*TM 9-227

I 'l'ECHNICAL MANUAL } WAR DEPART1\L

, No. 9-227 WASHI~GTON, April _.

I 20-MM AIRCRAFT GUN MATERIEL Ml AND M2

, SECTION I. General. Paragraph
Scope________________________________________ 1
Data 2
II. Description.
20-mm gun M2 .,-___________ 3
20-mm gun 1\1:1_______________________________ 4
III. Operation.
To load 60-round magazine___________________ 5
To load gun from 60-round magazine_________ 6
Functioning of gun__________________________ 7
IV. Disassembly and assembly.
Disassembly of groups________________________ 8
Assembly and replacemenL------------------- 9
V. Care and preservation.
Care of gun_________________________________ 10
Lubrication instructions---------------------- 11
VI. Organization spare parts and accessories.
Organization spare parts ..:--~-------- 12
Accessork, 13
VII. Ammunition.
General 14
Firing tables - 15
Classification 16
Identification -------------------------- 17
Care, handling, and preserYation-------------- 18
Authorized rounds-------------- ------------- 19
Preparation for firing________________________ 20
Shell, fixed, HEI, ~rk. I, w/fuze, percussion,
DA, No. 253, 1\fk. I/A/, 20-mm automatic
guns :Ml and 1\12 .____________________ 21
Shot, fixed, AP, "M75, w/tracer, 20-mm automatic
guns 1\1:1and 1\1:2___________________________ 22
Shell, fixed, practice, "1\1k. I, 2O-mm automatic
guns 1\1:1and 1\12___________________________ 23
Fuze, percussion, DA, No. 253, 1\1k. II AI 24
Packing and marking__________________________ 25
Field report of accidents "________ 26
............
-This manual supersedes T. M. 9-227, December 16, 1941.'

44814GO--42----1 1
 '.1.'lYl 9-227
1-2
20-l\tl\I AIRCRAFT GUN MATERIEL Ml AND M2

SECTIO~ VIII."'f ...\ ecIlal1lSm,

. f ee(,I 20-lnm, "'[1
1\ • Paragl'll

~:~:;'~ti~~~~:l-f~~~~ti~;lil~~
Opera tion
~~~~~~~~
.;..
===~
... _
I lsassem y an assem y .
y bl d hI ~.'J
~[alfunction and correction _

IX.
Care and preservation
)fagazine, 60-round, 20-mm, Jlfl. .
Description and funetioning_______________
_

3
I
Opera tion______ __ ____ ~
Disassembly and assembly ----------------- ;Jl
~Ialfunction and correction________________ ~
Care and preservation ._______ 21
PilI
ApPENDIX. List of references________________________________ 4~

SECTION I

GENERAL
R00p~ ..
-- _ Para~rap
})ata _

1. Scope.-a. This manual is published for the information an

guidance of the using arms and services.
b. In addition to a description of the 20-mm aircraft gun materic;
~11 and ~[2. this manual contains technical information i'equil'ed fof
the identification, use, anfl care of the mat~riel.l
~. Disassembly, assembly, and such repairs as may he handle~l .b)'j
uSlIlg arms personnel will be undertaken only under the supervlslOJ1
of an officer or the chief mechanic. j
d. In all cases where the nature of the repair, modification, 0
1
adjustment is beyond the Scope or facilities of the unit, the responsible,
ordnance service should be informed in order that trained personne~
wit h suitable tools and equipment may be providetl, or proper instruc~
tions issned.. ~
2. Data.
I.A:'llgth of g-mL----------- inches__ 98.
""eig-ht of gun without mag-azille pOllllds__ 112.
V'('locity---- feet per secOlHL_ 2.8!50
Hate of antomatic fire---- shots per millute __ GOO-700;
Leng! h (J flu he __ -- inche8__ 67. r,g
Weight of lubo --- --- -- -- --- --------I)Ound8__ 94. ~

2
 TM 9-227
20-MM AIRCRAFT GUN MATERIEL .Ml AND 1\12 3
~ ~
bumber of grooves ~--------------------- 9
~pth of grooves : inches __ .015
w~dth of grooves ' do _ .205
~,]~th of lands do _ .068
~Ilfllng is uniform with right hand twist, slops 7°.
I a~llnum powder pressure pounds per square inch __ 42~OOO

SECTION II

DESCIUPTION
O'1111n Paragraph
O-lillil gUn 1\12______________ 3
gun 1\11__________________________________________________________ 4
3. 20-mm gun M2.-a. The 20-mm, 2,850-fps automatic gun ~r2
B a combination gas and blowback operated aircraft weapon. The
~llll is air-cooled and is capable of delivering fire. at the rate of
,l(l-700 rounds per minute. Designed for mounting on "in-line"
II.TIane engines, it may be fired either through the hub of the pro-
(,Ier or as a fixed gun mounted in the wing (figs. 1, 2, and 3).
'J, The gun consists of two distinct portions, recoiling 9n<1 non-
'"e 0]'I'lllg: Recoil is absorbed partly by a muzzle brake and partly by
IIt'e CO]'I spring placed between the muzzle brake and the ~ont mount.
~erecoil spring serves also as a recuperating spring. Its assembled
(lIght can be varied by turning the mounting sleeve nut. The muzzle
~'llkeis of the conventional type except as to its internal construc-
IfIll I.I . f d
, \V llC 1 IS un amentally
' .
SImIlar to t IIat 0 f a compensator. A
~'n'ber of ports are cut in the muzzle brake which, being at an angle
45° to the axis of the bore deflect the blast gases to the rear. The
'lIdency of the reaction is to' force the gun to the front and reduce
1~ total recoil energy (fig. 5). -
,(1) Nonrecoiling JJortiorl,-The nonrecoiling portion consists of
I~ front mounting sleeve assembly. A dashpot cylinder is attached
I the mounting sleeve to act as a guide for the dashpot piston during
ll~ normal recoil of about 1 inch.
,(2) Recoiling portion.-(a) The tube is screwed into the receiver
Idy and secured by a locking pin to prevent the barrel from becom-
\~ loose due to vibration. 1t is fitted ,vith a Illuzzle brake. recoil
~I'ing, mounting sleeve, and a gas cylinder. The gas cyli~der is
ll~l} at the end and contains the gas piston. The gas cylinder sleeve
Illlses a spring and carries a yoke on its rear end which. contacts two
11l-ih rods I)assinO' throllo.h the front end of the rpeeiver and abutt'inO'
l( f b ~ . b
~ orward ends of the brepchblock slides, The cylinder is fixed to
l~
gUn barrel but the piston is free to move to the rear.
TM 9-227
3 20-1\1:\1 AlltCHAFT (;U0.' MATEIO";r, M I AN/) M2

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3 20-MM AIRCRAFT GUN MATERIEL Ml AND M2

(b) The receiver houses the followino'b bO'roups: Bn.echblock, se:' ,

block, trigger and housing, mugazine and slide locking, drivif
spring guide, and rear buffer. The under side of the rpceiver is op'
at the front to permit the empty cartri(lge cases to be ejected. II
tlw rear it is dosed by tlw bottom plate, which accommodates tft
spar me('hani~m. The l'l'ceiver slidt's are secured by bolts to efl!
side of the I'('ceiver body. The slides support the breechblock in 6.
ing position and lower the breechblock lock to the locked positil
when the breech is closed.
(c) In the right side of the receiver is a cocking cylinder (fi~
G find 7) which may be fitted with a charger for retracting the bol,
A slot in the rear half of the cocking cylinder enables the cockif
piston to engage the key on the right breechblock slide. At presel
two types of chargers are und~r consi(leration, air and hydraul ie. }
soon as the necessary information is available it will be pnhlishe(l. ;
(d) A transverse slot is cnt in each si(le of the receiver bo(ly to tl,
rear of the ejector opening to accommodate tlH~ breech block lockill,
key. The top of the front face of the key is bevele(I slightly to allo'
•
the bre<'chblock lock to hinge down and engage III front of 'II
J
Below the bevel are two projections which support the breechblol,
lock when it is lowered to the locked position The key is held ~
position by a plate placed between the sides of the receiver bmly n~
secun.d to the key by two screws antI washers. The ends of the ke
project beyond the body and are used for attaching the gun to tl 1

rear mounting.
(e) The rear buffer and receiver are joined by means of a doV1
tail connection. The rear buffer lock plunger engages a slot in tV,
rpceiver plate and prevents vertical sliding of the rear huffer. 'fl:
driving spring and guide extend through the rear buffer into tl 1

bolt. The front end of the driving spring rests against the flaI1~
head of the drivinO'~ sprinO'~b (Tuide I)IUlwer
.b'
The I)IUllL.Terabuts d
u

rear of the firin~ pin. The rear end of the driving spring re~~
against a combination I)luO'
b
and I->(.Tuide screwel! into the rear of tl •
buffer. The cylindrical portion of the real' buffer houses a huffl
~pring which is placed under initial compression by a screwed buff!
sleeye haYing an internal flan~e at the outer end. Between the buffl
spring and the flange is a washer which absorbs the blow when d'
breechblock is driven to the rear. The rear' of the cylinder'
thn'lt<h'd for the driving spring ~uide assembly. I
(I) The magazine slide is a steel for(TilW b ~
havin{Tb
a (Tuide
b
on eac .
side to mate with correspondin~ guideways orl the receiver body. ).
the front of the slide are two hook-shaped projections to hold tl1
 TM 9-227
20-MJ\!I: AIRCHAFT GUN" l\IATERIEL ,\11 AXD M2 3

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TM 9-227
3 20-:\1:\1 AIHCHAFT (;U:\, MAT{.:HIJ<~L M 1 AND 1\12

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 TM 9-227
20-MM AIRCHAF''l' GUJJ l\IATErnEL )'ll A~D ),[2 3

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TM 9-227
3 20-MM AIRCRAFT GUN MATERIEL Ml AND M2

magazine in position. A securing arm is fitted to the left side

the slide. The lmyer end of the arm fits into the rear mounting 8
preyents the magazine from moving. Lines aTe engraved on l
magazine slide and receiYer body, and these liries shoul(l be m~
to coincide when the gun is mounted. The magazine latch II
ejector are housed in the rear oT the magazine slide.
(g) The magazine latch fits on top of the ejector. Two 1)(1
are drilled in the rear of the latch to house the latch springs. A d
tular recess is cut near the middle oT the latch to accommodate j
lug of the magazine slide lever. The front oT the L1tch is bevel
at the top for engaging the magazine.
(h) The ejector consists of two horns integral with a steel pIn
The plate has two holes drilled in the rear for the ejector sprin
Between the holes there is a threade<l stud which passes through 1
magazine slide backplate. This plate forms the rear abutment j
both the ejector springs and the magazine latch springs.
(i) The breechbloek assembly consists of the brppch1,loek, brp('(
block slides, firing pin, pxtractor, an<l breechblock lock. The sl id
one on each side of the breeehhloek, are keye(l togl't}wr throng}1
slot n('ar the forward end of the block. The hl'ecehhlock slidp ~
rpsts in a transyerse recess in the firing pin so that the latter an<l 1
slides move togdher. The sli<}es contact the hreechblock lock w1
such cammed surfaces that when the sE<les move forward the brp('(
block lock is cammed down. This OCellI'S when the breechblock
fully forward. InE'rtia blocks are provided and hOll~e(l in the 1,1'('(
block slides in the longitUdinal slots. The inertia blocks are cut ll'"
on the under side to accommo(}ate the hrepchhlock slj(}p springs It
guides, and are dri11e(} at the front for a plunger an(l spring. 'f
plunger bears against the front of the slot in th(' slide. A rpcess
the plllngpr accommodates the pin which holds it in positioll a
limits its movement.
(j) The extractor is aceommodat('d in the u11d('r side of 1
l)r<'('chblock and pivots on its pin. It is provide(} with a lip at t
front to engage the grooye at the base of the cartridge casco 'f
extractor spring forces the lip of the extractor toward the face of t
breechblock.
(k) The sear block group consists 0 f the sear, sear block, hll fl
springs and plungers, and buffer blocks. The'group is housed ill t
bottom plate ant} is retained by tll<' preSSllre of the sear bllfl
springs. Tlw sear is hingpd to tlw }'('IU' of the ~('al' block. '1'1
hol('s arlJ dri11('<} in the front of tll<' s('ar block to hO\l~(l the se
buffer springs and plungers. The plungers are cylindrical in sh:t

10
 TM 9-227
20-1\1M AIRCRAFT GUN MATERIEL Ml AND M2 3-5

tnd have a circumferential O"roove midway to acco;nmodate the dis-

l~sel1lbling
\ b
tool. The tool is passed through a vertical hole in the
) oek and llolds the springs under compression during disassembling
[)l' assembling. The sear buffer blocks, one of steel and one of fiber,
!ll'ov'
'I'l l('e ] a front abutment for the sear buffer sprmgs . and plungers.
f 1e steel buffer block should be adjacent to the plungers. The
bl1netion of the sear buffer springs is to absorb the shock when the
J'ceehblock and sear engage.
, . (l) The sear block group is covered by the sear cover plate
rlf:;SPlhbly. The sear is held up by the action of the sear spring and
:'llgages the breechblock in cocked position. 'Vhen the safety lever
~~ released, the scar is free to move. except for the action of the
;:'7 Spring plunger ,,'hich holds it l~p. 'Vhen the trigger lever is
U led bv the wire core of the tri!!"!!"er cable. the sear is pulled down
Illr, ' ~ , ., , '
r""\]nst the action of the sear spring. This causes the bolt to move
, (1 un d er t 11e f O1'ce 0 f t 11e c1"
01'\\,'\1' rlvmg sprmg. .
It 4. 20-mm gun MI.-The only differences between the .M2 and 1\[1
:"I U n s '\ . tl d nnenSlOns
. .
]'1 ' ,l'e mw an d s Iff
1apes 0 some a t ]1e receIver . parts.
""Ie .M2 receiver is slightly longer. In the 20-mm gun 1\12 the re-
utIVer. S)(
M ]' 1e b'0 1ts are I oc lIb
{e( y cotter pll1S . an d' III t 11e 20~mm gun
~ ; by locking wire. Each receiver slide in the 20-mm gun 1\I1 has
r lead flange which overlaps the bot tom face of the rect"iver side.
in tItle' 20-Illm gun l\f2 each receiver slide has a projection which fits
Jlto u s 10t In . t 1Ie receIver
'. .
SIde.

SECTION III

OPEIL\TION
1'0 1 ' Paragruph
l' olld fiO-round m:lg-:tzi lIP______________________________________________ U
[.'o load ,.,
"1111 f'10111 I -I'onlll 1" 1n:1g-:IZ1ne
", ('() .____________________ (')
Illl(,t ion ing- of gnn -- 7

" 5. To load 60-round magazine.-a. Place the magazine on the

Il}alr. '
l"'"lZlllestand, mouth up.
~ ? Introduce a 1'0(1 into the holes in the end of the magazine spring
XIS.

~ltTurn the axis so that the spring is depressed just enough to

Ow the insertion of a single cartridge.
d. Slide the cartri<!ITp, rim first, between the lips of the magazine.
f .e. Continue rotatin; the axis and filling the magazine with qll'-
l']~ges until GO have been inserted. .
~f aUtion: Be Sllre that the head of each cartridg~ abuts the rear
the magazine. This is necessary to prevent mlsfeeds.
11 ..
 °TM 9-227
6-7 20-1\1M AIRCRAFT GUN MATERIEL Ml AND oM2

6. To load gun from 60-round magazine.-a. Fit the char

to the cocking cylinder and cock the gnn.
b. Set the safety control lever at t he safe position. l\fake sure ~
no pressure on the trig-gel' has any cireet. 1
c. Place the loaded mag-azine in its proper position on the gm1
d. Eng-ag-e the two pins at the front of the mount with the hO
shaped projections at the front of the magazine carrier.
e. Depress the mag-azine eatch lever and press the rear of j
magazine into position. ' l
f. Relea~e the magazine catc-h lever and make sur~ that the' cal
engages the catch piece on the magazine. !
7. Functioning of gun.-a. To enable the first round to be loa;
and fired, open the breech an<l cock the gun with a cocking ui
1Vhen the cocking piston is force<l to the rear, the he:\(l of the pisl
engages the key on the rigllt breechblock 81 ide, causing both the l'i~
and left slides to move to the rear and compress the slide spl'i11
The first moyement of the brpechblock slide key withdraws the firi
pin inside the breechblock, while the bre(lchbl~)ck lock is still in 1
°locked position. 'Vhen the slides have traveled about lh inch, i
lock is rais(ld from the locked position and the breechhlock is :f
to move to the rear. 1
b. Further movenwnt of the cocking pistun causes the bl'eeclll)lc
slide key to pull °the breechblock to the rear, compressing the drivi
spring. The movement of the brcpchb10ck is arrest('<l when its rE
end hits the rear buffer washer. Towar<l the end of its movcllH,1
the b'reechblock overrides the sear, whieh afterwar<l rises UlH]('1' ~
influence of its spring and engag-es the 1>1'('('chb10cklock in the cock
position.
c. 1Vhen the firing- control mechanism is operated, the sear is d
£>ngag{'d and the driving spring- returns the breech block assembly
the forward position. As the breechblock moves forwar<l, it lllel
the base of a round in the mouth of the magazine and pUSh<'H t
round into the chamber. 'Vhen the bre('chb10('k is home, tll<' ~
-tractor engages the groove in the cartridge case near the base. 'f
final moyement of the bre('chblock carries the brccchblock lock to f
locked position in front of the broechblock l~ekjng key. The bI'('('c
block slides conti~ue to move forward until the firing pin protl,u<1
through the br{'Cchblock face and strik('s the primer. Hchoull<l
the slides is prevented by their springs awl the inertia blocks. j

d. The breechb10ck remains lockc<l until after the projectil(~ ~

passed the gas vent. 1Vhen the projectile has passed the gas ve
in the barrel, a portion of the propellent gases passes into the g

12
 TM 9-227
20-MM AIRCRAFT GUN MATERIEL Ml AND M2 7-8

c~linder, where it impinges on the head of the piston and drives the
PIston to the rear: The rearward movement of the piston com-
presses the gas cylinder sleeve spring against the gas cylinder guide.
A.s the piston moves to the rear, its yoke forces the gas cylinder
~lee~Te p.ush rods rearward. The push rO,ds a~t agaiI~s~ .the bre:ch-
lock shdes to unlock the breech as descrIbed III the Il1ltIal COCkIllg.
c. When the breech is unlocked, the residual pressure in the bore
acting against the empty cartridge case drives the breechblock to the
real', compressing the driving spring. The extractor supports the
('~npty cartridge caSe on the face 'of the breechblock until it meets the
;~ector, which forces the case downward through the ejector opening.
L he backward movement of the breechblock is arrested by the rear
~ffer. The breechblock is then started forward by the recovery
()f the buffer. If the firing control mechanism is operated, the cycle
~~ operations is repeated. If the firing control mechanism is released,
e sear will retain the breechblock in the cocked position.

SECTION IV
DISASSEMBLY AND ASSE~IBLY
I)j Paragraph
A SQSl'Iembly of groups -- 8
sS('mhly Ilnd replacemenL ~ - 9

8. Disassembly of gronps.-a. A/uzzle brake and gas cylinder

.'l'roUp._(l) Unscrew the front ferrule of the muzzle brake and the
lnuzzle brake assembly. Straighten the muzzle brake washer and un-
screw the rear ferrule from the muzzle brake. Further disassembly
of the muzzle brake is prohibited.
(2) Remove the muzzle brake lock and slide off the recoil spring
sleeve, the recoil spring, and the filler sleeve. The muzzle brake
Collar shown in figure 9 is used on a different mount only .
.(3) Slide off the mounting sleeve assembly, and unscrew the plug
WIth the fitting. Remove d~lshpot piston and washer, unscrew the
dashpot cylinder from the mounting body, and remove the nut and
detent.
(4) Cut the locking wire Hnd unscrew the g-as cylinder bracket
l)lug and gas cylinder vent plug- .. Retract the gas cylim~er sleeve
and remove the gas cylinder and piston (fi~. 8).
b. Receiver group.- (1) Remove the'locking wire and the breech-
~l~:Ck locking ke,y plate screws, washers, and plate. Drive out the
lceehbloek loekmg key. .
(2) Take out the cotter pins remove the receiver slide bolts with
the nuts and washers, and lift off '. the receIver s l'd
1 es. I 11 the case of
13'-
TM 9-227
8 20-MM AIRCRAFT GUN MATfmIEL M1 AND 1\12

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 TM 9-227
20-MM AIRCHAF'l' GUN .i\JATEHIEL M 1 Al TV 1\12
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 TM 9-227
20-MM AIRCRAFT GUN MATERIEL Ml AND M2 8

the 111 gun, remove the lockino- wires unscrew the slide bolts, with
the nuts, and lift off the slides (6gs. 9 ;nd 10).
c. lIfagazine and slide locking group.-(1) Remove the cotter pin,
llnscrew the e)'ector stud nut and remove the washers and the e)'ector
"VIt11 the springs. '
(2) Remove the locking wire, unscrew the magazine slide back-
plate screws, and remove the backplate with the magazine latch
kprings. Remove the split pin and bushing, the magazine slide lever,
and the latch. .
(3) Remove the cotter pin and the magazine slide securing arm
kCl'ew with the washer. Remove the magazine'slide securing arm
un(1 slide off the magazine slide (fig. 11).
f d. Breechbloch~grou],.-Unlock and remove the breechblock group
!'Oln the gnn. . Remove the inertia blocks by pushing against the
I'{\ar end of the block from the inside. Remove the retaining pin
and the plunger and spring. I{emove the breechblock slides, taking
(~l~e to restrain the springs. Remove the breechblock slide spring
gUIdes. Remove the firing pin. Grip the extractor, drive out the
extractor pin, and remove the extractor and spring (fig. 12).'
]. e. Sear bloclcgroup.-Insert a rod into the hole of the sear block,
11ft ont the sear and sear block, and detach the sear from the sear
~lock. Place the. sear block in a vise so that the tension of sear
tlufre~ springs can be taken off the rod. Remove the rod and loosen
. Ie VIse to release the tension of these springs (fig. 13).
f. Trigger and housing group.-To remove the trigger and housing
gl'oup from the gun remove the locking wire. Unscrew the sear
, Vel' plate screws, taking
('0 '
care to hold the plate firmly against the
Pl'{\Ssure of the scar sprinrr as the screws are removed. Remove the
plate. h

(1) Unscrew sear spring housing and remove scar spring and
l)]unger. Unscrew bowden connection nut and remove bowden con-
Tl(\ctioll outer and inner bushings. Unscrew bowden shaft housing
nut and remove Lowden cOJllwction shaft spring and shaft (fig. 14).
,(2) Remove safety lever pin and safety lever. Remove safety
trIgger pin and the locking pin spring with the ball. -
b g. Rear buffer a8sernbly.-To remove the driving spring and rear
~lfr:r group from the gun, see that the bolt is completely locked
,(lII Its most forward position). Unscre,w the driving spring guide,
i 1ll<! remove the guide and driving spring. Uetract the rear buffer
oek plunger and slide out the rear buffer.
(1) Remove the rear buffer lock plunger pin aIld slide out the
PIUllger and spring, collar, and bushing.

~ 44~]4~.--42----3 17
 TM 9-227
8-9 20-i\1i\1 AIHCI{AF'I' nUN i\IAT(.;HII<:L 1\'1 I AND 1\'12

(2) lill~(TI'\\" till' 1'1':11' Illdl'('l' s\P('ve :llld I'U)llOVe L111~spring :llld
\\":I~It('1' (fig. 1;1).
9. Assenlbly and replacement.-Ass(')llidy :I lid l'epl:u;(;llU'ld a rl
ill tll(' J'l'\'('I'S(' o:'d('1' of' di~ass('Il)!lJy :lfld 1'('I)IO\':t1. Prior to asseillbly. al1

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 TM 9-227
9
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 TM 9-227
20-1\11\1 AIRCRAFT GUN MAT:EmIEL Ml AND M2
9-12

lot t; s are f orcpd lllWal'll.

IlIncrer' . Insert a rod In. the ,,' block hole so
sear
~ett', It engages the circlllnferential O"rooves on the plungers and pre-
'1\ S tl. , , b
~' lelI' movement. Do not remove the rod until the sear has
i en attached and the sear assembly replaced.
: SECTION V

i CAnE AND PHESEHV ATION

~re of gun Paragraph

llhriea tion -~l~;-r~;tj~~~=============================================== ~~

11~: Care of gun.-In all maintenance operations the gun should
~ ~,IHasspmbled, thoroughly cleaned, and oiled. Special care should
't'\ken in cleanin!!" the cras l)ort in the tube and the gas cylimler.
t
.t~l' I "I-l •
)V, t H~ gun has been cleaned it should be carefully dripd and
1-;;'I'(~<l with a thill film of oil. If the gun is to be stored or shiplwd,
t,~tlOlll(l be suitably coated with a rust-preventive compound after
11 cleaning with solvent, (lry-cleaning.
"p ': ~ubrication instructions.-a. Only the following cleaning,
(;\J'Vlll g and lubricating materials will be used in this equipment:
'ad' Lubrir:ants.-Oil, lubricating, for aircraft instruments and
(2 llnt~ crUl1S
I-l,' •
(g) (}!eanef'8.-Cl;luwr, rifle bore and solvent, dry-clean~ng ..
7) ~,!t,1I,8f-pJ'e1Jcntwe comp0111ul.-Compound, rust.:preventIve, lIght.
~.. 10 0pPTate properly at all times, the gun should be perio(1ically
~:tHt'Jnbled, t hOl'ough ly ('h'a11pd, and oiled. Aftpr firing. the px-
IdOl' snrfaces and all moving parts of the gun will be (lisassembled
I ,thoroughly eleane(1 with solvpnt, dry-eleaning. The bore will
"il[11PHIH:d. with deaner, rifle bore. Aftpr('It'aning,themateriel
INt,
l(' gl
, ven a tl 1111
. protectIve. coatlllg
. f'l
0 OJ,
1u b'ncatlllg,
. f or aUTra
. ft
I ,11lJnents and machiJ1(J crlllIS. If the gun has not been fired but is
[~,lll~ alert condition, it ~lOuld be cleaned daily with solvent, dry-
l't,Ill III /",.,
0' t IIOl'OUg1l'
I Y (h'w(1 an(1 a fi 1m 0 f' 01 I lb' .
U l'lcatu}O' f or Ulreru
. ft
~ I'll .' , b'
(l' ,l~ents and machine guns applied.
• 'lipn c}panillu Ow CTunit is illlilortant that the cras cylinder Y('nt
Ilcr I I-l I-l ~ •
l(l~ l(: ]'PIllO\.pd, clea11('(I, a11u rpp1:t('Nl. If after thorough clpanillg
1l.\:l('tIOI\of the gun relllain~ sluggish, replace this plug with a new

SECTION VI
OHGANIZATION SPAUE PAnTS AND ACCESSORIES
I
l'urll~rnph
.~lllll~'lt • I"flll r(~ 1 :1 ,.ts --____________ 12
,(, .. lOll l
(1IolIolCII'Il's 1:1
1 -------------------------------------------------------------
2. Or ganumhon
lIt, .
. . spare parts.-f1• \ S£lt 0 f orgamzatlOn
.. 1. spare
S IS supplied to the using arm for field replacement of those parts
~ 2:3
 TM 9-227
12-13 20-1\11\1 AIRCRAFT GUN MA'rf.auEL Nfl AND M2

most likely to become broken, worn, or otherwise unserviceable.

set, is kept complete by rcquisitioning ncw parts for those 111
Organization spare parts are listed in SNL A-47.
b. Care of organization spare parts is covered in section V.
13. Accessories ........:a. General.-Accessories include tools I
equipment required for such disassembling and assembling- as
using arm is authorized to perform, and for the cleaning and pre!
vation of the gun carriage, sighting and fire-control equipment, I
munition, etc. They also include chests, covers, tool rolls, and of
items necessary to protcct the materiel when it is not in use, or J,
tra veling. Accessories should not be used for purposes other d
as prescribed, and when not in use should be properly stored. 'I'll
are a number of accessories the names or general characteristicS
which indicate their use. Others, embodying special featureS
having special uses, ale described below. 1

b. Rod, cleaning.-The rod consists of a number of metal secti

having male and female threads at opposite ends to enable the c)
plete rod to be assembled. A T-shaped handle is fitted to oIle
the end sections to facilitate the use of the rod. The servic(~ seetil
include a brush, a plug end for use with patches, ~nd a loop end
flannelette or other cleaning rags. J
c. Tool, bl'eechbloclcunlocking.-This lever with two arms piV~
at one end is designed to be placed on top of the bolt botly in
receiver. A hook engages the end of the right receiver slid(~ so ~
when the lever is operated the slides are forced rearwarod, ullloc~
the breechblock. ,
d. Tool, driving spring assembUlIg.-This is a steel rod, in one '
of which is screwed a split stud. This studded end is inserted ~
recess in the outer end of the plunger (driving spring guid(~) to
in assembling. ,J
e. Tool, sear block aS8embUng.-This vise-like tool is used to br
together, by compressing, the sear buffer springs and plung(',los (J
buffer spring) in their proper relation in the sear block ill o~
that they may be inserted in the gun. This tool may also be llsed'
releasing the springs from the sear block. ~
I. Tool, sear buffer 8pring l'eta/rdng.-This is 'a rod bent to fO
an oval handle at one end; the straight portion at the other' en(~
slightly tapered. ,This tool is USI',I with .the spar hlock aSHl'mb1j,
tool and when inserted in the hole of the scar block engages,
grooves in the plungers (sear buffpr spring), thus holding the !-ipri~
under compression. 1Vhen the tool is in this position, the m('('llllnj
can be moved as a group and inserted in its proper place in the g'

24 j
 TM 9-227
20-MM AIRCRAFT GUN MATERIEL Ml AND M2 l3-lt>

l'sO' g.1 Wr ench.", enguwers, s~ngle-head,- T 11ls

' open en d wrenc h IS
. pro- '!:

I~;d to fit the gas cylinder guide and the ~as cylin(~er ve~t plug.
.. Wrench, muzzle brake.-This wrench IS a castIng WIth two
/1<1l1dle}' l mmetncally
~s . '
opposite its round center portIOn, w h'lC I1 Ilas
tlternal splines to engage the external splines of the muzzle brake
l v. 1en assembling and disassemblina. It can also be used for as-
4'>prnbl'
~ . mg the muzzlb thread protector. L.'

~li:" lVr~nch, rear b~ffer,-This castin¥ is designe? with tW? handles

II ~.trlCally 0pposlte a central portIOn. One slde of. tillS central
,;~rhon has a hexagon socket to fit the guide driving spring head.
~!. Ie other side of the casting is a circular section with four equally
l~pnce
I' l1. }H'oJec
. t"IOns on ItS outer perIphery,
. w I lle
. I1 engage kreyways cut
I .
;111 th e f.(Lceof the rear buffer sprmg . sleeve.
J.• lV rench, spanner.- This spanner is provided to tighten and
IoOsen
, th .'
e mountmg sleeve nut.

SECTION VII

A1\I1\IUNITION
a P8r8~rnph

,, I~'J
f~neral
ring tl;W~~---------- ------ ----- ------- -- -- ----- ---------~- ------ --- --- 14
I OlU8Nifica tion-- - --- - - - - - - -- - - --- - ---- - - - - --- -- - - - --- - --- ----------- - -- - - - 11(~1)

I ld -----------------------------------------~----------------
I ('I Plltiticll tiOIl
';:"'e, haDdll Dg, nnd preserv. tlOD -
-----
- -- --- - - --- -- - - - - - - - ----- -- -
17
18

! ~;:~::~~~~I
~:~D~:I~;===================================================
" lell, fixe.l,
ShUUtollllltiC
In~I, 1\lk. I, w/fnzp, pt>rcussion, Il.\, ~o. :!:i:l, ~lk. I/A/, 2O-mlll
gum~ 1\11 and 1\12__ .:.._________________________________________
~~
21
.81\It,
ii'
fixed, At',
lPl1, fixed, practice,
M7[" w/trn" ..r, 2o-mm lIulUUlIIII" guns
1\1k. I, ~o-mm antomatic ~nlls
m
~11 fiud
IUld M2---------
~12____________
22
2~l
I
' II \lZe, Jlercusslon,
F'l:<'king and marklng
DA, No. 2r;:~, l\lk. I/A/
---- ----------------------
~_ 24
2;'
pld repOIt of accldents_:- ._________ __ 26

14. General.-Ammunition for the 20-mm automatic g'1l11S 1\11

llnd 1\12 is issued in the form of fixed rounds, with the cartridge case
COntaining the propellinO' char(Te and primer crimped rigidly to the
~rojectile. The complete rou:d is londed into the gun as a unit.
he fuzed complete round includes all the ammunition components
~~ed in the gun to fire once. After firing, the cartridge case is ex-
I'acted and ejected, then the next round loade;,d into the gun, all
lllitomatically. -
thl5. Firing tables.-No firing tables will be issned ,,["present for
eSe weapons. Data for use of personnel engaged in design of fire

I 25
 TM 9-227
1~-17 20-1\11\1 AIRCRAFT GUN MATERIEL M1 AND M2

control are furnished hi the form of ballistic rese:-trch laboratod

reports. j
16. Classification.-Depcndent upon the type of projectile, thl
ammunition 1)1'oYi<1(.<1
for this g-Ull is clas:-iifie<1 as high-explosiv~
incendiary, armor-piercing, or practice. The high-explosive inceIl'
diary projectile contains hoth a high pxplo:-iive and an incend iar~
filler; the armor-pi('rcing projectile is inert or contains a tracer; the
practice projPctile is inert. I
17. Identification.-Ammunition, including- components, is iden'
tified by means of painting, marking- (including ammunition lot
lllUnbf'r). and the accompanying ammunition data canl. All essen' •
tiul information may be obtained froIll the marking and the dut9•
cant I
a. iVarlc Qr m./)rlel.-To idpntify a particular design, a model desig"
nation is assign<>d at the tiIlle the design is classifie(l as an adopted~
type. This 1110del (lesignation b('('oHws an eS:-ielltial part of the
standard lIoIlll'ndature of the item and is includctl in the :narkillg af
the item. The nHHlel designation consists of tlll' letter .M followeJ
by an Arabic Illimeral. j\lodifications are indicate(,I by adding the
h.ttpr .A and the appropriate Arabic numeral. Thus, j\f1Al imli'
cates the first mOllification of an item for which the original llIocle1
df'signation was ~Il. An excpption ('xist:, in t he case of 20-111}11:
aIllmunition, the models of which are designated :Mark, abbreviated
".:\Ik.", followpd by a Homan numeral. I
b. Ammunition lot 1Hun7Jer.-'Vlwn ammunition is manufadlll'ed,
an ammunition lot number, which hecomes an essential part of tli
I
marking, is assigned in accor(!allce with pertinent specificationS.,
This lot number is stamped or marke(l on l'ach complete rOllnd, 01\
all packing- containers, and on the accompanying ammunition llat~l
card. It is l'Pqllired for all purposes of record. illclll(ling reports 01\
condition, functioning, awl accidents, in which the ammunition i~1
involved. I'fo provide for the most uniform functioning, all of the
rOllnds of anyone lot of fixed ammunition consist of-
Projectiles of one lot number.
Fuzes of one lot number.
Primers of one lot numher.
Pro!)('l1ent powder of one lot number.
Tlwl'(, fore, to obtain the greatest accuracy ill any firing,. successive,
l'ounds should be. from the same ammllnitioh lot, whelllwet
praetica ble.
f? Ammunition data card.-A fi- hy R-ine11 card, known ItS all,
II
ammunition data card, is packpd in each packing box with the
l

2G II
 TM 9-227
20-MM AIRCRAFT GUN .MATERIEL 1\f1 AND 1\12 17-18

lIInn " . ...., '

,nulltlOn, 'Vhen required assemblmg or firmg mstructlOns are
PrlIlt eu.1 on the reverse side of' the card.
t d . P Ollfllng
.' t' .
and 'lnarking.- (1) Paintmg.- p"1 .
rOJeetI es are pamte{ I
,0 prevent rust and, by means of the color, to provide for identification

as ,to type, The projectiles of the ammunition described herein arc

PaInted as follows:
Bigh explosive incen- Yellow ogive, red body; marking III

diary. black.
Armor-piercing _ Black; marking' in white.
Practice _ Black; marking in white (projectile is
inert) .
I It 8h lIb . not w IlOlly lJl
. Hg'l'ee-
, J on ( e noted that the above color scheme IS
tl('llt with the basic color scheme de~cribed in TJI 9-1900, .
I tl (~) illaddng.-The following information is marked or stan;pe(1 on
Ie uHllnunition : .
(a) On projectile.
Kind of filler, for example, HEL
Loader's lot number.
Loader's initials and symbol.
Year of loading.
(b) On base of cartridge Crk<;e. ~
Lot number and loader's initials or symbol (stenciled).
Caliber and designation.
Manufacturer's initials or symbol.
Year of manufacture.
(0) On fuze.
:Model and designation of fuze.
l\1anufacturer;s initials or symbol.
Loader's lot number.
Year of loading.
18. Care, handling, and preservation.-C<>mpletc rounds nnd
IIllnrun
• .
't'
11 Jon components
. Ilstanu.1 com l'JtJOns
are packed to WIt . 1"1
OJ'( man y
~Jle~)tlJltel'ed in the field, Since ammunition is adversely aff(.cted by
t~:::J1-;tlll'eand high temperature, due consideration should be given to
, followin(r.h' .

e ,0. A,lIlInunition must be handled with proper care at all times. The
. ve e I ements III
1 :'o>}>1081 ., pl'lIYH'rS and fuz(>s are partIcu. 1ar I y S('nsltn'p
' . to
7) (S ].IOCk• and ]l1gh
lll<ln' ' temperature., "
. ,Do not bn'ak the mOl~ture-resIstant seal of the packmg untIl the
<Ill-nnl " .
Ull t IOn is to be used. -
o. Do not attempt to disassemble any complete round or fuze.

... 27
TM 9-227
18-21 20-MM AIRCRAFT GUN MATERIEL Ml AND M2
j
d. Protect the ammunition from high temperatures, including thi
direct rays of the sun. .More uniform firing is obtained if theroun&
are at the same temperature. ,1
e. The complete round should be free of any foreign matter-san~
mud, grease, etc.-before loading into the gun. If it gets wet or dil't~
it should be wiped off at once. j
I. Rounds prepared for firing but not fired will be returned ~
their original packing and appropriately marked. These will be use
first in subsequent firings, in order that stocks in opened packin/.
may be kept at a minimum.
g. Do not handle duds. The fuzes of duds, the projectiles huviJ1
I
been fired, are extremely dangerous. Duds will be disposed of J
accordance with Tl\I 9-1900.
19. Authorized rounds.-The ammunition authorized for use'
the 20-mm a1ltomatic guns :M1 and ~I2 is shown in the folIowiJ1
table. Both models of the gun, the ~11 and the ~12, are chambere~
alike, hence fire the same ammunition. It will be noted that tb
nomenclature completely identifies the round.
TABLE I.-Ammunition for the 20-mm automatic gunl~ M1 and 1\12
~
Allpro~I'1
Inllte
Nornenclllture wl1l!(ht.!
Action of fuze
of "rajer.
till! IlS II~
Service ammunition

Shell, fixed, II EI, 1\1k. I, w/fuze, percussion,

SOlpcrRcnRiti vc. _____ (Im":J
DA, No. 253, 1\1k. I/A/, 20-mm automatic
gUllS M 1 and M2.

Shot, fixed, AP, 1\175, w/tracer, 20-mm auto- Nonc _

matic guns 1\11 and 1\12. o.j
Practice ammunition

Shell, tixeel, practice, 1\1k. I, 20-mm automatic

guns 1\11 and 1\12.
Nonc______________ J""
----------'----------"---.
B "1~III.h .. pl~l" '"oo,,,"~y. ~
20. Preparation for firing.-The complete rounds as iSS1WC!11"
ready for firing, it being necessary only to load the rounds into t11~
feederprovided with the gun (see pars. 5 and 6). ,
21. Shell, fixed, HEI, Mk. I, w Ifuze, percussion, DA, N o. 25~
Mk. I/A:!, 20-mm automatic guns M1 and M2.-111is cOlllplO

28
 TM 9-227
20-:MM AIRCRAFT GUN MATERIEL l\:I1 AND M2 21-2.5

O\lnd sh ' ' '!. d II'

~ , own In figure 16, consists of a pnmer an a pr0Pe mg
lnrge contained in a cartridere case which is crimped rigidly to a
lZpd p
-t' , t'lI e, the fuze beingb of the supersensItIve
rOJec , ,
type. Th e pro-
~IC .lIe ,onams
c t' 0,03 pound of high explOSIve ' an d' 111eend'lary fill er.
~~eround is 7,19 inches loner and weighs 0.57 pound. The propelling
11 ,11' o'e 'I b
I 2 to> wmg 1S 0.07 pound,
[12. Shot, fixed, AP, M75, w /tracer, 20-mm automatic guns
~' and lVI2.-The projectile of this round is of solid steel. It con.
II 1~8 a tracer and is similar in shape to the hirrh-explosive incendiary
1'0 ' ,--,'
hll~ectIIe, The weight of the projectile is 0.37 pound; the propelling
23ge, 0.07 pound; and the complete round, 0.64 ponnd.
~lld. Shell, fixed, practice, Mk. I, 20-mm automatic guns Ml
h•. _lY.r2,- This round, figure 17, consists of a primer and a propelling
Il'a~ge contained in a cartridge case which is crimped rigidly to a
[)oJe?tile. The projectile of this round, used for practice purposes,
~,lltuln' s no explOSIve and has no fuze. The proJectl . "1 e IS
' sIml
.'1 ar In'
'i:1~e and ballistic properties to' the point-fuzed high-explosive incen-
)11,II Y!). rOJectI
. '1e described in paragraph 21. T 1le roun d. IS, 723. mc Iles
o g and weighs 0.56 pound. The propelling charge weighs 0.07
undo
124. Fuze, percussion, DA, No. 253, Mk. I/A/.-This fuze,' a
t' Petsen 't" h .'"--"1'
. Sl Ive type, IS shown assembled to t e proJect! e m gure 16. fi
1r~~1(~1~signe.d to funct,ion on ~mpact witl~ targets such as airpl~ne
'I'll] .es, wInch offer lIttle resIstance. LIke other fuzes used wIth
l{~~caliber ammunition, this fuze is classifiNI as nonboresa.fe. See
,' 0.>0-10 for the definition of boresafe fuzes, and regulatIOns for
I11\0" ,
lb In tIme of peace.

~~.aution: Fuzes will not be disassembled. Anj. attempt to dis-

)kr~hle fuzes in the field is dangerous and is prohibited except under
pClfi d..
25 c lrectlOns of the Chief of Ordnance.
\' . Packing and marking.-a. Pacl..-ing.-The ammunition for
I!o; gu'
120' n IS pac I(Cd 10 rounds per fiber carton, figure 18, an d 12 cartons
)1] r.ounds) per sealed metal-lin~d packing box, figure 19. The
t
1 Wlng data are considered representative for estimating weight
( VOlume requirements:
rolu1I1e
Weight (cubic
(poulld.~) teet)
(1m 1
!) pete round, lIEI, w /0 packing materiaL---- 0.57
o;nplete round, AP, W/0 packing materiaL----- 0.64
!Onrh~te round, practice, w /0 packing materiaL- 0.56
~ n~I
rounds in fiber containers in metal-lined
acking box_________________________________ 94. 5 1. 40
TM 9-227
25

0
:2 0
<.) lD
<t <:t
.-J 0
CD
a.
z ....
<{
I 0::

i~-l
<.?
z I
.., :J,.,.
___ :J..
l\.l
I

j
~
~ I -' .-<
,.,.
,
l'

~ I
~)
;::
) ;::
tlJ
C
LJJ
" .~
0:: ~
~;::
~
I s
(!)
Z
(j)
.-J .L.- s
o <t
C-
Cl
<t
0
~
.-J Z --:
LJJ
lJ.. (f) (f)
0 -0:::
<t ~.
0:: w
0
<.) ,.,.
<!
LJJ <!
0
1.L
(!)
-[ ~
,7
>- ...J 0 .cO; ;1
0
z a n:: 0> 0
<! Z ~- y;
<t ex
(f) <! .;
.-J n:: <-)
~
<! W
I.J
~ CD
~ (.... ~
Z :::J -' .8
z l.
(f)
-0::
t-
C'
~ ~
LJJ
0
.-J
:::

~
0::
:::J Z
?
Z
<l.
g
<.)
<t
l-
,.;
1.L.
:::J
Z
~ ...L
OJ
~
CJ

'.c::
Z .!: -I
<1:' :2
:2 <! ,,;) ~
-:;.
I
.....

----*-
.)
 TM 9-227
20-l\'IM AIHCHAFr!, GUN l\'IATI~;HII':L .\11 :\:\"I) .\12
25

~i
--.
~
--.
I.

r\ 1 -
, 1-_
..
-.I -:;';
.lJ
u
()
r..f) (r,
-
cr
n:
W ()
I
.,
?

« C
W ." ~
..
IJJ
(
_J
(j}
oj .:.::
C
()
u: --.
2 r :.!
::r
1
(r
~ .-
(J)
j Ct
ltJ t
CO
b
.~ 2:
.....)

(f)
;:- ~ .~

cr
lI.J
b J
V
-
cr a "/

...) Z ?
f- a
c'
<t L
lL. Z 'w
:.:
::> ::>
2:
o<J"
~
"":;:
~
-
..:.,
4.

.)
 TM 9-227
26 20-MM AIHCRAFT GUN MATERIEL Ml AND 1\12

LOT NUMBER
MANUFACTURER'S INITIALS
MONTH AND YEAR PACKED

FIGURE 18.-I'llcklng carton and lilt! rklng for I1Illll1uillUon for 20-111111 uutolllntlc).
1\11 11tH} 1\1~.

m,~~ •.-Con"gnO', ,on,"noo, and ,hll'plng "'k'" n",,,hn, "'0' be omlttnd on 'o,'"od I

32 i
 TM 9-227
20-MM AIRCRAFT GUN MATERIEL Ml AND M2
2~

33
 TM 9-227.
25-28 20-Ml\f AIRCRAF'r GUN MATERIEL M1 AND
1\12 .j'

Vo
Wci.qht (ell
(liOllnd8) f
120 AP rounds in fiber containers in metal-lined
packing Lox ~ 103
120 practice rounds in fiLer containers in Inetal-
lined packing Lox 93.3
Over-all dimensions of the packing' b(;x, 17:xi by
13}16 by 101%2 inches.
b. Marldng.-(I) The marking on cartons and packing boxe.
shown in figures 18 and 19. t
(2). A. blue .band pain~e~l on packing boxes indicates that the I'
contams practIce ammumtlOn.
26. Field report of accidents.-Any serious malfllnctiOll~ of
munition must bl' promptly reported to the ordnance officer Ull
whose supervision the materiel is maintaine(l (see par. 7, An 4')~301

SF.CTI<JNVIII

~IECIL\XIS~I, FEED, 20-1\I~I, 1\11

Pnrl!
Gpnpral ~ -
Dpscription and fUlIctiollillg . . -
Oppration ~
Disass"mhly awl assemhly ~
Ma Ifunet ion and COl'rpet iOll ~
Care a wI prl'Sen'atiOlL :.. -

27. General.-There are two methods of feeding the 20-mrn Ill

rnatic gUllS )11 allll ~I~: the mechanism, feed, 20-ll11n, Ml; alld

l
magazilll', GO-round, 20-mm, 1\11.
28. Description and functioning.-a. Description.-(I) l\ft
anism, feed, 20-mm, )11, can be uSNl with all 20-mm guns ~I1 ana
The mechanism is operated by a spring- the tension of which is 111:
tailwd by the recoil of the gUll. It is m~Hle for either left-hand,
right-hand feed. . , '
(2) The belt is made up of links; the loops of which are opel',
one side to perm; t dis; nteg-ra t inn.a ft<~I'the J'Ollnd has been wit IIlII'J
a distance approximately equal to the wi(lth of a link As t hc,
tridge is uisengag-e<1, the link is pushed off sidcwanl. The links
shapeu to permit the belt to be made up fOl' eitlwr left-hand 01' ri~
hand feed. The single loop of the last link in the belt is ClOsed
prevent the link from being caught in the mechanism .
.b. Fundioning.-(l) TIll' belt feell nwchanism consists of an
sembly of sprockets on a shaft, the sprockets engaging the rOlllld~
- • ~\ ~<1 ~
 TM 9-227
20-1\1M AIRCRAFT GUN MATERIEL 1\11 k~D M2 28

[tobelt
l'~ ' '1(,n'1l a 1so l'oeatmg the lInks' '
aXIally. A s tIe
I": b eIt IS
" mserte d
ll.t the belt guide, the rounds enO"aO"ethe SIJroekets, causing. t.h('
)OC't bb
\c s, shaft,drivilw sprinO" drivinO" slJrilH! hub, and tensioning
II,e Il(t t
rj 0' rotate
b
independently
M' b U

of the rack and actuating segmcllt.

t t.r~\o or three rounds have enO"aO"edthe teeth of the sprockets,
p\('\11

l 1
ens '
'1 ' .1Onlllg ratchet
.1°','tll
~~:, VI Il rawn,'
b M
pawl will 1Jrevent the belt from fallmg out or
The loading is completed by rotatmg
•

" the tenslOU-

)t ;ttchet, with a wrench; this tends to wind up the driving spring,
l,\ "lie SPl'l, ng, reacting on the band brake in the spring case" rotates
I (2). k I'lft ,an( 1 feed sprockets to feed in the belt.
I

lidO', As the belt is carried around by the feed sprockets, the -car-
~Hr~es contact a cam surface in the front coyer and arc pushed to the
Ilk' ~'eleasing the Irounds from the links. The ,rounds' eilgage the
Ie ('~(~ctorcausing it to rotate, and the points on the ejector engage
l'l 11I1<1<1le of the freed link and push it outward. The double loops
~~r ,~gainst the link ~hute cover spring, ,Yhich acts as a fulcrum, and
sInrrl 1
:o]>s 0~ e oop IS ~oved
' clear of the next cartn 'd ge w~t 'I 1 t,IIe, d o~ bl e
hI "f the next lmk. ; ,The pivotal moyement of the hnk IS hnllted,
1(' ltengagement of the single loop with the round is preYented by
~kOutwanl movement of the double 1001)S of the ~lext link. The
II 's tl ' ,
)1<1, lell fall away from the link chute. A sprmg loader plunger
llln\ t,he link, ejector in position ready to be eng~lged by the next
('~I In the bolt.
)I'~l~l VVhell the first two rounds are no longer supported by the feed
'~et<: {ets they are guided into the mouth by the ramp on the link
hie;)lI' l~raeket, having pushed flside the ~prillg' loaded feed leyers
'h, wlthdraw the last round retainer. TIlt' fe('d leyers are partly
rl..,tllllC(1 b y t l'len' sprmg , and bear. on the second round to hold the
., 1'01
Ilj, ' llH I at the bottom of the mouth ready for loading in tlw gun.
lj,:I.t,lon of the tensioning ratchet, after the first two rounds have

)tl:~:~~;
11.(1 <<1 the mouth, ,,'inds up the driving' spring, the reaction of which,

I\V' '.
the, ,medium of the band brake, has a tenllellcy to furtllPf
Ie shaft and feed sprockets. The sprin~ is }H'evented from
1 tIlIHll1lg by the tensioning ratchet pawl which engages the teeth
l(~ periphery of the tensioning ratchet. .
h~ll'I'I';,-'l'
. h(~ driving spring cun he fully wound wltbout risk of fracture; over-
1lll
llg of the spring causes the band brake to slip.

}I'I~) '\Then the gun is fired, the breechblock, as it trayels forward,

'jv"\"'S tJ,Ie b. ase of the cartridge case in the bottom of the mouth,
,lJllr ""' t"ll~
'01' J" round mto the chamber. \
.J. s cae 1I roHn<1 lS
' remoyed
Il the mouth, the driving spring, through the medium of the band

__________ -sI
35
 TM 9-227
28-29 20-MM AIRCRAFT GUN MATERIEL Ml AND M2

brake and spring case, causes the shaft and feed sprockets to 1
and feed another round into the' mouth. ':
( 5) 'Vhen the gun recoils, the rack operating lever roller rid
the incline on the front of the magazine slide and lifts the"
further movement being given to the rack by the incline on the
The rack rotates the actuating segment which, in turn, rotate
tensioning ratchet to rewind the spring. ,
NOTE.-This feed mechanism is spring-operated by the spring tem'lion
is maintained by the recoil of the gun. This m(>ans that the gun, besides 1
to compress its own recoil spring, has an additional amount of work
It is necessary to compensate for this additional work so as to keep the
stroke of the gun constant. It takes a recoil of about 0.787 inch to ol
the feed properly. When using this feed, therefore, the initial compt
of the recoil spring should be reduced by the amount necessary to aHo'
gun to r~'Coil tar enough to operate the feed properly. This adjustment
be made for each gun after it is mounted.' ~
29. Operation.-a. To makeup. belt for right-hand feed:'
Lay the links along the bench, with their open si(les up and wit1
double loops to the right, the single loopf:!being positioned beC
the double loops.t
(2) Insert a round into the loops and push it forward. The
link, at the left-hand end of the belt as laid out in (1) above, 1
be of the special pattern provided, that is, with a closed single 1
(3) Check the position of the cartridges relative to the links. j
distance from the base of the cartridge case to the front edge 0'
double loop should lJe 3.80 inches.' j
(4) Test the belt for flexibility by lifting the left-hand looP
drawing it along the back of the belt to the right. Any faulty;
will cause the belt to "kink" instead of folding over smoothly. '
link which does not hinge freely must be removed and replaced
another, and the test repeated. ' ,
(5) Repeat the above test, starting with the right-hand lin~J
drawing it over to the left. If a stiff link is found, it must lJf
placed and both right-hand and left-hand tests repeated. 'I
(6) Test the belt fo.r enlarged links by allowing it to hang bY,
end, and twisting the lowest link until resistance is felt. 1/.
belt breaks, the faulty link must be removed and replaced by nI1(f
and all tests repeated. J;'

(7) The leading double loop must have a cartridge in it. '.
b. To make up belt for left-hand feed.-The same proeedtl
followed as in making up a right-hand feed belt except that'
position of the links is reversed. Double loops are to the left,.
the special end link is at the right-hand end. 1
!
36 i
 'TM 9-227
'I 29
20-MM AIRCRAF'l' GUN 'MATERIEL Ml AND M2

J. IS .'
C T0 load g'ltn.-(l) Cock the gun and set the~ safety catch of the
~I elir COy er assem . bl y to sa f e pOSItIOn.
. .
/.U (2) Insert the mouth of the belt feed mechanism into the slot in
I t Ie magazine slide, allowinO"the catch plate at the rear of tile mouth
I
.' on t I1C magazme
I'j 0 rest . latch. h
.
'1 (3) Press dm.;vnon the front end of the belt feed mechanism and
j f)Ush
. it f or war d to engage the transversely proJectmg
., .
pms at t1Ie
, sIt.oInt of the mouth with the hook-shaped projections on the magazine
), Ie e.
'Of (4) Engage the magazine latch with the catch surface at the rear
the mouth. Make sure that the mechanism is properly secuI'ed.
~
th O1'E.-The rack roller should be just clear of the bottom of the incline on
e Operating lever. . .
tl (5) Insert the belt into the belt guide of the feed mechanism with
'ole double looi) of the link leading, cartridges pointed forward, and
P(~nsides of the links towaru the mouth. Push the belt in as far
as POssible by' hand.
d (G) Turn the tensioning ratchet with a wrench. This action
\ ,;aws the belt into the feed mechanism; two links will be ejected
tV le~lthe belt has Teached its proper position. Continue turning the
1
11':;lsl.oning ratchet until the spring is fully tf.'llsioned. This will
!Un'c two or three complete turns. ------
f' (7) The gun is now ready to fire when the safety latch is moved
I
10m the SAFE position.
d. To reload gun.-(l) Place the safety lever in SAFE position
r
1
I U}lU proceed as in c, above. Note that only one link will be ejected,
Its
one round is always retained in the mechanism.
l th(~2~ A. ne\~ belt can be joined to a party eXl1endedbelt by removing
1)" specml hnk from the end of the partly expended belt and cou-
t) ~ng the two belts together with an ordinary link. Care must be
I J,n.\ento check the position of the rounu which has been inserted to
Ol!l the belt.
e. 7'0 unload gun.-(l) Set the safety catch to SAFE.
(2). Disengage the maO"azine slide latch and lift the rear of the
If~tf.
1 .eetl mechanism. 'Pull e
the mechanism rearward and remove .'
it
ll'oJn the gun. If the breech is open and the chamber is clear, re-
t~~ltse the breechblock. If the breech is closcJ, cock the. gun, see
lat the chamber is clear and relea~ the breech block.
f (3) Break the belt ne:tr the belt guide by withJrawing a r~und
f l'om the links. Hemove the rounds from the mouth by pushing them
l~rward with a blunt, wood instrument such as a hammer handle.
tnay be necessary to apply further tension to the driving spring

37------ 111
 ™ 9-227
29-30 20-MM

during this operation.

AIRCRAFT GUN MATERIEL

Do not drop cartridges as they are remoV

Ml AND M2
I
.

To remove the last rounel from the mouth it will be necessaryi

disengage the last round retainer by operating the feed lever'throll'
the link chute. . J
30. Disassembly and assembly.-a. Disas8embly.-(1) life
anism.-Remove the three hexagonal head screws, located near ~
bottom of the front and rear covers, at each end of the mouth. ~
move the nuts and lock washers from the tie rods. The frollt eof
and rear cover can be plllIe<1 off forward and rearward, resp('ctiv~:
The case will snap outward when the covers are released, and 1
mouth will drop off. The shaft assembly will remain in the ell.
Remove the small pins (A2595G) which fasten the springs throll'
the case near the rear of the lower right side. The shaft assel11b
may now be removed from the case. . I
(2) Front cover grol'JJ.-(a)
ratchet have not been withdrawn
If the hub, actuating segment,
from the cover on the end of
a't;
shaft, they may be pushed out rearward. Remove .tLe hexagoJ1,
head screw from the front of the cover to release the rack asscmbl;
rack spring, and rack spring guide, which will be forced from t~
recess in the cover. IIold the rack in place while removing tlw sere"
then release slowly. Remove the screw slotted plug from the uPll
side of the cover; this releases the ratcll.~t pawl and ratclwt, 1':11
spring, which may be withdrawn. The ratchet pawl retaining scrl
may now be removed from the front sllrface of the cover. I
(b) To disassemble hub, segment, and ratchet, drive out Ule rf
(A25'955) which is located in the smooth cylindrical portion of t~
ratchet. This releases the hub, and the actuating segment, thft !:
spring, and driving spring case cover may be withdrawn from tll
shaft in that order. ,
(3) Ella/t aS8cmbly.-Drive out the pin (A25950) to release tll
collar at the rear of the shaft. The real' feed lever, real' fel
sprocket, front feNl lever, center fee<l sprocket, and ejector ass('mJ}
may be withdrawn in that oI'<ler. Drive out pin (A25950) whic!
fastens the front [red sprocket assembly to the shaft if it is ncce!
sary to remove the sprocket. This will release the shaft key. 1
(4) Tie rod.- 'Yithdra wing of the tie rod will release the lil1
chute cover. ' 'I
NOTE.-Parts rivete(l
ordnance personnel only.
at assemhly should he .separated and replll('pd j~
o. A,Ysembly.-(l) Slw/t and components 0/ snaft alISellI1J17j.
(a) If the front feed sprocket aSS~:bIY (IHG3MO) has been relll~Vl
 TM 9-227
20-MM AIRCRAFT GUN MATERIEL Ml AND M2 30

{~~~ the shaft (BIG3523), it should be slipped 6n the shaft, located

I ~~ (.A25942) and fastened by driving a pin (A25950) through
the
Ishaft slung and shaft. Put the ejector a~sembly \BI(3533) on the
1~'(]1' to the rear of the front sprocket, wIth the eJector to the left.
I
ill) Ow tllIS . WIt. I1 the center feed sprocket assembly (B163539) bush-
II'N. g •to tl 1e rear; the front feed lever assembly (BIG353G), last round
I
hh
;tl;1er to the right; rear feed sprocket assembly (BIG3541)', hush-
'as~, 0 the rear; rear feed lever (BIG4518A); and fasten the entire
,sclllbly b Y pllllllllg
(A2~ " the collar (A25G35) to t I1e sIf' Ul t WIt
h a pIn.
;)950) .
hUb(b) T 0 assemble ratchet, segment, and other components to the
lllll ' place the driving spring case cover (A2593G) on the shaft of the
(I~~'G:f~llowed by the t hr118t spring (A25973), actuating segment
\vin 3;~22A), and ratchet (BIG351A). Pin the ratchet to the hub
1 Inn (.1\25955).
(1\(;: Fr'o~d cover' and components.-(a) Insert the rack spring
1'llel.d~71~ 1Jl the recess in the rack assembly (A2;j978). Insert the
l'ec,\ Sprmg guide (.1\25941) in the spring. Place this unit in the
I'll ,~~s ~n'ovided for it in the front cover. Line up the teeth of the'
s/ \, 1l'ont to rear, and fasten it in place with the rack retaining
~I ew (A2G9GG).
I's ~b) Insert the hex a O'onal end of the ratchet, with parts assembled
tJt. In b ( 1) (b) above, thr011O'h t'"l
the central bore of the front cover from
Uar.Ie re ~
I<..ngage the teethb of rack and segment. The first tooth on
8('.Le f' aelC mJUst engage between tlte first and second teeth 0/ the
Yment.
(] (0) Ineert the te.nsioning ratchet pawl (.\25918) in the bore near
R~~,toP of the cover. Aline the pawl and insert the pawl ret:.\ining
(~cw (A259G7) from the front of the cover. Insert the pawl spring
l'l\t~~9.7 4) on. top of the pawl and close the bore with the pawl
, tHUng sIn'in fr plu 0' (A25958)
h] ('3). },feellanis1J~.-(a)
h h •
To complete assembly of the mechanism,
1,(°0 \: the last round retainer spring (A25972) to the stud on the last
On)llllu leamer,'t . and the rear feed lever spnng . ~
(.A2~9G8) to the lug'
llL', the rear feed lever. Place the shaft and components, as
,~s('tnblCu
~hOlll .] ll:
. b(l) (a) above, in the case ass(lmply (D3G375); belt guide
foIl>" (11 proJect to the right when assembled. Slip the ends of the
lr\ I.I. 11gstlll'(.mgh the small slots provided in the case below the belt
b 1' an l1 f asten WIth
!-> lie (l .. pms (A2595G).
\\T' (,J Place the front cover, asspmuled as in (2) abovp, on the for-
dI end of the shaft, and real' cover assembly (BHi:35:31) on the

...
 TM 9-227
\
30-32 20-MM AIRCRAFT GUN MATERIEL Ml AND M21

rear end of the shaft. Compress the case until the tie rods (A2596~
can be inserted through the drilled ears of the covers. I
NOTE.-One tie rod forms the hinge pin for th(~ link chute cover. It maY
easier to attach this rod before the covers are assembled. )
(c) Slip the mouth (D3G374) into position, the slanted end town
the rear. Compress the case until the edges enter the grooves in tt
flanges of the mouth and in the front and rear covers. Fasten the ~
rods using lock washers (BECXIE) and nuts (A259GG), antI ins~
the screws (A25964) and (A259G5) at the fron.t and rear, respective:
with lock washers (BECXIG), to fasten the mouth to the covers.
NOTE.-The last round retainer should extend downward within the mOl}
the notch In the end of the link ejector bracket should engage the right ed!
of the mouth; and the rear feed lever should extend downward, to the rih~
of the rear feed lever stoP'l
31. Malfunction and correction.
Mal{u'11ction Cause Cor"cction ~
a. Failure to feed. a. Insufficient recoil a. Adjust recoil ~
to maintain proper gun. N
spring tension.
b. Failure to feed b. Jamming of car~ b. Check posit.ion~
when recoil is suffi- tridge again~t ramp in belt links on cartridg :
,
cient to ill a i n t a i n front cover-due to
proper spring tension. improper assembly of ~
belt. i1
!j
32. Care and preservation.-a. Lttbrication.-(l) All movi~
parts should be oiled through the mouth by inverting the meclllLnis~
(2) Oil, lubricating, for aircraft instruments and machine gUll' (
U. S. Army Specification No. 2-27, latest issue, will be used :f0 j
lubricating the belt feed mechanism. '
(3) No heavy oil or grease should be used. :1
b. Oleanliness.-(l) The belt feed mechanism should be kept £1'1
from dirt and grit. 'Vhen it is not in use, steps should be taken t'l
prevent the accumulation of excess dust and other foreign mattll
in the mechanism. ,
(2) Before using a new mechanism and aftcr each scssion of VI t
ing, the mechanism should be thoroughly washed out with solvel1(
dry-cleaning, without disassembling, and oiled as prcscribed Itbo~t
If the mechanism is to be stored the interior and the unpaintt~d SIllt
faces of the exterior shoul<1be washed with dry-clcaning' solvent g~1 (
covered. with light lubricating oil. The mechanism Rhould the'
be wrapped in paraffined paper as a protection against moi~t gir t
- ,40
 TM 9-227
I 20-MM AIRCRAFT GUN MATERIEL 111 AND M2
32-33

lT f ..:
se
[)]eteOdi
greases and semisolid rust-preventives will re~uire the rOlll-
I sassembly of the mechanism for thorough c1eanmg before use.
I
I SEC'rIOX IX
:MAGAZINE, GO-HOUXD, 20-~1~1, )11
\'~('I'l ' Para/:raph
)1)l'l'a~t1on and functioning .. ---------------- 33
.)i"nss('l(~:~---------------------- ----- - -- - --- -------- ------------ 34
Italf\ y and asRembly ---------- 85

'al'e l~l~:;O~~re::~vaCt~::~~c_t~~~=========
=======:.=~========================== :~
~O~3. Description and functioning.-The mag-azine, GO-round,
L'l>rn~, !f1, is an alternative to the mechanism, feed, 20-mm. ::\11, for
l
'~0 w 1tl1 the 20-mm automatic
0\,,' guns ~1l and :M2. It consists of the foI-
)l1t ~ng main parts: front and real' plates with tie rods (through holts),
~vitler cas'lllg, mout l'1 WIth throat plate, sprmg . alH1 spnng
. .
casmg
,ViUl front plate disk and tensioning tube, and feed arm axis tube
:llhe~ feed arm bracket, feed arm plate, link, axis bush, a.nd platform

1)':'Front and rear plates wit1~tie rods.-The front ancI rear plates
:i l~f cast steel and are held rigid against the outer casing by the
e
')11 tlod:, ,:hich are secured with single coil spring washers and nuts.
')' le lllslde of the plate are Sl)irals ,,,hich forIll g-uides for the anlllHllli-
r , . Tongues and grooves are formed on the edges of the plates.
'%
o
111 ]the attachment of the mouth. A hole in the rear plate (1('('0)}1-
lut<I( a 1 es
.' tl 1e f ee(I al111
'. aXIs tube, w 1'1
11 e t I Ie sprmg
.' casmg., IS ac('ommo-
'll- ~~.11l the front plate. A window is provid('d in the rear plate to
,~ e the ammunition to be inspected during loa(ling.
If . ~u,ter casing.-The outer casing consists of a band, tll(' elHls
:h ,"'~llch fit against the mouth and are held in position by two of

~t e be rods.

')('i,On b
lIfouth with throat plate.-The mouth is a bronze ca~ting with
O'Ue .t• t eac
. I1 en.d to mate WIt . I1 those on t I1e en<1pates,
I t Iu. mOllt I1
vid'd II (r seCl 1re<] t 0 t 1Ie end plates 1ly WOlltl'1 pillS. '1' WO plllS
. are PI'O-
i<l ( at the front of the mouth to. engage the hook-~h(lJ)('d )ll'oj<'e-
'0(::8 on the magazine carrier. At the rear is a catch pi('ce for
io""<lgement with the magazine catch when the magazine is in posi-
~ol~ ~1l the gun. A throat plate is rin'ted to one side of the lllouth
)1' ¥lude the ammunition into the spiral when loaJing the magazine,
d'Into tl~e mout h when loadmg . the gun. '.
'~,b' 8pTmg and spring casing with front plate disk and ten8ioning
e.-The outer end of the spring, which is of clock pattern, engages
...............
 ™ 9-227
33-34 20-Ml\I AIRCRAF'l' GUN MATERIEL Ml AND M2
J. •

a spring anchor plate which is secured to the spring casing by se:

rivets. The spring- casing is held in position in the front plate 1
the magazine by the front plate disk, which is secured by se'.
screws. The inner end of the ~pring is anchored to the tensioni~
I
tube, which fits over the end of the feed arm axis tube and projel
through a bronze bush in the front plate disk. IIoles are drilled'
the outer end of the tensioning tube for the tensioning- tube pin o~
for insertion of a bar. Tension is applied to the spring by inserti.
a bar in the hole and rotating it in a counterclockwise direetio
The pin which connects the tensioning tube to the feed arm af
tube is then inserted, thus transferring- the tension to the Jattf.1I' tur
e. Feed arm axi8 tube with feed arm braclcet, feed arm plate, lilt
axi'S bU8h, and platform tube.-The fee<l arm axis tube proje!
through the rear plate and is secured by a collar with pin of
washer. The tube is drille<} at the other end for the tensioning- tl1
pin. The feed arm bracket is attached to the feed arm axis tl1
by two taper pins. Grooves are cut in the bracket to accollllllod/
the feed arm plate which extends radially across the llIag-azill<~. 11
plate slides in the bracket as the feetI arm axis tube rotates, tlw radj:,
moyement of the plate being- limited by a stop which is secured!
it by two screws. At the end remote from the stop, the fel'd at'
plate is enlargetI and tIrilled for the axis bush of the feed a I'm lif
which carries the platform or follower. aile en<l of the axis bd,
carries a roller which is held in position by a collar secu1'('d bY
taper pin. The roller follows the spiral as the feed arm rotate
and controls the movement oT the feed arm plate in the IH'llcke
One end oT the platform tube carries a roller which is held in }lositic
by a collar secured by a taper pin. This roller follows the spiral'
the feed arm rotates, and the platform or follower supports the llf
round in the magazine. :
f. Functioning.-Initial tension is applied to the spring <lm.i~
assembly, and, when the magazine is to be used, further ten~..;jonl
applied progressively during the loading opt'rations. The tcnsioJI{
spring, acting- through the tensioning tube, feel} arm axis tube, 11~,
feetl arm, maintains the platform or follower in contact with the Ill'
rounu, and insures that a round is al ways in position in the magazif
mouth. .As soon as this rounu is ImHle<l, the next round is b/'()I1f.!
into position by the spring.
34. Operation.-a. To load 1naf1(lzine.-{1) If the magazine lJl
been <lismantle<l initial tension mllst he appJipd as follows:
{(f) Place the magazine in the holder or other suitable rt'1n ini~
device.
I

~
 TM 9-227
20-MM AIRCRAFT GUN MATERIEL 1\:11 A.'\'"D M2 34

(b) Rotate the magazine until the follower is i~ the mouth.

t (c) .Mount the bar throt1O'h the end of the tensioning tube and
directIOn untl t 1Ie sprmg
of11 rn it i n a counterclockwise l-..l . .
gIves a ] oa( I
of 10 to 10Y2 pound feet. This requires usually about three-quarters
the turn.
(d) Insert the tensioning tube pin and secure it with a cotter pin.
t! (2) Using the bar through the hole in the tensioning tube, turn
Ie tube slightly counterclockwise to lower the platform, and allow
II round to be inserted .
,(3) Insert a round base first into the mouth of the magazine and
I
)')ltsh I't agam8t . the rear plate. Ease the bar and msuJ'(' . that the
GUIld. is in correct position, that is, flush against the rear plate.
I' (4) Turn the bar sli crhtly counterclockwise to lower this first
GUIld, and insert the seco~d round in the same manner.
t ~5) He peat this operation until the magazine is full, taking care
ifo Ills Ure contact between the platform or follower and the first round
b (.I N 0 f urther tenSIOn
l~eI'te .' WIll be apphe. d to. t 1"Ie sprlllg.
;_To unload m.agazine.-(l) Place the magazllle on the holder ..
I' \ (~) Pass the bar through the holes in the tensioning tube, and
st1!Jove the pressure from the round in the mouth by rotating the tube
lo'htl -
~3 y, counterclockwise.
( ) Hemove the rouml from the mouth, taking'care not to Jrop it.
lh \4) To remove successive rounds, gradually ease the bar, remuving
l\e I round as it is brono'ht into position in the mouth.
(2
c l'
0 load gwn.-(l)
~
Cock the gun.
e) Set the pneumatic sear release unit to SAFE .
•3) Set the firing button to SAFE.
Of (4-) Take a full magazine and engage the two pins at the front
II' the,mouth with the hook-shaped projections at t]ll' frollt of the
)' 1,\lr'IZ
~(.I' He carner. Operate the magazllle • catc 1]I ever all<I press t 1le
('ar of tl Ie magazme ., mto pOSItIOn.
..
(5) Helease the macrazine catch lever.
\\" (G) T est the security b
of the magazine by trying' to remove it
l~ho~lt operating the I;1agazi.ne catch lev:r. ..
(~) 10 unload gun.-(l) Pomt the gun III a safe dIrectIOn .
...) Cock the gun '
(1) .
• Set the safety catch to SAFE.
((4-) Hemove the man'azine by operating magazine catch lever.
./)) F'~Ire the gun. b
(G)7 -lOC .]-\. t 1le g-un and fire ag-am.
(' .
( ) 'rhe gun is now unloaded.

!tn
TM 9-227
3~-37 20-MM AIRCRAFT GUN MATERIEL 1\[1 AND M2

35. Disassembly and assembly.-a. DI8a8sembly.-(1) W

lease the tension from the spring as follows: j
(a) Place the magazine in the holder, taking care to insure th:1
the mouth is uppermost and that the nut on lower tie 1'0(1 enters tlJ
locating hole in the holder. J
(b) Remove the split pin from the tensioning tube pin. •
(c) Place a bar in the end of the tensioning tube and take tJw Joil
off the tensioning tube pin. J
(d) Remove the tensioning tube pin, and, exercising care, rele3'
the spring. . ~
(e) Remove the washer.'
(2) Unscrew and remove the seven fixing screws and rpmove t}J
front plate disk. . ~
(3) Remove the spring casing, complete with spring awl ten~ionilJr
tube. J
(4) Disengage the outer end of the spring from its anchorage all
remove the spring from the cnsing. Remove the tensioning tllbe. I
(5) Hemove the feed arm axis tube, complete with feed arm aJ/
follower. To enable this to be done it will be necessary to turn t}J
axis tube through a right angle so that the follower will c!par thl
hole in the front plate. )
b. A88embly.-.Assembly is in all cases the exact reverse 0
disa~sembly. I
36. Malfunction and correction. . J'
Jlnlf/(lIrtion Cau:w Correction
Failure to feed. Improper p Iace - See that all roun(]s 11
ment of rounds in prop(>rly positioned witl
magazine. their bases flush llgaill
rear plate of magazine.:
37. Care and preservation.-a. Lubl'ication.-(l) All moviJl!
parts should be oiled through the mouth of the mechanism. J
(2)Oil, lubricating, for aircraft instrum(>nts and machinp gl1J\
U. S. Army Specification Ko. 2-27, latest issue, will be used at 111
times.
(3) No heavy oil or grease should be used. 1
b. Cleaning.-Before using a new magazine and after each s('ssiOI
of firing, the magazine should be thoroughly washed out with drS
cleaning solvent, without disassembling, amI oiled as prescribed jij
a(l) above. If the magazine is to be stored, it should be washel,
with ory-cleaning "olvent ano cov('reo with a light ]ubricatillg Dill

..,
 TM 9-227
20-MM AIRCRAFT GUN MATERIEL 1\11 AND 1\12 37

ApPEXDIX

LIST OF REFERENCES
1. Standard Nomenclature Lists.-a. Ammunition.
Ammunition, fixed, all types, for pack, light and
b medium field al'tillery------------------------. SNL R-l
. Oleaning and preserving.
Cleaning, preserving, and lubricating materials--- SNL K-l
Soldering, brazing, and, welding materials and
related items SNL K-2
-----------------
c. Gun.
d Gun, automatic, 20-mm, 1111and 1112------------- SNL A-47
a '. OPSI.-Current Standard Nomenclature Lists are
t s. tabulated here. An up-to-date list of SNL's is main-
allled as the "Ordnance publications for Supply Index" - OPSI
2. Technical Manuals and Army Regulations.
Ammunition, generaL--------------------------- T:M 9-1900
Range regulations for firing ammunition in time
of peace . AR 750-10
Cleaning, preserving, and lubricating materials--. T~I9-850
Ordnance field service in time of peace---------- AR 45-30
lA. G. OG2.11(12-8-41) (2-12-42) (2-21-42).] ~
nY ORDER OF THE .
SECRETARY OF 'V AR:
G. C. :MAUSHALL,
Chief of Staff.
OFFICIAL:

J. A. ULIO,
11/ajor Genc-ral,
D . The Adjutant General.
ISTRmUTION:
Dl (2);IBl (2);IRl (2);IBnl (5),9 (2);IC1 (2),9 (4).
(For explanation of symbols see Fl\121-6.)

45

u. S, GOVE~NMENT PRINTING OfFICE: ItU

~ I.'or ~;al,> oy th(> Sup{'rintelluellt of VoCllllwnts. Washington. D. C.