Current Affairs PDF - January 1 15 2020 PDF

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Current Affairs [PDF] - January 1-15, 2020
Suha Raffi | suha.raffi@gmail.com |
Contents
......................... .. .. .. .... . ...................................................................
News Headlines: January 1-15, 2020 .......................................................................................................................................................... 3
Current Affairs – News Headlines: January 1, 2020 ...................................................................................................................... 3
Current Affairs – News Headlines: January 2, 2020 ..................................................................................................................... 3
Current Affairs – News Headlines: January 10, 2020 ................................................................................................................. 10
Current Affairs – News Headlines: January 11, 2020 ................................................................................................................... 11
Current Affairs – News Headlines: January 12, 2020 .................................................................................................................. 12
Current Affairs – News Headlines: January 14, 2020 ................................................................................................................. 14
January 1, 2020 ............................................................................................................................................................................................. 15
Finance Minister announces 102 lakh crore rupees project ........................................................................................................ 15
Report of Task Force on National Infrastructure Pipeline released .......................................................................................... 16
Rabi Crop Sowing increase by 36 lakh hectares ........................................................................................................................... 17
Results of Swachh Survekshan League, 2020 released ............................................................................................................... 17
Kerala: the first state to pass anti-CAA resolution ........................................................................................................................ 17
PM Modi to release third instalment of Kisan Samman Nidhi ................................................................................................... 18
RPF renamed as Indian Railways Protection Force Service; Railway prices hiked ................................................................. 18
List of Nuclear Installations exchanged between India and Pakistan ........................................................................................ 19
India will overtake Germany; Become 4th largest economy in the world in 2026 .............................................................. 19
10,000 cameras to be used in Gujarat Lion Census, 2020 ........................................................................................................ 20
UNICEF Report: More than 1,70,000 violations against Children ........................................................................................... 20
January 2, 2020 ............................................................................................................................................................................................ 20
PM Modi: 5 DRDO laboratories dedicated to nation .................................................................................................................. 20
Election Commission launches PPRTMS-an online system ......................................................................................................... 21
RBI launches MANI application for visually challenged ............................................................................................................... 21
Andhra Pradesh Government plans to deliver sand at door steps ............................................................................................ 22
Lists of Civilian prisoners and fishermen exchanged between India and Pakistan ................................................................ 22
Guru Gobind Singh Birth anniversary Celebrated ........................................................................................................................ 23
Sale of Darjeeling Tea affected by illegal influx of Nepal Tea ................................................................................................... 23
GoI misses its disinvestment target .................................................................................................................................................. 23
NITI Aayog: Link private medical colleges with district hospitals ............................................................................................ 24
Indian Science Congress to begin at Bengaluru ............................................................................................................................ 24
January 3, 2020 ............................................................................................................................................................................................ 25
2020 Designated as “Year of Nurse and Midwife” ..................................................................................................................... 25
India to set strict restrictions on non-essential imports from China ......................................................................................... 25
Palau first country to ban sunscreen to protect Coral Reefs ...................................................................................................... 26
World Book Fair, 2020 at New Delhi ............................................................................................................................................. 26
Khelo India Youth Games to be held in Guwahati ....................................................................................................................... 27
PM Modi pays tribute to Savitribai Phule on her birthday ......................................................................................................... 27
Farmer Suicide: Steep rise in Maharashtra; highest in 4 years .................................................................................................. 27
Ministry of External Affairs creates “NEST” to increase investment coordination ............................................................... 28
First Silk Processing plant in Gujarat to boost “PATOLA SAREE” production .................................................................... 28
2636 EV Charging Stations sanctioned under Phase II FAME India ....................................................................................... 29
January 4, 2020 ........................................................................................................................................................................................... 29
171 Hospitals de-empanelled under Ayushman Bharat Scheme ............................................................................................... 29
US army kills Iranian Commander Soleimani: India’s Concerns ............................................................................................... 30
India’s Foreign Exchange touches all time high of 457.468 billion USD ............................................................................... 30
January 4: World Braille Day .............................................................................................................................................................. 31
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Government ................................................................................................. 31
Lai Haraoba Festival begins in Tripura ............................................................................................................................................ 32
Vertical Farming: A silent Revolution in Agriculture .................................................................................................................... 32
FSI: 21.4% of forest cover prone to forest fires ............................................................................................................................ 33
January 5, 2020 ............................................................................................................................................................................................ 33
NHRC issues notice to Rajasthan Government ............................................................................................................................. 33
I-Stem portal; DRDO Science Expo launched at the Indian Science congress ...................................................................... 33
Project NETRA: ISRO Signs pact to set up optical Telescope .................................................................................................. 34
Turtle Rehab Centre in Bihar-First of its kind .............................................................................................................................. 34
Odisha’s Bhitarkanika National Park Census: Increase in Salt Water Crocodiles .................................................................. 35
National Pension Scheme for traders: Not successful as expected ........................................................................................... 35
APEDA: Eight States finalise Agricultural Action Plan to boost Exports ................................................................................. 36
January 6, 2020 ........................................................................................................................................................................................... 36
GoI to confer first “Antarrashtriya Yoga Diwas Media Samman” ........................................................................................... 36
MECOS-3, 2020: Global Marine Ecosystem Meet in Kochi ..................................................................................................... 36
India Russia to sign MoUs on AK-203 assault rifles .................................................................................................................... 37
India’s UJALA Programme completes 5 successful years ........................................................................................................... 37
Iran withdraws from the JCPOA deal completely ........................................................................................................................ 38
AI powered National Stock Exchange Knowledge Hub inaugurated in New Delhi ............................................................ 38
BEE sets new standards for ACs: Default temperature set to 24 Degree Celsius ................................................................. 38
ICMR releases report on Sugar Intake of India, Report first of its kind ................................................................................. 39
Global Drosophila Conference held at Pune .................................................................................................................................. 39
January 7, 2020 ........................................................................................................................................................................................... 40
2020 observed as Year of Mobility by CISF ................................................................................................................................. 40
Zo Kutpui Festival organised in Mizoram ...................................................................................................................................... 40
ISRO launches Massive Human Space Flight Centre in Challakere, Karnataka ..................................................................... 41
Yoga Science Meet, Farmers Science Congress held at Indian Science Congress in Bengaluru ........................................ 41
Oman ships arrive to participate in Indo-Oman bilateral Naval Exercise “Naseem Al-Bahr” ............................................ 42
Centre approves disaster relief fund to seven states .................................................................................................................... 42
IDRSS: ISRO new satellite to help Gaganyaan crew ................................................................................................................... 43
IMD’s State of Climate Report: 2019 the seventh warmest year since 1901 ......................................................................... 43
GoI releases First Advance Estimates: GDP Growth Rate predicted as 5% ........................................................................... 44
World Bank Study: Effect of Automation on FDI flows ............................................................................................................. 44
January 8, 2020 ........................................................................................................................................................................................... 44
Second National GST Conference of Central and State Tax Commissioners held .............................................................. 45
UIDAI’s 10-year success-The State of Aadhaar Report .............................................................................................................. 45
NITI Aayog: List of high export potential medical devices created .......................................................................................... 45
Indian Army begins work on GOCO Model ................................................................................................................................ 46
LIGO: Second Merger of Neutron Stars detected ....................................................................................................................... 46
Cabinet approves North East Natural Gas Pipeline Grid ............................................................................................................ 47
Cabinet approves India-Mongolia Agreement on exploration of outer space ....................................................................... 47
Cabinet approves India’s MoUs with UK, Sweden and BMGF ................................................................................................. 48
January 9, 2020 ........................................................................................................................................................................................... 48
CCI report on E-Commerce Market of India ............................................................................................................................... 48
Indian Pompano fish cultivation-First Scientific Experiment ...................................................................................................... 49
World Bank’s Global Economic Prospect: World Economic Growth projected at 2.5% .................................................... 49
The Pulses Conclave 2020 to be held in Lonavala, Maharashtra ............................................................................................. 49
Railways: First Solar Power and plans to Link J&K with rest of India ..................................................................................... 50
Milan 2020: Indian Navy to host multi-nation military drill ...................................................................................................... 50
Nirbhaya funds: IP based video surveillance in railways & Fast Track Courts ........................................................................ 51
January 10, 2020 ........................................................................................................................................................................................... 51
GoI releases Year End Review report of Energy Sector in the Country ................................................................................... 51
India-Germany sign MoU on Zero Budget Natural Farming .................................................................................................... 52
January 9: Pravasi Bharatiya Divas ................................................................................................................................................... 52
Supreme Court: Access to Internet-a fundamental right ............................................................................................................ 53
Four Colonial structures re-dedicated to Kolkata ......................................................................................................................... 53
Amma Vodi scheme launched in Andhra Pradesh ....................................................................................................................... 54
IEA launches India’s Energy Policy Report ..................................................................................................................................... 54

Gujarat to import water soluble fertilizers fromSuha ChinaRaffi | suha.raffi@gmail.com |

............................................................................................................... 54
January 10: World Hindi Day ............................................................................................................................................................. 55
India deploys INS Vikramaditya amidst Sea Guardians-The China-Pakistan naval drill ...................................................... 55
January 11, 2020 ........................................................................................................................................................................................... 56
State Energy Efficiency Index released by GoI .............................................................................................................................. 56
India erects “steel fence” across Pakistan, Bangladesh border .................................................................................................. 56
GoI to launch Purvodaya to accelerate Eastern India Development ......................................................................................... 57
GoI established I4C and a portal to deal cyber crimes ............................................................................................................... 57
Corona Virus: A new stain of virus found in China ..................................................................................................................... 58
India attends Hormuz Peace Initiative ............................................................................................................................................. 58
January 12, 2020 .......................................................................................................................................................................................... 58
“Cyber AASHVAST” Cyber Crime Prevention Unit launched in Gandhinagar, Gujarat .................................................... 58
LCA Tejas: The First Indigenous Aircraft to make an arrested Landing ................................................................................ 59
Raisina Dialogue to be held New Delhi .......................................................................................................................................... 59
January 12: National Youth Day ....................................................................................................................................................... 60
Ordinance promulgated to amend coal mining laws ................................................................................................................... 60
Commemorative stamps released on 150th celebrations of Kolkata Port Trust .................................................................... 61
January 13, 2020 ........................................................................................................................................................................................... 61
200 fighter jets to be acquired by Indian Air Force ..................................................................................................................... 61
Report says STEM jobs raising in India .......................................................................................................................................... 62
World Future Energy Summit and CLIX to be held at Abu Dhabi .......................................................................................... 62
Shopper Malware: 14% Indians affected ........................................................................................................................................ 63
NIIT to be a part of NEAT programme ......................................................................................................................................... 63
Australian Koalas become endangered in bush fires .................................................................................................................... 63
ISRO to launch GSAT-30 satellite ................................................................................................................................................... 64
GoI: 6th Island Development Agency meeting held in New Delhi .......................................................................................... 64
January 14, 2020 .......................................................................................................................................................................................... 65
Statue of Unity included in 8 Wonders of SCO; SCO heads meet: first time in India ......................................................... 65
January 14: Armed Forces Veterans Day ........................................................................................................................................ 65
Regulations of Drones in India hastened ........................................................................................................................................ 66
Fuel Upgradation for Indian Navy ................................................................................................................................................... 66
Retail Inflation at 5-year high of 7.35% in December, 2019 .................................................................................................... 67
MoU between Railways and SBI for door step banking ............................................................................................................. 67
Indian Railways: MoU with RailTel; Content on Demand Services to raise non-fare revenue .......................................... 68
Muppavarapu Venkaiah Naidu National Award to Prof M S Swaminathan .......................................................................... 68
January 15: IMD Foundation Day .................................................................................................................................................... 69
January 15, 2020 .......................................................................................................................................................................................... 69
National Draft Policy on Rare Diseases .......................................................................................................................................... 69
Annual Status of Education Report 2019 ....................................................................................................................................... 70
WHO releases Global Health Challenges for 2020 ..................................................................................................................... 70
New Rules to sell hallmarked gold Artifacts ................................................................................................................................... 71
GoI launches Saksham, a mega campaign on fuel conservation ............................................................................................... 71
First digital exhibition on Indian Heritage inaugurated ............................................................................................................... 72
Multiple Choice Questions ......................................................................................................................................................................... 72

News Headlines: January 1-15, 2020
Current Affairs – News Headlines: January 1, 2020
Swachh Survekshan League 2020
Union Minister for Housing and Urban Affairs, Hardeep Singh Puri announced the results of Swachh
Survekshan League 2020 for first and second Quarters
In the 10 lakhs plus population category, Indore (MP) secured first place in both the quarters
In one lakh to 10 lakh population category, Jamshedpur in Jharkhand got the first spot in both
quarters
India
Flight Information system (FIS) Dornier aircraft formally inducted into No 41 Squadron, the ‘Otters’, at
Air Force Station Palam
Kerala Assembly passes resolution demanding scrapping of the Citizenship Amendment Act
Jammu & Kashmir administration announces abolition of toll posts from January 1, 2020
Delhi: Pragati Maidan metro station renamed as Supreme Court station
RPF (Railway Protection Force) renamed as Indian Railway Protection Force Service
ITBP Director General SS Deswal to hold additional charge of the CRPF DG following retirement of
CRPF DG RR Bhatnagar
Noted social activist and former Rajya Sabha member from Odisha, Alajangi Viswanath Swamy, dies
at 91
Economy & Corporate
Finance Minister announces the launch of Rs 102 lakh crore National Infrastructure Pipeline (NIP) to
help make India a $5 trillion economy by 2025.
keeps interest rates on small savings schemes unchanged for the fourth quarter of 2019-20
Current account deficit (CAD) declines to 1.5% of GDP in first half of 2019-2020; was 2.6% in the
corresponding period in 2018-19
Output of eight core infrastructure industries contracts for the 4th consecutive month in November by
1.5%
India likely to surpass Germany to become the fourth-largest economy behind US, China and Japan in
2026: UK-based Centre for Economics and Business Research (CEBR)
K. Yadav retained as the Chairman of Railway Board for a period of one year
Reliance Industries Limited launches its online food and grocery selling venture named JioMart
World
Taiwan’s legislature passes the Anti-Infiltration Law aimed at blocking political interference from
China
Veteran actor-comedian Eddie Murphy wins Lifetime Achievement honour at the 25th Critics’ Choice
Awards (CCA) US
Britain’s Prince William launches Earthshot Prize to encourage solutions to tackling climate change
Sonny Mehta, visionary head of publishing company Alfred A. Knopf, dies at 77 in US
Sports
World Rapid and Blitz Chess Championships in Moscow: Kateryna Lagno (women’s) of Russia and
Norway’s Magnus Carlson (men’s) win titles
India
General Bipin Rawat takes charge as India’s first Chief of Defence Staff (CDS); demitted the office of
Army Chief on Dec 31

EC launches online Political Parties Registration Tracking Management System (PPRTMS) to allow
political parties track status of their applications for registration
National Green Corps scheme revived in J&K, seeks to provide financial assistance to Eco Clubs of
registered schools
2020 to be observed as Susashan Sankalp Varsh: Haryana CM Manohar Lal Khattar
Major Anoop Mishra felicitated with the Army Design Bureau (ADB) excellence award for developing
Sarvatra bulletproof jacket
Veteran Political cartoonist Vikas Sabnis passes away in Mumbai at 69
National Tribal Dance Festival organised in Raipur, Chhattisgarh from December 27 to 30
UP State Road Transport Corporation (UPSRTC) launches dedicated helpline, ‘Damini’ for women’s
safety
Odisha’s Dhanu Yatra, known as world’s largest open-air theatre festival, being held in Bargarh town
from Dec 31 to Jan 10
Railway Fare Hike
Indian Railways announced fare hike across its network, excluding suburban trains, effective from
January 1, 2020.
While suburban fares remain unchanged, ordinary non-AC, non-suburban fares hiked by 1 paise per
km of journey.
The hike will be two paise/km in fares of mail/express non-AC classes
The hike will be four paise/km hike in AC classes
Economy & Corporate
RBI launches ‘MANI’ (Mobile Aided Note Identifier) app to help visually challenged persons to identify
denomination of notes
Finance Minister launches ‘eBkray’ platform to enable online auction of attached assets by banks
appoints lawyer Rohan Shah as India’s Representative and Governor on the board of Economic
Research Institute for ASEAN and East Asia (ERIA)
Vinod Kumar Yadav assumes charge as Chairman, Railway Board on reappointment for a period of
one year
BHEL commissions India’s first lignite-based 500 MW thermal unit at Neyveli in Cuddalore district of
Tamil Nadu
28 Unique Identification Authority of India (UIDAI)-run Aadhaar Seva Kendras operational across the
country
RBI appoints J&K Bank as lead banking convenor for J&K, SBI for Ladakh
World
Opposition leader Umaro Sissoco Embalo wins presidential election in Guinea-Bissau
UN declares Pakistani Nobel Peace laureate Malala Yousafzai as ‘the most famous teenager in the
world’ in its ‘Decade in review’ report
NASA astronaut Christina Koch creates record for longest single spaceflight by a woman; is at the
International Space Station since March 14, 2019
Mastercard acquires cyber-security solutions provider RiskRecon
India
PM dedicates five Young Scientists Laboratories of DRDO at Bengaluru, Kolkata, Chennai, Hyderabad
and Mumbai to the nation
14 scientists awarded Swarna Jayanti Fellowships for 2018-19 by the Ministry of Science &
Technology
Nagpur: Home Minister Amit Shah opens new campus of National Fire Service College (NFSC); lays
foundation of National Disaster Response Force (NDRF) Academy
Home Minister Amit Shah announces launch of Subhash Chandra Bose Award in the field of Disaster
Management
India’s second spaceport after Sriharikota in Andhra Pradesh will be set up in Thoothukudi district of
Tamil Nadu: ISRO
AIIMS, New Delhi Professor Suresh Chandra Sharma appointed as the first Chairman of National
Medical Commission
Senior Nationalist Congress Party (NCP) leader D. P. Tripathi dies in New Delhi at 67
Indian Railways announces integrated helpline number 139 for passengers
World Book Fair
28th edition of the New Delhi World Book Fair to be held at Pragati Maidan in New Delhi from January
4 to 12
The fair, organised by National Book Trust (NBT) in association with ITPO, will focus on how
Mahatma Gandhi influenced generations of writers through his writings.
FDI In H1 Of 2019-20
Data on foreign direct equity investments (FDI) released by the Department for Promotion of Industry
and Internal Trade (DPIIT) on December 31, 2019.
FDI rose 15% in the April-September period of 2019-20 to $26.09 billion, up from the $22.66 billion
received in the corresponding period of 2018-19
Services sector — encompassing financial, banking, insurance, outsourcing, among other industries —
was the highest recipient of FDI at $4.4 billion
Singapore was the largest source of FDI for India accounting for around $8 billion
Bharat Bond ETF
The units of the Bharat Bond Exchange Traded Fund (ETF) issued by Edelweiss Asset Management
got listed on NSE
The issue of ETF, which was open from December 12 to 20, saw an oversubscription of 1.7 times,
garnering Rs 12,000 crore
The ETF will invest only in AAA-rated bonds of public sector companies
Economy & Corporate
The government awards ONGC all seven oil and gas blocks that were on offer in the fourth round of
Open Acreage Licensing Policy (OALP)
PM Modi releases third instalment of Rs 2000 to 6 crore beneficiaries under PM KISAN (Pradhan
Mantri Kisan Samman Nidhi) for the period December 2019 – March 2020.
PM hands over keys of Deep-Sea fishing Vessels and Fishing Vessel Transponders to select farmers
of Tamil Nadu
PM distributes Agriculture Ministry’s Krishi Karman Awards for Progressive Farmers and
Commendation Awards to the states in Tumkur, Karnataka
World
392,078 babies born around the world on January 1, 2020; most in India at 67,385: UNICEF
Australia: Emergency declared in New South Wales state because of forest fires
2019 concludes a ‘deadly decade’ for children in conflict, with more than 170,000 grave violations
verified since 2010: UNICEF
Pacific island nation Palau becomes world’s first country to ban sun cream that is harmful to corals
and sea life

Sports
ESPNCricinfo picks MS Dhoni as captain of ODI and T20 teams of past decade; Virat Kohli for Tests
Indian Science Congress
107th Indian Science Congress (ISC) being organised at the University of Agricultural Sciences,
Bengaluru from January 3 to 7
PM inaugurated ISC whose theme is ‘Science and Technology: Rural Development’
Pride of India-Science Expo-2020 is being held at ISC
The Indian Science, Technology and Engineering Facilities Map (I-STEM) website was launched to
help researchers from all over India to gain access to all equipment from any university, college or
laboratory
India
American Association of Physicians of Indian Origin (AAPI) organising 14th Global Healthcare
Summit in Visakhapatnam (AP) from January 3 to 5
Whole of Nagaland declared as a ‘disturbed’ area under the Armed Forces (Special Powers) Act, 1958,
for a further period of six months
Maharashtra Govt launches ‘Cyber Safe Women’ initiative; to organise cyber safety awareness camps
in all districts
Lai Haraoba, cultural festival of Manipuri meitei communities, being organised in Tripura’s capital
Agartala from January 3 to 6
Six Bahujan Samaj Party (BSP) MLAs of Rajasthan join Congress
Gujarat CM Vijay Rupani unveils 50-foot tall bronze statue of Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel in Ahmedabad;
made by sculptor Ram Sutar
President accepts resignation of University of Allahabad’s Vice-Chancellor Prof. Rattan Lal Hangloo
Economy & Corporate
India’s foreign exchange reserves rise to US$ 457.47 billion in the week ended December 27
2,636 charging stations approved across the country under phase II of FAME India (Faster Adoption
and Manufacturing of Electric Vehicles in India) scheme
KVIC opens first silk processing plant in Gujarat at Surendranagar to improve availability of raw
material for production of Gujarati Patola Sarees
India extends a line of credit of USD 75 million (over Rs 500 crore) to Cuba for financing solar parks
World
Iran’s Quds Force chief General Qasem Soleimani among 7 killed in US airstrike at Baghdad airport
World health Organization observing 2020 as International Year of the Nurse and the Midwife
India
Union HRD Minister Ramesh Pokhriyal ‘Nishank’ inaugurates the 28th edition of New Delhi World Book
Fair 2020. Theme: GANDHI: WRITERS’ WRITER
Union Minister Hardeep Singh Puri lays foundation stone for the ‘Bharat Darshan Park’ in New Delhi
that will have replicas of monuments built from scrap material
Freedom fighter Bhim Chandra Jana dies at 107 in West Bengal’s Howrah district
World
World Braille Day, which is birth anniversary of Louis Braille, observed on January 4
Australian PM Morrison calls 3,000 military reserve troops to combat raging bush fire; cancels
planned visit to India from January 13

Sports
Tamil Nadu (men’s), Kerala (women’s) win senior National volleyball championships in Bhubaneswar
35-year old Irfan Pathan announces retirement after playing in 29 Tests (1105 runs and 100 wickets),
120 ODIs (1544 runs and 173 wickets) and 24 T20 Internationals (172 runs and 28 wickets).
India’s Malavath Poorna scales Mt. Vinson Massif, Antarctica’s highest mountain peak (4,987 m)
India
to confer first ‘Antarrashtriya Yoga Diwas Media Samman’ on January 7 to mark the contribution of
media in spreading the message of Yoga
CRPF’s Ex-DG Rajiv Rai Bhatnagar appointed as an advisor to the Lt Governor of J&K
9th Women Science Congress being held on January 5-6 at the 107th Indian Science Congress in
Bengaluru
Tamil Nadu: Former Assembly Speaker and AIADMK leader P.H. Pandian dies at 74
Lok Sabha Speaker Om Birla to attend Conference of Speakers and Presiding Officers of the
Commonwealth (CSPOC) in Ottawa, Canada from January 6 to 11
Andhra Pradesh Govt. launches YSR Aarogyasri scheme for providing free medical treatment to the
poor
AB-PMJAY
National Health Authority (NHA) de-empanels 171 hospitals across the country for indulging in
fraudulent activities in health insurance scheme: Ayushman Bharat- Pradhan Mantri Jan Arogya
Yojana (AB-PMJAY)
AB-PMJAY aims to cover over 10 crore poor and vulnerable families providing coverage upto 5 lakh
rupees per family per year for secondary and tertiary care hospitalization.
Economy & Corporate
External Affairs Ministry announces setting up of new, emerging and strategic technologies (NEST)
division
World
Iraq’s parliament votes in favour of resolution calling for ending foreign military presence in the
country
Sports
Chennai Marathon: Kenya’s Felex Rop (2:29.03) and India’s K. Suguna (3:44:30) win men’s and
women’s races respectively
India
12th edition of the Indo-Oman bilateral naval exercise ‘Naseem-Al-Bahr’ being held in Goa in January
Farmers Science Congress held at the 107th Indian Science Congress in Bengaluru
Innovation Awards to be presented at the Global Intellectual Property Convention in New Delhi on
January 8
Portal launched to expedite grant of permission for aerial photography/remote sensing survey of
defence land
CISF to observe 2020 as ‘year of mobility’ for troops’ welfare, housing: Director General (DG) Rajesh
Ranjan
Date for Delhi Assembly polls announced; voting on February 8
Mizoram government to organise Zo Kutpui (festival) states having Mizo population
Kolkata Police starts third edition of ‘Sukanya’ project for girls’ self-defence training
Indian Navy launches expedition in Maharashtra to promote the heritage of India
The Asia Pacific Drosophila Research Conference (APDRC5) being organised in Pune by the Indian
Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) from January 6 to 10
ISRO to set up its Human Space Flight Centre (HSFC) at Challakere in Chitradurga district of
Karnataka
Former Comptroller and Auditor General (1984-89) and ex-Governor of Karnataka (2001) Triloki Nath
Chaturvedi dies at 90 in Noida
Economy & Corporate
Union Minister Piyush Goyal inaugurates the National Stock Exchange (NSE) Knowledge Hub in New
Delhi
RBI buys Rs 10,000 crores of long-term securities, sells same amount of short-term bonds in special
open market operation (OMO)
Urban cooperative banks (UCB) may be placed under Supervisory Action Framework (SAF) when their
net NPAs exceed 6% of their net advances: RBI
ESAF Small Finance Bank files draft papers with SEBI to float a Rs 976-crore initial public offering
Room air conditioners to now have default temperature of 24 degree Celsius: Bureau of Energy
Efficiency (BEE)
PSU Container Corporation of India (Concor) incorporates wholly-owned arm Last Mile Logistics
Cyrus Mistry to not pursue chairmanship of Tata Sons despite NCLAT verdict in his favour
Golden Globe Awards
The 77th Golden Globe Awards presented to the winners in Beverly Hills, California (US)
Awards for Best Picture, Best Actor and Best Actress given in two categories: Drama & Musical or
Comedy
Drama — Best Motion Picture: 1917, Best Actor: Joaquin Phoenix in ‘Joker’, Best Actress: Renée
Zellweger in ‘Judy Garland’
Musical or Comedy — Best Motion Picture: Once Upon a Time in Hollywood, Best Actor: Taron
Egerton in ‘Rocketman’, Best Actress: Awkwafina in ‘The Farewell’
Best Director: Sam Mendes for ‘1917’
Best Foreign Language Film: ‘Parasite’ (South Korea)
Cecil B DeMille Award: Tom Hanks
Carol Burnett Award: Ellen DeGeneres
World
Pakistan Rangers handover 20 released fishermen to BSF at Wagah Border
Sports
Indian Grandmaster P. Magesh Chandran wins Hastings International Chess Congress tournament in
England
India
JMM MLA Rabindra Nath Mahato unanimously elected as the Speaker of the Jharkhand Assembly
I&B Minister Prakash Javadekar confers the first ‘Antarrashtriya Yoga Diwas’ awards to 30 media
organizations
Acclaimed painter & sculptor Akbar Padamsee dies in Coimbatore at 91; won Padma Bhushan and
Lalit Kala Akademi Fellowship
Former commander of the Army’s Western Command Lt Gen P N Hoon dies in Chandigarh at 90
Economy & Corporate
India’s GDP growth rate for 2019-20 estimated at 5%; was 6.8% in 2018-19: Govt.
India’s per-capita monthly income up by 6.8% to Rs 11,254 during 2019-20: Govt.
IBBI notifies the Insolvency and Bankruptcy Board of India (Liquidation Process) (Amendment)
Regulations, 2020
2nd National GST Conference held in New Delhi for streamlining GST system
Export Import Bank of India (Exim Bank) raises $1 billion through an overseas bond sale to execute
regular activities
Group of Ministers (GoM) led by Home Minister Amit Shah approves Expression of Interest (EoI) as
well as the share purchase agreement for Air India’s privatisation
Apparel Export Promotion Council of India (AEPC) appoints A Sakthivel as its new Chairman
World
NASA’s TESS (Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite) discovers an Earth-sized world within the
habitable range of its star
Pakistan’s National Assembly, the lower house of Parliament, passes bills giving 3-year extension to
Army Chief Gen Qamar Javed Bajwa
Iran designates US armed forces and Pentagon as ‘terrorist entities’
Sports
Bhubaneswar to host first edition of Khelo India University Games from Feb 22 to March 1
India
IRCTC to start 2 Bharat Darshan Special tourist trains from Tirunelveli (Tamil Nadu): 13-day
Mahashivratri Nava Jyotirlinga Special Express on February 19 and 14-day Ramayana Yatra Special
Express on March 5
Facial recognition technology installed at Bengaluru, Manmad and Bhusawal stations as test cases to
identify and nab criminals
Cabinet approves conferring institution of national importance (INI) status to the cluster of Ayurveda
institutions at Gujarat Ayurved University campus, Jamnagar
ASCEND 2020 Global Investors Meet being organised by Kerala govt. in Kochi on January 9-10
31st International Kite Festival being organised in Ahmedabad from January 7 to 13
Gujarat Govt. to set up Vikram Sarabhai Children Innovation Center (VSCIC) in the state
Economy & Corporate
CCEA approves strategic disinvestment of equity shareholding of 4 central PSUs (MMTC, NMDC,
MECON, BHEL) and 2 Odisha govt. PSUs (IPICOL and OMC) in Neelachal Ispat Nigam (NINL)
CCEA approves 1656 km North East Gas Grid project of Indradhanush Gas Grid having an estimated
cost of Rs 9265 crore
Nagaraj appointed CMD of PSU Housing and Urban Development Corporation (HUDCO)
SBI launches ‘residential builder finance with buyer guarantee’ (RBBG) scheme aimed at improve
homebuyers’ confidence
Henley Passport Index
Japan has topped Henley Passport Index while Afghanistan is last (107th).
A country’s ranking is based on the number of countries its holders can enter without prior visa
approval.
Japanese citizens can enter 191 countries while Afghan nationals can only travel to 26 countries
without a visa.
World
Kiev bound Ukraine International Airlines aircraft crashes shortly after take-off from Tehran killing all
176 people
Selfie museum called Selfie Kingdom (TSK) inaugurated in Dubai
Jasbinder Bilan wins 2019 Costa Children’s Award in UK for ‘Asha and the Spirit Bird’
Spain: Pedro Sanchez of Spanish Socialist Workers’ Party takes oath as Prime Minister
936-km TurkStream line for transporting natural gas from Russia to Turkey inaugurated
Pakistan’s Parliament (National Assembly and Senate) pass bills to give extension to Army chief Gen
Qamar Javed Bajwa for three years
India will be the guest of honour at the Paris Book Fair in March 2020
Sports
Ladakh wins 7th National Ice Hockey Championship Women trophy in Leh
India
Indian Navy maintaining its presence in the Gulf region as part of its ‘Operation Sankalp’ to ensure
safety of Indian Flag Merchant Vessels transiting through the region
Pravasi Bharatiya Divas celebrated on January 9
New logo of Arunachal Pradesh Legislative Assembly adopted; consists of the national emblem and
foxtail orchid (Rhynchostylis Retusa), the state flower
AP Govt. launches ‘Amma Vodi’ scheme to provide an annual assistance of Rs. 15,000 each to poor
mothers to educate their children.
Tamil Nadu Fisheries University and Tamil Nadu Music and Fine Arts University rechristened after late
CM J. Jayalalithaa
Justice Dilip B. Bhosale, 63, resigns as member of anti-corruption ombudsman Lokpal citing personal
reasons
Agricultural scientist Dr M S Swaminathan receives the first ‘Muppavarapu Venkaiah Naidu National
Award for Excellence’ in Hyderabad from Vice President M. Venkaiah Naidu
Social worker Dr. Gutta Muniratnam receives the first ‘Muppavarapu National Award for Social
Service’ in Hyderabad from Vice President M. Venkaiah Naidu
‘Pax Sinica: Implications for the Indian Dawn, a book on China authored by Samir Saran & Akhil Deo,
released
Gangster Ejaz Lakdawala arrested by Mumbai police’s Anti-Extortion Cell (AEC) in Patna after being
on the run for two decades
Forbes List
Forbes India has unveiled its list of 20 people to watch in the 2020s
Indians in the list (6) — Poll strategist and JD(U) national vice-president Prashant Kishor, former JNU
Students’ Union president Kanhaiya Kumar, Dushyant Chautala (deputy CM of Haryana), Mahua
Moitra (Lok Sabha member of TMC), the Godrej family (of Adi Godrej) and Garima Arora (chef and the
first Indian woman to receive a Michelin star).
Persons of Indian origin in the list (2) — US-born Hasan Minhaj (comedian, political commentator) and
Aditya Mittal (Group CFO and CEO, ArcelorMittal Europe).
World leaders in the list (8) — Gotabaya Rajapaksa (President of Sri Lanka), Mohammed bin Salman
(Crown Prince, Saudi Arabia), Jacinda Ardern (New Zealand PM), Boris Johnson (PM, the UK), Sanna
Marin (Finland PM), Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez (member of US House of Representatives), Peter
Buttigieg (Mayor of South Bend, Indiana, USA), Annegret Kramp-Karrenbauer (Minister of Defence,
Germany).
Sportspersons (3) — Max Verstappen (Formula 1 driver) Anssumane Fati Vieira (Footballer, Barcelona
FC) and Eliud Kipchoge (Marathoner)
Activists (1) — Greta Thunberg (famous environmental activist from Sweden).

Economy & Corporate
Indian economy to grow 5% in 2019-20 and 5.8% in 2020-21: World Bank said in its Global Economic
Prospects report
HDFC completes acquisition of Apollo Group’s stake in Apollo Munich Health Insurance
Rajya Sabha MP Chandra Pal Singh elected as Chairman of Krishak Bharati Cooperative Ltd
(KRIBHCO)
Supreme Court orders government to include re-grassing of mined areas as a mandatory condition for
grant of mining leases to restore biodiversity
Cabinet approves ordinance to amend mining laws to remove “end-use restrictions”, allowing “anyone
to participate in the auction of coal blocks”
World
Former Prime Minister Zoran Milanovic wins presidential election in Croatia
Australia’s raging bushfire crisis has killed 24 people and burned over six million hectares of land
Pakistan: Government College University Lahore (GCU) sets up a Research Chair honouring its alumni
Indian-American biochemist Har Gobind Khorana (1922-2011), who won the 1968 Nobel Prize for
medicine
Sebastian Kurz sworn in Chancellor of Austria after his People’s Party (OeVP) forms coalition govt.
with Greens Party
India
SC calls access to the Internet fundamental right; asks J&K administration to review its order
imposing curbs on internet services
Youth Affairs & Sports Ministry and UP Govt. jointly organizing National Youth Festival in Lucknow on
January 12-16; theme: ‘Fit Youth, Fit India’
Union Home Minister Amit Shah inaugurates Indian Cyber Crime Coordination Centre (I4C) in New
Delhi; dedicates National Cyber Crime Reporting Portal (www.cybercrime.gov.in) to the Nation
Veteran broadcaster, poet and academician Obaid Siddiqui dies in Ghaziabad at 63
External Affairs Ministry and the Indian Missions celebrate ‘Vishwa Hindi Diwas’ on January 10
Indian Navy to organise week-long multilateral Milan 2020 exercise in Visakhapatnam in March 2020;
theme: ‘Synergy Across the Seas’
Three Indian cities from Kerala – Malappuram (first), Kozhikode (fourth) and Kollam (tenth) — in
top-10 of ‘world’s fastest-growing urban areas’ by the Economist Intelligence Unit (EIU)
Crime In India
2018 edition of ‘Crime in India’ statistics released by the National Crime Records Bureau (NCRB)
A total of 50.74 lakh crimes was registered in 2018.
Crime in India has increased by 1.3% in 2018 compared to 2017
Crime rate per lakh population was down to 383.5 in 2018 from 388.6 in 2017.
Economy & Corporate
Index of Industrial Production (IIP) records growth of 1.8 per cent in November
Foreign exchange reserves rise $3.689 billion to touch a record high of $461.157 billion in the week to
January 3
Power Ministry launches ‘State Energy Efficiency Index 2019’ developed by Bureau of Energy
Efficiency (BEE) in association with Alliance for an Energy Efficient Economy (AEEE)
Govt launches paperless licensing through Petroleum and Explosives Safety Organisation (PESO) for
road tankers
Wings India 2020, a flagship event of Indian Civil Aviation industry, at Begumpet Airport, Hyderabad:
March 12-15; theme: ‘Flying for All’
Wings India 2020, a flagship event of Indian Civil Aviation industry, will be held at Begumpet Airport,
Hyderabad from March 12 to 15, 2020. The theme is: ‘Flying for All’.
SC stays NCLAT (National Company Law Appellate Tribunal) order restoring Cyrus Mistry as Tata
Sons’ chairman
PayU acquires controlling stake in fintech start-up PaySense at a valuation of $185 million
Assets worth over Rs 78 crore of former ICICI Bank Chairman Chanda Kochhar and her family
attached by the ED in connection with a money laundering probe against them
World
China-Pakistan bilateral naval exercise, code-named Sea Guardians-2020, being conducted in the
northern Arabian Sea from January 6 to 14
US House of Representative passes resolution limiting President’s ability to carry out military actions
against Iran without the prior approval of Congress
India
PM Modi attends 150th anniversary celebration of Kolkata Port Trust in Kolkata; launches Interactive
Light & Sound Show of Rabindra Setu (Howrah Bridge)
PM dedicates 4 refurbished heritage buildings in Kolkata to the nation — Old Currency Building, the
Belvedere House, the Metcalfe House and the Victoria Memorial Hall
Lt Col Yuvraj Malik appointed new Director of the National Book Trust (NBT)
Chief Justice of India Justice Sharad Arvind Bobde inaugurates new building of Karnataka Judicial
Academy in Bengaluru
A 10-day coastal Karnataka festival ‘Karavali Utsav’ being held in Mangaluru
Noted Kannada scholar, epigraphist and activist Chidananda Murthy dies in Bengaluru at 88
Naval Light Combat Aircraft (LCA) lands on INS Vikramaditya, becomes 1st indigenous fighter aircraft
to land on an aircraft carrier
Karnataka: First-year-degree students in government colleges to get free laptops from January 12
External Affairs Minister S. Jaishankar meets Sri Lankan Minister of Foreign Relations, Skills
Development, Employment and Labour Relations, Dinesh Gunawardena in New Delhi
Naga People’s Front (NPF) suspends Rajya Sabha member K.G. Kenye from the party’s primary
membership for voting in favour of the Citizenship (Amendment) Act in December 2019
Economy & Corporate
Union Steel Minister Dharmendra Pradhan launches ‘Mission Purvodaya’ to develop steel sector in
eastern India
announces promulgation of ordinance allowing auction of coal mines without any end-use
restrictions
World
Iranian armed forces accept responsibility for accidental shoot-down of Kiev-bound Ukraine
International Airlines Boeing 737 aircraft after take-off from Tehran on January 8
Tsai Ing-wen of Democratic Progressive Party (DPP) re-elected President of Taiwan
Oman’s ruler Sultan Qaboos bin Said dies in Muscat at 79
Sports
Rohan Bopanna & Wesley Koolhof win men’s doubles title at ATP Qatar Open tennis tournament in
Doha

India
PM In Kolkata
PM attends function at Belur Math, the headquarters of Ramakrishna Mission in Howrah district, to
mark the birth anniversary of Swami Vivekananda
PM unveils a statue of Swami Vivekananda at the Old Currency Building in Kolkata
PM releases a commemorative stamp marking celebrations of 150 years of Kolkata Port Trust.
PM rechristens Kolkata Port Trust after Jan Sangh founder Syama Prasad Mookerjee
National Youth Day
Birth anniversary of Swami Vivekananda celebrated as National Youth Day on January 12
23rd National Youth Festival 2020 being organised in Lucknow from January 12 to 16
India
Home Minister Amit Shah launches country’s first Cyber Crime Prevention Unit AASHVAST in
Gandhinagar; VISWAS (Video Integration and StateWide Advance Security) project also launched
Yashaswini Scheme for Women entrepreneurship launched in Panaji, Goa by Union Minister for
Women and Child Development and Textiles, Smriti Irani
UP govt. to set up Rs 234 crore zoological garden named after freedom fighter Ashfaqullah Khan
(1900-1927) in Gorakhpur
Geo-political conference ‘Raisina Dialogue’ will be organised in New Delhi on January 14-16 by the
Ministry of External Affairs and the Observer Research Foundation (ORF); Theme: ’21@20: Navigating
the Alpha Century’
Cartoonist Thomas Antony dies in Malappuram district of Kerala at the age of 62.
Economy & Corporate
RBI releases National Strategy for Financial Inclusion (NSFI) report for the period 2019-2024
World
Taal volcano erupts near Philippine capital Manila
Robert Abela appointed new Prime Minister of Malta
Internet shutdown: India suffers $1.3 billion economic loss; 3rd most affected country after Iraq and
Sudan says ‘The Global Cost of Internet Shutdowns in 2019’ report of internet research firm
Top10VPN
ATP Cup Tennis
Serbia defeated Spain 2-1 to win ATP Cup tennis tournament in Sydney
Novak Djokovic (Serbia) beat Rafael Nadal (Spain) 6-2, 7-6 (7/4)
Roberto Bautista Agut (Spain) beat Dusan Lajovic (Serbia) 7-5, 6-1
Novak Djokovic & Viktor Troicki (Serbia) beat Feliciano Lopez & Pablo Carreno Busta (Spain) 6-3, 6-4
in doubles
Sports
Serena Williams (US) wins women’s singles title at ASB Classic tennis tournament in Auckland, New
Zealand
Karolina Pliskova (Czech Republic) wins women’s singles title at Brisbane International tennis
tournament
Japan’s Kento Momota (men’s) and China’s Chen Yufei (women’s) win Singles titles at the Malaysia
Masters Badminton
Kenya’s Rhonex Kipruto sets a new men’s 10 km road world record of 26 minutes 24 seconds in
Valencia, Spain
Hero MotoSports Team’s Portuguese rider Paulo Goncalves dies in accident during the Dakar Rally in
Saudi Arabia
India
Senior IPS officer AP Maheshwari appointed as the Director-General of CRPF
Island Development Agency (IDA) meeting chaired by Union Home Minister identifies 16 islands in
Andaman & Nicobar and 10 in Lakshadweep for holistic development.
India to host annual meeting of council of heads of government of the Shanghai Cooperation
Organization (SCO) says SCO Secretary General Vladimir Norov
Economist Amit Bhaduri gives up emeritus professorship at Jawaharlal Nehru University
Veteran Odia filmmaker Manmohan Mohapatra dies at 69
Economy & Corporate
Retail inflation, based on Consumer Price Index (CPI), rises to 7.35% in December 2019; was 5.54% in
November 2019.
Indian Navy starts using high flash high speed diesel (HFHSD IN 512); manufactured by Indian Oil
Corporation
TRAI amends New Tariff Order (NTO) allowing consumers to have 200 channels instead of 100 at the
same price of Rs 130
SC constitutes 4-member committee for speedy auction of properties of now defunct Amrapali Group;
asks PSU NBCC (National Buildings Construction Corporation) to start work on 7 seven stalled
projects
World
World Future Energy Summit being held in Abu Dhabi (UAE) from January 13 to 16; theme: Rethinking
Global Consumption, Production, and Investment
Britain’s conservative philosopher Roger Scruton dies at 75
Sports
Real Madrid beat Atletico Madrid in Jeddah to win Spanish Super Cup football title
Sportstar Aces Awards: Indian Test side: Team of the Year, wrestler Bajrang Punia: Sportsman of the
Year (Individual Sports), Koneru Humpy (chess) & Apurvi Chandela (shooting): joint winners of
Sportswoman of the Year (Individual Sports)
Jasprit Bumrah won BCCI’s Polly Umrigar Award for the best international cricketer in 2018-19 while
Poonam Yadav was best international women cricketer.
India
4th Armed Forces Veterans Day observed on January 14; the retirement day of Field Marshal KM
Cariappa in 1953
Field Marshal KM Cariappa was the first Indian Commander-in-Chief of the Indian Armed Forces
India and Bangladesh sign MoU to co-produce film on Bangladesh founder Sheikh Mujibur Rahman to
be directed by Shyam Benegal
Madhupur (Jharkhand) – Anand Vihar (Delhi) Humsafar Express started
Lt General Girish Kumar reappointed as the Surveyor General of India for one year
Captain Tania Shergil to be 1st woman parade adjutant on Army Day Parade on January 15; parade
adjutant is responsible for executing the parade
Himachal Pradesh: Tourism department sets Guinness Record by preparing largest quantity of
Khichdi (1995 kg)
Mizoram to celebrate Chapchar Kut festival on March 6
More girls than boys getting enrolled in govt. schools in 4-8 years age-group: 14th Annual Status of
Education Report (ASER)
Shiv Nadar University’s Dr Mihir Shah appointed Chairman of the Committee to draft National Water
Policy (NWP)
PM participates in 50th Anniversary function of Tamil Magazine Thuglak at Chennai through Video
Conference
Draft National Policy for Rare Diseases released; govt. to provide up to Rs 15 lakh financial support
under Rashtriya Arogya Nidhi scheme for one-time treatment of rare diseases
Economy & Corporate
Michael Debabrata Patra appointed Deputy Governor of RBI for a period of three years
com, e-commerce platform of NAREDCO (National Real Estate Development Council) for marketing of
completed residential units, launched
Knight Frank-FICCI-NAREDCO Real Estate Sentiment Index Q4 2019 survey released
Jewellers can sell only hallmarked jewellery and artefacts made of 14, 18 and 22 carat gold from
January 15, 2021 says Consumer Affairs Minister Ram Vilas Paswan
Wholesale inflation surges to an 8-month high of 2.59% in December due to sharp rise in food prices
SEBI gives listed companies another two years to separate the positions of chairman and managing
director
Bajaj Auto launches Chetak electric scooter priced at Rs 1 lakh
8 Wonders Of SCO
– India’s Statue of Unity of Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel has been included in the list of eight wonders of
the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO).
SCO comprises India, China, Pakistan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Russia, Tajikistan and Uzbekistan.
The 182-metre-tall Statue of Unity is located near the Sardar Sarovar Dam on the river Narmada in
Kevadiya, Gujarat
Other seven wonders of SCO: Daming Palace in China, Navruz Palace in Tajikistan, Mughals Heritage
in Pakistan, Tamgaly Gorge in Kazakhstan, Po-i-Kalan Complex in Uzbekistan, The Golden Ring of
Russia and Lahore, the Mughals heritage in Pakistan.
World
United States removes ‘currency manipulator’ label it imposed on China in 2019
Sports
Australia (258/0 in 37.4) beat India (255/10 in 49.1) by ten wickets in the first ODI in Mumbai
Barcelona FC tops Deloitte Football Money League with earnings of 840.8 million euros in 2018-19
January 1, 2020
Finance Minister announces 102 lakh crore rupees project
On December 31, 2019, Finance Minister Nirmala Sitaraman announced 102 lakh crore worth projects to be
implemented in next 5 years. During the announcement, she also released the report of Task Force on
National Infrastructure Pipeline for 2019-2025.
Highlights
The infrastructure projects are to be introduced in railways, power, urban, irrigation, health and education.
These projects will help India achieve its goal of 5 trillion-dollar economy by 2025. Currently, the GDP of
India is 2.72 trillion USD and is growing at the rate of 6.81%
Currently 25 lakh crore rupees energy projects have been lined up. In railway sector, 14 lakh crore rupees of
projects are currently being implemented and in health sector 20 lakh crore rupees projects have been lined
up. Apart from this, 3 lakh crore rupees projects will be added to pipeline sector.

Significance
Off late, several international financial organizations have been projecting a decline in the growth rate of
India. The IMF projected India’s growth rate at 6.1% in 2019 and the world bank projected India’s growth
rate at 6%. These projected growth rates were lower than the previous growth rates of the country.
Therefore, these new economical measures are important to boost the economy and help India achieve its
target.
Report of Task Force on National Infrastructure Pipeline released
On December 31, 2019, Finance Minister Nirmala Sitharaman released a report of task force on National
Infrastructure on Pipeline (NIP) 2019-2025. The task force was set up in order to draw up National
Infrastructure Pipeline from fiscal year 2019-20 to 2024-25.
Highlights of the report
The report says that between 2020 and 2025 GoI has planned investment in infrastructure sectors such as
roads, railways, urban, energy. These sectors account to 70% of infrastructure investments planned. The
plan is to invest 102 lakh crores of rupees by 2025 and make India a 5 trillion-dollar economy.
Highlights: Energy
According to the report, the total capacity of Indian Energy Sector is 356 GW. Out of this, thermal
constitutes 66%, renewable energy constitutes 22%, hydro sector constitutes 13% and nuclear around 2%.
The vision set for 2025 is raise the total capacity of power to 619 GW of energy by decreasing thermal
energy to 50%, increasing renewable to 39%, hydro to 9% and maintaining nuclear energy at the same level.
Highlights: Transport sector
Railways
The current freight traffic of Indian Railways is at 33%. The report says that GoI has planned to increase the
private sector participation in freight traffic. GoI will add 30% of net cargo by 2025 and will increase private
trains to 500.
Port
There are around 12 major ports in India. The total capacity of the ports is 2 billion tons. According to the
report, the capacity of the ports are to be increased to 2.5 billion tons.
Airport
Today, India ranks 3rd in aviation sector. The aim is to improve India to 2nd position.
Highlights: Agriculture
In India, currently, the Food Corporation of India has installed 7.25 lakh metric tons of silos. According to
the report, the storage capacity is to be increased to 100 lakh MT.
Irrigation
The area under irrigation in India is 68 million hectares. This is to be increased to 85 million hectares by
2025. The micro irrigation that covers 15% of irrigated area is to be increased to 28%. Also, pricing methods
based on water-quality are to be adopted.
Highlights: Digital Infrastructure
India ranks second in terms of mobile phones with 119 crore mobile subscribers. The aim is to make India
rank one in the sector. Currently, internet penetration in the sector is 40% and the aim is to increase this to
80%.
Highlights: Urban sector
Around 25% of urban household have drinking water in their premises in the country. This is to be increased
to 100%. India ranks 120th in water quality index and 70% of water in the country is contaminated. Advanced
techniques are to be used to maintain water quality.

Highlights: Rural Sector
Around 18% of rural households receive piped water supply. Under Jal Jeevan Mission, this is to be
increased to 100% by 2024.
Rabi Crop Sowing increase by 36 lakh hectares
The Ministry of Agriculture on December 31, 2019, announced that the sowing area of rabi crops have
increased by 36 lakh hectares. This is mainly due to improvement in soil moisture in Rabi growing states.
Highlights
The total area under Rabi crops was 536 hectares last year and this has increased to 571 hectares. Of
these, wheat has been sown in 297 lakh hectares, rice has been sown in 14 lakh hectares, coarse cereals in
46 lakh hectares and oilseeds in 74 lakh hectares.
Rabi crops
The major Rabi crops in India are wheat, barley, sesame, peas, mustard. They are sown in winter between
October and December and are harvested in summer between April and June. The major Rabi crop growing
states in the country are UP, Uttarakhand, Punjab, Haryana, J&K and Himachal Pradesh.
The rabi crop cultivation becomes a success only when the availability of precipitation in winter months due
to western disturbances are at right amount.
Other than India, Pakistan and Bangladesh are the other two countries in the world using the term Rabi and
Kharif crops.
Release of Estimates
Annually, the agriculture ministry releases four estimates of agricultural crops. These estimates provide a
detailed report on the sowing of crops in the country. The estimates are released in the months of
September (when Kharif sowing is completed), February (after Rabi sowing is completed), April-May and in
July-August.
Results of Swachh Survekshan League, 2020 released
The Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs on December 31, 2019, released Swachh Survekshan League in
New Delhi. Around 4,372 cities participated in the league. It is a cleanliness survey that helps in competitive
federalism.
Highlights
In the category of 10 lakh plus population, Indore secured first place. Indore has remained in first place for
the last three years. Following Indore, Bhopal and Surat are in second and third places respectively. In the
category of population between one lakh and 10 lakhs, Jamshedpur was in 1st spot following New Delhi and
Khargone.
Indicators
The focus of the survey was on waste water treatment, faecal sludge management. The survey also focused
on implementation of ODF+, water plus and ODF++ protocols of the ministry of housing and urban affairs.
Significance
In Competitive Federalism, the relationship between Central and state governments are vertical and
between the state governments are horizontal. The ranking of the cities based on cleanliness helps in
promoting competition among them. The idea was mooted during economic reforms in the country in
1990s. The states will compete with each other that will help achieve efficiency in administration also will
enhance developmental activities.
Kerala: the first state to pass anti-CAA resolution
The Kerala Government on December 31, 2019, passed a resolution to rollback the Citizenship Amendment
Act (CAA) that was passed during this winter session of Parliament. According to the Kerala Government,
the CAA act contradicts the basic principles of Constitution.

Highlights
According to the Government of Kerala, the act was against secularism and has triggered widespread
protests in the country. The act also dented India’s image among the International community
The act and the issue
The Citizenship Amendment Act, 2019 was passed in December 2019. The act amended Citizenship act
passed in 1955. It allows Hindus, Buddhists, Sikhs, Jains, Christians and Parsi religious minorities to gain
Indian citizenship. It also includes the minorities who have fled from countries such as Pakistan,
Afghanistan and Bangladesh. The issue around the act is that it does not include Muslims.
The Citizenship (Amendment) bill was introduced in 2016.
Concerns of North East
Though the ongoing protests in the country is predominantly against its non-secular feature, North Eastern
states are against the overall act. The north-eastern citizens, especially Assam, fear that the act will grant
citizenship to immigrants and refugees causing loss of their political, cultural and land rights. This will also
motivate further immigration from Bangladesh.
PM Modi to release third instalment of Kisan Samman Nidhi
PM Modi is to release the fourth instalment of Pradhan Mantri Kisan Yojana in Tumakuru, Karnataka. The
Prime Minister will also confer “Krishi Karmanya” award to three fishermen and 28 progressive farmers
from various states.
Pradhan Mantri Kisan Samman Yojana
The scheme was first introduced in Telangana as “Rythu Bandhu” scheme. Under the scheme, a certain
amount is given to eligible farmers. Eventually, the scheme was accoladed for its huge success all over the
world including World Bank.
Upon the success of Rythu Bandhu scheme, central government launched Pradhan Mantri Kisan Samman
Yojana all over the country in 2018. Under the scheme, Rs 6,000 will be provided to farmers annually. The
amount is directly credited to bank accounts of eligible farmers in four instalments.
Installments
Since the launch of the scheme, three installments were released. The fourth installment of the scheme is
to be released by the Prime Minister. The scheme is being implemented by the Ministry of Agriculture and
Farmers Welfare. In 2019 budget, annual expenditure of Rs 75,000 crores was allocated to the scheme.
Objectives
The scheme was launched to improve the income of small and marginal farmers. It will help farmers to fulfil
their crop health and yields. It also helps farmers from falling under the hands of moneylenders in meeting
their basic expenses.
RPF renamed as Indian Railways Protection Force Service; Railway prices hiked
The Railways Ministry has renamed Railway Protection Force (RPF) as Indian Railway Protection Force
Service. The ministry has also accorded Group A status to RPF.
Railway Protection Force
The RPF was formed under the Railway Protection Force Act, 1957. Under the act, the RPF personnel have
powers to search, arrest, investigate and prosecute. However, the ultimate power lies in the hands of
Government Railway Police. RPF works under the control of Ministry of Railways.
History
The RPF was first formed in 1854 when the Railway construction was begun in India for the first time.
However, it received its legal identity for the first time under Police act, 1861. In 1872, the Railway Police
Committee recommended organization of Railway Police Force.

Government Railway Police (GRP)
These Police forces are different from that of the RPF. The GRP was established under Railway’s Act, 1989.
The duties of GPF is same as that of District Police such as patrolling. But they hold their jurisdiction only
on railway property. They observe law and order within the railway stations in the country. Also, the GRP
examine empty train carriages, prevent overcrowding and control vehicle traffic inside the station premises.
Price Hikes
The Indian Railways has increased the train fares to 1p per km from January, 1, 2020 in non-suburban trains
and non-air-conditioned trains. The fares have been hiked by 2p per km. The price hike was published by
Indian Railway Conference Association.
List of Nuclear Installations exchanged between India and Pakistan
On January 1, 2020, India and Pakistan exchanged their nuclear installations under an agreement that
prevents them from attacking each other’s atomic facilities. The practice is being followed for 29 years for
now.
Highlights
India and Pakistan exchanged the list of nuclear installations under the Agreement on Prohibition of attack
against nuclear installations. The exchange was done based on diplomatic channels simultaneously in
Islamabad and New Delhi. The first of the exchange took place on January 1, 1992.
Agreement on Prohibition of attack against Nuclear Installations
The agreement was signed between Pakistan President Benazir Bhutto and Indian PM Rajiv Gandhi. It was
signed on December 31, 1988.
History
Between 1986 and 1987 Indian Army carried out massive exercise Brasstacks that created fear of attacks
on Pakistan nuclear facilities. The fear of Pakistan was the base for the countries to sign the agreement.
Operation Brasstacks
The Operation Brasstacks was conducted by the Indian Army in Rajasthan. It was the largest troop
mobilizations of the Indian forces. The goal of the operation was to deploy ground troops. It also aimed at
conducting amphibious assault exercises near by Pakistan Naval bases. It was the biggest exercise of its
period since World War II. It was bigger than that of NATO exercises.
India will overtake Germany; Become 4th largest economy in the world in 2026
According to a report released by UK based Centre for Economics and Business Research (CEBR), India will
overtake Germany in 2026 to become the world’s fourth largest economy. The report also said that by 2034,
India will overtake Japan and become third largest economy in the world
Highlights
Today, India is the fifth largest economy in the World after US (20.49 trillion USD), China (13.41 trillion USD),
Japan (4.97 trillion USD) and Germany (4 trillion USD). In 2019, India had successfully overtaken France and
Germany to reach rank 5.
The CEBR report said that India will achieve its 5 trillion USD target by 2026. The report titled “World
Economic League Table” obtains most of the data from IMF’s World Economic Outlook report.
CEBR
The CEBR provides independent economic forecasting to 100s of public and private organizations. It was
founded in 1960s as Bureau of Business Research. The centre is currently working on economic policy
research, local forecasting, national, state level data analysis. It releases publications on transportation,
energy and public finance.
The headquarters of the organization is located in Munice, Indiana. It is to be noted that in 2011, the
organization predicted India to become fifth largest economy in the world by 2020 which India has already

achieved in 2019!
10,000 cameras to be used in Gujarat Lion Census, 2020
The Wildlife Institute of India (WII) is to conduct Asiatic Lion Census in May 2020. The Institute will use
10,000 cameras to conduct the census.
Highlights
In 2015, the WII counted 523 lions in Gujarat. It is expected that the numbers have risen phenomenally and
the population must have crossed 1,000. The census is to adopt the technology of National Tiger
Conservation Authority. The entire census area is to be divided in to 3-km grid. Officers will collect hair,
nails, teeth, etc. The collection process is to be carried out using scientific methods laid out by NTCA.
Around 1,000 to 2,000 officers are to be employed. In the second phase, 10,000 cameras are to be used to
capture the lions.
Asiatic Lions
The Asiatic Lions in Gujarat are restricted to Gir National Park in the state. The lions are listed as
“Endangered” in the IUCN Red List. Initially the lions were spread from the east of Indus river to West Bengal
and also to Narmada river in Central India. However, today they are restricted to Gujarat alone. Asiatic lions
belong to the category of Pantherine cats.
Pantherine Cats
The lion is one among the 5 Pantherine Cats inhabiting in India. The other 4 pantherine cats in India are
Bengal Tiger, Snow Leopard, Indian Leopard and Clouded Leopard. Under IUCN red list, Bengal Tiger has
been listed as Endangered, and the three leopards snow leopard, clouded leopard and Indian leopard have
been listed as Vulnerable
UNICEF Report: More than 1,70,000 violations against Children
On December 31, 2019, the United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF) released its annual report. The report
stated that since 1989, the number of countries experiencing conflicts has increased and the attacks on
children has increased as well.
Highlights
According to the report, the number of attacks on children since 2010 has increased three-fold. The agency
has hence named the decade as “Deadly Decade”. The report also stated that the number of countries
experiencing violence has increased since 1989. The year 1989 has been specified as the Convention on
Rights of Child was passed in 1989.
UNICEF says that in 2018, around 24,000 grave violations were recorded against children. The number has
gone up highly to 1,70,000 in 2019. This is more than threefold and is deadly. This includes abductions,
killing, sexual violence, maiming, child recruitment, denial to humanitarian access and attacks in schools
and hospitals.
The United Nations states that there have been more than 10,000 violations in the first half of 2019. The
violations were predominantly in the conflict zones. It includes northern Syria, Ukraine and Democratic
Republic of Congo.
Convention on Rights of Child, 1989
According to the convention, any child below the age of 18 is called a child. Around 140 countries have
signed the convention. India is also a signatory. The convention sets out social, political, economic, civil
and cultural rights of every child. The rights include right to education, right to protection against physical
abuse, right to rest and leisure.
January 2, 2020
PM Modi: 5 DRDO laboratories dedicated to nation
On January 2, 2020, PM Modi will dedicate five DRDO laboratories to the country. The laboratories are for
young scientists to boost their research capabilities.
Highlights
PM Modi will inaugurate the laboratories during his 2-day visit to Bengaluru. The labs will act as a platform
to identify young scientists up to the age of 35 years. DRDO will also exhibit some of its innovative products
to the PM during his visit. The event is to be conducted at the Aeronautical Development Establishment,
DRDO. During the event PM will also release the fourth instalments of PM Kisan Samman Nidhi. The
scheme was launched at national level based upon the success of Rythu Bandhu scheme in Telangana.
Significance
The laboratories involving young scientists will ensure that India remains forefront in advancements in the
domain.
DRDO
There are over 52 Defence Research Development Organization Laboratories in the country. They are
engaged in fields such as developing missiles, aeronautics, armaments, land combating engineering, etc.
The organization operates under Ministry of Defence.
The aim of the organization is to reduce the reliance of India on defence imports. Today India imports over
45% to 50% of its defence products.
There are numerous successful DRDO products being used by Indian military. It includes LCA Tejas fighter
jets, Nag Missile, Brahmos missile, ASTRA, ASAT, Electronic Warfare Technologies, etc.
Election Commission launches PPRTMS-an online system
On January 1, 2020, the Election Commission of India launched an online system that will allow political
parties to track their applications. The system is called Political Parties Registration Tracking Management
System (PPRTMS).
Highlights
The system will track applications registered by political parties. The status of the application shall be
obtained through SMS or e-mail. The system works on a real time basis.
For a political party to contest in election, it has to submit an application to the election commission. The
commission checks if the party satisfies the criteria governed by section 29A of Representation of People
Act, 1951.
Section 29A of RP act, 1951
Under the section, a party has to submit an application to the election commission within 30 days of its
formation. Under the act, a party is eligible to get registered as “National Political Party of India” only if it
satisfies following criteria
The party should secure at least 6% of votes in four or more states at an election to assembly or
parliament
Also, the party should win at least four seats in House of People
A party is eligible to get registered as “State Political Party” if it satisfies the following criteria
The party should win 6% of votes polled in state elections
It should win at least 2 seats in legislative assembly of the state.
RBI launches MANI application for visually challenged
On January 01, 2020, the Reserve Bank of India launched the MANI application for visually challenged
persons to identify new currency notes that were launched after demonetization. MANI is Mobile Aided Note
Identifier.
Highlights
MANI application scans currency notes using camera and gives audio output in Hindi and English. The
Government of India launched several currency notes under “Mahatma Gandhi series”. Under the new series,

denominations of Rs 10, 20, 50, 100, 200, 500 and 2,000 were released before 2 years. There were
challenges faced by visually challenged in identifying these notes. Hence, the application has been
launched to help visually aided in easily identifying the notes. However, the application does not detect
genuine or counterfeit notes.
Mahatma Series Notes
The Mahatma Gandhi Notes were introduced in 1996. The currency was called so as the notes prominently
displays portrait of Gandhiji. These notes replaced the Lion Capital Series. These notes have several
security features.
Security Features
They contain a security thread that can be seen as a straight line against a line source. Also, it contains the
word “Bharat” written in Devanagari script. It reveals a hidden image of Mahatma when held against light
source at an angle of 45 degrees. It also holds water mark and fluorescence. These notes were replaced by
the Mahatma Gandhi (new) series that were launched in 2016.
The Intaglio Print
The currency notes hold intaglio print to help the visually impaired read the denominations. Intaglio is raised
shape that are present in all notes other than Rs 10. Vertical rectangle is present in Rs 20, square in Rs 50,
triangle in Rs 100, circle in Rs 500. Rs 2000 notes has a raised print of horizontal rectangle.
The application is a better means to identify the notes.
Andhra Pradesh Government plans to deliver sand at door steps
The Andhra Pradesh Government announced that it will deliver sand at customers’ door steps. As a pilot
project, the government is to begin the initiative on experimental basis.
Highlights
Under the new initiative, the government will collect transportation charges from the customers and deliver
sand at door steps. In order to make the initiative successful, the Andhra Pradesh Mineral Development
Corporation will stock 15 lakh tons of sand per month for the next four months. At present, the demand for
sand in the state is 80,000 tonnes a day. The step will help address issues of sand scarcity and sand mafia.
Legislation of sand mining
Section 23C of the MMDR act, 1957 provides rules to prevent illegal mining of sand. According to the rules,
the state governments are empowered to frame rules in order to prevent illegal mining, storage and
transportation of sand.
MMDR act, 1957
The Mines and Minerals (Development and Regulation) act, 1957 provides complete legislation to mines
and minerals. It includes minor minerals such as gravel, clay, building stones and sand as well.
The act was amended in 2105. The amendment was made in order to bring transparency in allocation of
mines and license process. In 2014, Supreme Court cancelled license of 26 mines in the state Odisha,
following which the amendment was made.
Lists of Civilian prisoners and fishermen exchanged between India and Pakistan
On January 1, 2020, India and Pakistan exchanged list of prisoners and fishermen. The countries exchange
the information every year on 1st January and 1st July. They also exchanged nuclear installations alongside
on the same day.
Highlights
Pakistan shared the lists of 227 fishermen and 55 civilian prisoners who are Indians or believed to be
Indians. The lists were shared based on the provisions of 2008 agreement. Similarly, India shared lists of 99
Pakistani fishermen and 267 prisoners.

2008 Agreement
In 2008, India and Pakistan signed an agreement to allow consular access to prisoners in each countries.
The Agreement was highlighted during the Kulbhushan Jadhav case in the International Court of Justice.
According to the agreement, the provision of consular access should be provided to the person within three
months of arrest. However, Mr Jadhav was denied of such acess.
Kulbhushan Jadhav
Pakistan has arrested Kulbhushan Jadhav in Balochistan saying he was an Indian Naval Officer. The Pak
army court then sentenced him to death claiming him to be a spy of Indian Government. However, India
declined the accusations and filed a case against death sentence at the International Court of Justice.
According to India, Mr Jadhav retired from Navy in 2001 and was working in Iran. The ICJ has put the death
sentence on hold.
Guru Gobind Singh Birth anniversary Celebrated
On January 2, 2019, India celebrated the birth anniversary of Guru Gobind Singh. He is considered to be the
10th Guru of Sikhs. He was born on January 5, 1666.
Guru Gobind Singh
Guru Gobind Singh founded Sikh Warrior community called Khalsa in 1699. He introduced five Ks in
Sikhism. It is called the “Panj Kakar”, They are uncut hair (Kesh), an iron bracelet (kara), a wooden comb
(Kangha), 100% cotton undergarment (Kachera) and iron dagger (Kirpan).
In Sikhism, the holy text Dasam Granth is dedicated to Guru Gobind Singh. Guru Gobind Singh was the only
son of the ninth Sikh Guru Bahadur. He was made the 10th Guru at the age of nine when his father was
beheaded for not following Islam. His sons were killed by the Mughals.
Sikh gurus
Guru Nanak founded Sikhism in 1469 and was the first Sikh Guru. He was succeeded by nine gurus. Guru
Gobind Singh was the last guru of Sikhism. In 1708, the guruship was passed on to the holy sikh scripture
Guru Granth Shib. According to Sikh, the holy text is now the living Guru for the followers of Sikhism.
Sale of Darjeeling Tea affected by illegal influx of Nepal Tea
The prices of Darjeeling Tea that recently received GI tag has fell by 20% to 25% due to unchecked flow of
Nepal Tea into the country.
Highlights
Nepal Tea also known as Himalayan Tea is very similar to that of Darjeeling Tea in aroma, flavor and taste.
But Nepal Tea is 50% cheaper than that of Darjeeling Tea. This is being misused by many traders. Nepal tea
can be imported by anyone freely under Free Trade Agreement between India and Nepal.
Around 16 million kg of Nepal Tea is entering India every year.
Issue
Most of the Nepal Tea is uncertified. On the other hand, 70% of 87 estates growing Darjeeling Tea are
certified organic. The annual export of Darjeeling Tea was Rs 600 crores. Experts believe that it would have
touched Rs 700 crores if Nepal Tea hadn’t played its role.
GI Tag
The Darjeeling Tea and White Tea received GI Tag recently in November 2019. The GI tag is provided to
fetch an identity for the product international market and increase its exports. When such products develop
fake, their exports get affected greatly.
India enacted Geographical Indications of Goods (Registration and Protection) Act, 1999 under Article 22 of
World Trade Organization.
GoI misses its disinvestment target
Government of India misses its disinvestment target as the plan to sell Bharat Petroleum Corporation

Limited (BPCL), Air India and Container Corporation of India has not been succeeded.
Highlights
The Government had planned to sell 53.3% of BPCL, 31% of Concorp as per latest market prices. The
Government had set the Disinvestment target of Rs 1.05 trillion for the year 2019-20. However, it was only
able to extract Rs 17,364 crores. This has increased burden on the economy of the country as the fiscal
deficit of the Government has already touched 115% of the budget estimated for the year 2019-20 as far as
November 30. The deficit will increase further as there are another 4 months (Dec-Mar) to go before the
financial year ends. The data was released by the Controller General of Accounts.
The missing of disinvestment target has impaired its ability to meet its Fiscal Deficit target of 3.3% of GDP.
The fiscal deficit is arising in spite of RBI transferring Rs 1.76 lakh crore rupees. It was widely criticized as
windfall money of the government.
What is Windfall money?
Windfall money is the term used for unexpected money good fortune. The RBI transferred the windfall to the
GoI on recommendation of Jalan Committee.
Air India
Among all the disinvestment targets, Air India is the least performing and at huge losses. In order to solve
the problem, recently it was announced that Air India will stop issuing tickets to government agencies that
owe more than Rs 10 lakh due. This included defence accounts, CBI, BSF, Enforcement Directors, customs
commissioners, etc.
NITI Aayog: Link private medical colleges with district hospitals
On January 1, 2020, the Government Think Tank released its Draft “Model Concession Agreement for
Setting Up Medical Colleges under Public Private Partnership” guideline document. Under the guideline the
think tank has suggested Public Private Partnership (PPP) model to link private medical colleges and
district hospitals.
Highlights
The suggestion will address the issues of limited resources and finances in medical education. The model
is already operative in the states of Gujarat and Karnataka. This will also help in increasing medical seats.
Also, this will help to bridge the gap of shortage of doctors in the country. According to WHO, there is only
one government doctor for every 10,189 people in the country. Also, there is shortage of 2 million nurses in
India. Therefore, the move is very much required.
Concessionaire
The think tank has suggested appointment of concessionaire to design, operate, build and maintain the
medical colleges. The concessionaire shall also be allowed to charge of Rs 10 as registration fees. The
concessionaire shall absorb minimum of 150 students annually.
The concessionaire is the holder of concession, grant to complete the assigned task completely.
Significance
The PPP model ensures high quality and timely provision of services. They also help in hastening
Government projects. Overall, PPP models provide better public services.
Indian Science Congress to begin at Bengaluru
On January 3, 2020, PM Modi will inaugurate Indian Science Congress at Bengaluru. The theme of the
Congress is
Theme: Science and Technology: Rural Development
The Congress is to be hosted by Department of Science and Technology.
Highlights
The 107th Indian Science Congress is to be held between January 3, 2020 and January 7, 2020. The event

will act as a common platform for researchers, scientists and academicians. Around 28 plenary sessions
are to be held during the event. It includes leading technologies such as Climate Smart Agriculture for food
security, challenges in cancer drugs, nano materials for energy, solutions for oil and gas, environment and
health care.
For the first time, Farmers Science Congress is to be held on the sidelines of Indian Science Congress
Farmers Science Congress
The congress will cover themes of innovation on integrated agriculture. It will also focus on themes of
doubling farmers income, farmer empowerment, conservation, bio diversity, etc. The experts from ICAR
(Indian council of Agricultural Research) and UAS (University of Agricultural Sciences) will also participate
at the event along with the farmers whose innovative methodologies have brought in huge harvests.
Children Science Congress
The Children Science Congress also called the “Rashtriya Kishre Vaiguanik Sammelana” will also be held
alongside 107th Indian Science Congress. The aim of the congress is to motivate students and increase their
participation in scientific and technological fields.
Apart from these, women science congress will also be held showcasing women achievements. Also, VC
Science congress will be held to address the need of higher education institutions. The event will also hold
Science Communicators Meet.
January 3, 2020
2020 Designated as “Year of Nurse and Midwife”
th
In the honor of 200 birth anniversary of Florence Nightingale, the World Health Organization designated the
year 2020 as the “Year of Nurse and Midwife”.
Highlights
This year, WHO is to focus on nursing and midwifery in order to achieve Universal Health Coverage. The
organization is leading the development of “World Nursing Report” that is to be launched in 2020. The report
is first of its kind. The year is being dedicated to the midwifery as well as WHO is also a partner of The State
of the World’s Midwifery Campaign.
WHO is to launch the reports prior to 73rd session of WHO which is to be held in Geneva between February 3
and 8, 2020.
Florence Nightingale
Florence Nightingale was an English Social reformer born in 1820. She organized camps for wounded
soldiers and also served as a manager of nurses during the Crimean War. She was called “The Lady with the
Lamp” for making rounds on wounded soldiers. Also, the International Nurse Day is being celebrated in her
honor. Every year, the day is celebrated on May 12. The day is celebrated by the International Council of
Nurses.
India to set strict restrictions on non-essential imports from China
Ministry of Commerce and industry has announced that 371 items from China will get strict restriction from
March 2020. The move aims at curbing imports of non-essential items such as plastic goods, toys, furniture,
sports.
Highlights
The rules are to be framed by the Ministry in coordination with BIS (Bureau of Indian Standards). Though the
rules focus on Chinese imports, it will also be applicable to Indian producers in order to make the
regulations WTO-compliant.
Currently there are 370 standards for imports. India’s plan is to increase the it to 5000 in the second phase.
The move will help boost the local industries and help Indian consumers get quality products.
The non-essential commodities imports include petrochemicals, chemicals, heavy industrial products, steel
products, telecommunication, electronics, etc.
Apart from trade relation with China, India is also concentrating on FTA (Free Trade Agreement) with
ASEAN, Japan and South Korea that enjoy free access to Indian markets. The step is being considered to
boost domestic goods.
Significance
The imports from China that are categorized as non-essential amount to 4 trillion USD. Also, trade deficit
with China is widening and it currently stands at 53.6 billion USD. The step will help in reducing India’s
dependence on China and will also help in curbing low quality imports from China. This is the main reason
why India refused to join RCEP.
Palau first country to ban sunscreen to protect Coral Reefs
The Pacific Island, Palau has become the first country to ban sun cream that is harmful to corals. The
country has banned common ingredients used in cosmetics including oxybenzone.
Highlights
The order of the ban was passed in 2018. However, it comes into effect from January 1, 2020. The Rock
Islands in the Palau is a UNESCO World Heritage Site. The country has banned 10 ingredients that harm
coral reefs. It includes oxybenzone, ethyl paraben, Octinoxate, Butyl paraben, Octocrylene, methyl
benzylidene camphor, triclosan, benzyl paraben, methyl paraben, phenoxyethanol
Following Palau, other states such as Hawaii in US has also introduced such bans. The Hawaii ban comes
into effect from 2021. The other states that have introduced such ban includes US Virgin Islands, Dutch
Carribean Islands.
Though, it is a good start, the ban has to spread globally rather than pertaining locally.
How are sun creams harmful to corals?
The sun creams absorb UV radiations and make corals susceptible to bleaching. It is estimated that around
6 to 14,000 tons of sunscreen are washed into reefs annually.
Why Palau?
Palau is made of large volcanic islands and small coral reefs. The country has taken several climatic steps
despite of its size. Palau was the second nation to ratify Paris climate agreement after Fiji.
World Book Fair, 2020 at New Delhi
The New Delhi World Book Fair organized by the National Book Trust is being held for 42 years now. The
trust is an apex body of Government of India functioning under Ministry of Human Resource Development.
Highlights
The World Book Fair is to be held between January 4, 2020 and January 12, 2020. The fair is organized
jointly by National Book Trust and India Trade Promotion Organization. More than 800 exhibitors and 40
foreign exhibitors are to participate in the fair. The fair also acts as a gateway to the intellectual world of
South Asia. The theme of the fair is
Theme: Gandhi, the Writers’ Writer
Significance
The fair promotes readership policies and also supports the markets in neighboring countries. The fair is
important for the Indian market as India is the third largest market for English publications with more than
12,000 publishers. The fair also attracts investors from other countries like USA, Japan, Bangladesh, France,
Italy, Malaysia, Nepal, Saudi Arabia, Pakistan, Singapore, Germany and Sri Lanka.
National Book Trust
The Indian Publishing House founded in 1957 functions under Ministry of Human Resource Development. It
publishes reading material in several Indian languages that includes children books and new-literates. The
Headquarters of the trust is located in New Delhi.

Khelo India Youth Games to be held in Guwahati
The Khelo India Youth Game is to be held between February 10, 2020 and February 22, 2020 in Guwahati,
Assam. The Games are conducted annually.
Highlights
Every year national level multidisciplinary grass root level games are conducted under Khelo India Youth
Games event. The games include two categories namely under-17-year school students and under-21-year
college student. Under the event, annual scholarship of Rs 5,00,000 is given for 1000 kids to prepare them
for international sporting events.
The event is to be held in 20 disciplines. All the 37 states and union territories are to participate in the
event. The first edition of the event was held in New Delhi, second edition in Pune and the third edition is to
be held in Guwahati, Assam.
The state of Haryana considered the “Sports Powerhouse” topped the sport event in 2018.
Training of Trainers Programme (TOT)
Under the programme, around 160 trainers are trained. The programme is carried out semi-annually. It
includes principals, teachers and physical education trainers. The programme is also a part of Khelo India
project.
Khelo India was launched by PM Modi in January 2018. In 2018, around 734 students were selected for the
scholarship.
PM Modi pays tribute to Savitribai Phule on her birthday
On January 3, 2020, PM Narendra Modi paid his tribute to the Indian Social Reformer Savitribai Phule. She
was born on January 3, 1831.
Savitribai Phule
Savitribai is considered as the first female teacher of India. She played vital role in improving women rights
in the country. She is also regarded as “Mother of Indian Feminism”. She along with her husband Jyotirao
Phule founded the first India’s girls’ school in Pune in 1848.
She worked hard to abolish gender discrimination and caste discrimination. She was a prolific Marathi
writer.
Some of her literary works include Bavan Kashi Subodh Ratnakar, Kavya Phule, Go Get Education.
Establishments
Savitribai Phule set up “Balhatya Pratibandhak Griha”. That works to prevent female infanticides, killing of
pregnant rape victims and widows. She along with her husband also founded Satyashodhak Samaj that
supported inter-caste marriages.
Legacies
A memorial was created for Phule by the Pune City Corporation in 1983. In 2015, The Union Government
renamed University of Pune as Savitribai Phule Pune University. In 1998, a stamp was released in honor of
Phule.
Born in lower caste, she is now considered as an icon along with Ambedkar and Annabhau Sathe.
Farmer Suicide: Steep rise in Maharashtra; highest in 4 years
In November 2019, the number of farmer suicides increased to 300 cases in Maharashtra. The steep
increase in farmer suicides though has crossed 300 several times, this is the highest since 2015.
Highlights
The farmer suicides in the state have increased by 61% in 2019 as compared to 2018. This was primarily
due to unseasonal rains that lashed the state in October and November. The rains destroyed almost 70% of
Kharif crops. The draught prone belt of Marathwada and Vidarbha recorded the largest number of farmer
suicides.

Between January and November in 2018 the number of farmer suicides in Maharashtra were 2,518. In 2019,
the number was 2,532 for the same duration. The issue certainly in the region is highly troublesome!
Maharashtra is facing highest farmer suicides in spite of loan waivers. This is mainly because in 2018, the
region faced rain deficit during Monsoon and in 2019 the fields were lashed by floods.
While, the farmers suicides in Maharashtra is being tracked, the overall farmer suicides in the country is
facing issues.
The NCRB issue
The National Crime Record Bureau (NCRB) released its report on crime and suicides in the country in
October 2019 for the year 2017. However, the NCRB held back data on farmers suicide and released it after
a month. After holding back, the Bureau released the report on farmer suicides for the year 2016 claiming
farmer suicides in the country has declined. The record for the year 2017 farmer suicides is yet to be
released. Also, the record for crimes for the year 2018 has not yet been released.
Farmer Suicide report
The highest farm suicides were reported in Maharashtra, followed by Karnataka, Madhya Pradesh,
Telangana and Andhra Pradesh in the year 2017. The total number of farm sector suicides for the year 2016
was 11,379. Out of these, number of farmers were 6,270. In 2015, the farm sector suicides were 12,602 and
number of farmers were 8,007.
Ministry of External Affairs creates “NEST” to increase investment coordination
The Ministry of External Affairs is to set up a new division called NEST-New and Emerging Strategic
Technologies. The division will work to increase investment coordination among the states of the country
and also with the foreign countries.
Highlights
The NEST will act as a nodal point to exchange views with foreign governments. This will help in
confronting emerging challenges and scenarios in new technologies. With India coping with issues of
security implications in 5G and artificial intelligence, NEST division will help India spread emerging
technologies among the states. It will also aid in coordination among domestic ministries and departments.
The division will also hold responsibility for matters that involves negotiations with multilateral fora like
United Nations, G20. This will help to safeguard India’s interests as such forums govern the rules of access
to such technologies.
The Emerging Technologies
The top Emerging Technologies in India are Artificial Intelligence and Internet of things. The emerging 5G
technology will improve the performance of IoT platforms.
3D printing finds its application widely in areas such as defence, aerospace, automobile, engineering and
medical. Robotic Process Automation (RPA) is yet another emerging technology that finds its application in
supply chain management and customer services.
First Silk Processing plant in Gujarat to boost “PATOLA SAREE” production
On January 3, 2020, the Khadi and Village Industries Commission (KVIC) inaugurated the first “Patola
Saree” production unit in Gujarat. This will help to cut down the cost of silk yarn production and also will
increase the sale of raw material for Patola sarees.
Highlights
The silk production plant has employed 90 local women of which 70 belong to Muslim community. The
installation cost of the plant was Rs 75 lakh and the KVIC operating under Ministry of MSME has
contributed Rs 60 lakhs. The plant has been built in a backward district of Gujarat (Surendranagar district).
The aim of the plant is to make silk readily available to Patola saree manufacturers to boost its production.

Patola Saree
Patola is the trademark saree of Gujarat. They are highly expensive and were once worn only by royal
aristocratic families. With the new plant, the cost is expected to come down.
The idea behind the installation of new plant is to buy cocoon from the states of Karnataka and West Bengal
and process them in the plant. This will help reduce the cost of production to a great extent.
Among all silk varieties in India, Patola sarees are among the top 5 silk sarees.
History
The Patola silk was founded by the Salvi caste (Scheduled) in the states of Maharashtra and Karnataka.
They moved to Gujarat in 12th century in order to acquire patronage of Rajputs.
2636 EV Charging Stations sanctioned under Phase II FAME India
The Department of Heavy Industries operating under Ministry of Heavy Industries and Public Enterprises
has sanctioned 2636 Electric Vehicle (EV) charging stations under FAME India scheme Phase II. The
stations are to be set in 62 cities in 24 states and Union Territories.
Highlights
The aim of the move is to make sure at least one Electric Vehicle charging station is available in a grid of 4
km × 4km area in the selected cities. Out of the 2636 charging stations to be constructed, 1633 will be fast
charging stations and 1003 are to be slow charging stations.
FAME India
FAME India is Faster Adoption and Manufacturing of (Hybrid) and Electric Vehicles. The objective of the
scheme is to increase the use of electric and hybrid vehicles by offering incentives. The phase I of the
scheme was launched on April 1, 2015 with an allocated budget of Rs 895 crores. The phase II was
launched on April 1, 2019 with an allocated budget of Rs 10,000 crores.
Charging Technologies
India has planned to use three charging technologies. It includes CHAdeMO, Indian Bharat Standard and
Combined Charging System (CCS). CHAdeMO is a quick charging method that delivers up to 62.5 KW by 500
volt and 125 ampere DC (Direct Current). The CCS involves both DC and AC charging.
January 4, 2020
171 Hospitals de-empanelled under Ayushman Bharat Scheme
On January 3, 2020, around 171 hospitals were de-empanelled by Ministry of Health and Family Welfare for
committing fraud. The Ministry had also imposed a fine of Rs 4.5 crores. The FIRs were lodged on 6
hospitals in Uttarakhand and Jharkhand states.
Highlights
The Anti-Fraud units detected fake e-cards and lodged FIRs in the corresponding states. It is the
responsibility of the sate health agency to create an e-card and add additional family member under the
scheme if any. The Anti-Fraud Unit detected that the private hospitals were fraudulently performing these
government reserved procedures.
Earlier similar cases were detected by the unit in Chhattisgarh, Madhya Pradesh and Punjab and penalties
were imposed.
Anti-Fraud Units
The Anti-Fraud Units operate under the guidelines provided by National Health Agency operating under
Ministry of Health and Family Welfare.
National Health Agency
The National Health Agencies were set up in order to implement India’s flagship scheme “Ayushman
Bharat”. The National Health Authority is the successor of National Health Agency.

Ayushman Bharat
The scheme aims at covering 10 crore poor families providing health coverage of 5 lakh rupees per family.
The scheme is recently being criticized widely for the increased fraudulent activities by private hospitals. At
least 697 fake cases have been registered in Uttarakhand alone. However, the scheme unlike its previous
scheme Rashtriya Swasthya Bhima Yojana uses robust IT infrastructure to locate suspicious surges.
US army kills Iranian Commander Soleimani: India’s Concerns
On January 3, 2020, the US army killed Iran’s most powerful military commander General Qasem Soleimani.
He was killed at Baghdad airport.
Highlights
In a drone strike held by the US force at Baghdad airport, the Iranian Commander was killed along with other
Iran supported militia heads. Under his leadership Iran had expanded its military presence in Syria and Iraq.
India’s Concerns
The region where the air strike was held is an extended neighborhood that houses 7 million Indians. These
Overseas Citizens residing in Iran send valuable foreign remittance. India is also worried about the impact
of the tensions on international fuel prices that soared by 4% on the very same day.
India is not purchasing oil from Iran at present. In May 2019, India stopped purchasing oil from Iran
following US sanctions. However, unrest in the region will impact the oil imports from Saudi Arabia. This is
because most of the imports to India from Saudi Arabia takes place through Strait of Hormuz controlled by
Iran. Saudi Arabia is the second largest oil supplier of India after Iraq. In 2018-19, Saudi Arabia supplied
40.33 million tons of crude oil.
Also, the tensions could impact India’s trade with the region. India’s trade with the region now stands at 78
billion USD. The trade in the region is predominantly with the Gulf Cooperation Members that includes
Kuwait, Saudi-Arabia, Bahrain, Qatar and Oman.
India’s Foreign Exchange touches all time high of 457.468 billion USD
RBI announced that Foreign Exchange Reserves of India has swelled by 2.52 billion USD in the week that
ended on December 27, 2019. The Central Bank also said that the country’s special drawing rights with the
IMF (International Monetary Fund) dipped by 2 million USD and the reserve position increased by 58 million
USD. Currently, India SDR with the IMF is 1.4441 billion USD and the reserve is 3.7 billion USD.
Special Drawing Rights
The special drawing rights (SDR) is a kind of foreign exchange reserve held by countries in terms of leading
currencies with the International Monetary Fund. It was created in 1969. The SDR is regarded as the basket
that comprises of four major currencies of the world. It currently includes USD, British pound, Euro and Yen
(Japan). The composition of the basket is reviewed once in five years. During the review, the weightage of
the currency also gets altered.
Reserve Position
The Reserve Position or Reserve Tranche Position is the difference between IMF holdings of a country and
the designated IMF quota of the country. The financing of the IMF is governed through the quota allocated
to a country. This quota is payable in special drawing rights of the country and also in member’s own
currency.
The part of the quota that can be withdrawn without any interest is the Reserve Tranche Position.
How do reserves affect Currency?
Reserves act as shock absorbents of negative effects of exchange rate of a currency. The central bank of a
country (like RBI) use these reserves to maintain a stable exchange rate. The bank buys or sells the reserves
depending on the direction the exchange prices are intended to move.
India does not intend to maintain a specific exchange rate. It holds reserves in terms of other currencies in

order to reduce the volatility of rupee in the market. (Volatility is the risk involved in change of exchange
rates).
In simple words, when RBI buys dollars to support a weakening rupee. Buying dollars creates infusion of
rupees into the system leaving an inflationary effect on the economy.
January 4: World Braille Day
Every Year January 4 is celebrated as World Braille Day in order to mark the birth anniversary of Louis
Braille. Louis is the inventor of Braille, a written language for blind people.
Highlights
The World Braille Day is celebrated by the United Nations and also by other world organizations. In
November 2018, the UN passed a resolution in order to celebrate the day. The day was first celebrated on
January 4, 2019.
The World Braille Day spreads awareness about Braille script and other accessible forms of
communication. Many establishments like banks, hospitals and restaurants fail to print their materials in
Braille script. This creates difficulties for visually impaired people. The day marks such difficulties and
spreads awareness of their importance.
Louis Braille
Louis Braille was born in Coupvray, France. He lost both his eyes at the age of 3. This was the prime reason
behind Braille inventing the 6-dot language called Braille.
Challenges in the use of Braille
Many schools do not offer literacy in Braille. There are many countries in the world that have not included
Braille in their educational curriculum. According to the WHO, there are around 2.2 billion people in the
world with vision impairment.
Global steps
The 2006 Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities considers Braille essential for education.
Also, the 2030 Sustainable Development Goals that were adopted in 2015 pledges that no one will be left
behind.
“Cyber Safe Initiative” launched by Maharashtra Government
On January 3, 2020, Cyber Safe Initiative was launched by Maharashtra Government. The initiative was
launched commemorating the birth anniversary of Indian Social Reformer Savitribai Phule. Savitribai Phule
was the first female teacher of India.
Highlights
The aim of the initiative is to spread awareness against atrocities committed against children and women.
It will also create awareness about laws on cybercrime. The campaign is to be implemented all over the
state by the State Government in collaboration with state police, public relations department and cyber cell.
The campaign is to be launched in all districts of Maharashtra creating awareness about laws existing in
cybercrimes. It will also create awareness against crimes such as bank frauds, child pornography, photo
shuffling, online gaming, cyber defamation information and false information sites.
Central measures against cybercrimes
At central level, the Ministry of Home Affairs runs a twitter handle called “Cyber Dost” that creates pertinent
posts on prevention and protection against cybercrimes. The Home Affairs Ministry had also launched the
Cyber Crime Prevention against women and children Scheme in January 2019. The scheme had a total
outlay of Rs 223.198 crores. The main features of the scheme include online cybercrime reporting platform,
research and development, cybercrime awareness activities.
Significance
According to Crime Report-2017, released by NCRB (National Crime Record Bureau) in 2019, the number of

cyber crimes in the country have been increasing constantly. In 2014, the number of cyber crimes were
9,622, in 2015, it increased to 11,592 and in 2016 the number of cybercrimes were 12,317.
The legal framework of cyber crimes is provided by the Information Technology Act, 2000.
Lai Haraoba Festival begins in Tripura
On January 2, 2020, the Lai Haraoba festival began in Tripura. The festival will be celebrated for 5 days. The
festival is celebrated by the Meitei community. The community is spread across Assam, Tripura, Manipur,
Meghalaya, Myanmar and Bangladesh. However, the festival is widely celebrated in the state of Manipur.
Lai Haraoba Festival
Lai Haraoba festival is celebrated by Meitei people to please sacred trees called “Umang Lai”. They speak
the language called “Meiteilon”. The Lai Haraoba Festival in the state of Manipur is celebrated in the month
of May.
Umang Lai
Umang Lai are the sacred trees that are preserved for the local forest deities. The trees have significant
place in Sanamahism. The followers of the religion mainly worship elements of nature such as mountains,
water and fire. According to 2011 census, around 8% of Manipur population are following Sanamahism.
Eighth Schedule of Constitution
There are 22 languages in the Eighth Schedule of Constitution. Article 346 says that Hindi in Devanagari
script is the official language. However, English is also allowed to be used as official language.
The Language Meiteilon (also called Manipuri) is included in the Eighth Schedule of Constitution of India.
Vertical Farming: A silent Revolution in Agriculture
The current world population is 7.7 billion (April 2019). According to the United Nations, the global
population is to reach 10 billion by 2050 and therefore the food production should increase by 70%.
What is Vertical Farming?
Vertical Farming is the process of growing agricultural crops in vertical stacks in door, in a controlled
environment. It uses the same amount of water as that of regular farming. However, the other raw materials
consumed by vertical farming is less. According to FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization) of the United
Nations, vertical farming consumes 75% less raw material as compared to traditional farming.
In terms of land area, vertical farming will require 6 square metres of land space to produce same quantity
of food as grown in 72 square metres of land in traditional farming.
Benefits
Under Vertical Farming, the plants are grown indoors with or without soil. This protects the crops from
incessant rains, unruly winds and dry climate. It is well suited for urban areas. The crop yield in vertical
farming is more than traditional farming as it adopts two major farming techniques namely hydroponics and
aeroponics.
Hydroponics and Aeroponics
In Hydroponics technique, roots are submerged in water that is infused with nutrients. Aeroponics is a
farming method where plants are grown in closed or semi-closed environment with nutrients sprayed in the
air.
Carbon print
The United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP)’s Emission Gap Report of 2019 says that Agriculture
and Transportation are among the five world’s biggest emitters of greenhouse gases. On the other hand, the
carbon print of Vertical Farming is very less. With adaptation of nano cost climate control, low-carbon
electricity, high-efficiency lighting, vertical farming achieves low carbon foot print easily.
India’s status
In India Vertical Farming has been introduced in 2019. ICAR is working on techniques and adaptations to

introduce in the market. However, it has still not found its application at wider level.
FSI: 21.4% of forest cover prone to forest fires
The Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change recently released India State of Forest Report,
2019. The report predominantly talks about forest cover in the country. The report also mentions about
forest fires in the country.
Highlights of forest fire
According to the report, 21.4% of Indian forests are prone to forest fires. The report has given the figures
after a thorough study of fire points identified between 2004 and 2017. The study says that forests in
central India and north-eastern India are most vulnerable to forest fires.
The total number of forest fire alerts issued between November 2018 and June 2019 were 29,547. Out of
these alerts, Mizoram recorded the highest. Of the alerts received, one-third were from north-eastern states.
The major reason for increased number of alerts in north eastern region is slash and burn cultivation
(Jhoom Cultivation).
The report also said that the overall forest cover of the country has increased. However, the forest cover in
the north east region has declined.
Forest Survey of India
The Forest Survey of India begun in 1981. It is the successor of Pre investment Survey of Forest Resources
(PISFR). The PISFR was supported by FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization). The report is published
twice a year.
January 5, 2020
NHRC issues notice to Rajasthan Government
On January 4, 2020 National Human Rights Commission has sent notice to the Rajasthan Government over
the death of more than 100 children in the state-run hospital in Kota, Rajasthan in the month of December
alone. The commission seeks a detailed report on the reasons behind the death. Union Health Ministry has
sent an expert panel to conduct gap analysis of clinical protocols, human resources and equipment and
paediatric services.
National Human Rights Commission
The NHRC is a public body constituted in 1993 under the Protection of Human Rights act. The commission
has powers to inquire violations of human rights by government of India and by any public servant. It shall
also review acts of terrorism inhibiting acts of terrorism. NHRC also studies treaties on human rights
globally and suggests recommendations of their implementation.
By law, every state should set up human rights commission. However, only 22 states have such commission
at state level currently. There are still eight states in India without human rights commissions. It includes
Goa, Arunachal Pradesh, Meghalaya, Nagaland, Mizoram, Tripura, Haryana and Uttarakhand.
Composition of NHRC
NHRC consists of a chairman who has been a judge of supreme court or Chief Justice of India. The other
members include ex-judge of supreme court, ex-chief justice of high court, chair persons of national
commissions of SC, ST, BC, minorities.
I-Stem portal; DRDO Science Expo launched at the Indian Science congress
On January 3, 2020, PM Modi inaugurated the 107th Indian Science Congress in Bengaluru. He launched the
I-Stem portal at the inaugural function. Also, the Defence Research Development Organization (DRDO) has
installed more than 150 exhibits at the congress
I-STEM Portal
I-STEM is Indian Science, Technology Engineering Facilities Map. The portal will act as a gateway for the
researchers and users to locate facilities that are required for their research and development work. Also,
after locating the facility, the researcher can make an online reservation in order to use the facility. With
this, the start-ups can leverage public and private investments and come up with successful services and
products.
Initially, similar facility was operating at IISc Bengaluru and IIT Bombay. The I-STEM portal is a replica of
these facilities. The facility at IISc Bengaluru was called the Centre for Nano Science and Engineering
(CeNSE).
DRDO Science Exhibit
Around 31 DRDO laboratories have show cased more than 150 exhibits at the expo. The outdoor exhibit of
DRDO technologies that were manufactured under “Make in India” include ASLESHA, ASTRA missile, Quick
Reaction Surface to Air Missile (QRSAM), Long Range Surface-to-Air Missile (LRSAM), Bharani, autonomous
surveillance robots, etc. The indoor exhibits of DRDO includes Prithvi missiles, NAG missiles, Akash, Helina,
Nirbhay, Bukhari, etc.
Project NETRA: ISRO Signs pact to set up optical Telescope
The Indian Space Research Organization signed a pact with Indian Institute of Astrophysics to establish an
optical telescope under “Project NETRA”. The organisation also tied up with NIT-Karnataka to set up a
regional academic centre for space to promote research and development.
Project NETRA
Project NETRA was launched by ISRO in September 2019. Under the Project, ISRO plans to set up
observational facilities that will help in making early warnings to satellites about debris and hazards in their
orbit. It includes radars, telescopes, control centres and data processing units. The aim is to make the
facilities powerful enough to track even the smallest particle of 10 cm diameter up to a range of 3,400 km.
Significance
The project will help India detect threats to Indian satellites from debris. Currently, India operates 15
communication satellites, 13 remote sensing satellites and eight navigation satellites.
Need
Space debris is the biggest problem of the satellites sector. There are more than 7,500 tonnes of space
debris that are circling the earth at present. These junks include screws of old rocket bodies to defunct
space crafts that pose collision hazard to satellites.
NETRA of DRDO
Apart from ISRO, DRDO (Defence Research Development Organisation) operates NETRA (Network Traffic
Analysis). It is a software network used to analyse internet traffic. It is used by Research and Analysis Wing
(RAW), Intelligence Bureau (IB) and other intelligence agencies of Government of India.
Turtle Rehab Centre in Bihar-First of its kind
In January 2020, a turtle rehabilitation Centre is to be set up in Bihar’s Bhagalpur forest. The centre will
shelter more than 500 turtles and is to be spread over half a hectare.
Highlights
The rehab centre will act as home to sick and severely injured turtles that are being rescued from
smugglers. Prior to the rehab, the forest officials were not able to monitor the rescued turtles before
releasing them into rivers. The rehab centre will help in solving this problem.
Why Bhagalpur?
The flow of water in River Ganga in Bhagalpur is ample. There are number of sandbanks in the region that
act as ideal breeding ground for the turtles. Also, the turtles in the region weigh up to 15 kilograms and are
smuggled in large extent.
According to a report by National Mission for Clean Ganga and WII (Wildlife Institute of India), the turtles in
the region are under great threat due to habitat fragmentation due to dams and barrages, illegal poaching,

pollution, accidental drowning in fishing nets. Therefore, it is essential to save such life threatened turtles
and release back to the river in the right season.
Need
According to a study of Traffic India, every year around 11,000 turtles are smuggled from India. They are
targeted for their meat as turtle meat gives energy boost and keeps diseases away. The hard-shell turtles
are poached for pet trade. They are in high demand in China, Japan and South East Asia.
Odisha’s Bhitarkanika National Park Census: Increase in Salt Water Crocodiles
According to the recent census at the Bhitarkanika National Park, the population of salt water (or estuarine)
crocodiles have increased to 1,757 as compared to 1,742 in 2018.
Highlights
The peak winter is the ideal time to carry out the census as it exposes more than 50% of mud banks. Around
22 teams were formed to count the crocodiles in the creeks and rivers in the park and its surrounding area.
The teams sited 620 hatchlings, 288 juveniles, 325 yearlings, 185 sub adults and 339 adults. The crocodile
count in the park has been increasing gradually. According to the census, in 2000, there were 1,192
crocodiles in the park.
In August 2019, the Bhitarkanika National Park reported that 3,000 crocodiles were born from 103 nests.
The chances of baby crocodiles reaching adulthood is very less. Only one in 500 baby crocodiles reach
adulthood.
The IUCN status of salt water crocodile is Least Concern.
Bhitarkanika National Park
The Park obtained the status of Ramsar site in 2002. It was the second area to get the status after Chilika
lake. The Park is the second largest mangrove ecosystem in India.
The Fauna of the park includes saltwater crocodile, black ibis, Indian Python, wild boar, cobra, darter,
monitor lizard, etc. The park holds Guinness World Record of spotting largest male salt water crocodile in
the world that weighed 2,000 kg in 2006.
National Pension Scheme for traders: Not successful as expected
The National Pension Scheme for traders, Shopkeepers and Self-Employed persons, also called the Pradhan
Mantri Laghu Vyapari Maan-dhan Yojana was launched in July 2019. It aimed at benefitting 3 crore small
traders and shopkeepers
Highlights
The Government set a target of 50 lakh enrolment by the end of March 2020. However, only 25,000 persons
have applied so far.
Among all states Uttar Pradesh has highest registrations with 6,765 persons. No one has so far registered
in the scheme in the states of Mizoram and Lakshadweep.
About the scheme
The scheme is being implemented by Ministry of Labour and Employment. In order to enrol in the scheme,
GSTIN is required only for those whose turnover is above Rs 40 lakhs. Also, the participant of the scheme
should not be an income tax payer.
Concerns
Under the scheme the subscribers will receive monthly pension of Rs 3000 after the age of 60. The persons
in the age of 18-40 years are eligible to apply to the scheme.
The beneficiaries of the scheme believe that the majority of the population start their pension plans
between 40 and 55. The scheme excludes the age group between 40 and 55. Also, Rs 3000 being provided
as premium after 30 years will hardly have value as money would have inflated by then.

APEDA: Eight States finalise Agricultural Action Plan to boost Exports
On January 5, 2020, the Agricultural and Processed Food Products Export Development Authority (APEDA)
announced that eight states namely Maharashtra, Kerala, Uttar Pradesh, Nagaland, Assam, Tamil Nadu,
Punjab and Karnataka finalised their action plan to boost agricultural exports.
Highlights
The Agricultural Export Policy was introduced in December 2018. The policy aimed at doubling agricultural
exports from 30 billion USD to 60 billion USD by 2022. The APEDA nodal officers visited the product clusters
at various cities in order to check if the policy implementation and their plan is effective. The product
clusters selected were at Jalandhar (Potato), Sangli (Grapes), Salem (Poultry products), Theni (Banana).
Chittoor (Mango) and several other places.
Also, the states are operating a market intelligence cell under the guidance of APEDA that report the activity
of e-market intelligence, international trade issues and also about the current scenario of exporters and
statistical information.
The National Cooperative Development Corporation have signed MoUs with the APEDA to include co-
operatives in implementing the Agricultural Export Policy. Over 800 Farmer Producer Organizations have
signed the agreement so far.
Need
In 2016, India’s share in global agricultural exports was merely 2.2%. Also, the policy aims at addressing
issues like poor infrastructure, low farm productivity and global price volatility which are the need of the
moment.
January 6, 2020
GoI to confer first “Antarrashtriya Yoga Diwas Media Samman”
On January 7, 2020, the Ministry of Information and Broadcasting will confer “Antarrashtriya Yoga Diwas
Media Samman” to 30 media houses. The award is being presented for the first time. The aim of the award
is to acknowledge positive role of media in disseminating outreach of Yoga.
Highlights
The awards are to be provided in the categories of Best Media Coverage of Yoga in Television (8 awards),
Best Media Coverage of yoga in Radio (11 awards), Best Media Coverage of Yoga in Newspapers (11
awards).
The awards were announced for the first time in June 2019. GoI has been pushing Yoga practices since
2014. In September 2014, during his United Nations General Assembly address proposed the idea of
celebrating International Yoga Day every year. A resolution was passed by the UN following this and now
International Day of Yoga is being celebrated every year on 21 June.
Why June 21?
June 21 is the day of Summer Solstice. During summer solstice, north pole gets tilted towards the sun. In
other words, sun begins to move from north to south. According to Yoga, this time is the best time for
meditation. This is mainly because, the exposure of sun rays on the earth is the longest and hence positive
energy is at the highest according to Yoga. June 21 is also the longest day of the year.
MECOS-3, 2020: Global Marine Ecosystem Meet in Kochi
The Marine Ecosystems-Challenges and Opportunities (MECOS), the third international symposium is to be
held in Kochi. The symposium is conducted by the Marine Biological association of India between January
7, 2020 and January 10, 2020.
Highlights
Scientists, Fisheries researchers, Marine biotechnologists and oceanographers from all over the world are
to participate in the meet. The symposium will act as a common platform for the experts to discuss on
climate crisis, unusual warming of Arabian Sea, ocean acidification, etc. It will discuss development of
small-scale fisheries, green fishing technologies and eco-labelling. The symposium will review concerns of
marine ecosystem and will formulate new strategies for sustainable utilisation of marine wealth.
The Conference is important because billions of people rely on oceans for their jobs and food. A Healthy
ocean is also important for economic growth and food production.
SDG-14
The symposium is to focus on the Sustainable Development Goal of the United Nations, SDG-14. SDG-14
says, “Conserve and Sustainably use the oceans and its resources for sustainable development”
Significance
Ocean acidification that is caused due to uptake of carbon-dioxide has changed the chemical composition
of the seawaters. According to the United Nations, over the past 30 years, acidity has increased by 26%
since pre-industrial times. The marine fish stocks that are at biologically sustainable levels have declined
from 90% (1974) to 99.9% (2015).
India Russia to sign MoUs on AK-203 assault rifles
The Indian Army will sign MoU with Russia to procure AK-203 assault rifles. According to the deal, around 1
lakh rifles are to be received directly from Russia and the rest will be manufactured in India
Highlights
The rifles will be manufactured at Korwa in Uttar Pradesh by a joint Venture (JV) called Indo-Russian Rifles
Private Limited (IRRPL). Of the JV, 50.5% is to be owned by India and 49.5% by Russia.
Current Status
Apart from the AK-203 rifles, the Indian army recently received the first batch of 10,000 SIG-716 assault
rifles from US. The contract was signed in February 2019. The plan is to provide the high cost SIGs to the
front-line troops and the remaining forces will be armed with AK-203 rifles. Currently Indian army is using
indigenous INSAS (Indian National Small Arms System) rifles and is looking for ways to replace them.
INSAS
INSAS is a light machine gun that is currently being manufactured at Ordnance Factory Trichy, Ishapore
Arsenal and Kanpur. It was adopted in 1990. The rifles were widely used during Kargil war. There were
complaints of jamming and cracking of the rifles in high altitudes of Himalayas. Similar complaints were
also reported by the Nepalese army during the 2005 Maoists clash.
India’s UJALA Programme completes 5 successful years
On January 5, 2020, Unnat Jyoti by Affordable LEDs for All (UJALA) and LED Street Lighting National
Programme (SLNP) marked their fifth anniversary. The schemes were implemented by Energy Efficiency
Services Limited (EESL). EESL is a joint venture of PSU operating under Ministry of Power.
Highlights
Under the SLNP initiative, in five years around 1.03 crore smart LED street lights were installed. This helped
in reducing Green House Gas emission by 4.8 million tonnes annually. Also, the initiative has created 13,000
jobs.
Under UJALA programme, 36.13 crore LED bubs have been distributed so far. This helped in reducing the
green house gas emission by 38 million tonnes annually.
Awards
The initiatives have been highly successful and hence gained world wide recognition. The programmes
received South Asia Procurement Innovation Award (SAPLA) in 2017 and CIO 100 award in 2019.
Prices
The scheme has brought down the prices of LED bulbs to one-tenth of rates as in 2015. Also, they have
helped in reducing customer bills by 15%.

Future Plans
The SLNP programme aims to replace 1.34 crore street lights with smart LEDs by March 2020. This will help
in reducing peak demands by 1.5 GW. Also, this will reduce Green House Gas Emissions by 6.2 million
tonnes. The implementing agency of the schemes has planned to invest another 8,000 crores of rupees by
2024 to install mote than 30 million LED street lights.
Iran withdraws from the JCPOA deal completely
On January 5, 2020, Iran had completely withdrawn from JCPOA (Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action)
nuclear deal. The announcement came after the US troops killed General Qassem Soleimani.
Highlights
In 2018, the United States walked away from the nuclear deal. However, the other participants such as
Russia, China, European Union, France, Germany and UK tried to keep the agreement alive. According to the
deal, Iran curbed its nuclear programme in exchange to relief from sanctions.
Several organisations including the United Nations found that Iran was compliant towards the agreement.
However, US was insistent on withdrawing from the agreement.
Why did US pull out of the deal?
According to the Unites States, the JCPOA gives Iran access to billions of dollars. However, its does not
stop Iran from supporting the groups that US and its allies consider terrorists. It mainly includes Hamas and
Hezbollah.
Hamas
Hamas is a Sunni-Islamic militant organisation. It was founded in 1987 and since then has fought several
wars against US, Israel and European Union. Some of the countries that were constantly supporting Hamas
were China, Russia and Turkey.
Hezbollah
The organisation was founded in 1980s and its members follow Shia Islamism. Hezbollah currently is a
proxy of Iran in the ongoing Iran-Israel conflict.
AI powered National Stock Exchange Knowledge Hub inaugurated in New Delhi
On January 6, 2020, the National Stock Exchange (NSE) knowledge Hub was inaugurated. The hub will
assist insurance, banking and financial services. The hub has adopted the latest technology of Artificial
Intelligence.
Highlights
The technologies such as Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning are two major keys for India to
become 1 trillion-dollar economy by 2035. The hub is one such step of the technologies to boost the
economy of the country. The learning modules in the hub will help in understanding the stock exchange and
its functioning better. It will help in creating an adequate work force.
Significance
The AI technology hub will also ensure affordable skill upgradation. The hub will make learning materials
easily accessible. With the help of the hub, the NSE shall now enhance its skills. With India being the second
largest fintech hub in the world, the hub will help NSE further aid India’s progress.
India’s position in AI
According to RESEARCH AGENCY Itihaasa, India ranks third in Artificial Intelligence. The rankings were
provided by the agency based on the research publications in the field. China stands first with 37,918
researches on AI followed by US with 32,421 researches. India holds 12,135 research documents on AI.
BEE sets new standards for ACs: Default temperature set to 24 Degree Celsius
The Government of India has released new performance energy standards for the performance of air
conditioners after consulting Bureau of Energy Efficiency (BEE). The BEE operating under Ministry of Power

develop strategies and policies with primary objective of reduction in energy usage. According to BEE, the
total air conditioner capacity of India is 80 million tonnes of refrigeration. It is estimated that this will
increase to 250 million by 2030.
Highlights of the new standards
The ISEER (Indian Seasonal Energy Efficiency Ratio) according to the new standard should be in the range
of 2.7 to 3.5 for window ACs and 3.3 to 5 for split air conditioners. ISEER is the ratio between total amount
of heat an AC can remove when operated in active mode to the amount of energy required during the same
period.
Also, the air conditioners should have a default setting temperature of 24 degree Celsius. The default
setting is applicable to all brands and types including unitary ACs, Split ACs, multi-stage ACs, and the ACs
that are rated between 1 star and 5 star. The new standards come into effect from January 1, 2020.
Voluntary Star Labelling
In 2006, the BEE launched the voluntary star labelling programme. However, the labelling was applicable
only to fixed speed Room Air Conditioners. The star labelling programme launched helped in saving 4.6
billion units in the year 2017-18 alone
Current Scenario in India
According to Power Ministry, every one degree increase in air-conditioner temperature results in saving 6%
of electricity consumed. Countries like Japan has regulation to keep temperature set default at 28 degree
Celsius. The concept of default setting was introduced in 2018. Since then several campaigns and surveys
were conducted to spread awareness and get feedback about the default setting.
ICMR releases report on Sugar Intake of India, Report first of its kind
On January 5, 2020, the Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) released its report on sugar intake of
India. The intake was measured in grams per day. The report was released based on a joint survey
conducted by ICMR, NIN (National Institute of Nutrition), Hyderabad and ILSI (International Life Science
Institute of India). The study is the first of its kind in the country.
Highlights
The study says that intake of added sugar in metro cities was 19.5 grams per day. This is lower than the
level recommended by ICMR which is 30 gram per day. Though the levels of all the cities were within the
threshold, they were so close to the upper limit in certain cities.
According to the study, sugar intake was the highest in Mumbai. Mumbai reported 26.3 g/day followed by
Ahmedabad at 25.9 g/day. The other counter parts of the metropolitan cities that have high intakes include
Delhi (23.2 g/day), Bengaluru at 19.3 g/day, Kolkata at 17.1 g/day and Chennai at 16.1 grams per day.
Categories
The report also stated that the overall intake of sugar by women was more than that of men. Intake of sugar
by women was 20.2 g/day and that of men was 18.7 g/day.
In terms of age group, the study says that people belonging to older age group take more sugar than that of
the younger population.
The study also measured sugar consumption based in literacy level, community, activity status, occupation.
Global Drosophila Conference held at Pune
On January 6, 2020, the fifth Asia Pacific Drosophila Research Conference was held at Pune. It was
organized by the Indian Institute of Science Education and Research. The conference is held twice a year.
Highlights
The conference is to be held between January 6, 2020 and January 10, 2020. It aims at promoting
interaction between the Drosophila researchers in the region of Asia-Pacific. The conference acts as a
common platform to link the Asia-Pacific researchers with other parts of the world. The event is the largest

meet of Drosophila researchers in the whole world.
The Research
Drosophila is the small fruit fly. Scientists and Researchers for the past 100 years have been using the fly as
a model organism in researches.
Drosophila
The small fruit flies are extensively used as model organisms in biochemistry, cell biology, genetics and
developmental biology. The main reason for the fly being used as model in genome researches is that the
relationship between fruit fly and humans are undeniably similar. Both the genres pass on the traits to
successive generations in similar way!
The density of genes per chromosomes is higher in Drosophila than that of humans. The flies have 15,500
genes on four chromosomes. On the other hand, humans have 22,000 genes in 23 chromosomes. Hence,
the passage of traits throughout generations are much more higher in these flies and ideal for genetic
studies.
January 7, 2020
2020 observed as Year of Mobility by CISF
The CISF observes 2020 as the “Year of Mobility” for the welfare of the troops. It will focus on construction
of residential units and implementation of welfare measures.
Highlights
In the year of 2020, the Central Industrial Security Force (CISF) will aim at creating infrastructure for their
families. It will also aim at focusing on sports and physical fitness leveraging modern gadgetry. It is
essential to equip the forces with modern instruments as the force plays major role in the security system
of the country. They guard civil airports, nuclear power stations, mines, thermal power stations in private
domain as well.
CISF
The CISF was initially established under the CISF act, 1968. It was converted into armed force under an
amendment to the act in 1983. It is the largest security system in the world with more than 1,65,000 soldiers
employed. The force also has a separate fire wing that respond to fire emergencies. The Force is operated
under Union Ministry of Home Affairs.
The training sector of CISF comprises of NISA (National Industrial Security Academy) and six recruit
training centres.
They also protect seaports, airports, heritage monuments, nuclear power plants, space installations. They
also play a major role in disaster management.
Zo Kutpui Festival organised in Mizoram
The Mizoram State Government is organising Zo Kutpui festival across 10 states in the country and also in
countries such as Myanmar, US and Bangladesh.
Highlights
The first edition of the festival is to begin in the city of Vanghmun in Tripura. The festival will then move to
other states having Mizo population. By conducting such as festival, the Mizoram Government is trying to
unify the Mizo population in the country and also across the world. The event will host performances of
several Mizo tribes.
Mizo population
The Mizos are tribal people that are spread between Myanmar in the east to Bangladesh in the west. After
independence, the Mizo people were governed by the Assamese Government. In 1952, a subsidiary
government was created under Assam called Lushai hills, the now Mizoram. However, the Mizo people
continued to demand freedom of independence to join Myanmar. The Mizo National Front (MNF) was
created in 1961 to achieve independence of Mizoram. In 1966, the MNF created its armed wing and
declared independence under Operation Jericho. The area was then declared disturbed and in 1967, GoI
enforced AFSPA.
Mizo Peace Accord
After several negotiations of peace, in 1987, the Rajiv Gandhi Government signed the Mizoram Peace
Accord establishing peace in the region.
Mizo Tribals
In India, the Mizo population is found in Manipur, Tripura and Mizoram. There are 12 Mizo clans identified. It
includes Pawi-Lusei, Tlau, Khiangte, Hualhnam, Lai, Phaite, Renthlei, Hmar, Chawngthu, Pang, Ralte and
Hualngo.
However, the three major Mizo groups are Lusei people, Lushai hills people and Chin people.In
ISRO launches Massive Human Space Flight Centre in Challakere, Karnataka
On January 6, 2020, the ISRO proposed 2,700 crores of infrastructure plan to construct Human Space Flight
Infrastructure Centre. The facility is to be set up at Challakere, Chitradurga district of Karnataka and is
expected to become operational in three years.
Highlights
The Centre is to be located in the NH-4 Bengaluru-Pune Highway. ISRO aims to establish a self-contained
training facility here. At present, astronauts part of Gaganyaan Mission, the Human Spaceflight Programme
of ISRO are trained in Russia. The centre aims at bringing in all the features that are provided by Russia and
begin training astronauts within the country.
Also, the centre aims to integrate the works of Human Spaceflight Programme that are currently spread
across various centres such as UR Rao Satellite Centre, Bengaluru, Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre in
Thiruvananthapuram and Institute of Aerospace Medicine of Air Force.
If successful in the Gaganyaan mission, India will become the fourth country after US, Russia and China to
send humans to space. In order to achieve this, India is also working on preparing ready to eat foods at
DFRL (Defence Food Research Laboratory).
Challakere-The Science City
The city is located at 400 km from Bengaluru. It is called the science city as it accommodated facilities of
ISRO. Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, DRDO’s Advanced Aeronautical Test Range and Indian institute of
Science.
Yoga Science Meet, Farmers Science Congress held at Indian Science Congress in Bengaluru
The Indian Science Congress was inaugurated by PM Modi on January 3, 2020. On the sidelines of the
event, the Farmers Science Congress was conducted for the first time. The event also witnessed the Yoga
Science Meet.
Farmers Science Congress
The Farmers Science congress was conducted for the first time in 107-year history of the Indian Science
Congress. The event highlighted importance of innovational practices in agriculture. The conference is
significant as the current era is shifting from becoming self-sufficient in production to nutritional security.
The importance of programmes such as ARYA were stressed at the event.
ARYA
ARYA is Attracting and Retaining of Youth in Agriculture. It is being implemented by the ICAR. The
programme aims at bringing the youth under Agriculture sector. This is to prevent the increase in migration
of youth from rural areas to urban. It also aims at making them entrepreneurs by empowering them to take
up agriculture and its allied services to gain employment.
Till now around 5,000 youths have been brought under the programme.

Other Highlights
The event also stressed upon the following
Development of nano-fertilizers and nano-pesticides by ICAR in order to promote organic farming.
Around 56 models of integrated farming have been developed that will be promoted by NABARD and
linked to rural development programmes.
Farmers Innovation Centres and Innovation Funds are to be set up.
Themes
The Farmer Science Congress was held under 3 different themes namely.
Farmers innovation on integrated agriculture and entrepreneurship to double farmers’ income
Climate change, bio-diversity, conservation.
Agrarian distress, farmers empowerment and rural bio-entrepreneurship.
Yoga Science Meet
The Yoga Science Meet was organised on January 6, 2020. The meet discussed how Yoga helps insulate
from diseases. Also, the meet explained yoga postures and therapies.
Oman ships arrive to participate in Indo-Oman bilateral Naval Exercise “Naseem Al-Bahr”
On January 6, 2020, two Oman ships arrived in Goa to participate in “Naseem-Al-Bahr”, the Indo-Oman
bilateral naval exercise.
Highlights
RNOV are Royal Navy of Oman Vessels. RNOV al Rasikh and RNOV Khassab arrived at Goa. Along with these
ships, Indian Naval Ships Shubhadra and Beas will also participate in the exercise. The Indo-Oman Naval
Exercises are being conducted since 1993.
Other exercises between the countries
The countries conduct regular biennial exercises between all three services namely army, navy and air force.
”Al Najah” is the army exercise conducted between the countries. “Ex Eastern Bridge” is the Air Force
exercise that is held between the countries.
Significance
The naval exercise with Oman is highly important for India. This is because of strategic location of the
country. The country is at the gateway of Strait of Hormuz through which India imports one-fifth of its oil
imports. The berth rights given by Oman to Indian vessels is important for the Indian Navy to carry out anti-
piracy operations in the Gulf of Aden.
India recently signed a pact with the country in 2018 to access the Duqm port of Oman.
India-Oman
In West-Asia, Oman is one of India’s oldest defence partners and an ally in anti-piracy campaigns. India has
supplied rifles to Oman. Also, India is considering to set up a defence production unit in Oman.
Centre approves disaster relief fund to seven states
The Government of India approved Rs 5,908 crores of disaster relief fund to seven states. It includes
Karnataka, UP, Assam, MP, Tripura Maharashtra and Himachal Pradesh. The states were badly affected due
to floods and landslides caused by South West Monsoon rains.
Highlights
A high-level committee operating under Home Ministry on January 6, 2020 approved disaster relief fund
from National Disaster Respond Fund (NDRF). In 2019-20, the GoI released Rs 8.068.33 crores from its
share from the State Disaster Respond Fund (SDRF). Under the fund, 75% of the fund is contributed by the
centre and 25% by the state.
National Disaster Respond Fund
The National Disaster Respond Fund was established under the disaster Management Act, 2005. It is

defined under Section 46 of the act. The NDRF was established to supplement SDRF. The aim of the fund is
to provide immediate relief from natural disasters and not as compensation for crop loss or damage to
properties.
In 2010, the National Calamity Contingency Fund was renamed NDRF. A dedicated calamity fund for the first
time was recommended by the 9th Finance Commission in 1990.
National Executive Committee
The National Executive Committee operating under National Disaster Management Authority decides on the
expenses of the NDRF based on the guidelines released by GoI in 2015.
Sources of NDRF
The NDRF is collected through cess levied on certain items, excise duties, customs duties. The budgetary
allocations also contribute to the fund.
IDRSS: ISRO new satellite to help Gaganyaan crew
The Indian Data Relay Satellite System (IDRSS) will track Indian satellites in low-earth orbits. It is a new
satellite series that plans to set up a communication system between the space assets of India.
Highlights
The system is aimed to play vital role in India’s space station and space docking. It will also assist distant
expeditions of India to Mars, moon and Venus.
The system will help in monitoring launches. The IRDSS is to play a major role in India’s Human Space Flight
Programme, Gaganyaan. It will help India to cover the entire mission right from its launch.
The IDRSS satellites are to be launched on GSLV launcher. They will approximately weigh 2,000 kg. These
satellites are to be placed at an orbit of 36,000 km away from earth’s orbit.
About IDRSS
The mission consists of more than 2 satellites. The first two IRDSS satellites are to be sent in the end of
2020. These satellites will precede the experimental mission of Gaganyaan that will carry humanoid
dummies. The first of this kind is to be launched in 2020 and the second satellite is to be launched in 2021.
This technology was launched by the space majors such as Russia and US in 1970-80s. They were used to
monitor their respective space station.
Purpose
During the launch of Gaganyaan at least one ground should monitor the satellite 24/7. This is not possible
for India with its current infrastructure. Also, to make the tracking continuous ISRO has to create number of
ground stations or hire them globally. The IDRSS helps to solve this problem providing full time tracking of
the mission.
IMD’s State of Climate Report: 2019 the seventh warmest year since 1901
On January 7, 2020, the International Meteorological Organisation released its “State of Climate Report” for
the year 2019. According to the report, the climate change has claimed 1,659 lives in India in the year 2019.
2019 is the seventh warmest year since 1901. The temperatures were not high as compared to 2016 (the
warmest year so far) mainly due to weak El Nino in the Pacific.
Highlights of the report
The extreme weather events that occurred in the country in the year 2019 were all linked to climate change.
It includes cyclones, floods, heat waves, cold waves, landslides, etc. Of all the states, Bihar reported highest
deaths (650) due to extreme weather events. Of these 300 died in floods and 350 died due to heat waves.
Following Bihar, other states such as Maharashtra, UP, Kerala, Rajasthan and Karnataka showed high
numbers of deaths due to extreme weather events.
New Delhi recorded the longest cold wave duration of 18 days since 1902.

Storms
There were 8 cyclonic storms that were formed in the Indian seas. Of these, around 5 were formed in
Arabian sea. This was unusual as compared to the usual one per year. The cyclones in Arabian sea was
400% more than usual.
The report also stated that heavy rains claimed 850 lives. Heat waves that was stronger in North Eastern
and western parts claimed 350 lives.
GoI releases First Advance Estimates: GDP Growth Rate predicted as 5%
On January 7, 2020, the CSO (Central Statistics Office) operating under Ministry of Statistics and
Programme implementation released the first advance estimates of GDP number for the fiscal year 2020.
The numbers are in line with the predictions of Reserve Bank of India
Highlights
According to the report, the GDP growth is estimated at 5% for the year 2019-20 as against 6.8% in 2018-19.
The report says that the deceleration is mainly due to the decline in the growth of manufacturing sector. The
manufacturing sector grew at the rate of 2% in 2019-20 as compared to 6.9% in 2018-19.
Also, the core sectors and the industrial sectors showed a 11-year drop in GDP growth. There are eight core
industries in India. It includes crude oil, electricity, refineries, coal, cement, natural gas, electricity and
fertilizers.
The estimates are based on the growth rate in the first two quarters.
Advance Estimate
The first advance Estimate is based on four main factors namely advance estimates of crop production,
Index of Industrial Production IIP (of the months April-October, 2019), financial performances of specific
firms in the first and second quarter and accounts of state and central governments.
The second advance estimates will be released after Budget.
World Bank Study: Effect of Automation on FDI flows
On January 6, 2020, the World Bank released its study on how FDI flows are affected in the world due to
automation. The study concluded that automation will certainly disrupt the flow of capital from rich
countries to poor countries. On the other hand, the poor countries can gain from automation if adopted at
the right time.
Highlights
The study has used data of FDI (Foreign Direct Investment) and industrial robot usages between 2004 and
2015. It reports that during this period, High Income Countries (HIC) saw the highest FDI outflows. The flow
of the FDI were measured in terms of project announcements in middle income countries (MIC) and low-
income countries (LIC).
The MIC and LIC witnessed highest FDI inflows during the period of project announcements. Later, it
reached a saturation level and began to decline!
Throughout the study the automation processes were measured in terms of number robots employed per
1000 employees.
The study also reports that of all the sectors, automation was maximum in electronic and automobile
industries and least in textiles.
Findings
The study found that the FDI flows from a HIC to a LIC reduced as automation increased. For a 10%
increase of automation in a HIC, the flow of FDIs into LMIC increased by 5.5%. After a certain threshold the
inflows saturated and, in some cases, started to decline as well!
January 8, 2020

Second National GST Conference of Central and State Tax Commissioners held
On January 7, 2020, the second National GST Conference and Central and State Commissioners was held to
streamline the Goods and Services Tax. The Revenue Secretary of Ministry of Finance Dr Ajay Bhushan
Pandey was the Chairman of the conference
Key Takeaways
A Committee is to be constituted with central and state officers. The Committee will examine and
implement measures that will help curb fraudulent refund claims. The Committee will come up with a
Standard of Procedure that will become operational by the end of January 2020.
The Investigation wing of Income Tax Department is to investigate all major cases of fake imports,
fraudulent refunds and fake input credits.
The foreign exchange remittances are to be linked with IGST refund in order to curb fraudulent IGST
refund claims.
The data between CBDT (Central Board of Direct Taxation), GSTN (Goods and Services Tax Network)
and CBIC (Central Board of Indirect Taxes and Customs) is being shared on annual basis. It was
decided that the data from now on be shred on quarterly basis.
Highlights of the conference
Several presentations were made at the conference. The Central Tax Zone office of Vadodara and Mumbai
made presentations on the best practices being followed by them that helped them in revenue
augmentation. The tax officers from Gujarat and Andhra Pradesh also made presentations on their
successful implementation of the GST act.
UIDAI’s 10-year success-The State of Aadhaar Report
Unique Identification Authority of India (UIDAI), the statutory body established in January 2009 under the
Ministry of Electronics and Information is solely responsible for providing AADHAR cards. Aadhaar even
after 10 years is the world’s largest bio metric ID system in the world
Highlights
In 2009, nearly 5 million births were unregistered. However, today the body has made Aadhar huge success
with 95% of adults holding the identity card today. Aadhaar collects only four personal information, that
includes, name, gender, age and address along with biometric data of thumb impression, retinal scan and
facial recognition.
Benefits
Aadhaar had improved the reliability of government welfare programmes. According to the State of Aadhaar
report, 2019, Aadhaar has been the first identity document for around 65-70 million individuals. This
benefitted them in opening bank accounts, accessing food rations, mobile phone services, etc.
The report also stated that 80% of participants felt that Aadhaar improved the reach of government
schemes and services faster. Only 34% of Indians are yet to link their Aadhaar in the fear of losing the
services.
State of Aadhaar report surveyed 1,70,000 individuals. The initiative was started 3 years ago by IDinsight
and Omidyar Network of India.
NITI Aayog: List of high export potential medical devices created
The Government Think Tank Niti Aayog draws up list of medical devices that have high export potential. It
has come up with 10 devices to provide priority subsidies. It includes surgical blades, orthopaedic implants,
catheters, syringes and needles, X-ray machines, blood bags, MRI machines and CT scan.
Highlights
The devices included in the list are to be prioritized in order to boost their domestic manufacturing. Also, in
order to boost their exports, GoI will create a framework to accelerate their standardization and

certification.
In December 2018, NITI Aayog announced that all medical devices will be brought under one regulatory
regime. This will aid in boosting the exports as well as it will fasten the certification process
National Register
Currently, the medical devices are governed under the Central Drugs Standard Control organization
(CDSCO). It is a statutory body that was created under Drugs and Cosmetics Act. The GoI suggested to
bring all the medical devices under the body. However, NITI Aayog turned down the proposal and suggested
the creation of National Register of Medical Devices. According to NITI Aayog, it will act as an autonomous
body on the lines of FSSAI. The body will have device experts and IIT labs will be used for testing the
devices.
Indian Army begins work on GOCO Model
On December 7, 2020, the Indian Army began its work on the GOCO (Government Owned Contractor
Operated) Model. The model is extended to base workshops and ordnance depots. The workshops play vital
role as they ensure the Indian Army is operationally prepared all the time.
Highlights
The workshops are assigned the role of overhauling (testing and repairing) of weapons. They also
manufacture spares. The workshops have an annual turnover of Rs 10,000 crores. Though, the GOCO model
in army workshops helps reducing government expenditure on armed forces and increase combat capability
of the army, there are certain issues associated with the model.
Issues
In GOCO model, the assets owned by government will be operated by the private industries. In such
cases, there are possibilities of protraction of assets and the expertise being absorbed by private
industry.
The military manpower involved in the workshops is only 25% and 75% are civilian staffs. The private
companies might insist on rationalizing the work force. The ratio of 75: 25 will become difficult to
maintain.
Benefits
The best technologies grow at faster rate. Under the GOCO model, the private companies need not make
investments on land, machinery and other support systems. The missions are set by government and the
private sectors are given full independence in implementing the missions using their best practices.
The main advantage of the model is that the targets are achieved in lesser time frame. Also, it will boost
competitiveness among the private entities paving way to newer technologies.
Army workshops
On the whole, the Indian Army operates eight workshops all over the country. They are located in Jabalpur,
Allahabad, Meerut, Kirkee, New Delhi, Agra, Bengaluru and Kankinara. Of these only the workshop at
Bengaluru manufactures spares. Rest of the workshops are involved only in overhauling.
LIGO: Second Merger of Neutron Stars detected
The LIGO (Laser Inferometer Gravitational-wave Observatory) detected gravitational waves due to collision
of two neutron stars. This is the second time the gravitational waves are being detected.
Highlights
The mass of the neutron stars detected is expected to be 3.3 times and 3.7 times as that of the sun. The
scientists believe that the neutron stars were formed separately and drifted together to form a star pair. The
neutron stars were at a distance of 520 million light years from the earth. The combined mass is the
heaviest of the stars known so far.
The first neutron star detection was in 2017. However, the second event that was recorded now, is not as

strong as the first.
LIGO
Currently LIGO operates three gravitational wave detectors at Livingston, Louisiana and Hanford. They are
located 3,000 km apart in the shape of ‘L’.
Indian Contribution
LIGO India is to come up in Maharashtra. It will aim at locating gravitational waves and their new sources.
Why is the study important?
The gravitational waves are caused by exploding stars, black holes, merging neutron stars. LIGO helps to
detect these waves and analyze the information that they carry. As the waves interact very weakly with
matter, they help to learn about the universe and its origin.
Cabinet approves North East Natural Gas Pipeline Grid
On January 8, 2020, the Cabinet Committee on Economic Affairs approved the North East Gas Pipeline Grid.
The pipeline is to be constructed for around 1,656 km.
Highlights
The gas pipeline grid is to be developed in eight states of the North East Region namely Manipur,
Meghalaya, Assam, Arunachal Pradesh, Mizoram, Sikkim, Nagaland and Tripura. The project is a joint
venture of 5 Public sector units namely ONGC (Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Limited), IOCL (Indian Oil
Corporation Limited), OIL (Oil India Limited), GAIL (Gas Authority of India Limited) and NRL (Numaligarh
Refinery Limited). The Joint Venture has been named IGGL (Indra Dhanush Gas Grid Limited).
The Government of India has approved Rs 5,559 crores funding for the construction of the grid. The grid will
connect major cities of the North East namely Guwahati, Itanagar, Kohima, Dimapur, Aizwal, Imphal,
Shillong, Agartala, Silchar, Numaligarh and Gangtok.
About the Grid
The Grid will supply CNG to automobiles, cooking gas to households and fuel to industry. The Group
Consortium will receive 60% of the funding for the project and the rest has to be raised via debts and equity.
The project will be monitored by the Ministry of Petroleum and Natural Gas. The Ministry will also release
capital for the project in further stages.
Cabinet approves India-Mongolia Agreement on exploration of outer space
On January 8, 2020, the Union Cabinet chaired by PM Modi approved the agreement between India and
Mongolia to explore outer space for civilian and peaceful purposes. The countries signed the agreement in
September 2019.
Highlights
The agreement enables the countries to pursue research in planetary exploration, space system, application
of space technology. The plan is to set a Joint Working Group by drawing members from ISRO (Indian Space
Research Organisation), DOS (Department of Space). Communications and Information Technology
Authority (CITA) of Mongolia. The finances for the project are to be approved in stage-by-stage basis.
India-Mongolia
India maintains close ties with Mongolia and is interested in developing trade with the country as it is rich in
mineral deposits. During PM Modi’s visit to the country in 2015, which was the first ever Prime Ministerial
visit to Mongolia in the Indian history, PM announced 1 billion USD grant to the country. Mongolia has
abundant deposits of minerals namely coal, gold, copper, molybdenum, tin, fluorspar, tungsten and tin. The
country also holds huge Uranium deposits.
Mongolia is one of the 29 resource rich developing countries in the world according to International
Monetary Fund.
In 2018, India exported 51.6 million USD of goods to Mongolia and imported goods with 1 million USD. This

is very little as compared to that of its neighbours China and Soviet Union.
Cabinet approves India’s MoUs with UK, Sweden and BMGF
On January 8, 2020, the Union Cabinet approved Memorandum of Understandings India had signed with
United Kingdom, Sweden and Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation (BMGF)
India-BMGF
The Ministry of Health and BMGF had signed the Mou in November 2019. The BMGF agreed to work with the
Ministry to strengthen health sector of the country. It focuses on reducing child mortality, morbidity,
maternal mortality and neonatal mortality. Also, it will aim to reduce burden of diseases such as Lymphatic
Filariasis, Visceral Leishmaniasis and TB. The BMGF will also aid in improving quality of family planning
methods.
The cabinet provided an ex-post facto approval for the project. Ex-post Facto is a Latin Word that means
“from a thing done afterward”. In simple words, the project has already been started of completed.
India-Sweden
The Ministry of Earth Sciences and Ministry of Education and Research signed Mou in December 2019.
According to the MoU, the countries will work on Polar Science. The countries agreed on polar exploration
as they are both signatories of Protocol to Antarctic Treaty on Environmental Protection and Antarctic
Treaty.
India-UK
The Ministry of Railway and the UK Government signed MoU to make Indian Railways self-sufficient in
energy. The parties will work towards adopting solar and wind energy and adopt energy efficient practices.
The UK Government will also aid in deploying Electric Vehicle Charging Infrastructure.
The objective of the MoU is to integrate renewable energy into electricity grid of railways. The UK
Government will also help in conducting workshops, trainings and technological exchanges on emerging
technologies on renewable energy.
January 9, 2020
CCI report on E-Commerce Market of India
On January 8, 2020, the Competition Commission of India (CCI) released its report on “Market Study on E-
Commerce in India: Key Findings and Observations”. The market study for the report was initiated in April
2019 by CCI.
According to the report, the number of internet users have increased from 445.96 million in 2017 to 665.31
million in 2019. This is the primary reason for the fast growth of the E-Commerce sector in the country.
Key Findings of the Report
The revenue from the E-Commerce sector is growing at the rate of 51%.
In July 2018, the number of online transactions in the E-Commerce sector was 1 to 1.2 million per
day.
Between 2016 and 2019, the delivery market places in food industry raised by 90%. Also, the food
industry is no longer a metro phenomenon. It grew in non-metro cities as well.
The online travel booking is growing at 16% since 2016.
The E-Commerce Sector was established in 2009. However, the sector gained momentum in 2014. In
2017, the sector held 3,500 million USD investment. There are around 4757 E-commerce start-ups in
India today in 2019.
Suggestions
To reduce information symmetry and increase transparency. This will increase competition among
the stake holders.
To set out terms and conditions that will prevent the business users from influencing search ranking.
To set up a transparent policy on data collection of customers, product rating policies.
Indian Pompano fish cultivation-First Scientific Experiment
On January 8, 2020, the Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute (CMFRI) announced that it has
developed viable scientific method to cultivate Indian Pompano fish in ponds. Pompanos are marine fishes.
Cultivating Indian Pompano in ponds will be a good alternative to shrimp. The financial assistance for the
scientific invention was provided by the National Fisheries Development Board (NFDB).
Highlights
Upon successful invention of the scientific method to cultivate Pompano fish by CMFRI, it is to be officially
cultivated in ponds of Vishakhapatnam. This is the first time a scientific experiment has been done on the
cultivation of Pompano fish in India.
The scientific method has recorded 750 grams of meat per fish in open ponds and 1 kg in cages. The
method also recorded 95% of survival of the fishes. The method provided 3 tonnes per acre yield and a
profit of 25% to 30% of input cost per acre.
Pompano
In 2014, the GoI began the scientific study on Pompano. The CMFRI scientists say that growing Pompano
along with shrimp increases the survival chances of the later. This is because, the Pompanos break life
cycle of viruses that attack shrimps. GoI is currently planning to implement inter-cropping of these two
fishes.
Competitors
The Pompanos are commonly found in Indo-Pacific region. They are widely cultivated in China, Vietnam,
USA, Taiwan, Malaysia, Indonesia and Philippines.
Existing Farming Techniques
In India, the Pompano is cultivated through Open sea Cage Farming and earthen pond fresh water farming.
The survival rates of open sea cage farming is 72% and that of fresh water farming is 32%.
World Bank’s Global Economic Prospect: World Economic Growth projected at 2.5%
On January 9, 2020, the World Bank released its Global Economic Prospect. According to its forecast, the
world is expected to grow economically at the rate of 2.5%. This is the lowest prediction since that
predicted in 2008-09, 3.1%. By then, the global financial crisis derailed the economy.
Highlights
The report says that investment and trade in the country is expected to recover. However, the downward
risks from 2019 are to continue. It also said that the advanced economies are to slip their growth by 1.4% as
the manufacturing sector continues to soften.
The emerging markets in the developing economies are to witness acceleration in their growth according to
the report. However, this is not applicable to all. A third of developing countries are expected to decelerate
this year. Predominantly the growing economies are located in South and South East Asia.
South Asia
Growth in South Asia is expected to rise by 5.5% in 2020. The report predicts India’s growth rate at 5%. It is
expected that the credit from non-banking companies to expected to weaken. The report also says that
India will see a growth rate of 5.5% in the subsequent year.
The United States is expected to grow at 1.8% and European Union is projected to slip its growth by 1% in
2020.
The Pulses Conclave 2020 to be held in Lonavala, Maharashtra
The fifth Pulses Conclave 2020 is to be held in Lonavala, Maharashtra between February 12, 2020 and
February 14, 2020. It is a biennial conference.

Highlights
The India Pulses and Grain Association will host the Conclave. Around 1500 stakeholders from India and
other countries are expected to participate in the conference. It includes Australia, USA, Myanmar, Canada,
Uganda, Ethiopia, Tanzania, Malawi, Mozambique, etc. The conference aims at increasing exports,
processing efficiencies, protein extraction, value addition and post-harvest management.
Significance
The production of pulses of pulses has been steadily growing. In 2013-14, production of pulses was around
19 million tonnes and it increased to 26.30 million tonnes in 2018-19. According to APEDA (Agricultural and
Processed Food Products Export Development Authority), in 2018-19, India exported pulses for 242.6
million USD.
With India moving towards nutritious food production from self-sufficient food production, area under
pulses production has been increased. Today, around 20% of area of agriculture contributes to pulses. MP,
Maharashtra, Rajasthan, UP and Karnataka are the leading pulses producing states in India.
The conference will help in achieving India’s goal of doubling farmer income by 2022.
Pulses in India
India is the largest producer of pulses in the world. It accounts to around 25% of global production. Also,
India is the largest consumer of pulses. It consumes 27% of world pulses. And India is also the largest
importer of pulses. India imports 14% of pulses in the world.
Pulses are significant in the country as they contribute to good consumer health as they are rich in proteins.
Also, pulses increase soil health and hence are used as annual leguminous crops.
Railways: First Solar Power and plans to Link J&K with rest of India
On January 9, 2020, Indian Railways announced that it will source 1000 MW of solar power and 200 MW of
wind power to zonal railways by 2021-22. Also, Kashmir is to be linked with the rest of India through railway
network by December 2021.
Highlights: Solar Power
In order to implement the solar and wind power in Indian Railways, GoI has planned to install 500 MW of
solar plants on roof top of Railway buildings to meet non-traction loads. It has also planned to install
another 500 MW of land based solar plants whose energy will be used to meet both non-traction and
traction load requirements.
The South-Central Railways is the first to actively work on solar based projects. In this Zone, so far 8
stations have been provided with solar panels to meet the power requirements of the station.
Highlights: Kashmir
GoI has announced the new date for the completion of 111-km stretch of railway link project between Katra
and Banihal in Kashmir. The project aims at linking Kashmir with the rest of India. The project will be
completed by December 2021. Konkan Railways is the implementing agency of the project.
According to Railways, this is the most challenging infrastructure project in its 150-year long history. The
bridge, that is part of the project, across Chenab river will be the highest bridge in the world. It will be 359
metres above the river bed.
The link is a part of Udhampur-Srinagar-Baramulla rail link. The project that aims at connecting Udhampur-
Srinagar-Baramulla was announced as a national project in 2002.
Milan 2020: Indian Navy to host multi-nation military drill
On January 10, 2020, Indian Navy will be hosting military drill called ‘Milan 2020’ at Visakhapatnam, The City
of Destiny. MILAN stands for ‘Multilateral Naval Exercise’. The Event will witness the participation of several
countries. Apart from a large number of ships, senior dignitaries are also expected to take part in various
functions and visit naval facilities during MILAN 2020. The theme of the exercise is

Theme: Synergy Across the Seas
About ‘Milan 2020’
The MILAN series of biennial exercises commenced in 1995. It was conducted at Andaman and Nicobar
Command (ANC) until last year, for the first time on mainland at Eastern Naval command(ENC).
Significance
Through the exercise GoI will pursue cooperation initiatives with friendly foreign countries, including in
Indian Ocean Region (IOR). The areas of cooperation include capacity building, training, operational
exercise marine domain awareness, hydrography, technical assistance.
Invited Countries
41 nations from South Asia, Southeast Asia, Africa and Europe that share defence cooperation with India
have been invited for the drill. These include- Indonesia, Maldives, Australia, Somalia, Kenya, Mozambique,
Sudan, Qatar, Thailand, Malaysia, , Egypt, France, Sri Lanka, Vietnam, Myanmar, New Zealand, USA, Israel,
Tanzania, Comoros, Seychelles Brunei, Philippines, Japan, UK, Madagascar, Saudi Arabia, Oman, Mauritius,
Cambodia, Singapore, South Africa, South Korea, Kuwait, Iran, Russia, Djibouti, Bahrain, UAE, Eritrea and
Bangladesh.
Of these, 30 have confirmed their participation.
Nirbhaya funds: IP based video surveillance in railways & Fast Track Courts
The Indian Railways has enhanced security in major railway hubs by installing IP based video surveillance
system. The surveillance has been installed in parking areas, entrance and exit platforms, waiting hall and
over bridges.
Highlights
The surveillance system is to be installed in 983 stations at a budget of Rs 250 crores. The budget is being
allocated from Nirbhaya funds. The surveillance is to be extended to other stations and coaches soon. The
project implementation is to begin with south Western Railways.
Nirbhaya Funds
Nirbhaya fund was announced in the Union Budget 2013 by the then Finance minister P Chidambaram. Rs
1,000 crore had been allocated. The Ministry of Women and child Development prepares the scope and
application of the fund. Ministry of Finance is responsible for the application of the fund.
For a long time, several entities complained that the fund was kept unutilized. Recently, the accused of
Nirbhaya case were sentenced with death by the Delhi High Court.
Nirbhaya Fund usage so far
The GoI sanctioned Rs 1000 crores from the fund to implement women help desks in police stations. Also,
anti-trafficking units are to be set up in all districts with the funds. A “Safe City Programme” was
implemented at a cost of Rs 194.44 crores. SAECK (Sexual Assault Evidence Collection kits) were
distributed with Nirbhaya funds. Sakhi centres (One Stop Centres) were set up through Nirbhaya fund under
National Mission for Empowerment of women.
1023 Fast track Courts
On January 9, 2020, GoI has begun fast track special courts under Nirbhaya funds. The aim of the courts is
to dispose pending cases registered under POCSO act and rape faster. Around 389 courts have been
planned where the pendency of cases is more than 100.
January 10, 2020
GoI releases Year End Review report of Energy Sector in the Country
On January 9, 2020, Ministry of New and Renewable Energy released its year end review. According to the
report, over 150 GW of renewable energy has been installed so far in India.

India’s initiatives in 2019
Under KUSUM initiative, around 17 lakh solar powered agricultural pumps were installed.
Phase II of Grid Connected Roof top Solar Programme was launched. Under the programme, 40,000
MW of Roof Top solar power target was set.
Under the Wind-Solar hybrid policy, 1440 MW of capacity was installed.
Second Assembly of International Solar Alliance was held.
The scheme to set up solar PV power plants in compliance with the WTO was approved. This was
launched to encourage Make in India solar PV manufacturing sector
UMREPP
The Government in 2015 had set a target to install 175 GW of renewable energy by 2022. It includes 60 GW
from wind, 100 GW from solar, 5 GW from small hydro power and 10 GW from solar. In order to achieve this,
GoI had set up the Ultra Mega Renewable Energy Power Parks (UMREPP) under Solar Park Scheme.
India’s NDC
According to Nationally Determined Contributions (NDC), India pledged that 40% of installed power will be
from non-fossil fuel by 2030. Also, India had set a target to reduce emission intensity of GDP by 33 to 35%
as compared to 2005 level.
India-Germany sign MoU on Zero Budget Natural Farming
On January 9, 2020, the Andhra Pradesh Government signed Memorandum of Understanding with a German
firm to implement Zero Budget Natural Farming in the state.
Highlights
The state Government will take a loan of Rs 1015 crores to spend towards climate resilient Zero Budget
Natural Farming. The project aims to cover 2.39 lakh farmers in 600 villages. The project was included in
the Budget presentation of 2019. Along with ZBNF implementation, the Government will also implement
Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana.
Zero Budget Natural Farming
It is a chemical-free agricultural farming practice. The Government of India is promoting ZBNF through
Paramparagat Krishi Vikas Yojana and Rashtriya Krishi Vikas Yojana since 2015-16.
According to Economic Survey, 2018, more than 1.6 lalkh farmers are practicing Zero Budget Natural
Farming in over 1000 villages. The ZBNF was first adopted by Karnataka. In 2018, Andhra Pradesh was the
first state to introduce an ambitious plan of 100% of natural farming in the state by 2024.
Currently, Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR) is researching ZBNF methods on wheat and
basmati.
States practicing ZBNF
The states that are practicing Zero Budget Natural Farming includes AP, Uttarakhand, Karnataka, Himachal
Pradesh, Chhattisgarh and Kerala. All crops can be grown using ZBNF in all agro-climatic zones.
January 9: Pravasi Bharatiya Divas
On January 9, 2020, Pravasi Bharatiya Divas was celebrated. The day is being marked since 2003 to
recognize overseas Indians. It aims at promoting unity among Indian diaspora living abroad and also mark
the contributions of overseas Indians. The event is organized by the Ministry of External Affairs. It is
sponsored by Confederation of Indian Industry.
Why January 09?
The Pravasi Bharatiya Divas is celebrated on January 9, as Mahatma Gandhi returned from South Africa on
the day in 1915. In 2015, the day was declared biennial. In 2018, the day was widely celebrated in
Singapore. In 2019, the event was celebrated in Varanasi.

Objectives
The aim of celebrating the day is to provide a platform for NRI to express their perceptions about India and
thereby involve them in Indian developmental activities. It also aims at creating a network of NRIs in all
countries and connect younger generation. The day aims at connecting Indians living overseas with their
roots so that they shall contribute to the development of the country.
Pravasi Bharatiya Samman
The Pravasi Bharatiya Samman is being presented to honour exceptional NRIs (Non-Resident Indians) for
their contribution towards the country. The award is presented by the President of India.
Supreme Court: Access to Internet-a fundamental right
On January 10, 2020, the Supreme Court of India said that Right of access to internet is a fundamental right.
The Court had asked the administration of Jammu and Kashmir to review the curbs on internet in a week.
Lately the Indian Government had been using internet shut down as a tool to control protest in the country
against the Citizenship Amendment Bill. It was predominant in the north eastern states.
Highlights
A three-member bench of the apex court heard on a batch of pleas against complete blockage of internet in
Kashmir. Kashmir was shut out of internet for five months now, since abrogation of Article 370.
The bench pronounced that freedom of speech and expression and freedom to practice any business or
trade over internet is constitutionally protected under Article 19 (1).
The judgement also read that Section 144 CrPC shall not be used to suppress freedom of speech and
expression.
2016 UN Resolution
In 2016, the UNHRC (United Nations Human Rights Council) released a resolution that condemned
disruption of internet access by government. Before passing the resolution UN quoted that there were 15
internet shut downs in 2015 and 20 in 2017. The UN referred to internet ban in Turkey after terrorist attacks,
internet shut down in India after local protests and internet blockage in Algeria.
Four Colonial structures re-dedicated to Kolkata
PM Modi is on a two-day official visit to Kolkata on January 11 and 12, 2020. During his visit, the Prime
Minister will dedicate three colonial buildings to the country.
Highlights
During the visit, the Prime Minister will dedicate Old Currency Building, Metcalfe House, Belvedere House
and Victoria Memorial Hall. The buildings were renovated by Ministry of Culture. The ministry is also
working on developing other iconic buildings and cultural spaces in Mumbai, Delhi, Ahmedabad and
Varanasi.
Currency Building
The Currency Building was built in 1833. It was designed in Italian style with cast iron gates and Venetian
windows. The RBI operated from the building till 1937 after which it was abandoned. The building was
declared as a protected monument by the archaeological survey of India in 2002
Metacalfe Hall
The building was named after Lord Metacalfe. He was the Governor General of India between March 1835
and March 1836. It is famous for its 30 Corinthian pillars. It was built to honour his efforts towards free
press. The building houses public library collection.
The Corinthian colums are slender and sleek structures of the Greek architecture. The column is fluted and
are known for their decorative bell shapes and leaves.
Belvedere House
The Belvedere House was Mir Jafar’s palace. Later it housed several governors of Bengal and viceroys of

India.
Amma Vodi scheme launched in Andhra Pradesh
On January 9, 2020, Andhra Pradesh Chief Minister Jagan Mohan Reddy launched Amma Vodi Scheme in
Chittoor. It is one of the nine flagship programmes of the Andhra Government. The programmes are called
Navratanalu. The scheme is first of its kind in the country.
Key Features of the Programme
The scheme aims at benefitting school students studying in classes I to XII. It includes both public and
private schools. Under the scheme, these students belonging to Below Poverty Line will get Rs 15,000 per
annum. However, the guardian or mother of the child should ensure 75% attendance of the child.
Funding
The State Government has allocated Rs 6318 crores under the scheme. The funding aims at helping lakhs of
below poverty line mothers trying to educate their children. The amount is to be directly transferred to the
bank account of the beneficiaries.
The amount is to be transferred to the accounts of the mothers till the children complete their Class 12
education.
Educational reforms in the state
The Andhra Pradesh Government has allocated budget of Rs 14,000 crores to enable educational
institutions and revamp the older infrastructure. It has also adopted English as medium of instruction in
schools for class 1 to 6.
IEA launches India’s Energy Policy Report
On January 10, 2020, the International Energy Agency (IEA) launched India’s Energy Policy Report. The
report insisted that India should adopt its think tank NITI Aayog’s National Energy Policy. IEA released its
“India Report 2020”, in collaboration with NITI Aayog.
Key Findings of the report
The oil demand of India will overtake China by mid-2020. It will make India more vulnerable to supply
disruption in the middle east. According to the report, oil demand of India will reach 6 million barrels
per day by 2024. It was 4.4 million barrels per day in 2017.
The report also said that India is the third largest consumer of oil after China and United States. Also,
India imports 80% of its oil needs. Of this, 65% are from middle east through Strait of Hormuz.
India is the fourth largest oil refiner in the world. The products mainly include diesel and gasoline.
The report said that India’s plan of increasing its refining capacity to 8 million barrels per day by 2025
will make India an attractive market for investment in the refinery sector.
Strategic Petroleum Reserves
The agency releases strategic petroleum reserves of developed countries. It insisted that India has to
expand its fuel reserves.
The Indian Strategic Petroleum Reserves Limited maintains emergency fuel store of 5.33 metric tonnoes.
This will fulfil the demand of the country for 10 days. There are three such oil storage reserves located at
PAdur, Mangalore and Vizag. In 2017-18 budget, it was announced that India is to build 2 more reserves at
Chandikhole and Bikaner respectively.
Gujarat to import water soluble fertilizers from China
The Gujarat Agro Industries Corporation (GAIC) will import water-soluble fertilizers from China. So far, the
state agency has imported 300 tonnes.
Highlights
The GAIC agency will import, pack and sell the water-soluble fertilizers to farmers. The new fertilizers have
been named AGRO. These fertilizers are best suited for precision agriculture. As Gujarat has a good land

area under drip irrigation, the fertilizers are being distributed at the right time. Gujarat has the maximum
land under drip irrigation of all the states in the country.
The fertilizers are to be used to produce fruits and vegetables that will match global standards. The step
will also aid in achieving GoI’s target of doubling farmer’s income by 2022.
Precision Agriculture
Precision agriculture is the farming management concept that uses inputs such as pesticides, nutrients,
water and seeds in a strategic way. In other words, the inputs are used at minimal amount to get maximum
output.
GAIC
GAIC acts as a catalyst in implementing government schemes to boost agro products. The Ministry of
Agriculture has appointed GAIC as the nodal agency to implement its schemes in the state of Gujarat.
It works to reduce agro product wastage, increase farmers’ returns, enhance productivity of crops,
accelerates demand based agricultural production.
January 10: World Hindi Day
The World Hindi day is celebrated every year on January 10 in order to promote the language world-wide. It
is celebrated by Indian Embassies that are located all over the world. The day is being celebrated world
wide since 2006.
Significance
Hindi is the fifth largely spoken language in the world. It is spoken in Pakistan, Bangladesh, Nepal, UK, USA,
New Zealand, Germany, Uganda, UAE, Guyana, Trinidad, Suriname, South Africa and Mauritius. The language
is spoken by more than 43 core people in the world.
National Hindi Day
The National Hindi Day is different from that of World Hindi Day. It is celebrated on September 14 every
year. Two awards namely Rajbhasha Kirti Puraskar and Rajiv Gandhi Rashtriya Gyan-Vigyan Maulik Pustak
Lekhan Puraskar are presented annually on National Hindi Day.
The Rabhasha Awards are presented to ministries, PSUs and nationalized banks.
September 14 was selected as National Hindi Day as it was the birth date of Beohar Rajendra Simha.
Beohar Rajendra Simha
He was an Indian scholar, theologian, historian, sanskritist, Sarvodaya-activist, politician, journalist and
Gandhian. Hindi was adopted the official language of India on his 50th birthday.
Origin of Hindi
The word was transferred from the Sanskrit language “Sindhu”. The word “Sindhu” became “Hindu” after
Iranians entered India.
India deploys INS Vikramaditya amidst Sea Guardians-The China-Pakistan naval drill
On January 6, 2020, China and Pakistan had launched a naval drill in North Arabian Sea called the Sea
Guardians. The aim of the drill is to increase inter-operability between the two navies. On January 10, 2020,
India deployed its INS Vikramaditya in North Arabian Sea where the exercise is being held.
Highlights
China and Pakistan launched a nine-day mega naval exercise. The Exercise Sea Guardians is taking place
when there are heightened tensions between India and Pakistan over Kashmir issue.
Significance of deployment of INS VIkramaditya
In September 2019, Indian Navy drove out a Chinese PLA in India’s Exclusive Economic Zone and warned
that such activities will be dealt sternly. Also, China has been increasing its presence in the region lately.
China has built a naval base in Djibouti in Horn of Africa from where Arabian Sea provides entry to Indian
Ocean. Also, China is developing Pakistan’s Gwadar port, thereby increasing its presence in North Arabian

Sea.
Therefore, it is essential for India to give signals to its neighbours that it is cautiously watching their
activities. Also,India wants to make sure the maritime delimitation is well maintained.
Why INS Vikramaditya?
Apart from all other ships, INS Vikramaditya is one of the top-rated aircraft carriers globally. It was
commissioned into the Indian Navy in 2013. It is about 284 metres long, 60 m high. It has a total of 22
decks. It can carry 30 aircrafts that includes Chetak helicopter, MiG 29K, Kamov 28, ALH-Dhruv, etc.
January 11, 2020
State Energy Efficiency Index released by GoI
On January 10, 2020, Bureau of Energy Efficiency (BEE) launched the State Energy Efficiency Index, 2019 in
association with Alliance for Energy Efficient Economy. The report was prepared considering the basic
energy requirements such as coal, electricity, gas and oil. The report tracks the progress of Energy
Efficiency initiatives in 36 states and Union Territories.
Highlights
Karnataka, HP, Haryana and Puducherry were the best performers according to the report. Manipur,
Jharkhand, Rajasthan and Jammu and Kashmir were the least performers.
Indicators
The index has been developed based on quantitative, qualitative and outcome-based indicators. The
outcomes of 5 distinct sectors were studied namely industry, buildings, transport, municipalities, Discoms
and agriculture.
This year, BEE has included Energy Conservation Building Code as one of its indicators.
Energy Conservation Building Code
The code was developed by BEE under the guidance of United States Agency for International Development.
The code aims at promoting energy efficiency in the building sector.
Significance
The first such Index in the country was released in August 2018. The index will help states in their
contribution towards energy security and climate action. It help the states track their progress.
Suggestions of the report
The states should shift their focus from “policies in place” to “policies successfully implemented”. They
should aim at strengthening data capture mechanism. The states should also aim at integrating
programmes that have direct or indirect links with consumers.
India erects “steel fence” across Pakistan, Bangladesh border
India will erect non-cut steel fence in the sensitive areas of Pakistan and Bangladesh borders. The plan is
being executed after security agencies have detected Afghan fighters along India-Pakistan border.
Highlights
The first steel fence is to be erected across 7-km stretch in Assam’s Silchar, the border across Bangladesh.
After erection, the border is to be analysed by the BSF (Border Security Force). Based on the feedback of
these fence implementation, more such fences are to be implemented. The implementation cost has been
estimated as Rs 2 crores per kilo metre.
Apart from steel fences, there are plans to implement LASER fences across the two borders. In order to
implement the projects, the Comprehensive Integrated Border Management System (CIMBMS) has been
speeded up. The CIBMS operates under Ministry of Home Affairs.
Need
The presence of well-trained terrorists in the borders has increased. Therefore, it is important to secure the
vulnerable infiltration spots along the border. Also, these vulnerable spots might be used by the terrorists to
create trouble in the newly formed Union Territory.
Recent security measures
The GoI recently has implemented several security measures to guard its international border, especially
after abrogating Article 370. Around a lakh of Central Armed Forces were deployed in Kashmir. Government
also mapped infiltration prone areas along the two borders. In 2018, the BSF mapped and identified
vulnerable spots in three-staged exercise.
GoI to launch Purvodaya to accelerate Eastern India Development
On January 10, 2020, the Ministry of Steel announced that it will launch “Purvodaya”, a world class steel
hub. The hub aims at an accelerated development programme of eastern states. The Ministry will be joined
by CII (Confederation of India Industries) in the implementation of “Purvodaya”.
Highlights
The initiative aims at developing the eastern states through an integrated steel hub. The steel hub will
create 2.5 million jobs in the region. It will create world-class logistics and infrastructure. This will also help
in achieving India’s steel policy target of 300 MT by 2030.
The Steel Hub
The Steel Hub will develop steel clusters in the region. It will transfer the utilities and logistics infrastructure
into socio-economic landscape. So far, 12 major steel zone has been identified under the initiative in the
region.
Why Eastern States?
The 5 Eastern states namely West Bengal, Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand, Odisha and Northern Andhra Pradesh
are extremely rich in coking coal, bauxite and dolomite reserves. The region also has major ports such as
Haldia, Paradip, Kolkata and Vizag. Therefore, setting up a steel hub in the region will help India achieve its
5 trillion-dollar economy target fast.
The region also has potential to add 75% of country’s incremental steel capacity.
GoI established I4C and a portal to deal cyber crimes
On January 10, 2020, the Union Home Minister Amit Shah inaugurated the Indian Cyber Crime Coordination
Centre (I4C) and a National Cyber Crime Reporting Portal. The centre was approved in October 2018 at a
cost of 416 crores.
Highlights
The I4C has 7 major components. It includes National cyber Crime Threat Analysis Unit, Platform for Joint
Cyber crime Investigation team, National Cyber Crime reporting portal, cyber crime ecosystem management
unit, national cyber-crime training centre, National Cyber Research and Innovation centre and Cyber crime
Ecosystem management unit.
So far, 15 state governments and Union Territories have agreed to set up Regional Cyber Crime Coordination
Centres.
The National Cyber Crime reporting portal will enable the citizens to report cyber crimes online. It has
specific focus on crimes against child pornography, women, child sex abuse.
Significance
According to NCRB (National Crime Research Bureau), 2017, the cyber crimes has doubled in India. Apart
from I4C, the central government has also launched NIC-CERT (National Informatics Centre-Computer
Emergency Response Team).
The centres are highly important for India to achieve its 5 trillion-dollar economy by 2024. This is because,
Indian Power sector alone faces at least 30 events being reported daily. The attacks originate from
Singapore, China and Russia.

Corona Virus: A new stain of virus found in China
On January 11, 2020, China reported the first death in the country due to pneumonia caused by a new virus
that is of outbreak in the city of Wuhan. The Chinese scientists discovered that the new strain of virus is
that of the corona virus.
Highlights
According to the WHO, the outbreak in Wuhan in less virulent. However, China is responding swiftly to
control the outbreak.
Earlier outbreaks
In 2002-03, the flu-like Sars virus that belongs to Corona virus family, killed more than 700 people in the
world. The virus originated in China.
The other deadly virus of the corona virus is the MERS (Middle East Respiratory Syndrome). There is no
specific vaccine for the virus as of 2019. The virus was first identified in 2012 in Saudi Arabia. Most of the
cases have occurred in Arabian peninsula.
Corona Virus
Corona Viruses were first found in humans in1960s. the viruses cause flu and gastro intestinal problems.
They have great genetic variability, meaning, they can over come barriers between different species.
The virus has protrusions on its surface. This makes the virus look like an emperor’s crown and hence the
name Corona virus. The protrusions are made of proteins The Virus can also infect cattle, dogs, pigs,
camels, birds and hedgedogs apart from humans.
India attends Hormuz Peace Initiative
India recently attended the Hormuz Peace Initiative that was held in Tehran. The initiative aimed at
stabilizing one of world’s busiest shipping lanes, the Strait of Hormuz amidst US-Iran tensions. It was
attended by leading trade partners of Iran namely China, Oman, India and Afghanistan.
Highlights
The countries that attended the initiative reviewed the “Hormuz Peace Endeavor” (HOPE) that was proposed
by Tehran. It was proposed by Iran at the UN General Assembly that was held in September 2019. The meet
was held to discuss tensions escalating in the Persian Gulf due to US-Iran tensions.
Strait of Hormuz
Strait of Hormuz is the world’s most crucial choking points. Around two-thirds of India’s oil imports and half
of LNG imports come through the strait.
Everyday around 18 million barrels of world oil pass through the strait. This accounts to one-third oi trade in
the world. Also, one-third of world LNG pass through the strait.
The Strait connects Persian Gulf and the Gulf of Oman. It is also important to maintain peace and security in
the region. This is because the ship traffic in the strait is high.
Traffic Separation System
The Traffic Separation system is followed at Strait of Hormuz. It was ruled by International Maritime
Organization. The system is used to regulate traffic at the strait. It is used almost at all major straits in the
world. It includes Strait of Gibraltar, Strait of Malacca, etc. The system aims at preventing collisions
between the ships at sea.
The rules of the system say that if a ship has to cross a traffic-lane, it should cross at right angle. The right
angle is between the lane direction and keel direction.
January 12, 2020
“Cyber AASHVAST” Cyber Crime Prevention Unit launched in Gandhinagar, Gujarat
On January 11, 2020, Home Minister Amit Shah launched the country’s first Cyber Crime Prevention Unit
called the “Cyber AASHVAST” in Gandhinagar. Along with AASHVAST, the Video Integration and State Wide
Advance Security project called VISWAS was also launched
Highlights
The Cyber AASHVAST is a unit that will act to prevent cyber crimes with the help of VISWAS and NETRANG.
It will own an exclusive online portal that will have dedicated service helpline for victims of cyber-crimes.
The AASHVAST will also monitor, prevent and control cyber-crimes in the state. Along with AASHVAST and
VISWAS, Project NETRANG was also launched. It will establish command and control rooms in 33 districts
of Gujarat.
In India the cyber-crimes have almost doubled between 2016 and 2017 according to NCRB. Therefore, GoI is
taking many measures to bring them under control.
Government Measures
The Government recently launched the I4C (Indian Cyber Crime Coordination Centre) and established Cyber
and Information Security Division (C&IS). The C&IS will implement NATGRID (National Intelligence Grid),
NISPG (National Information Security Policy).
The NATGRID is an intelligence grid that connects databases of security agencies operating under GoI. The
National Information Security Policy aims at protection of information in cyberspace. It elaborates security
concepts and best security practices to be implemented. These practices will be made mandatory for the
ministries to implement in order to protect government data.
LCA Tejas: The First Indigenous Aircraft to make an arrested Landing
On January 11, 2020, the Light Combat Aircraft (LCA), Tejas successfully landed on INS Vikramaditya. With
this achievement, the LCA becomes the first aircraft to make an arrested landing on a naval ship.
Highlights
The DRDO (Defence Research Development Organisation) made LCA became the first indogenously made
aircraft to land on an aircraft carrier. This makes India enter a select group of nations in the world to
develop aircrafts that are capable of landing and taking off from an aircraft carrier deck, that is barely 200
metres wide. The elite countries that hold this capability includes US, China, UK, Russia and France.
The regular LCA demands 1 km of run way to make its landing. However, recently developed naval variant is
capable to make its landing in a far less landing space, 100 metres and take off space of 200 metres.
Indian Military Aircrafts
Today, the Indian Air Force is operating Mirage-2000, HAL Tejas LCA, MIG 21, Sukhoi-30 MKI, MiG-27,
SPECAT Jaguar and Rafale. The Tejas LCA was developed by HAL in the 1980s by borrowing technologies
from Russia, France and Russia. The plan was to replace the ageing Soviet Union sourced MiG-21.
The step is important for India to encounter Chinese increased presence in the Indian Ocean Region. This
will also help India achieve its Defence target of Rs 35,000 crore by 2024.
Raisina Dialogue to be held New Delhi
The Raisina Dialogue is to be held between January 14, 2020 and January 16, 2020. It is a multilateral
conference that is held in New Delhi annually since 2016. The dialogue is organised by the Ministry of
External Affairs and Observer Research Foundation.
Highlights
This year, in 2020, number of foreign ministers are to attend the dialogue. It includes ministers from Russia,
Iran, Maldives, Morocco, Australia, Bhutan, Denmark, Czech Republic, Uzbekistan and Estonia.
Theme: 21@20: Navigating the Alpha Century
About the Dialogue
Since its inception, it is considered as India’s flagship conference on geo-economics and geopolitics. It
aims at exploring opportunities of Asian integration.
In 2016, the dialogue focused on Asia’s physical, human, economic and digital connectivity under the theme,

“Asia: Regional and global connectivity”. In the consecutive year, the conference aimed at linking Asia with
the rest of the world. In 2017, the conference was held on the theme, “The New Normal: Multilateralism and
Multipolarity”.
In 2018, the third dialogue was conducted under the theme, “Managing disruptive Transitions: Ideas,
Institutions and Idioms”. In 2019, the fourth conference was held under the theme, “New Geometrics, Fluid
Partnerships, Uncertain Outcomes”. It focused on an reorder of the political, economic and strategic
solutions that aims at developing Asia.
Name of the conference
The conference is named after, “Raisina Hills”, which is the seat of Government of India and Rashtrapati
bhavan. The dialogue was designed on the lines of Shangri-La dialogue.
January 12: National Youth Day
Every year, on January 12, the birth anniversary of Swami Vivekananda is celebrated as National youth Day.
In order to commemorate his birth anniversary, GoI also organizes National Youth Festival. The National
Youth Festival is to be held between January 12, 2020 and January 16, 2020 in Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh. The
festival is being organized by the Government of India since 1995.
National Youth Day
Every year the Ministry of Youth affairs and sports celebrate the event annually with any one of the states.
This year, the state of Uttar Pradesh been chosen. The day is being celebrated since 1985.
National Youth Festival
The 23rd National Youth Festival is organized by the Ministry of youth Affairs and State Government of Uttar
Pradesh. The theme of the festival is
Theme: Fit Youth Fit India
The theme is chosen to align with the Fit India movement that was recently launched by GoI. The festival
aims at bringing the youths of the country together. Around 6,000 participants are expected to participate in
the festival. It includes volunteers from NSS (National Service Scheme), NYKS (Nehru Yuva Kendra
Sangathan) and local youth.
Apart from Fitness, the festival will also focus on culture. Several dance programmes of classical dance
such as Bharatanatyam, Odissi, Manipuri, Kuchipudi are to be held.
Ordinance promulgated to amend coal mining laws
On January 11, 2020, the Government of India promulgated ordinance to amend coal mining laws in order to
ease auction of coal mines.
Highlights
The GoI has promulgated ordinance to amend MMDR act (Mines and Minerals Development and Regulation
act), 1957 and Coal Mines (Special Provisions) act [CMSP], 2015.
Objectives of the amendment
It will enhance ease of doing business
The amendment will democratize the coal sector. This will open the coal sector for anyone to invest.
It will promote FDI (Foreign Direct Investment). The amendment will remove eligibility criteria and
restrictions in order to achieve this.
Amendments
The amendment has clarified the purpose of allocation. Previously, there was lack of clarity in
interpretation of eligibility conditions in the auctions. The amendment clarifies that any company
winning the auction shall carry on own consumption, sale or other purposes. This also allows 100%
FDI participation
The Schedule II and Schedule III of the CMSP act had clauses that allowed only companies that are

engaged in specific end use of coal to participate in the auction. These clauses are now removed.
So far, the CMSP act had been silent on reallocation of a coal upon terminations of an allocated mine.
With the amendment, it is now possible to allocate the mine to the next successful bidder.
The amendment allows the coal mines to appoint a custodian for production.
Coal Targets of GoI
India is the second largest importer of coal in the world. The amendments will help to increase domestic
production of India. It will also help India achieve its targets set. The GoI plans to increase coal production
to 1 billion tonnes by 2024.
For the financial year 2019-20, the target set is 660 million tonnes.
Commemorative stamps released on 150th celebrations of Kolkata Port Trust
On January 12, 2020, PM Modi attended the 150th celebrations of Kolkata Port Trust. During the celebration,
the prime minister launched commemorative stamps of the port trust.
Highlights
During the celebrations, the PM also launched Rs 600 crore worth port development activities. It includes
upgrade of a ship repair facility, upgraded railway infrastructure for the port and also river front
development schemes. The river front development schemes include cruise-based tourism, water parks, sea
museums, aquariums. The GoI currently runs 150 cruise ships in the country. The number is to be increased
to 1000 and West Bengal is to play an active role in it.
At the event, Rs 501 crores were provided to as final instalment to retired employees to meet the deficit of
pension.
The PM also inaugurated Pritilata Chhatra Avas and Kaushal Vikas Kendra for 200 tribal girls in the
Sunderbans region. The Kaushal Vikas Kendra are skill development centres for the youth of the country.
They are established under Pradhan Mantri Kaushal Vikas Yojana.
Shyama Prasad Mukherjee
During the event the Kolkata port trust was renamed as Shyama Prasad Mukherjee port. He was the founder
of Bharatiya Jana Sangh. He laid the stone for the development of Chittaranjan Locomotive Factory,
Damodar Valley Corporation and Hindustan Aircraft Factory.
The Bharatiya Jana Sangh was the predecessor to Bharatiya Janata Party. Mukherjee strongly opposed
Article 370.
January 13, 2020
200 fighter jets to be acquired by Indian Air Force
The Government of India will acquire around 200 aircrafts. Of these 200, 83 fighter jets are LCA Tejas Mark
1A and are to be procured from HAL. The rest are to be procured based on Request for Proposals.
Highlights
The design of the fighter jets was finalized by HAL (Hindustan Aeronautics Limited). HAL will start
manufacturing 8 LCA (Light Combat Aircraft) Tejas Mark 1A per year and will slowly increase the count to
16 per year. The LCA Tejas recently became the first indigenously made aircraft to make arrested landing
on INS Vikramaditya.
LCA Tejas
The LCA Tejas was designed by HAL (Hindustan Aeronautics Limited) and ADA (Aeronautical Development
Agency) in 1980s. It replaced India’s MiG-21. So far, LCA Tejas is operating only in India. However, Egypt
and Sri Lanka have shown interests in the aircraft. This will help India achieve its Defence exports targets of
Rs 35,000 crores by 2024.
India has plans exports Tejas Mark 1A and not its advanced version Tejas Mark 2.

Tejas Mark 2
Tejas Mark 2 has increased internal fuel capacity of 3.3 tonnes. Also, it is equipped with an artificial
intelligence-based cock pit that is optimally manned. It has provisions for the ground stations to take
control when the pilot falls unconscious or is injured. The alert signals of unconsciousness of the pilot will
be generated by his helmet.
Report says STEM jobs raising in India
One of the job sites, indeed released a report that jobs related to Science, Technology, Engineering and
Mathematics have increased by 44% between November 2016 and November 2019.
Highlights
The report said that Delhi led the was with 31% of overall postings. It was also high in other Metros like
Mumbai contributing to 21% of the posting, Bengaluru-14%, Pune-12%, Hyderabad-12% and Chennai-10%.
The Western region of all part of India has the highest job postings of STEM.
Indeed is a private jobs searching portal. However, the report is justifiable from the predictions of National
Science Foundation. According to NSF, 80% of the jobs created in the next decade will require some form of
science and mathematics skills.
Barriers in India
The real issue is that though India’s demand is good and growing, the real man power to fill in the demand,
the younger generation is lagging skills to fulfill with the demands. This is mainly because of the minimal
contribution of education system towards STEM field at school level.
India is still following exam-oriented evaluation in STEM fields as well. This model is difficult to develop
STEM oriented skills in children. Also, the right age of children to develop their interests towards science
and technology is 8 years. The infrastructure and man power to identify their interests at that age is lagging.
This is mainly because of the following
The biggest challenge of STEM in Indian education is curriculum, infrastructure and guidance support
Another major hinderance is funding. Schools require maker spaces, good computers and DIY (Do IT
Yourself) tools.
Educators still believe that STEM introduction will divert students from concentrating on other
curriculum. Therefore, they hesitate to adopt STEM education.
World Future Energy Summit and CLIX to be held at Abu Dhabi
On January 13, 2020, the World Future Energy Summit is to begin at Abu Dhabi. It is to be held for four days.
Highlights
The Summit will have 33,500 participants from 170 countries. It will also include 800 special exhibits. The
event is to be conducted under the theme
Theme: Rethinking Global Consumption, Production and Investment
Along the summit, the CLIX-Climate Innovations Exchange will also be held.
Pillars of the summit
The summit is important as it is held on five main pillars. They are energy, water, solar, waste and smart
cities. The event therefore, will act as the best example to support global economy through recycling,
removing single use plastics, using renewable energy, etc.
World Future Energy Summit
It is an annual event being conducted at Abu Dhabi since 2011. The event is dedicated to future energy,
clean technologies and energy efficiencies. It attracts world leaders, investors, policy makers, academia,
investors, intellectuals and academicians.
CLIX
The Climate Innovation Exchange was launched in World Future Energy Summit, 2018. Since then it is being

conducted on the side lines of the summit. It acts as a platform for countries to exchange their ideas on
common global problems. It includes future of agriculture, food, energy and mobility.
Shopper Malware: 14% Indians affected
A new Trojan called Shopper malware is increasing its presence among smart phone users. The malware is
screening unsolicited ads and flashing fake reviews.
Highlights
The malware is now focusing on retail applications. The malware is capable of reading data being entered
on the screen. As the trojan gains permission, it interacts with the system interfaces and captures every
data being featured in the screen. After acquiring information, it is using google and Facebook data to
register on popular shopping sites.
Earlier Malware encounters
Prior to Shopper Malware, the largest such infection was created by “Trojan-Dropper”. This was between
October 2019 to November 2019. It affected 14.23% of Indians. Russia was the most affected. Around
28.46% of Russians were infected due to the malware.
With these increasing cyber-crimes, Indian Government has set up Cyber Swachhta Kendra to detect such
malware infections and clean them at the earliest.
Cyber Swachhta Kendra
The CSK are Botnet cleaning and Malware analysis centres. They operate under Indian Computer Emergency
Response Team (CERT-In) under Ministry of Electronics and information Technology. They were established
in accordance with National Cyber Security Policy. The Centre provides malware removal tools to fix them
permanently. It is important to develop more such centres as India ranks third in list of countries with
highest number of cyber threats.
NIIT to be a part of NEAT programme
The NIIT (National institute of Information Technology), a multi-national company has been selected as one
of the EdTech companies for the NEAT initiative. The NIIT will work with AICTE to implement the vision of
Ministry of HRD (Human and Resource Development) on NEAT.
Highlights
In order to make the NEAT initiative successful, the Ministry of HRD along with NIIT will institute 5 awards
of Rs 50,000 for faculties and 10 awards of Rs 10,000 for students.
NIIT was established in 1991. It is a non-profit university of higher education and research.
NEAT
The National Educational Alliance for Technology (NEAT) was launched to customize learning process
using Artificial Intelligence. The Union Government believes that the AI methodologies can be used to
address diversity in learners. (Diversity in learners is recognizing that everyone is unique in their own way)
The initiative through PPP model aims at creating EdTech Companies. These identified EdTech companies
will create National Alliance with the emerging technologies.
Features of NEAT
NEAT will create a common one-stop access to technological solutions. The solutions will be developed by
the EdTech companies. The institutes developing solutions are free to charge the companies according
their policy. The NEAT programme is being implemented by AICTTE.
Australian Koalas become endangered in bush fires
The Australian Koalas population suffered an extraordinary hit in the bush fires of Australia. It took 3
months for the firemen to control the fires.
Highlights
Australia recorded 2019 as its hottest year on record. Around 1.25 billion animals are believed to be dead in

bush fires. It has also destroyed more than 10 million hectares of land.
The Australian Koalas are to be put under “endangered” from “vulnerable” as 30% of their habitat were
destroyed by the fires. The Australian Government has announced 50 million Australian Dollars emergency
fund to save the wildlife affected due to the fires.
Australian Koalas
The Australian Koalas is herbivorous animals that are native to Australia. They are found in coastal areas of
New South Wales, Queensland, Victoria and South Australia. The IUCN red list currently puts Australian
Koala under Vulnerable Category.
Why were the bush fires severe?
The Indian Ocean Dipole was in its positive phase in 2019. This means, the eastern Indian Ocean (lying in
the north west of Australia) was cooler than the western Indian. This drew away the moisture from Australia
raising temperatures in Australia. The westerlies blowing hot air into the continent increased the fires
further fanning them.
ISRO to launch GSAT-30 satellite
On January 17, 2020, the Indian Space Research Organization will launch GSAT-30 satellite on the launch
vehicle Ariane-5. It is to be launched in Ariane Launch Complex at Kourou. Kourou is a French territory that
if located along the north eastern coast of South America.
About the Mission
The GSAT-30 is a communication satellite. It is to replace INSAT-4A. The mission life of GSAT-30 is 15
years. ISRO has designed GSAT-30 in such a way to increase the number of transponders. A transponder is
a device that transmits and responds to signals.
The satellite will help in supporting VSAT network, teleport services, DTH televisions services, cellular
backhaul connectivity and digital news gathering services
INSAT-4A
The Indian National Satellite System was a series of geostationary satellites that were launched for
telecommunications, meteorology, broadcasting and search and rescue operations. The INSAT-4A was
launched in 2005 mainly for communication purposes.
Ariane
Ariane Space is a commercial satellite launching organization that was founded in 1980. Since then, it has
launched 23 Indian satellites. APPLE Experimental was the first Indian satellite to be launched by Ariane.
The launch centres of the organization is located in Washington D.C, Tokyo, Singapore, French Guiana and
Baikonur Cosmodrome (Central Asia)
APPLE
APPLE was an experimental satellite launched by India in 1981. It was the first experimental communication
satellite of India. It was used for TV and radio communications. It laid the foundation for the large satellite
constellation of India that included INSAT and GSAT series.
GoI: 6th Island Development Agency meeting held in New Delhi
On January 13, 2020, Home Minister Amit Shah chaired the sixth Island Development Agency meeting in
New Delhi. The meeting focused on “Green Development in the Islands to reach new heights”
Highlights
The meeting reviewed the work progress of the programme, “Holistic Development of Islands”. The Island
Development Agency (IDA) has taken up scientifically assessed sustainable development goals in order to
improve growth of the Islands. This is the first time such an initiative is being implemented. The scientific
plans of development include creation of jobs through tourism, increasing export of sea food, increasing
coconut-based products produced in the Islands. The plan is to be implemented in four islands of Andaman

and Nicobar Islands and five islands of Lakshadweep Islands.
In the second phase 12 more islands of Andaman and Nicobar Islands and 5 Islands of Lakshadweep
islands are to be covered.
Connectivity plans
It was also decided in the meeting that infrastructure projects to improve sea and air connectivity with the
islands are to be implemented. Also, the city of Port Blair and other 7 islands of Andaman and Nicobar
Islands are to be digitally connected through submarine optical fibre cable by June 2020.
LANIDS
It was also decided in the meeting that, under the Lakshadweep and Andaman and Nicobar Islands
Industrial Development Scheme, Information Technology based micro, small and medium enterprises are to
be set up.
January 14, 2020
Statue of Unity included in 8 Wonders of SCO; SCO heads meet: first time in India
The Statue of Unity that was inaugurated by PM Modi in October 2018 has been included in 8 wonders of
SCO (Shanghai Cooperation Organization). The statue was a monumental tribute to Sardar Vallabhai Patel.
About the Statue
The Statue was inaugurated on the 143rd birth anniversary of Sardar Vallabhai Patel. It is the world’s tallest
statue. In one year, since its inauguration, it attracted 2.9 million tourists and earned 82 crores of rupees.
What are the Eight Wonders?
The Wonders of SCO include archaeological and historical monuments of SCO. It includes
Statue of Unity in India
Daming Palace in China
Navruz Palace in Tajikistan
Mughals Heritage in Pakistan
Tamgaly Gorge in Kazakhstan
Po-i-Kalan Complex in Uzbekistan
The Golden Ring of Russia
Lahore, the Mughals heritage in Pakistan
SCO Heads Meet
For the first time, India is hosting heads of Government meet of SCO countries. All the government heads of
eight SCO countries India, Russia, China, Kazakhstan, Tajikistan, Kyrgyzstan, Uzbekistan and Tajikistan will
attend the meeting. However, there are possibilities for Pakistan to skip the meet.
Amidst highest tensions between India and Pakistan, Pakistan PM Imran Khan is expected to skip the meet.
The countries however participated in SCO military exercise hosted by Russia.
SCO is an economic bloc in which India and Pakistan became members in 2017.
January 14: Armed Forces Veterans Day
Every year, Armed Forces Veterans Day is celebrated on January 14. The day is being celebrated since
2017. The day was initially called Armistice Day.
Background
The Day began its journey as Armistice Day in order to reflect upon heroism of those who died in country’s
service. Armistice Day is celebrated on November 11 all over the world. The first Armistice Day was
celebrated on November 11, 1919 marking the anniversary of the end of World War I and celebrating the
brave soldiers who were part of World War I. However, in India the day was first marked through a resolution
passed by the Congress in 1926.

Why November 11?
The Armistice Day was commemorated on November 11 to mark the armistice that was signed between
Allies of World war I and Germany.
Veterans Day
In 1954, the Armistice Day was changed to Veterans Day to honour the living legends of all wars. Unlike
Memorial Day, on armistice day, the world pays tribute to living veterans who were part of the war.
Armed Forces Veterans Day
The Armed Forces Veterans Day is celebrated from 2017. The fourth Army Forces Veteran Day, 2020 is to be
celebrated at National War Memorial. Chief of Army, Chief of Navy and Chief of Air Force will be present in
the function.
Why January 14?
Every year, January 14 is marked as Armed Forces Veteran Day as the Field Marshal KM Cariappa, the first
Commander-in-chief of Indian Armed Forces retired on the day.
Regulations of Drones in India hastened
On January 13, 2020, the Indian Aviation Ministry announced that registration of all drones in the country is
mandatory. The Ministry has given January 31, 2020 as deadline for the users to register their drones.
Highlights
Every drone is to be provided with a Unique Identification Number (UIN) under the scheme. GoI has opened
an online portal called “digital sky” for the users to register their drones. Upon registration, the users will be
provided with UIN, Unmanned Aircraft Operator Limit (UAOP), ownership acknowledgement number and
Drone acknowledgement number.
Legislation
The drone owners failing to register their drones will face actions under the Aircraft act, 1934 and Indian
Penal Code. The aircraft act governs aviation in India.
Significance
According to the FICCI committee on drones, there are 50,000 to 60,000 illegal drones in the country. Also,
the latest drone tragedies across the world has forced the GoI to hasten its actions towards regulation of
drones.
In December 2018, the world’s second busiest airport, the Heathrow airport remained closed for 3 days after
multiple rogue drones were seen flying over the perimeter. Around 1000 flights were cancelled. Major
General Soleimani was killed by the US military drone fired missile in Baghdad airport in January 2020.
Fuel Upgradation for Indian Navy
On January 13, 2020, the Ministry of Defence announces new fuel upgradation for Indian Navy with revised
technical specifications. The High Flash High Speed Diesel (HFHSD) was launched. The aim of the new fuel
introduction is to reduce carbon footprint.
Highlights
Indian Navy, one of the largest navies in the world in collaboration with Indian Oil Corporation carried out
several trials before concluding on HFHSD. The Joint Collaboration studied the international regulations of
MARPOL, NATO, ISO before concluding on the revised technical specification. Around 22 test parameters
were considered. This included certain critical parameters such as flash point, cetane number, sediment
content, sulphur content, cold filter plugging point and oxidation stability.
Significance
The upgrading of fuel is essential in order to keep pace with new technologies and emission standards. This
will also help other IOC customers and merchant mariners in the following years. It will also benefit foreign
Navy ships participating in exercises.

Bottom line, the fuel upgradation will help in reducing carbon footprint, equipment reliability, increased
performance and will help Navy achieve its Mission based deployment.
Critical Parameters of HFHSD
Flash Point-Flash Point of the lowest temperature at which HFHSD can form an ignitable mixture with
air. Lower the flash point, easier is the ignition. The Flash Point of HFHSD is 66.
Cetane Number-It is the number with which the performance of the fuel is measured. Higher the
number, better is the fuel performance. The Cetane number of HFHSD is 45.
Cold Filter Plugging Point-the temperature at which the fuel passes through the standardised
filtration device. The Cold filter Plugging Point is yet to be updated in the report.
Cold Filter Plugging Point-The lowest temperature at which the fuel passes through standardised
filtration device.
Sulphur Content-the percentage of Sulphur (by mass) present in HFHSD. The Sulphur Content of
HFHSD is 0.2%
Retail Inflation at 5-year high of 7.35% in December, 2019
According to the data released by Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation on January 13,
2020, the food inflation increased to 14.12% in December 2019 as compared to 10.01% in November 2019.
The CPI (consumer Price Index) rose to 7.35% as compared to 5.54% the previous month. The inflation was
increase was mainly due to vegetables
Highlights
In December 2018, the food inflation was -2.65%. Vegetable inflation in urban areas touched 75% and at the
country sides it was at 53%. Onion inflation doubled as compared to the previous month. It was 128% in
November and it increased to 328% in December.
Analysis
The soaring crude oil prices due to the increasing tensions between Iran and US is the major reason. In the
coming Budget, GoI is expected to increase its spending largely on infrastructure and cut taxes. This might
stoke inflation further.
RBI
For the first time, the inflation has breached RBI’s target inflation of 4% (±2%). Predicting the situation, RBI
had kept its policy interest rates on hold in its policy review of December 2019.
Implications
As inflation increases, the following can be expected
Increase in interest rates that will increase cost of borrowing
Slow-down in investment and economic growth
MoU between Railways and SBI for door step banking
On January 14, 2020, the South-Central Railways and SBI signed MoU to implement door step banking in
585 railway stations
Highlights
The MoU will enable direct pick up of cash from all the railway stations included in the MoU. Before the
agreement, the earnings generated at the railway stations were manually sent to nearest banks that were
authorised to collect the deposit on behalf of the Railways. This delayed the remittance of cash because of
several factors such as availability of man power, holidays, etc.
Major Benefits of the new system
The door step banking will provide uniform cash remittance mechanism in all the railway stations. It will
also provide real time information about the cash that is deposited by different stations. This will enable
increased accountability and also will help in better supervision. This method will also avoid unwanted

accumulation of cash at railway stations.
Why not DBT?
The Direct Bank Transfer is not a feasible option at the moment. This is because there are still persons in
the interior parts of the country using cash to buy their tickets. Apart from interior parts, cash is still used in
urban areas to buy tickets as well.
The number of passengers using online to book their tickets have increased since 2011-12. In 2015, around
54% of tickets were booked online as compared to 2012. In 2018 the e-ticket sales have been up by 14%.
However, there are still an accountable population using cash to buy their tickets.
Indian Railways: MoU with RailTel; Content on Demand Services to raise non-fare revenue
The Indian Railways has signed MoU with the RailTel, a Mini Ratna Public Sector Undertaking in order to
implement Phase II of e-office programme. Also, the Indian Railways is to provide content on demand
services in premium, suburban, express and mail trains.
MoU of E-Office
On January 13, 2020, the Indian Railways and RailTel signed an agreement to implement the Phase 2 of E-
office project. E-Office system is an integrated file management system that will help employees manage
data, content electronically. Under the new phase, around 39,000 users are to be registered in 34 Railway
divisions on the National informatics Centre. The target is set to be completed by March 2020.
Phase I
The Phase I of the project aimed at registering 50,000 plus users in 58 stations by March 2020. However,
the Indian Railways have completed the target well ahead of time.
E-Office aims at adopting paperless culture. This will help reduce operational cost and also reduce carbon
foot print.
National Informatics Centre
The National Informatics Centre was established in 1976. It operates under Ministry of Electronics and
Information Technology. It provides infrastructure to deliver Government IT services and also the initiatives
of Digital India.
Content on Demand Services
In order to generate more non fare revenue, Indian Railways will soon create content-on-demand in express,
mail, suburban and express trains. The service is to be provided by the RailTel unit of GoI. The project is to
be implemented in 2 years.
Under the project, the content such as shows, movies, educational programmes are to be made available in
paid and unpaid formats for a period of 10 years. The project will be implemented in several languages. The
aim is to cover all the 17 zones of the Railways.
Muppavarapu Venkaiah Naidu National Award to Prof M S Swaminathan
On January 14, 2020, the Agricultural Scientist Prof M S Swaminathan was awarded the “Muppavarapu
Venenkaiah Naidu” National award. The award was also presented to Mr Muniratnam. Mr Muniratnam was
the first person to receive the award four days back.
Highlights
The professor was made the honours during Pongal celebrations at Raj Bhavan in Chennai. The award
carried cash prize of Rs 5 lakhs. During the celebrations, the professor was titled as “Father of Green
Revolution and the Doyen of Agricultural Science”.
Muppavarapu foundation
Muppavarapu foundation is a non-profit organisation started by Mr Muppavarapu Harshavardhan, son of
Vice President Venkaiah Naidu. The organisation arranges training on latest technologies. The trainings are
predominantly offered in the fields of horticulture, agriculture, animal husbandry, home science, fisheries,

vermi culture and mushroom culture.
M S Swaminathan
Mr Swaminathan is an Indian Geneticist. He played a major role in Green Revolution programme of India. He
has played the role of director general of ICAR (Indian Council of Agricultural Research), director of IRRI
(International Rice Research Institute) and president of IUCN (International Union for the Conservation of
Nature and Natural Resources). He was a follower of Mahatma Gandhi.
The Great Bengal Famine kindled the professor’s interest towards agriculture. He left his doctor profession
and learned agriculture from University of Kerala. He also conquered UPSC and qualified for IPS.
January 15: IMD Foundation Day
On January 15, 2020, the IMD celebrates its 145th Foundation Day. It was begun in 1875. The day will be
celebrated by Ministry of Earth Science under which IMD (Indian Meteorological Department) functions.
Recent Achievements of IMD
Around 5 observatories of IMD received recognition from World Meteorological Organization (WMO). It
includes Chennai, Mumbai, Pune, Thiruvananthapuram and Panjim. They were recognised for their long-term
observatory services of more than 100 years.
It earned global applause for its accurate prediction of Cyclone Fani
The False Alarm ratio has declined and the Probability of Detection (POD) has increased from 0.45 in 2002
to 0.8 in 2019.
Technological Advancements
In August 2019, CDES (Centralised Data Entry System) replaced DATEN9 software. Around 91 observatory
stations and 40 airports are using the system. It also provides Agro-Meteorological Advisory services under
PPP model providing weather conditions to more than 40.2 million farmers.
IMD
It is the principle agency of GoI that makes weather forecasts, meteorological observations and
seismological observations. The headquarters of IMD is in Delhi. It operates observatory station in India and
in Antarctica. The major IMD centres are located in Guwahati, Kolkata, Chennai, Mumbai, New Delhi and
Nagpur.
IMD is one of the six regional specialised Meteorological centres of WMO.
January 15, 2020
National Draft Policy on Rare Diseases
On January 13, 2020, the Government of India released its National Draft Policy on rare diseases. The policy
has proposed one-time fund of Rs 15 lakhs to treat rare diseases under Ayushman Bharat. The policy was
drafted by Ministry of Health and Family Welfare
Highlights
Under the policy, certain medical institutes will be certified as Centre of Excellence for rare diseases. It
includes AIIMS. New Delhi, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Science, Lucknow, King
Edward Medical Hospital, Mumbai and four others.
There are certain diseases such as Hurler Syndrome, Gaucher’s disease, Wolman disease for which the
annual treatment expenses may vary from Rs 10 lakhs to Rs 1 crore. For such diseases, a digital platform is
to be set up to raise donations and corporate funding.
Key Features of the policy
An inter-ministerial consultative committee is to be set up at national level. The committee will be led
by MoHFW.
A patient registry of rare diseases is to be constituted under ICMR (Indian Council of Medical
Research).
To create Administrative Committee that will develop guidelines to determine which rare diseases to
fund.
Concerns
There are 7,000 to 8,000 rare diseases. However, therapies are available only to less than 5% diseases. So
far, 450 rare diseases have been recorded in India.
There is no definition for rare diseases. However, looking at global scenario (in countries like US, UK,
Japan), India defines rare diseases. In India, rare diseases are those diseases affecting 6% to 8% of the
population.
There is no data on number of people suffering from rare diseases in India.
Rare Diseases
The rare diseases that are included in the draft policy are Thalassemia, Haemophilia, Primary Immuno
deficiency in children, sickle cell anaemia, lysosomal storage disorders such as Gaucher’s disease,
Hirschsprung disease, Pompe disease, Hemangiomas, Cystic Fibrosis.
Committees appointed
The GoI had appointed three committees to frame the policy. The policy has been framed based on the
recommendations of the following committees
V K Paul Committee
IC Verma Sub Committee Report
D K Tempe Committee Report
Annual Status of Education Report 2019

On January 14, 2020, the Non-Profit Organization Pratham released its annual report, Annual Status of
Education Report, 2019. The report is based on the survey conducted in 26 districts that covers 36,000
children in the age group of 4 to 8 years.
Key Findings of the report
Number of girls enrolled in government schools is higher than number of boys. On the other hand,
number of boys enrolled in private institutions is higher than that of girls
The report says that around 56.8% of girls and 50.4% of boys are enrolled in government schools.
In the age group of 6-8 years, 61.1% of girls and 52.1% of boys were enrolled in government
institutions.
According to RTE act, 2009 (Right to Education act), children should enter Class I at the age of 6. But
according to the report, 4 out of every 10 children entering Class I are less than 5 years old.
Suggestions of the report
The existing network of Anganwadi Centres should be strengthened and expanded.
Early language, numeracy, social and emotional learning tasks are closely related to age of the
children. Therefore, it is mandatory to put children into primary grades at the right age.
The age band of children between 4 and 8 are seen as continuous progressive stages, Therefore, utmost
importance should be given in designing curriculum for these stages
WHO releases Global Health Challenges for 2020
Every year, the World Health Organization releases list of Global Health Challenges of the forth coming year.
This year, on January 13, 2020, the organization had released the top global health challenges for the year.
Global Health Challenges
The list included 13 potential threats. The foremost threat was Anti-Microbial Resistance (AMR) and
climate crisis. The 2 threats have been on the top for the previous year, 2019 as well. The report says
around 7 million people are affected because of climate change. Climate change has increased malnutrition

and is fueling the spread of infectious diseases such as malaria. The other threats that have topped the list
includes influenza epidemic and spread of infectious diseases such as HIV, malaria and tuberculosis.
More than one-quarter of death is due to stroke, heart attack, chronic respiratory disease and lung cancer.
The chances of these diseases are increased by raising levels of air pollution.
A new entrant to the list of top 13 potential threats is Lack of Access. The report says that around a third of
world population lack access to vaccines, diagnostic tools, medicines and other essential health products.
Shortage of health care workers is also the major global concern. WHO says that another 18 million health
workers are required by 2030.
Above of all unhealthy food diets is also major threat. Lack of food, unhealthy diets and unsafe food are
responsible for one-third of global disease burden.
Other Threats
The threats are not only diseases-related. It also includes other threats such as social media, infrastructure,
human resources and new technologies. The misinformation about diseases in social media is a major
threat as it is spread false fears among people. Also, delivering health care in conflict ridden areas is also
the biggest challenge according to WHO.
New Rules to sell hallmarked gold Artifacts
On January 14, 2020, the GoI announced that Indian jewellers shall be allowed to sell hallmarked gold
artifacts that are made of 14, 18 and 22 carat gold alone. Also, it is mandatory for all jewellers to get
compulsory hallmark. Currently gold hallmarking is voluntary. The mandatory ruling is to be implemented
from January 15, 2021.
Highlights
The Government has introduced new ruling that violation of hall marking will result in one-year
imprisonment and a fine. The jewellers have been given one-year time to arrange hallmarking according to
the Bureau of Indian Standards.
Hall Mark
Hall marking is the level of purity certification awarded by the Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS). The BIS
Hallmark has a triangular mark, logo of the producer and year of manufacturing of the product. It is
essential to make hall marking mandatory to curb frauds and fake gold.
Current Scenario in India
Currently in India, only 28,849 jewellers have BIS registration. According to World Gold Council, the gold
import of India was 496.11 tonnes in 2019.
Karat of Gold
The purity of gold is measured in karat of gold. 100% pure gold is called 24 Karat gold. 22 Karat gold is
91.6% pure and hence the name 916 hallmark in gold jewelleries.
GoI launches Saksham, a mega campaign on fuel conservation

The Petroleum Conservation Research Association (PCRA) operating under Ministry of Petroleum and
Natural Gas will launch fuel conservation campaign on January 16, 2020.
Highlights
The campaign will create awareness among public about fuel conservation. PCRA has been conducting
Saksham campaigns in different parts of the country. This year, the campaign will create awareness about
the following
PCRA has developed energy efficient burners for gas stoves.
It will provide messages on “Pollution ka Solution”.
In collaboration with NCERT, PCRA has prepared a comic book on the theme, “Fuel Conservation”.

The books are to be distributed at the campaigns. The books are also available in E-Pathshala.
Previous Achievements of PCRA campaigns
The most successful Saksha campaign of PCRA was recently conducted on switching off of engines at red
light in traffic signals. This helped to reduce fuel losses by 22% before and after the campaign.
PCRA
PCRA is engaged in promotion of energy efficient programmes in different sectors of the country. It
sponsors R&D activities to develop fuel efficient equipment. The major aim of the agency is to make oil
conservation a national movement.
PCRA is a Government think tank that proposes strategies and policies on petroleum conservation and
environment protection. This is to reduce the country’s dependence on oil.
First digital exhibition on Indian Heritage inaugurated
On January 15, 2020, the State of Culture and Tourism minister launched a month long exhibition on Indian
Heritage in New Delhi. The exhibition was launched in digital space and will stay online till February 15,
2020.
Highlights
This exhibition is first of its kind in the country. The visitors of the exhibition will find architectural and
conjectural reconstructions, recreations of socio-cultural traditions and life of Hampi and also many more
murals. Through this, the exhibition will take heritage to wider population. It has overcome the barrier that
heritage was restricted only to research. When the reach of significance of heritage increases,
accountability of citizens increases. This will help to protect age old structures and monuments in a better
way.
Indian Heritage in Digital Space (IHDS)
The technologies used to create the models of Heritages were developed by the IHDS programme. IHDS is
an initiative of Department of Science and Technology, that aims to create 3D LASER scan data, holographic
projections, AR and 3D fabrication to showcase glory of heritages. It has so far created reconstruction of
Hampi and other five Indian monuments namely Taj Mahal, Sun Temple, Kashi Vishwanath Temple,
Ramachandra Temple and RaniKiVav Patan.
The exhibition also consists of special installation called “VIRAASAT”. Viraasat in Hindi means heritage. It
provides mixed reality experience to visitors through 3D printing.
Multiple Choice Questions
1. The government had recently launched central Equipment Identity Register portal. It operates under which
department?
[A] Department of Science and Technology
[B] Department of Telecom
[C] Department of Biotechnology
[D] Department of Public Enterprise
Answer: Department of Telecom
The Indian government, on December 2019, had launched the Central Equipment Identity Register Portal
to block and trace mobile phones. It has the database of the International Mobile Equipment Identity
number of the blacklisted mobile phones.
2. Dhanu Jatra is currently celebrated in which state?
[A] Odisha
[B] Telangana
[C] Jharkhand
[D] Madhya Pradesh
Answer: Odisha
The famous 11-day Dhanu Jatra, the annual drama-based open-air theatrical performance is conducted
in and around the city of Bargarh in Western Odisha. It is based on mythological story of Lord Krishna
and his Uncle, King Kansa. In November 2014, it was conferred with the National Festival Status.
3. Fausta, a female black rhino, believed to be the world’s oldest rhino, had recently died in Tanzanian
conservation area. What is the IUCN status of the black rhinos?
[A] Least concern
[B] Endangered
[C] Critically Endangered
[D] Near threatened
Answer: Critically Endangered
Also known as “hook-lipped rhinoceros”, these species, though called “black” are in varying colours of
brown and grey. They are found in South and East Africa, including Kenya, Tanzania, Namibia, South
Africa and Zimbabwe. Its IUCN status is critically endangered, though the South-Western status of the
black rhinoceros is classified under vulnerable.
4. Which state is going to observe “No Vehicle Day” on the first day of every month in 2020?
[A] Kerala
[B] Gujarat
[C] Punjab
[D] Rajasthan
Answer: Rajasthan
In order to promote road safety and reduce vehicular pollution, Rajasthan Transport department is going
to observe a “No Vehicle Day” once a month in 2020. The employees of the transport department are to
come to their offices as pedestrians, via bicycles or a public transport.
5. Where was the event held to commemorate the 76th Anniversary of the First Flag Hoisting by Netaji
Subhas Chandra Bose?
[A] Kashmir
[B] Jammu
[C] Ladakh
[D] Andaman and Nicobar Islands
Answer: Andaman and Nicobar Islands
A function was held to commemorate the 76th Anniversary of the First Flag Hoisting of Netaji Subhas
Chandra Bose at Port Blair. Subhash Mela Committee Swarajdweep has organised bike rally. The
cultural programmes were also conducted.
6. Which state is going to conduct its maiden snow leopard survey?
[A] Uttrakhand
[B] Himachal Pradesh
[C] Haryana
[D] Punjab
Answer: Uttrakhand
Uttarakhand is preparing for its maiden snow leopards survey after the winter is over. Experts estimate
that there are over 80 snow leopards in Uttarakhand. However, a census of this cat has not yet been
conducted.
7. Which ministry is set to launch “Santusht” portal for rapid grievance redressal for the employers and the
employees?
[A] Ministry of Commerce and Industry
[B] Ministry of Finance
[C] Ministry of Labor and Employment
[D] Ministry of Human Resource Development
Answer: Ministry of Labor and Employment
The Ministry of Labour and Employment is going to launch “Santusht” platform next month to ensure an
efficient implementation of the labour laws at the grass root levels. It will also look into the services
provided by the retirement fund body, EPFO and health insurance and service provider ESIC for those
working in the formal sector.
8. Who is going to head the recently constituted task force for developing the National Infrastructure
Pipeline?
[A] Cabinet Secretary
[B] Economic Affairs Secretary
[C] Revenue Secretary
[D] Finance Secretary
Answer: Economic Affairs Secretary
The Union Finance Minister had unveiled a Rs. 102 lakh crore National Infrastructure Pipeline. To create
a road map for the national infrastructure pipeline from 2019-2020 to 2024-25, finance ministry had set
up a task force. It is to be headed by the Economic Affairs Secretary.
9. The dornier aircraft, that was recently inducted into the Otters Squadron, belongs to which category?
[A] Reconnaissance aircraft
[B] Light Utility aircraft
[C] Surveillance aircraft
[D] Strategic Airlifter
Answer: Light Utility aircraft
The light utility aircraft Dornier was recently inducted into the No.41 “Otters” Squadron during a
ceremony at the Palam Air Force Station. the Dornier-228 aircraft is a multi-purpose, fuel efficient,
rugged, lightweight twin turboprop aircraft with retractable tricycle landing gear.
10. Captain Vikram Batra, after whom Delhi is to rename it’s Mukarba Chowk, was martyred in which war?
[A] Sino-Indian war of 1962
[B] Indo-Pakistan war of 1947
[C] Kargil War
[D] Bangladesh Liberation War
Answer: Kargil War
The Delhi government’s naming committee had recommended the renaming of Pragati Maidan metro
station as Supreme Court metro station. It had also decided to rename the Mukarba Chowk and its
flyover after the Kargil War martyr Captain Vikram Batra.
11. The agreement on the prohibition of attack against nuclear installations and facilities was signed in
1988 between which two countries?
[A] US and USSR
[B] USSR and China
[C] India and Pakistan
[D] India and USSR

Answer: India and Pakistan
On 1st January each year, India and Pakistan exchange a list of their nuclear installations in accordance
with the Agreement on the Prohibition of attack against Nuclear Installations and Facilities. This
agreement prohibits both the countries from attacking each other’s atomic facilities.
12. From which Indian organization, the four personnel have been selected for training in Russia for the
Gaganyaan Mission, that is going to be launched in 2022?
[A] ISRO
[B] IAF
[C] MARCOS
[D] Indian Navy
Answer: IAF
Recently, four men from Indian Air Force have been identified for Gaganyaan, India’s first manned
mission to space. They will undertake astronauts’ training in Russia. Gaganyaan is a crewed orbital
spacecraft intended to send astronauts into space for a minimum of 7 days by 2022 as a part of the
Indian Human Spaceflight Programme.
13. Who will launch the “Earthshot Prize” to motivate new solution to tackle climate crisis?
[A] Duke of Cambridge
[B] Queen Elizabeth II
[C] Duke of Sussex
[D] Prince of Wales
Answer: Duke of Cambridge
Prince William, the Duke of Cambridge will launch the environmental prize called the Earthshot. The
multi-million pound award will be given to five winners each year for the next 10 years, starting from
2021. Its aim is to provide at least 50 solutions to the world’s greatest problems by 2030.
14. Who will be the head of the recently created Sainya Karta Vibhag?
[A] Prime Minister
[B] Defence Minister
[C] Finance Minister
[D] Chief of Defence Staff
Answer: Chief of Defence Staff
A new Department of Military Affairs, also known as Sainya Karta Vibhag will be headed by the Chief of
Defence Staff. This department is an addition to the four other departments of the Ministry of Defence –
the Department of Defence, Defence Production, Defence and Development and Ex-service welfare.
15. Which nation has recently banned the ‘reef toxic’ sunscreen?
[A] Australia
[B] New Zealand
[C] Palau
[D] Nauru
Answer: Palau
Palau has banned “reef-toxic” sunscreens. The scientific evidence showed that chemicals found in most
sunscreens were toxic to corals. Therefore, from New Year’s Day, any reef-toxic sunscreens that are
imported or sold in Palau will be confiscated and the owner will be fined.
16. The US was recently praised by the UAE for its role in the Global Coalition against Daesh. What is the
other name for Daesh?
[A] Al Qaeda
[B] Hezbollah
[C] ISIS
[D] Houthis
Answer: ISIS
The UAE had expressed its support for all the measures taken by the US to defend and protect its
interests and forces in the region and also praised the US’ role in the Global Coalition against Daesh
(ISIS). The term “Daesh” is an acronym for the Arabic phrase al-Dawla al-Islamiya al-Iraq al-Sham
(Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant).
17. Which is the world’s first major city to celebrate the start of the 2020 New Year and new decade?
[A] Sydney
[B] Auckland
[C] Christchurch
[D] Welllington
Answer: Auckland
Auckland in New Zealand has become the world’s first major city to celebrate the start of the 2020.
Australia and New Zealand were followed by Europe, the Middle East and Asia to welcome the year
2020. The firework display in Sydney, Australia was put up despite the ongoing bushfire crisis.
18. What aspect of agriculture is focused upon by Krishi Karman Award?
[A] Supply
[B] Sales
[C] Production
[D] Water Management
Answer: Production
The Prime Minister is to visit Karnataka on January 2nd and 3rd. He will confer Krishi Karman Award to 21
states that have recorded good agriculture production in various categories during the previous crop
seasons.
19. What is the aim of the recently formed Akhil Bharatiya Gujarati Samaj Sankalan Samiti?
[A] Include NRIs in the State’s development process
[B] Include non-resident Gujaratis in the state’s development process
[C] Include persons of Indian origin in state’s development process
[D] Include Indians outside Gujarat in the development process
Answer: Include non-resident Gujaratis in the state’s development process
The Akhil Bharatiya Gujarati Samaj Sankalan Samiti, with the state’s chief minister as chief patron and
the Minister of Non-resident Gujaratis (NRGs) as the president, aims to include Gujaratis living outside
the state in the state’s developmental process. The Samiti will meet twice a year – once in Gujarat and
next in another state.
20. What is Landouria tonywhitteni that was named after Tony Whitten?
[A] Snail
[B] Grasshopper
[C] Snake
[D] Beetle
Answer: Snail
Tony Whitten was a British conservationist who documented biodiversity in Asia before he died due to

cycling crash. A prize fund was set up in his name after his death. One of the recent winners of this prize
named a snail in Indonesia after him. These species live in a limestone habitat and are threatened due to
quarrying for the cement industry.
21. On January 2, 2020, Prakash Parv was celebrated as birth anniversary of which Sikh Guru?
[A] Guru Harkrishan Sahib
[B] Guru Har Rai
[C] Guru Gobind Singh
[D] Guru Teg Bahadur
Answer: Guru Gobind Singh
The birth anniversary of the tenth Sikh Guru, Guru Gobind Singh was celebrated across the country and
many parts of the world on January 2, 2020. The birth anniversary of a Sikh Guru is also called as
“Prakash Parv”. As per the traditional Sikh calendar (Nanakshahi) , birthday of Guru Gobind Singh falls
on January 2, this year (Though he was born on 5 January 1666 by Gregorian Calendar). Guru Gobind
Singh was named as the tenth Sikh guru, at the age of 9, after the ninth Guru and his father Guru Teg
Bahadur was killed.
22. Which country was the largest source of foreign direct investment (FDI) in India during the first half of
the financial year 2019-2020?
[A] UAE
[B] Switzerland
[C] Singapore
[D] USA
Answer: Singapore
According to the recently released Government data, Singapore remains the largest source of foreign
direct investment (FDI) in India during the first half of the financial year with investments amounting to
$8 billion. The second largest source was Mauritius with $6.36 billion worth investments followed by the
United States, the Netherlands and Japan. India remains as one of the world’s favourite FDI destinations
during this year. FDI limits in coal mining and contract manufacturing were recently relaxed by the
Government.
23. ISRO is to set up its second launch port in Tamilnadu for SSLV. What does SSLV stand for?
[A] Space Satellite Launch Vehicle
[B] Speed Satellite Launch Vehicle
[C] Small Satellite Launch Vehicle
[D] Solar Satellite Launch Vehicle
Answer: Small Satellite Launch Vehicle
The Indian Space Research Organisation is to set up its second launch port in Thoothukodi district of
southern Tamilnadu. The Government of Tamilnadu will arrange nearly 2300 acres of land for the
construction of the launch centre. The proposed launch port will mainly handle the Small Satellite
Launch vehicle (SSLV), which is under development. SSLVs will be used to carry a payload of up to 500
kg and are expected to be deployed in the first half of 2020.
24. What is the estimated cost of the new Chandrayaan -3 project, as per the announcement of ISRO?
[A] Rs. 600 Crore
[B] Rs. 500 Crore
[C] Rs. 400 Crore
[D] Rs. 300 Crore.

Answer: Rs. 600 Crore
The Indian Space Research Organisation has recently confirmed the country’s third mission to the moon,
named Chandrayaan-3. The Government has approved the project of Chandrayaan-3 and the estimated
cost of the project would be more than Rs.600 Crores as announced by the Chairman of ISRO, K Sivan.
As per his statement, the new soft-landing mission project is expected to be launched at the end of this
year or during early 2021.
25. Which satellite would be launched on January 17, 2020 as the first satellite of the year 2020?
[A] GSAT-30
[B] GSAT 29
[C] GSAT 17
[D] GSAT 11
Answer: GSAT-30
As per the recent announcement of the Chairman of ISRO, India will launch GSAT 30, a heavy geo-
stationary communication satellite on January 17, 2020. This mission would be the first satellite of the
year 2020 for India. The satellite will be launched using Ariane-5ECA launch vehicle from Kourou space
centre in French Guiana. The satellite will be used to provide communication links to government and
private service providers.
26. Who was recently reappointed as the Chairman of Railway Board?
[A] Vinod Kumar Yadav
[B] Rajesh Agrawal
[C] Purnendu Sekhar Mishra
[D] Vishwesh Chaube
Answer: Vinod Kumar Yadav
The incumbent Chairman of Railway Board, Vinod Kumar Yadav recently assumed office as the
Chairman after his reappointment has been approved by the Appointments Committee of Cabinet. He
was appointed as the Chairman for the first term on January 2019. Recently the Cabinet approved the
restructuring of the Railway board and the merger of several cadres in the administration. A new post of
CEO was also created during the restructuring exercise.
27. What is the name of the award to be given to the states for good agricultural production, by the Prime
Minister?
[A] Krishi Samman
[B] Krishi Samridhi
[C] Krishi Karman
[D] Krishi Keerthi
Answer: Krishi Karman
The Prime Minister is expected to present the Krishi Karman awards during a function in Karnataka, to
21 states, for their excellent performance in agriculture production. The Krishi Karman award was
instituted by the Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers welfare in the year 2010-2011 to recognise the
efforts of states in food grain production. Awards are given on the basis of highest total food grain
production and highest individual food grain crop production.
28. Which city is host to the 107th edition of the Indian Science Congress (ISC)?
[A] New Delhi
[B] Lucknow
[C] Kolkatta

[D] Bengaluru
Answer: Bengaluru
The Prime Minister, Narendra Modi will inaugurate the 107th edition of the Indian Science Congress
(ISC) at the University of Agricultural Sciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka from January 3 to 7, 2020.The
theme of the five-day event will be ‘Science and technology: rural development’. The congress would
also host various programmes like Women Science Congress, Children Science Congress, Science
Communicators Meet and Farmer’s Science Congress.
29. Who received the famous ‘Sangita Kalanithi’ award of the Music Academy, recently?
[A] S. Sowmya
[B] Sudha Ragunathan
[C] Bombay Jeyashree
[D] Aruna Sairam
Answer: S. Sowmya
The leading Carnatic vocalist S.Sowmya was selected for the ‘Sangita Kalanithi’ award instituted by the
Music Academy and recently received the award. Sowmya, a recipient of various awards and titles in her
music career, is a visiting faculty at the Madras Advanced School of Carnatic Music, run by the Music
Academy. She also serves as the member of the Academic Council of the Tamil Nadu Music and Fine
Arts University.
30. After Indore at first rank, which cities ranked second and third (in first quarter) in Swachh Survekshan
League, 2020, released recently?
[A] Ahmedabad and Jaipur
[B] Gurugram and Bengaluru
[C] Pune and Bhubaneswar
[D] Bhopal and Surat
Answer: Bhopal and Surat
The result of Swachh Survekshan League 2020 was recently released by the Minister for Housing and
Urban Affairs, Hardeep Singh Puri for the first and second Quarters of this year. Under the category of
cities with 10 lakh plus population, Indore topped in both the first and second quarters. The famous city
of Madhya Pradesh, Indore was also the topper of the league in the previous year. Bhopal and Surat were
ranked second and third in the first quarter respectively and Rajkot and Navi Mumbai in the second
quarter.
31. The Prime Minister of India recently inaugurated five Young Scientists Labs of which organisation?
[A] Indian Space Research Organisation, ISRO
[B] Defence Research and Development Organisation, DRDO
[C] Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, BARC
[D] Department of Atomic Energy, DAE
Answer: Defence Research and Development Organisation, DRDO
The Prime Minister of India, Narendra Modi recently launched five new defence laboratories called DRDO
Young Scientists Laboratories (DYSL) for the Defence Research and Development Organisation from
Bengaluru, Karnataka. The labs will operate from five Indian cities, namely Bengaluru, Mumbai, Chennai,
Hyderabad and Kolkatta. They will focus on developing new and innovative defence technologies for our
country and thus enhance our self reliance in the field.
32. Which state has recently declared 2020 as the year of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and has signed MoUs
with tech firms for AI research?

[A] Andhra Pradesh
[B] Telengana
[C] Odisha
[D] Assam
Answer: Telengana
Recently, Telengana Government organised an event to declare the year 2020 as the year of Artificial
Intelligence (AI). In the event, Memorandums of Understanding (MoUs) were signed with several
technological firms and institutions for development of Artificial Intelligence (AI) research in the state.
As per the partnerships, a Centre for Research in Applied Artificial Intelligence (CRiAA) and a Research &
Development (R&D) park will be soon set up in Telengana.
33. According to the recent data from the Ministry of Forest Environment and Climate Change (MoEFCC),
what is the total number of tiger deaths occurred in India during 2019?
[A] 95
[B] 100
[C] 105
[D] 110
Answer: 95
According to the recent data from the Ministry of Forest Environment and Climate Change (MoEFCC),
the total number of tiger deaths was under 100 after three years. In the year 2019, 95 tigers were dead in
total, among them 84 tigers were actually dead and 11 of them were presumed dead by identifying their
body parts. In the previous year 2018, there were 100 deaths of tigers in total and in 2017, the count was
115.
34. David Stern who passed away recently was the Commissioner of which famous Sports league?
[A] Formula 1, F1
[B] National Basketball Association, NBA
[C] Major League Baseball, MLB
[D] National Hockey League, NHL
Answer: National Basketball Association, NBA
A famous figure among the basketball Community David Stern passed away recently. He served as the
Commissioner of National Basketball Association, NBA from 1984 to 2014. He also made a record of
being the longest serving Commissioner of a major league. He played a crucial role in broadening the
scope of NBA in the international arena and making it popular and successful. The Women’s National
Basketball Association was founded under his leadership.
35. Sunita Lakra, who announced her retirement recently, is a famous Indian player of which Sports?
[A] Tennis
[B] Badminton
[C] Hockey
[D] Cricket
Answer: Hockey
Former Indian Hockey team captain and the team’s defender Sunita Lakra recently announced her
retirement from International Hockey citing her knee injuries. In the 2018 Asian Champions Trophy, India
bagged the second place under her captaincy. She was also a part of the Indian team that participated in
the Rio Olympics, 2016. Though she could not participate in Tokyo Olympics, Sunita will hopefully return
to play domestic Hockey after her knee surgery.

36. Which state has recently announced a scheme to deliver sand to customer’s doorstep from January 2,
2020?
[A] Odisha
[B] Maharashtra
[C] Andhra Pradesh
[D] Kerala
Answer: Andhra Pradesh
The State Government of Andhra Pradesh recently announced that it would deliver sand to the
customer’s doorstep. The scheme was launched as a pilot project in the Krishna District and would be
expanded to other districts as well. The Andhra Pradesh Mineral Development Corporation (APMDC)
would be the implementing agency of the delivery scheme. The state recently launched the new sand
policy in September 2019 and has been taking various steps to curb illegal sand trade.
37. Umaro Cissoko Embalo was recently elected as the President of which country?
[A] Gambia
[B] Senegal
[C] Guinea-Bissau
[D] Guinea
Answer: Guinea-Bissau
Former Prime Minister and Army General of Guinea-Bissau, Umaro Cissoko Embalo recently won in the
second round of the presidential elections of the country. Jose Mario Vaz is the incumbent President of
the country, who failed to win in the first round elections held earlier. Umaro Embalo, served as the
Prime Minister under the presidency of Jose Mario Vaz from 2016 to 2018. Guinea-Bissau is a country in
West Africa, which gained independence from Portugal in 1974.
38. Who was recently presented with the ‘Lokmanya Tilak National Journalism Award‘?
[A] Ravish Kumar
[B] Arnabh Goswami
[C] Shekar Gupta
[D] Sanjay Gupta
Answer: Sanjay Gupta
Sanjay Gupta, the Chief Editor of the leading Hindi daily, ‘Jagran’ was recently honoured with the
‘Lokmanya Tilak National Journalism Award’. This award was instituted by the Pune based Kesari-
Maratha Trust for recognising the contributions made by individuals in the field of journalism. The award
will be presented at the event organised to commemorate the Foundation day of ‘Kesari’, the newspaper
started by famous freedom fighter Lokmanya Tilak.
39. What is the new integrated helpline number of the Indian Railways, launched recently?
[A] 138
[B] 139
[C] 1071
[D] 1072
Answer: 139
The Indian Railways has recently launched an integrated helpline number ‘139’ for its passengers by
merging several other existing helpline numbers. The only other number which can still be used is ‘182’,
which is the helpline number for assistance related to theft and criminal issues. This new helpline 139 is
based on Interactive Voice Response system (IVRS) and is made available in 12 languages. The number

can be even dialled from basic phones.
40. What is the annual financial assistance given to eligible farmers under the PM-KISAN scheme?
[A] Rs. 10000
[B] Rs. 8000
[C] Rs. 6000
[D] Rs. 5000
Answer: Rs. 6000
The 3rd installment of Pradhan Mantri Kisan Samman Nidhi (PM- KISAN) scheme was released by the
Prime Minister of India Narendra Modi in Tumakuru, Karnataka. This latest installment is expected to
benefit nearly six crore beneficiaries. The PM- KISAN scheme was launched by the Prime Minister on
February 2019 to provide financial assistance of Rs.6000 per year to eligible farmers in three
installments of Rs.2000 each. The payment of second installment began from April 2019.
41. Qassim Soleimani ,who was killed in the US air strike was the Military Commander of which country?
[A] Iraq
[B] Iran
[C] Israel
[D] Syria
Answer: Iran
The powerful Military Commander of Iran, General Qassim Soleimani was killed in the air strike
conducted by the United States. The President of the US is said to have ordered a drone attack on the
vehicles, in which the Iran military personnel were travelling near the Bhagdad Airport. Another
commander and adviser to Soleimani, Abu Mahdi al-Muhandis was also killed in the attack. Soleimani
was the commander of the Quds Force of Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC)
42. Manav Thakkar, who is in news recently, is a famous personality of which sports?
[A] Badminton
[B] Tennis
[C] Table Tennis
[D] Squash
Answer: Table Tennis
The 19-year-old Table Tennis player of India, Manav Thakkar is in news as he reached the top position in
the latest International Table Tennis Federation (ITTF) rankings in Under-21 men’s single category. This
coveted rank could be achieved after he won the Under-21 men’s singles title at the ITTF Challenge Plus
North American Open last year. Manav is only the fourth Indian to become World No.1 in the ITTF
rankings.
43. When is the World Braille day celebrated every year?
[A] January 2
[B] January 3
[C] January 4
[D] January 5
Answer: January 4
The World Braille Day is celebrated across the world on the 4th day of January. The United Nations
General Assembly passed a resolution in November 2018, to announce January 4 as World Braille Day.
Following the proclamation, the day has been observed since 2019. According to the World Health
Organization, there are 36 million blind people and 216 million people with moderate to severe visual

impairment. Invented by Louis Braille, Braille is a representation of letters and number using six dots,
which could be interpreted by the visually impaired.
44. Raisina Dialogue is an annual multi-lateral conference organized by which Ministry?
[A] Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change
[B] Ministry of External Affairs
[C] Ministry of Finance
[D] Ministry of Corporate Affairs
Answer: Ministry of External Affairs
The Raisina Dialogue is an annual joint conference organized since 2016, by the Ministry of External
Affairs in association with the leading think-tank Observer Research Foundation (ORF). The conference
hosts various global leaders from all sectors to discuss the challenges faced by the global community.
The title of this year’s event is ‘Navigating the Alpha Century’ and will be held from January 14 to 16 in
New Delhi. The Australian Prime Minister who was expected to be the key speaker cancelled his
participation recently after severe bush fires in his country.
45. The first silk processing plant of the Khadi and Village Industries Commission (KVIC) is set up in which
state, to boost production of Patola sarees?
[A] Maharashtra
[B] Gujarat
[C] Rajasthan
[D] Madhya Pradesh
Answer: Gujarat
The Khadi and Village Industries Commission (KVIC) inaugurated their first silk processing plant at
Surendranagar district in Gujarat. The Patola is a trademark saree variety of Gujarat. It is regarded as a
royal attire as it is priced very high. The reason for high price is the non-availability of processing plants
in Gujarat. The silk yarn required to weave the saree is usually purchased from other states. This new
plant set up by KVIC would cut down the price of silk yarn and boost production of Patola sarees.
46. The Transport Department of which state recently launched a helpline for women called ‘Damini’?
[A] Uttar Pradesh
[B] Uttarakhand
[C] Maharashtra
[D] Rajasthan
Answer: Uttar Pradesh
The Uttar Pradesh State Road Transport Corporation (UPSRTC) launched a helpline for women called
‘Damini’, to improve the safety of women in public road transport. The helpline number subscribed for
this scheme is ‘81142-77777’, which will have both calling and Whatsapp service. The helpline will be
handled by women officers at the headquarters and zonal offices of UPSRTC, which will be operational
from 9 am to 6 pm daily. This scheme is launched as a part of the Central Government initiative of
‘Nirbhaya Scheme’.
47. Which is the first country to ban sun screens, that are toxic to coral reefs and sea life?
[A] Palau
[B] Philippines
[C] Taiwan
[D] Papua New Guinea
Answer: Palau

Palau, a small island nation in the West Pacific Ocean imposed a ban on sun screens that contain
chemicals affecting the coral reefs and other aquatic species. The step is also taken to conserve its
Rock Islands Southern Lagoon, which is a UNESCO World Heritage site. The sun cream with the toxic
chemicals including oxybenzone, will not be permitted to be used or sold in the country. Palau is a
famous destination among international tourists and is mainly acclaimed for its coral reefs.
48. Which Indian city hosts the All India Police Judo Cluster Championship 2019?
[A] Guwahati
[B] Cuttack
[C] New Delhi
[D] Goa
Answer: New Delhi
The Central Reserve Police Force organised the 4th edition of the All India Police Judo Cluster
Championship in New Delhi. The event will be held from January 4 to January 7, 2020. More than
thousand sportspersons across the country are participating in the tournament. The event was
inaugurated by the Minister of State for Home Affairs, Nityanand Rai. The previous edition of the
championship was organized by the Odisha Police.
49. The National Disaster Response Force (NDRF) Academy is to be established in which city?
[A] Mussoorie
[B] Dehradun
[C] Nagpur
[D] Hyderabad
Answer: Nagpur
The foundation of the National Disaster Response Force (NDRF) Academy was recently laid in Nagpur,
Maharashtra by the Union Home Minister Amit Shah. He also inaugurated a campus of the Nagpur based
National Fire Service College. The NDRF Academy, once completed will contain state-of-the-art
infrastructure to simulate disasters and provide training to the personnel in various rescue operations.
The National Disaster Response Force, a dedicated force for disaster response related operations was
constituted in the year 2006.
50. Ratna Ojha, who recently passed away was a theatre artist and activist of which state?
[A] Odisha
[B] Meghalaya
[C] Assam
[D] West Bengal
Answer: Assam
Veteran Theatre artist and Social Activist of Assam, Ratna Ojha passed away at Guwahati. He played an
instrumental role in reviving the theatre play movement of the state. He had also actively participated
and addressed demonstrations in several social issues of the country including those against
Citizenship amendment act. For his great contribution towards the theatre art, he was honoured with the
‘Natasurya Award’ by the Assam Government.
51. Who is the Director General of Aeronautical Systems in DRDO and is also known as Missile Woman of
India?
[A] Dr.Tessy Thomas
[B] Ritu Karidhal
[C] Muthiah Vanitha

[D] Anuradha T K
Answer: Dr.Tessy Thomas
The renowned Indian scientist and Director General of Aeronautical Systems, DRDO, Dr.Tessy Thomas
was the Chief Guest of the Women Science Congress, held at Bengaluru. It was a part of the ongoing
107th Indian Science Congress. Tessy Thomas was the first woman scientist to head a missile project in
India, when she was the Project Director of India’s Agni-IV missile.
52. Nankana Sahib Gurdwara, recently seen in news is situated in which country?
[A] India
[B] Pakistan
[C] Nepal
[D] Bhutan
Answer: Pakistan
The Nankana Sahib Gurdwara is a highly revered gurdwara located in the city of Nankana Sahib near
Lahore in Pakistan. The gurdwara is built at the place where the first Sikh Guru was believed to born and
preached Sikhism. It is also called as the Janam Asthan Gurdwara. It is seen in news recently as there
was a severe mob attack and vandalism in the Gurdwara.
53. Which famous Indian cricketer recently announced his retirement from all forms of cricket?
[A] Irfan Pathan
[B] Yusuf Pathan
[C] Bhuvanesh Kumar
[D] R Ashwin
Answer: Irfan Pathan
The ace Indian all-rounder and bowler famous for his swings, Irfan Pathan announced his retirement
from all forms of cricket recently. Irfan made his debut in 2003 when he was only 19 years old. In his
professional cricket career spanning 16 years, he made several records including the hat-trick wicket in
the first over of the test match. Irfan was also a part of the winning team of the 2007 T20 World cup.
54. Australia recently witnessed which disaster that killed many lives and caused huge destruction?
[A] Flood
[B] Cyclone
[C] Wild fires
[D] Tsunami
Answer: Wild fires
Australia recently witnessed severe wild fires that killed nearly 25 people and destroyed several homes
across the country. More than hundred bush fires were burning in New South Wales and they could not
be controlled. Several million animals are also reported to be killed by the severity of bush fires.
Scientists have cited Global warming to be the reason of this early and devastating wild fires.
55. Which state will have the country’s first rehabilitation centre for freshwater turtles?
[A] Madhya Pradesh
[B] Bihar
[C] Chhattisgarh
[D] Odisha
Answer: Bihar
India’s first rehabilitation centre for freshwater turtles will be inaugurated in the Bhagalpur forest
division of Bihar. The centre, which is to be open soon can accommodate 500 turtles at a time. The

forest division is near to the river Ganga, which makes it a perfect breeding area for freshwater turtles.
The turtles are abducted and hurt by smugglers will be rescued by the team of the rehabilitation centre
and will be provided proper treatment.
56. Which country received a line of credit (LOC) of $75 million from India, for installation of solar parks?
[A] Argentina
[B] Chile
[C] Cuba
[D] Brazil
Answer: Cuba
India has extended a line of credit (LOC) of $75 million through its Exim Bank to Cuba for financing solar
parks. An MoU was signed between the Export- Import Bank of India (Exim Bank) and the nominated
agency of Cuban Government, Banco Exterior De Cuba last year. Based on the agreement, the Exim bank
extends the finance, which is nearly Rs.500 Crores. With this credit, 75 MW Solar Parks are to be
installed in Cuba in the next five years.
57. Common Service Centre (CSC) recently partnered with which bank for sale of FASTags?
[A] Airtel Payment Bank
[B] Paytm Payment Bank
[C] State Bank of India
[D] Equitas Bank
Answer: Paytm Payment Bank
The Common Service Centre (CSC) recently signed a Memorandum of Understanding with the Paytm
Payment Bank Ltd (PPBL) for selling digital toll payment tags called FASTags. CSC will integrate its
platform with that of the bank to sell the PPBL FASTags. The digital tags are made mandatory to be
fixed in all vehicles from December last year. The Common Service Centres sell the FASTags through its
Village Level Entrepreneurs (VLEs). Earlier CSCs had integrated with State Bank of India, Equitas Bank
and HDFC Bank for sale of FASTags.
58. ArogyaSri Scheme, which is an initiative to provide free medical treatment to the poor, is the flagship
scheme of which state?
[A] Telengana
[B] Andhra Pradesh
[C] Kerala
[D] Tamil Nadu
Answer: Andhra Pradesh
ArogyaSri Scheme is the flagship scheme of Andhra Pradesh Government is an initiative to provide free
medical treatment to the poor. Named as Dr. YSR ArogyaSri scheme, the scheme is available to people
with annual income up to Rs. 5 Lakhs. The people will be given cards with QR codes and they can use it
for availing treatment above Rs.1000. Under the scheme, several super-speciality hospitals are to be
included in the network and various medicines are to be made available in the state government run
hospitals.
59. Which film won the ‘Best Motion picture- drama’ award in the Golden Globe awards 2020?
[A] Once Upon A Time in Hollywood
[B] 1917
[C] Missing Link
[D] Parasite

Answer: 1917
The movie titled ‘1917’ bagged the ‘Best Motion picture- drama’ in the recently released Golden Globe
awards 2020. The movie was released in December 2019 and was co-written and directed by Sam
Mendes, who also won the ‘Best Director’ award in the ceremony. The film is based on the World War I in
1917 and two British soldiers in the war. George MacKay and Dean-Charles Chapman featured in the film
in the lead roles.
60. Which famous actor won the ‘Best Actor in a Motion Picture – Drama’ award in the Golden Globe awards
2020?
[A] George MacKay
[B] Dean-Charles Chapman
[C] Joaquin Phoenix
[D] Brad Pitt
Answer: Joaquin Phoenix
For his commended performance in the movie ‘Joker’, American actor Joaquin Phoenix won the ‘Best
Actor in a Motion Picture – Drama’ award in the Golden Globe awards 2020. The Joker movie was
nominated in four categories in the ceremony and won two awards namely Best Actor (Drama) and Best
Original Score. Joker is a psychological thriller film which was directed by Todd Philips. The movie was
released in October 2019 and created records by collecting revenues in box offices world-wide.
61. Which middle East country recently announced multiple-entry tourist visas to people of all countries?
[A] Singapore
[B] France
[C] United Arab Emirates
[D] Spain
Answer: United Arab Emirates
With an objective to improve its tourism sector, the United Arab Emirates (UAE) recently announced
multiple-entry tourist visas to people of all countries.
The UAE cabinet recently approved the amendment for tourist visas, which will be valid for five years
from the date of issue and can be used for multiple entries into the country. Being the favourite tourist
destination of many nationals, the country attracts more than 20 million tourists in a year.
62. The Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) which recently discovered a new habitable exoplanet,
belongs to which space agency?
[A] Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO)
[B] National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)
[C] Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA)
[D] China National Space Administration (CNSA)
Answer: National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)
The planet finder satellite of NASA, named the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) recently
discovered a new exoplanet in the habitable region of its host star.
The newly found exoplanet, known as ‘TOI 700 d’ has approximately the same size of the Earth. The
Space Scientists of NASA also announced that the exoplanet is only 101.5 light years from the earth,
making it easy for further observations and research.
63. A one-horned rhinoceros calf was recently born at the Manas National Park. The National park is
situated in which state?
[A] Arunachal Pradesh

[B] Assam
[C] Sikkim
[D] Himachal Pradesh
Answer: Assam
The Manas National Park is a UNESCO World Heritage site and a biosphere reserve is situated in Assam.
Recently a one-horned rhinoceros of the national park named R3A gave birth to its calf. The R3A was
also born in the same park to the elder rhino ‘Laisri’ in 2013.
The One-horned rhinoceros or the Indian rhinoceros is an endangered species and is listed as
‘Vulnerable’ in the IUCN Red list of threatened species. At present, the national park is home to 42
rhinos.
64. Daniele De Rossi, who announced his retirement recently, is a world-cup winning footballer of which
country?
[A] Brazil
[B] Italy
[C] Germany
[D] France
Answer: Italy
The ace footballer of the Italy team, Daniele De Rossi recently announced his retirement from
professional football. He was associated with the Roma football club and played Serie A league
matches for nearly 18 years.
Daniele represented Italy in the 2004 Olympics and he was also a part of the FIFA world cup winning Italy
team in 2006. The fourth highest capped player of Italy, retired from the national team in 2017. Recently,
he was playing for Argentina’s Boca Juniors club.
65. Hyundai partnered with which ride-sharing company to develop electric air taxis?
[A] Didi
[B] Uber
[C] Lyft
[D] Grab
Answer: Uber
Automobile Major Hyundai recently unveiled an air electric taxi, developed in collaboration with Uber, in
the Consumer Electronics Show 2020.
According to their partnership, Hyundai will develop and deploy vehicles and Uber will provide support
service, ground transport connection and customer Interface. Uber is to launch urban commercial flights
by 2023 and Hyundai is its first carmaker partner in the project.
66. The second phase of Intensified Mission Indradhanush 2.0 began recently. What is the scheme
associated with?
[A] Merger of Banks
[B] Universal Vaccination
[C] Defence Procurement
[D] Space Mission
Answer: Universal Vaccination
Mission Indradhanush is a Universal Vaccination Programme launched by the Ministry of Health and
Family welfare in 2014. The Intensified Intensified Mission Indradhanush 2.0 is carried out from
December 2019 to March 2020.

Under the Indradhanush scheme, unvaccinated or partially vaccinated children and pregnant women are
vaccinated. The target fixed for the scheme is 2020. Recently the Ministry launched IMI 2.0 portal to
record the target and real time data of the campaign.
67. Which Indian Grandmaster won the title in the Hastings International Chess Congress?
[A] Pendyala Harikrishna
[B] Sasikiran Krishnan
[C] P Magesh Chandran
[D] Abhijeet Gupta
Answer: P Magesh Chandran
Indian Grandmaster, P Magesh Chandran who presently lives in the USA, won the prestigious title of the
Hastings International Chess Congress. The tournament was held in Hastings, England.
He completed the game with 7.5 points and remained unbeaten in all rounds. The 36-year-old chess
player became the Grand master in 2006. With 6 points each, other Indian players Deep Sengupta and
Swayam Mishra were placed in the 13th and 14th ranks respectively.
68. Which public sector bank has approved a financial assistance to the Women Entrepreneurs Welfare
Association (WEWA), Tamil Nadu?
[A] State Bank of India
[B] Canara Bank
[C] Indian Bank
[D] Bank of India
Answer: Indian Bank
Tamil Nadu based leading Public sector bank, Indian Bank recently signed an MoU with the Women
Entrepreneurs Welfare Association (WEWA), Tamil Nadu. By this partnership, Indian bank will provide
financial assistance and training to the members of the association for starting their business.
The entrepreneurs will also be provided credit facilities with discounted rates. The members of WEWA
will be trained in INDSETIs (Indian Bank Self-Employment Training Institutes) of Indian Bank society.
69. Which is the first Urban Cooperative Bank (UCB), that is approved to convert into a Small Finance Bank?
[A] Bharat Cooperative Bank
[B] Shivalik Mercantile Cooperative Bank
[C] Punjab And Maharashtra Cooperative Bank
[D] Bombay Mercantile Cooperative Bank
Answer: Shivalik Mercantile Cooperative Bank
The Reserve Bank of India has recently granted ‘in-principle’ approval to Shivalik Mercantile Cooperative
Bank, to convert into a Small Finance Bank (SFB). It is the first Urban Cooperative Bank (UCB) to be
granted such permission after the announcement of RBI in September 2018, about voluntary conversion
of UCBs into Small Finance Banks.
The bank should comply with the requirements of an SFB such as minimum net worth and Capital to risk
ratio, as stipulated by the RBI within 18 months of the in-principle approval.
70. ‘Jal- Jiwan- Hariyali mission’ is a flagship climate change initiative of which state?
[A] Odisha
[B] Chhattisgarh
[C] Bihar
[D] Andhra Pradesh
Answer: Bihar

The Chief Minister of Bihar launched the climate change initiative called ‘Jal- Jiwan- Hariyali’ scheme in
the state recently. Under the scheme, various awareness programs about climate change and
importance of water conservation are conducted across the state.
The Chief Minister, Nithish Kumar recently launched schemes worth more than Rs.700 Crores in the
‘Jagruta Sammelan’, organised as a part of the ‘Jal-Jiwan-Hariyali’ mission. The state has also planned
to organise a human chain movement across the state for spreading awareness on climate change.
71. Which Indian cricketer is selected for the ‘C K Nayudu Lifetime Achievement Award’ of BCCI?
[A] Kapil Dev
[B] K Srikkanth
[C] Sunil Gavaskar
[D] Dilip Vengsarkar
Answer: K Srikkanth
Former Indian Cricketer Krishnamachari Srikkanth is selected for the prestigious ‘C K Nayudu Lifetime
Achievement Award’, presented by the National Cricket Board of India, BCCI. The famous cricketer from
Tamil Nadu represented India from 1981 to 1992.
The other cricketer who is also to be presented with the award is Anjum Chopra, former Captain of
Indian women’s cricket team. The awards will be presented at the BCCI Annual awards function, to be
held in Mumbai, on January 12, 2020.
72. What is the name of the mandatory standard individual health insurance policy launched by IRDAI?
[A] Arogya Raksha
[B] Arogya Suraksha
[C] Arogya Sanjeevani
[D] Arogya Samriddhi
Answer: Arogya Sanjeevani
The Insurance Regulatory and Development Authority of India (IRDAI) recently directed the health and
general insurance companies to offer a standard individual health insurance policy. The policy is named
as ‘Arogya Sanjeevani policy’.
It will cover minimum health requirements of the insurers and would be offered from April 1, 2020. IRDAI
also stipulated that there will be no exit age for the scheme, so that the insurance will be continued till
the person’s last breath. The minimum and maximum age limit to enroll are 18 years and 65 years
respectively. The sum assured will be between Rs.1 Lakh and Rs. 5 Lakhs.
73. Which state government has started a project to save paper by using digital medium for administrative
work?
[A] Odisha
[B] Kerala
[C] West Bengal
[D] Telengana
Answer: West Bengal
The State Government of West Bengal has started an environmental-friendly project to save paper. It has
also decided to use digital medium for most administrative works. The State Secretariat,Nabanna
already follows the method, which will be extended to other districts as well.
The government also proposed to recycle the paper used for administrative purpose, by converting them
into writing pads and reusing them. The process is to be continuously monitored by the state
secretariat.

74. Which city will play host to the 2022 Common Wealth Games?
[A] London
[B] New Delhi
[C] Birmingham
[D] Gold Coast
Answer: Birmingham
The international sports event for the members of the Common wealth, the Commonwealth Games of
2022 will be conducted in the city of Birmingham, England. England plays host to the event for the third
time. The prestigious event is scheduled to take place between July 27 and August 7, 2020.
Recently, Commonwealth Games India (CGI) submitted its proposal to host a Commonwealth shooting
event and an archery event in India during 2022. But the federation is yet to announce that if the medals
won in the proposed Shooting Championship will be added to the final CWG tally of the countries.
75. Scientists recently discovered dwarf galaxies with massive black holes using Very Large Array (VLA)
observatory. Where is the observatory situated?
[A] Japan
[B] China
[C] U.S.A
[D] Russia
Answer: U.S.A
According to the recent study published in ‘Astrophysical Journal’, Scientists have discovered thirteen
huge black holes in some dwarf galaxies. The galaxies are found to be located several light years from
the earth and in half of the galaxies, the black holes are not in the centre of the galaxies.
The high-resolution images of the galaxies with black holes were captured using the Very Large Array
(VLA) observatory. It is a radio telescope observatory, which is situated in New Mexico, U.S.A. VLA was
set up by the National Radio Astronomy Observatory.
76. A devastating earthquake hit Puerto Rico recently. Which is the capital city of Puerto-Rico?
[A] Santo Domingo
[B] San Juan
[C] Kingston
[D] Havana
Answer: San Juan
The Government of Puerto Rico recently declared a state of emergency, after it was hit by a deadly
earthquake. The 6.4 magnitude quake was the strongest and the most devastating earthquake, the
country has ever had for hundred years.
Puerto Rico is a group of islands located in the Caribbean Sea. It is one of the unincorporated territories
of the United States. The capital city and the largest city of the country is San Juan.
77. The ‘National Traders convention’ was held in which Indian city recently?
[A] Mumbai
[B] Lucknow
[C] New Delhi
[D] Varanasi
Answer: New Delhi
The National Traders Convention was recently inaugurated by the Defence Minister Rajnath Singh in New
Delhi. The three-day event is organised by the Confederation of All India Traders (CAIT) and it will

highlight the issues faced by the traders.
On the second day, The Union Finance Minister participated in the event and addressed the traders. She
assured that the Goods and Service Tax (GST) would be further simplified. Recently Government
constituted a committee under the Revenue Secretary for rationalising the GST tax structure.
78. The Reserve Bank of India has recently revised the ‘Supervisory Action Framework’ of which category of
banks?
[A] Public Sector Banks
[B] Private Sector Banks
[C] Foreign Banks
[D] Urban Cooperative Banks
Answer: Urban Cooperative Banks
India’s Central bank, the Reserve Bank of India recently released various stipulations for the Urban
Cooperative Banks (UCB). A UCB shall be placed in the Supervisory Action Framework upon certain
conditions announced by the RBI, which include Net NPA exceeding 6% and CRAR ratio falling below 9%.
Depending on the financial stress, the lending powers of the UCBs may also be cut short.
The Reserve Bank has made this announcement at the backdrop of the Punjab and Maharashtra
Cooperative Bank scam. The new norms would provide faster resolution to the bad assets of UCBs.
79. What is the name of the new relay satellite series, to be launched by the Indian Space Research
Organisation (ISRO)?
[A] Indian Relay Navigation Satellite System (IRNSS)
[B] Indian Data Relay Satellite System (IDRSS)
[C] Indian Relay Satellite System (IRSS)
[D] Indian Relay Tracking System (IRTS)
Answer: Indian Data Relay Satellite System (IDRSS)
The Chairman of the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) recently announced that indigenous
relay satellite series called the Indian Data Relay Satellite System (IDRSS) will be launched soon .
The IDRSS is a set of relay satellites that will continuously track the Indian satellites and exchange
information with them. The first of the two proposed satellites will be launched by the end of 2020,
before the unmanned space flight to be conducted preceding the Gaganyaan Mission. Such crucial
missions can be continuously monitored by the new relay satellite series.
80. The Farmers’ Innovation Fund, which was seen in news, is proposed to be set up by which organisation?
[A] World Food Programme
[B] Food and Agricultural Organisation
[C] National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development
[D] Indian Council of Agricultural Research
Answer: Indian Council of Agricultural Research
The Director General of Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR) recently announced that the
‘Farmers’ Innovation Fund’ would be set by next financial year. The announcement was made during the
Farmers’ Science Congress, the first of its kind event, organised as a part of the National Science
Congress.
He announced that an innovation centre would be established in New Delhi, which would assist the
farmers in their research and would authenticate the innovations of the farmers. At present, the Krishi
Vigyan Kendras record the innovations of farmers.
81. Recently, Supreme Court of India has asked the centre to consider deployment of which force to guard

various courts of India?
[A] Central Reserve Police Force (CRPF)
[B] Central Industrial Security Force (CISF)
[C] National Security Guard (NSG)
[D] Indian Army
Answer: Central Industrial Security Force (CISF)
Supreme Court recently asked the Centre to consider the deployment of the Central Industrial Security
Force (CISF) to guard the various courts in India — taking over the job of securing the courts from the
local police forces.
82. On 9th January 2020, birth anniversary of Har Gobind Khorana was observed. He won Nobel Prize in
Physiology in which year?
[A] 1965
[B] 1968
[C] 1972
[D] 1979
Answer: 1968
Khurana shared the 1968 Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine with Marshall W. Nirenberg and Robert
W. Holley for research that showed the order of nucleotides in nucleic acids, which carry the genetic
code of the cell and control the cell’s synthesis of proteins. In 1972, he also created the first ever
artificial gene.
83. Which airline is currently headed by Ashwani Lohani?
[A] Indigo
[B] Spicejet
[C] Air India
[D] Vistara
Answer: Air India
Current Ashwini Lohani heads Air India. It began operations in 1932 with a single-engine, de Havilland
Puss Moth monoplane. In 1962, it became the world’s first airline to boast an all-jet fleet. Last October,
it also became the world’s first airline to use a Taxibot on an A320 aircraft with passengers onboard.
Recently, Group of Ministers (GoM) of the central government have approved the proposal to divest
stake in the national carrier. Led by Union Home Minister Amit Shah, the GoM met on Tuesday and
approved all proposals on debt transfer from Air India to a special purpose vehicle. The Expression of
Interest (EoI) and the share purchase agreement would be issued in January 2020.
84. What is India’s projected growth rate as per first advance estimates of gross domestic product (GDP)
growth for 2019-20?
[A] 5%
[B] 5.5%
[C] 6%
[D] 6.5%
Answer: 5%
In first week of January, 2020 the government has released the first advance estimates of gross
domestic product (GDP) growth for 2019-20. The economy will grow at 5% this year, a massive
downgrade from the 7% projected by the Economic Survey last year and much lower than the 6.8%
growth in the previous year.

85. According to the India Meteorological Department’s (IMD’s) Statement on Climate of India During 2019
report, Arabian Sea on India’s west coast saw a 400% rise in cyclones, a record that is repeated only after
1902. Which five cyclones hit Arabian Sea in 2019?
[A] Vayu, Pabuk, Kyarr, Bulbul and Pavan
[B] Vayu, Pabuk, Kyarr, Bulbul and Fani
[C] Pabuk,Vayu, Kyarr, Bulbul and Fani
[D] Vayu, Hikka, Kyarr, Maha and Pavan
Answer: Vayu, Hikka, Kyarr, Maha and Pavan
According to the India Meteorological Department’s (IMD’s) Statement on Climate of India During 2019
report, the number of cyclones in the Arabian Sea was 400% higher than normal frequency because five
out of eight cyclones affected Arabian Sea. These give cyclones were Vayu, Hikka, Kyarr, Maha and
Pavan. This after the sea on India’s west coast normally undergoes only one cyclone annually — read a
400% rise. (India normally has five cyclones in total every year.) However, the Bay of Bengal — usually
the more cyclone-prone coast of India — was relatively subdued in 2019 with three (Pabuk, Fani, Bulbul)
instead of four cyclones that occur there annually on an average.
86. Election Commission recently declared February 8, 2020 as date of assembly elections in Delhi. What is
the total number of seats in Delhi Legislative Assembly?
[A] 65
[B] 67
[C] 70
[D] 72
Answer: 70
About 1.46 crore voters (80.55 lakh males + 66.35 lakh females) will have a chance to vote in the Delhi
assembly elections on February 8. The results will be declared on February 11. Delhi Legislative
Assembly has 70 seats of which 67 seats were won by AAP in last elections.
87. The North East Natural Gas Pipeline Grid is being implemented by a joint venture of five Indian Central
Public Sector Undertakings. What is the name of this joint venture firm?
[A] North-East Gas Grid Corporation (NEGGC)
[B] Indian Gas Grid Company (IGGC)
[C] Indradhanush Gas Grid Limited (IGGL)
[D] BharadGrid Limited (BL)
Answer: Indradhanush Gas Grid Limited (IGGL)
North East Gas Grid project is being implemented by IGGL, a Joint Venture company of five CPSEs (GAIL,
IOCL, ONGC, OIL and NRL). The total length of the pipeline is planned to be 1,656 km and will be built at
estimated cost of Rs. 9,265 crore (Including interest during construction). It will cover eight states of the
North-Eastern region i.e., Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Manipur, MeghMizoram, Nagaland, Sikkim and
Tripura.
88. The recently approved Mineral Laws (Amendment) Ordinance 2020 has done away with so called
captive end-use criteria of which mineral / natural resource?
[A] Coal
[B] Gas Hydrates
[C] Natural Gas
[D] Crude Oil
Answer: Coal

On January 8, 2020, Union Cabinet has approved promulgation of Mineral Laws (Amendment) Ordinance
2020. The Ordinance will amend Mines and Minerals (Development and Regulation ) Act 1957 and Coal
Mines (Special Provisions) Act 2015. The Ordinance will ease rules for auctioning of coal mines and to
open up to all sectors. Government has also done away with end-use restrictions of the coal mining
blocks.
89. For how many times, India has emerged as winner in the Malaysia Masters badminton tournament since
it began in 2009?
[A] One
[B] Two
[C] Three
[D] Four
Answer: Three
India has emerged winner in the Malaysia Masters badminton tournament for three times since it began
in 2009. P.V. Sindhu won it in 2013 and 2016, and Saina Nehwal in 2017. This year, B. Sai Praneeth has
been already knocked out.
90. Recently, the Government of India has issued revised guidelines for mutual legal assistance in criminal
matters with other nations. At present (January, 2020) India has Mutual Legal Assistance Treaties with how
many countries?
[A] 32
[B] 40
[C] 42
[D] 48
Answer: 42
India has Mutual Legal Assistance Treaties with 42 countries and is signatory to various International
Conventions for cooperation in criminal matters. The Home Ministry is the designated central authority
for this. The recently revised guidelines have incorporated various legal and technological developments
in recent years and aim to make documentation more compliant with international requirements. The
revised guidelines provide step-by-step guidance to the investigation agencies for drafting and
processing letters rogatory or mutual legal assistance requests and service of summons, notices and
other judicial documents. The guidelines have taken into account the concerns raised by various courts
for prompt and timely responses in service of documents to person residing abroad. These revised
guidelines have provision for service of documents to authorities of foreign country preferably within ten
days of receipt of request in respect of offences committed against women and children.
91. Which state is set to conduct a dedicated state-level Adalat for LGBT community?
[A] Telengana
[B] Maharashtra
[C] Kerala
[D] Gujarat
Answer: Kerala
For the first time in the state, the Kerala State Youth Commission has announced that it would conduct a
state-level Adalat for LGBT community. The programme would be held at the state capital,
Thiruvananthapuram.
The main objective of the Adalat is to encourage the transgender community to come out with their
grievances and to make arrangements for redressal of the issues. The Government of Kerala had

introduced a Transgender policy in 2015 and it has a dedicated ‘Transgender Cell’ working under the
state’s Social Justice Department.
92. The Union External Affairs Minister recently launched a book titled ‘PAX SINICA: Implications for the
Indian Dawn’. Who is the author of the book?
[A] Samir Saran
[B] Samrat Upadhyay
[C] Sharad Rathore
[D] Sumit Agarwal
Answer: Samir Saran
The Union External Affairs Minister S. Jai Shankar recently launched the book titled ‘PAX SINICA:
Implications for the Indian Dawn’ authored by Dr. Samir Saran. The book was co-authored by Akhil Deo.
The book highlights the steps of China during the presidency of Xi Jinping and the key policy measures
of China.
Dr Samir Saran is the President of the renowned Asian think tank, Observer Research Foundation. He is
also a member of the World Economic Forum’s South Asia advisory board.
93. Which city is set to host the international naval event ‘MILAN’ in March 2020?
[A] Goa
[B] Vishakhapatnam
[C] Cochin
[D] Mumbai
Answer: Vishakhapatnam
MILAN is a multilateral naval exercise, which is scheduled to be held at Vishakhapatnam in March 2020.
The event was previously planned at Andaman and Nicobar Islands and then has been changed to
Vishakhapatnam as navies from many countries are participating in the event.
Nearly 30 international navies have confirmed their participation in the event. The theme of the exercise
is “Synergy Across the Seas”. This event would help the navies to have professional discussions and
learn the best practices in the naval arena across the world.
94. Manmad and Bhusawal railway stations, where AI based Facial Recognition technology was recently
installed, belong to which state?
[A] Madhya Pradesh
[B] Maharashtra
[C] Karnataka
[D] Gujarat
Answer: Maharashtra
The Indian Railways has installed Artificial Intelligence based Facial Recognition Technology in Manmad
and Bhusawal stations of Maharashtra and Bengaluru station of Karnataka. The PSU under the Railway
Ministry, RailTel carries out the project to provide Video Surveillance System with facial recognition and
video analytics.
The Railway Protection Force (RPF) will subsequently link the output of this facial recognition system
with their existing criminal database, so that identification of criminals at the Railway station would be
made easier.
95. The highest railway bridge in the world is to be constructed in which state/ UT?
[A] Himachal Pradesh
[B] Uttarakhand

[C] Sikkim
[D] Jammu and Kashmir
Answer: Jammu and Kashmir
As a part of the major Udhampur- Srinagar-Baramulla rail link project, which would connect the Kashmir
valley with the Indian Railway network, a new railway bridge is to be constructed connecting Bakkal and
Kauri. This bridge in the newly formed Union Territory of Jammu and Kashmir will be the world’s highest
railway bridge. The project is expected to be completed by December 2021.
The proposed bridge will be 1.315 km long and will be built 359 m above the river bed. Presently, the
highest railway bridge in the world is the Beipan river Shuibai railway bridge of China.
96. Vishwa Hindi Diwas / World Hindi Day is celebrated every year on which date?
[A] January 8
[B] January 9
[C] January 10
[D] January 11
Answer: January 10
Vishva Hindi Divas or World Hindi day is celebrated every year on January 10. The day is celebrate to
commemorate the First World Hindi Conference, which was held from January 10 to January 12, 1975, at
Nagpur.The first Hindi Conference was inaugurated by the then Prime Minister of India, Indira Gandhi.
Subsequent conferences were held in various countries including the USA, South Africa, UK, Mauritius.
The first World Hindi day was observed on January 10, 2006. The Day aims to promote Hindi language
around the world.
97. Who has been recently chosen for “Muppavarapu Venkaiah Naidu National Award for Excellence”?
[A] K Sivan
[B] MS Swaminathan
[C] Azim H Premji
[D] Dutee Chand
Answer: MS Swaminathan
The Father of Green Revolution Dr M S Swaminathan is chosen as the recipient of ‘Muppavarapu
Venkaiah Naidu National Award for Excellence’. This award is instituted by the Muppavarapu Foundation
based at Hyderabad. Eminent Agricultural Scientist and plant geneticist, M.S. Swaminathan is awarded
for his contributions towards the field of agriculture.
This award was presented during the 10th Anniversary Celebrations of Muppavarapu Foundation in
Hyderabad by the Vice President of India, Venkiah Naidu.
98. Which State has recently adopted a new Logo for its Legislative Assembly, which consists of Foxtail
Orchid?
[A] Assam
[B] Himachal Pradesh
[C] Arunachal Pradesh
[D] Mizoram
Answer: Arunachal Pradesh
Arunachal Pradesh has adopted a new logo for its Legislative Assembly (APLA) recently. The new logo
reflects the distinct identity and culture of the state. The Speaker of the Legislative Assembly PD Sona
had circulated pictures of the new logo among the members of the house.
The new logo consists of the national emblem and the state flower of Arunachal Pradesh, foxtail orchid.

The existing logo has been amended to create the blue colour-based logo.
99. A cluster of institutions in which state’s Ayurveda University is to get the status of “Institutes of
National Importance”?
[A] Tamil Nadu
[B] Kerala
[C] Gujarat
[D] Sikkim
Answer: Gujarat
Union Cabinet has approved to confer the status of “Institution of National Importance” to a cluster of
Ayurvedic institutions in Gujarat State’s Ayurved University campus in Jamnagar. This elevation of the
status would provide it with the autonomy to upgrade the Ayurveda education standards and frame new
courses in Ayurveda as per national and international requirements.
This decision is also expected to boost tertiary care in India and reduce government expenditure on
health as Ayurveda is cost-effective. A bill to give effect to this approval will be introduced in the
forthcoming Session of Parliament.
100. What is India’s GDP growth rate for the FY20, as estimated by the World Bank?
[A] 6%
[B] 5.8%
[C] 5.6%
[D] 5.4%
Answer: 5.8%
The World Bank has recently released its ‘January 2020 Global Economic Prospects report’. The GDP
growth of India for FY20 is estimated to be 5%. The GDP growth for the year 2021-22 is also lowered to
5.8% in the report.
The credit instability of the weak Non-Banking Finance Companies (NBFCs) is cited to be the reason for
the downgrade. Recently the Reserve Bank of India and the Central Statistical Office of the country also
lowered the growth rate to 5% for this fiscal year.
101. The Union Home Minister Amit Shah recently released a book titled ‘Karmayoddha Granth’ on the life of
which Indian political leader?
[A] Atal Bihari Vajpayee
[B] Narendra Modi
[C] L K Advani
[D] Arun Jaitley
Answer: Narendra Modi
The Union Minister for Home Affairs, Amit Shah recently released a book titled ‘Karmayoddha Granth’.
The book is based on the life of the present Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi. During the book
releasing event, Amit Shah hailed Modi for successfully transforming the Gujarat BJP organisation and
his leadership qualities as the Indian Prime Minister.
Narendra Modi is the 14th and the incumbent Prime Minister of India since 2014. Prior to that he was
the Chief Minister of Gujarat since 2001.
102. Which Union Ministry is set to launch a program for development of eastern states called ‘Purvodaya’?
[A] Ministry of Road Transport and Highways
[B] Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare
[C] Ministry of Development of North Eastern Region

[D] Ministry of Steel
Answer: Ministry of Steel
The Union Ministry of Steel is to launch a program called ‘Purvodaya-Accelerated Development of
Eastern Region through an Integrated Steel hub’. The Union Minister for Steel and Petroleum & Natural
Gas, Dharmendra Pradhan will launch the program.
The Eastern states of India such as Odisha, Jharkhand, Chhattisgarh, West Bengal and Northern Andhra
Pradesh possess a huge share of reserves but lag in development. This proposed Integrated Steel Hub
in the Eastern region would lead to an inclusive socio-economic development in the region.
103. Ministry of Youth Affairs and Sports is to organise the 23rd National Youth Festival in Lucknow. It is
celebrated to commemorate the birthday of which famous personality?
[A] A P J Abdul Kalam
[B] Swami Vivekananda
[C] B R Ambedkar
[D] Bhagat Singh
Answer: Swami Vivekananda
The 23rd National Youth Festival is to be organised by the Ministry of Youth Affairs and Sports in
Lucknow from January 12 to 16, 2020, in association with the Uttar Pradesh Government. The festival is
celebrated to commemorate the birth anniversary of Swami Vivekananda.
Every year, the birthday of the famous Indian monk from Kolkata, Swami Vivekananda is celebrated as
the National Youth day on January 12 and the week commencing from the day as the National Youth
week. During the youth festival, several competitions are held for the youth and National Youth awards
are also presented.
104. The first in-depth review of India’s energy policies was recently released by which international
organisation?
[A] World Energy Council
[B] International Energy Agency
[C] Organisation of Petroleum Exporting Countries
[D] International Renewable Energy Agency
Answer: International Energy Agency
The International Energy Agency (IEA) recently released the first in-depth review of India’s energy
policies in collaboration with the Indian think tank NITI Aayog. The report was launched at the Head
Quarters of NITI Aayog, New Delhi.
India was made as the association member of the Paris-based global energy organisation, International
Energy Agency (IEA) on March 2017 and this is the first review after that. The report highlighted the
growth of renewable energy sector in India, which is nearly 23% of the country’s total installed capacity
now.
105. Which state government recently announced to prepare special text-books for children with learning
disabilities?
[A] Andhra Pradesh
[B] Madhya Pradesh
[C] Uttar Pradesh
[D] Odisha
The State Government of Uttar Pradesh recently announced that special text-books would be prepared

for the children of the state, who have learning disabilities.
The children with intellectual disabilities due to disorders such as Down syndrome, Attention deficit
disorder (ADD), Autism and Dyslexia will be enrolled in the primary and secondary schools run by the
state. Textbooks for classes 1 to 5 on the subjects of English, Hindi and Mathematics are being
designed.
106. The freedom of speech and freedom to carry on a business through internet is covered under which
article of Indian constitution?
[A] Article 17
[B] Article 18
[C] Article 19
[D] Article 20
Answer: Article 19
The article 19 (1) (a) confers the right to freedom of speech and expression while the sub clause (g) of
the article provides the right to practise any profession, or to carry on any occupation, trade or business.
Recently the Supreme Court of India declared that freedom of speech and expression and freedom to
carry on a business through Internet also enjoys constitutional protection under the Article 19(1)(a) and
19(1)(g). This landmark judgement came at the backdrop of the five-month restriction on Internet
imposed in the Jammu and Kashmir UT.
107. The report titled ‘National Strategy for Financial Inclusion’ was recently released by which
organisation?
[A] Reserve Bank of India
[B] Insurance Regulatory and Development Authority of India
[C] National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development
[D] Securities and Exchange Board of India
Answer: Reserve Bank of India
The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) recently released a report titled ‘National Strategy for Financial
Inclusion’.
The report suggested that along with formal banking outlets, payment banks, small finance banks,
cooperative banks and non-banking units like fair price shops should also practice digital banking. The
Regulator directed the banks to increase the outlets in all villages and hilly areas by March 2020. The
report also suggested to make the Public Credit Registry (PCR) fully functional by 2022.
108. Which state is the worst place for women’s security, according to the recent National Crime Records
Bureau (NRCB) report?
[A] Uttar Pradesh
[B] West Bengal
[C] Bihar
[D] Jharkhand
The edition of ‘Crime in India’ statistics for the year 2018 was released by the National Crime Records
Bureau (NCRB). As per the report Uttar Pradesh is the worst place for women’s security with the most
crimes against women at 59445.
Madhya Pradesh recorded the highest number of rape cases in the year and West Bengal registered the
highest number of acid attack cases. The report also said that Crime in India has increased by 1.3% in
2018 compared to that of 2017. The overall number of crime against women has also steadily increased

in the last 3 years.
109. Who has been recently named as the new ruler/sultan of Oman?
[A] Qasem Soleimani
[B] Qaboos bin Said al Said
[C] Haitham bin Tariq
[D] Mahjoob Zweiri
Answer: Haitham bin Tariq
The ruler of Oman and one of the longest serving rulers in the Middle East countries, Sultan Qaboos bin
Said al Said recently passed away. He was not keeping well for a long time and was undergoing medical
treatment in Belgium last month.
After his demise, the former culture minister of Oman, Haitham bin Tariq was named as the successor of
Sultan Qaboos. It is mandatory to name the successor of the vacant throne within three days, as per the
constitution of Oman.
110. The Biennial Global Pulses Conference named ‘The Pulses Conclave 2020’ is to be held in which state?
[A] Tamil Nadu
[B] Kerala
[C] Karnataka
[D] Maharashtra
Answer: Maharashtra
The apex body of India’s pulses and grains industry and trade, India Pulses and Grains Association
(IPGA) will organise the 5th edition of the biennial global pulses conference, called ‘The Pulses Conclave
2020’ from February 12 to 14, 2020 at Lonavala, Pune in Maharashtra.The Association is based at
Mumbai.
More than a thousand participants across the world are expected to attend the conference. This would
help the people from pulses-producing nation to explore business opportunities in the field.
111. Which city plays host to the annual ‘World Future Energy Summit’ of the year 2020?
[A] Abu Dhabi
[B] Riyadh
[C] Dubai
[D] Sharjah
Answer: Abu Dhabi
The World Future Energy Summit recently began in Abu Dhabi. The summit is the largest future energy
and sustainability event of the Middle East Region, which is held annually at the National Exhibition
Centre of Abu Dhabi.
The theme for the 2020 edition of the summit is “Rethinking Global Consumption, Production, and
Investment”. The event is to be held for four days and several thousand participants and exhibitors from
across the world are expected to take part in it. The Climate Innovations Exchange and the Future
Sustainability Summit are also organised along with this event.
112. Union Minister Smriti Irani recently launched a welfare scheme named ‘Yashaswini’ from Goa. What
does the scheme aim at?
[A] Vaccination to Children
[B] Assistance to women Self Help Groups
[C] Cleaning of Beaches
[D] Assistance to schools

Answer: Assistance to women Self Help Groups
Union Minister for Women and Child Development and Textiles, Smriti Irani recently launched a scheme
named ‘Yashaswini’ from Goa. It is a women empowerment scheme, which aims at supporting women
Self Help Groups (SHGs) with interest free loans up to ₹5 lakh. The scheme will also help them to get
guidance from experts.
During the event, the Minister also launched Swasthya Sakhi Project and a mobile breast cancer
screening initiative, which will be carried out by Anganwadi workers to screen all women of Goa for
breast cancer.
113. Which state has recently started an awareness campaign for farmers to protect their sugarcane crop
from locust?
[A] Gujarat
[B] Rajasthan
[C] Uttar Pradesh
[D] Bihar
The Department of Cane Development of the state government of Uttar Pradesh has recently started an
awareness campaign for the farmers to protect their sugarcane crop from locusts.
During the month end of December 2019, a huge swarm of locusts destroyed more than 25000 hectares
of crop lands in Gujarat and Rajasthan. Several thousand litres of pesticides were used by the state
governments to kill the locusts. Gujarat recently announced Rs.18500 per hectare as relief assistance
for the affected farmers.
114. An international Film Festival with the theme of ‘Better Film, Better Audience and Better Society’, was
recently inaugurated in which city?
[A] Tokyo
[B] Dubai
[C] Dhaka
[D] Colombo
Answer: Dhaka
The 18th edition of the famous Dhaka International Film Festival was recently inaugurated at Dhaka, the
capital city of Bangladesh. The festival will be organised from January 11 to 19, 2020 with the theme of
‘Better Film, Better Audience and Better Society’.
During the eight-day-long festival, which is to be held at various venues in Dhaka, more than 200 films
from 74 countries are to be screened. A conference on the theme of ‘Women in cinema’ will also be
conducted during the film festival.
115. Who will participate in the interaction program with students named ‘Pariksha Pe Charcha’ scheduled
for the year 2020?
[A] Venkiah Naidu
[B] Narendra Modi
[C] Ramesh Pokriyal Nishank
[D] K Sivan
Answer: Narendra Modi
The Prime Minister of India Narendra Modi will participate in the interaction program with students
named ‘Pariksha Pe Charcha’ scheduled for the year 2020. The event is to be organised at Talkatora

Stadium in New Delhi on January 20.
The Human Resources and Development Ministry recently asked for suggestions and questions from
students, teachers and parents ahead of the grand event. This is the third edition of the event, where the
Prime Minister will meet thousands of students and address them about overcoming examination fear.
116. The Workshop and exhibition on “Bamboo- A wonder grass” was recently held in which state/ UT?
[A] Assam
[B] Meghalaya
[C] Jammu and Kashmir
[D] Arunachal Pradesh
Answer: Jammu and Kashmir
A two-day workshop and exhibition was recently organised in the Union Territory of Jammu and Kashmir
on “Bamboo- A wonder grass”. The workshop focussed on the growth of Bamboo industry in Jammu &
Kashmir along the lines of North Eastern Region.
The event was organised by the Ministry of Development of North Eastern Region and the Government of
Jammu and Kashmir. During the workshop, Planning Advisor of the North Eastern Council shared
various recommendations for the growth of bamboo industry. Union Minister Jitendra Singh inaugurated
the workshop.
117. The Indian Academy of Paediatrics (IAP) has started a program called ‘TB-free air for every child’ in
which state?
[A] Bihar
[B] Madhya Pradesh
[C] Karnataka
[D] Kerala
Answer: Kerala
The Indian Academy of Paediatrics (IAP) has started the ‘TB-free air for every child’ in the state of
Kerala. The IAP will train its 2500 paediatricians in the treatment protocol of Tuberculosis and they will
maintain a uniform and standardised procedure for the treatment.
The drive will ensure to that all the children of the state will be free of TB, ahead of the target year of
2025. They will also conduct campaigns in schools and explain about malnutrition, ill effects of tobacco
usage by adults and cough etiquette.
118. What is a “Shopper’, which was sometimes seen in news recently ?
[A] e-Commerce website
[B] Malware
[C] Robot
[D] Electric vehicle for shopping
Answer: Malware
Kaspersky Labs, an international cyber-security and anti-virus provider recently made an announcement
about a trojan application or a malware named ‘Shopper’. It is said to randomly increase the ratings of
some popular e-commerce applications through the social media counts of the victims.
Nearly 14% of the users, who were affected by the malware were Indians while the highest number of
people affected were from Russia.
119. Which of these festivals of other parts of India does not coincide with Makar Sankranti celebrated in
North India in January?
[A] Pedda Padanga

[B] Magh Bihu
[C] Thai Pongal
[D] Vishu
Answer: Vishu
Lohri is a festival celebrated in North India, especially in Punjab ahead of the Makar Sankranti Festival.
The festival marks the completion of Winter and the arrival of sunny weather in the region. It is also
regarded that the festival commemorates the passing winter solstice.
According to the traditional calendar, this year the festival Lohri falls on January 13. People of North
India celebrate the festival by lighting bonfires, with their friends and relatives. It is mainly celebrated in
Punjab, Haryana and Delhi.
This festival is celebrated as Makara Sankranti (Pedda Pandaga) in Maharashtra, Goa, Andhra Pradesh,
West Bengal (also called Poush sôngkrānti), Karnataka and Telangana, Sukarat in central India, Magh
Bihu by Assamese, and Thai Pongal by Tamils. Vishu concides with Vaishakhi.
120. What is the deadline to separate roles of chairman and MD in top 500 companies, as per the recent
directions of SEBI?
[A] April 1st,2020
[B] April 1st,2021
[C] April 1st,2022
[D] April 1st,2023
Answer: April 1st,2022
As per the recent notification of the Securities Market Regulator SEBI, the deadline to separate roles of
chairman and MD in top 500 listed companies by market capitalisation is deferred by two more years to
April 2022. Earlier, the top 500 companies were mandated to perform the separation by April 2020.
The proposal of splitting the roles of Chairman and MD was first made by the SEBI’s Committee on
Corporate Governance headed by Uday Kotak.
121. Which Indian monument has found place in the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation’s ‘8 Wonders of
SCO’ list?
[A] Taj Mahal
[B] Statue of Unity
[C] Konark Sun Temple
[D] Ajanta Caves
Answer: Statue of Unity
The recently built monument of Gujarat, ‘Statue of Unity’ was recently included in the ‘8 Wonders of SCO’
list released by the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation. It is the tallest statue of the world, which was
built as a tribute to the Indian leader Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel.
The 182-metre statue was inaugurated by the Prime Minister of India in October 2018 in Gujarat’s
Kevadiya colony. The statue was built on the river Narmada, facing the Sardar Sarovar Dam. SCO
comprises of eight member states, which are India, Pakistan, China, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Russia,
Tajikistan and Uzbekistan.
122. Who has recently been appointed as the new Director General of the Central Reserve Police Force
(CRPF)?
[A] Rajeev Rai Bhatnagar
[B] A.P. Maheshwari
[C] Vijay Kumar

[D] Arvind Kumar
Answer: A.P. Maheshwari
Senior IPS Officer A.P. Maheshwari has been appointed as the new Director General of the Central
Reserve Police Force (CRPF) by the Appointments Committee of the Cabinet. The previous DG of CRPF,
Rajeev Rai Bhatnagar retired last month and ITBP Director General S.S. Deswal was given the additional
charge in CRPF.
Maheshwari is a 1984-batch IPS officer of Uttar Pradesh cadre, who is the Special Secretary (Internal
Security) in the Union Home Ministry at present, has been appointed as the new Director General up to
28 February, 2021.
123. Which famous international money transfer company recently partnered with Ebixcash to expand its
presence in Indian market?
[A] PayPal
PayPal
[B] MoneyGram
[C] Western Union
[D] Transfer Wise
Answer: MoneyGram
International money transfer company, MoneyGram and the leading international supplier of software
and e-commerce services, EbixCash signed an agreement recently, to expand their business in India.
By this partnership, EbixCash will be the exclusive partner of MoneyGram in India. MoneyGram could
reach additional consumers in the rural areas through several distribution outlets of Ebix group. The
customers of Ebixcash could also use the MoneyGram platform for money transfer services across
several countries.
124. Which is the first Indian airport to get Disabled Aircraft Recovery Equipment (DARE)?
[A] Chattrapati Shivaji International Airport, Mumbai
[B] Indira Gandhi International Airport, New Delhi
[C] Kempegowda International Airport, Bengaluru
[D] Cochin International Airport
Answer: Kempegowda International Airport, Bengaluru
The Kempegowda International Airport of Bengaluru is the first Indian airport to be with the capability of
recovering disabled aircraft. Recently the Bangalore International Airport Limited (BIAL) has partnered
with the leading aircraft equipment supplier KUNZ GmbH to manufacture and deploy Disabled Aircraft
Recovery Equipment (DARE) for the Bengaluru Airport.
By this partnership, KUNZ GmbH will establish a centre for disabled aircraft recovery training in
association with BIAL.
125. Which company recently announced to offer guidance to 15 tech start-up companies from 5 Indian
states?
[A] Google
[B] Microsoft
[C] Amazon
[D] Flipkart
Answer: Microsoft
Microsoft has recently announced that it has selected 54 tech start-ups from five states, namely Gujarat,
Maharashtra, Rajasthan, Kerala and Telangana. These start-up companies were selected through

‘Emerge-X’ competition.
Among the 54 companies selected, fifteen start-up companies in the order of three from each state will
be offered guidance by Microsoft. The start-ups companies selected are also the part of the Tech
Major’s initiative to strengthen the start-up ecosystem in states called ‘Highway to a Hundred Unicorns’.
126. On which date, ‘Armed Forces Veterans Day’ celebrated across India?
[A] January 10
[B] January 12
[C] January 13
January 13
[D] January 14
Answer: January 14
The Armed Forces Veterans Day is celebrated on January 14 every year and was instituted in the year
2017, to commemorate the retirement date of the first Indian Chief of Army Staff, K M Cariappa. He
served as the Chief of Army Staff from 1949 to 1953.
The present Indian Army Chief General M M Naravane attended the event organised to observe the
Armed Forces Veterans Day and announced that special pensions would be provided to the emergency
commissioned and short service commissioned officers who fought in the wars of 1965 and 1971
against Pakistan.
127. Which badminton player recently won the Malaysian Masters 2020 title?
[A] Viktor Axelsen
[B] Kento Momota
[C] Sai Praneeth
[D] Kidambi Srikanth
Answer: Kento Momota
World No 1 Badminton player of Japan, Kento Momota defeated former world champion Viktor Axelsen
in the final match of Malaysia Masters 2020 tournament and clinched the title.
Kento Momota had won 11 major titles in the year 2019 and that is the highest number of titles held in a
year by any badminton player. He won the 2019 BWF World Tour finals and also was awarded the BWF
Best Male Player of the Year award. He is expected to represent Japan in the upcoming Tokyo Olympics.
Chinese badminton player Chen Yu Fei won the women’s singles title of the tournament.
128. Who has recently been appointed as the fourth Deputy Governor of the Reserve Bank of India?
[A] U K Sinha
[B] Ajay Tyagi
[C] Michael Patra
[D] Krishnamurthy Subramaniam
Answer: Michael Patra
The government appointed an executive Director of the Reserve Bank of India (RBI), Michael Debaprata
Patra as its fourth deputy governor. The Reserve Bank has three deputy governors at present, namely N
S Vishwanathan, B P Kanungo and M K Jain.
Former Deputy Governor Viral Acharya resigned from his post in July 2019 citing personal reasons.
Michael Patra is appointed for the said post after six months of resignation of Acharya. Patra will serve
as the deputy governor of RBI, for three years from the time of his appointment.
129. The Vice President of India is to inaugurate the Centre of Excellence for studies of which Indian
language, in Nellore?

[A] Kannada
[B] Telugu
[C] Tamil
[D] Malayalam
Answer: Telugu
The Vice President of India Venkaiah Naidu is to inaugurate the Centre of Excellence for studies in
Classical Telugu in Nellore.
Venkaiah Naidu had earlier suggested the Union Government to shift the Centre of Excellence for
Studies in Classical Telugu, situated in the Central Institute of Indian Languages, Mysuru, to one of the
Telugu States. It has now been shifted to Nellore in Andhra Pradesh. The centre performs several
activities research on the evolution of the Telugu script, digitisation, and publishing of classical Telugu
literature.
130. The communication satellite of ISRO, GSAT-30 is scheduled to launch aboard which vehicle?
[A] PSLV C 44
[B] PSLV C 46
[C] PSLV C 47
[D] Ariane 5
Answer: Ariane 5
The first mission of the year of the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) is the communication
satellite GSAT-30. It is scheduled for launch on January 17,2020 aboard the Ariane-5 launch vehicle (VA
251) from French Guiana.
The satellite will provide communication services from Geostationary orbit and is expected to serve as
the replacement satellite to INSAT- 4 A with extended coverage. GSAT-30 would be beneficial in several
ways including supporting VSAT networks, Cellular connectivity and DTH-Television services.

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