systems, it takes a few seconds for HID headlights to completely turn on.
This is because the electrical arc must be ignited first, then the ballast must add voltage gradually until the arc
reaches the required level of power. Even the newest HID kits cannot turn on automatically at full power, there
is always a lag with HID.

Fig. 4. Output source from High-Intensity Bulb

However, once HID headlights are fully warmed up, they will remain at 100% brightness until they’re turned
off.

5. Experimentation

5.1 Headlight beam 1st part

Headlight beam designed in two components, first part is a slider which slides on 2nd part with the help of rack
and pinion mechanism. This part additionally includes servo motor and light. Headlight beam first part is a slide
which includes rack in this headlight beam concave lens 75 mm equipped inside the front component, has a
shape of a cone. The isometric view of a headlight beams first part: (a) Bottom left view. (b) Bottom view. (e)
Bottom tight view. (d) Side left view. (e) Side view. (f) Side right view. (g) Top right view. h) Top view, (i) Top
left view.

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 Fig. 5. Isometric view of a headlight beams 1st part.
5.2 Headlight beam 2nd part

The second part of the headlight beam is a holder for the first part's slider mechanism, this part consists of servo
motor with pinion and it has convex lens in the front and at the rear a light source is connected. This part is also
mounted in front of the bike where headlight beam is present. This is the isometric view of second part: (a)
Bottom left view. (b) Bottom view. (c) Bottom right view. (d) Side left view. (e) Side view. (f) Side right view.
(g) Top right view. (h) Top view. (i) Top left view.

Fig. 6. Isometric view of a headlight beams 2ndpart.

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 Fig. 7. Variation in the modified headlight.
The current market headlights have aproblem with the range of the headlight beam traveling distance. When the
HID bulbs life span gets shortened to reduce these types of problems a particular sheet metal design for low and
high beam light were designed and experimented as shown in above figure.

Fig. 8. Implementation of modified headlight with high and low beam.

As shown in figure 7 these headlight and indicators are implemented in the bike where it is an actual display of
beams intensity range can be extended. In the figure 8 the implemented intensity can be known by this prototype
experimentation.

6. Basic formula for distance travelled of light beam after the modification

For headlight spotlight, used two types of lenses. One headlight has a convex lens with a focal length of 100 mm
and a diameter of 50 mm, while the other has a concave lens with a diameter of 150 mm and 75 mm. To get a
big beam light, we must transfer the concave lens across the nodal length of the convex lens.

To find Traveling length:

(“Equation 1. Formula for traveling length”)

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Where,

Sx = 50 mm diameter of the convex lens

Ff = 100 mm focal length of the concave lens

Sy = 75 mm diameter of the convex lens

Ds = Traveling length (150mm)

7. Conclusion

By the advance light setting the rider can get desirable focus by which he can get clear visibility and
comfortable riding. When setting the light ahead, the driver can get a favourable emphasis with which to achieve
clear views and relaxed travelling. The driver can get a beneficial emphasis when setting the light ahead in order
to attend varying views and laid-back travel. Comparisons have been made among bulb sorts and LED lighting
are 80% greater power efficient than incandescent bulbs. LED bulbs are also greater electricity efficient bulbs.
An LED bulb makes use of handiest 10 watts and yields the same lumens as an incandescent bulb that makes
use of 60 watts of energy. The LED bulbs don't produce a lot of heat, so it won't affect the vehicle parts inside
the headlight. The LED lights are not physically disruptive to the opponent riders and it will also be the shortest
distance to travel.

8. Acknowledgement

This work would not have been possible without the support of many individuals and organizations. Hence, we
would like to extend our sincere gratitude to all of them. We would like to express our sincere thanks to our
project guide and Head of Department Dr. Prashanth K P who devoted his time and knowledge in the
implementation of this project. We convey our gratefulness to our project coordinators and faculties of
Department for their insightful comments and constructive suggestions to improve the quality of this work. We
express our thankfulness to our families and colleagues for their kind co-operation and encouragement which
help us in completion of this work. Also, we would like to thank Chairman Mr. Premnath Reddy and Principal,
Acharya Institute of Technology, Bangalore for their support.

9. References

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