Police Organization and Administration PDF

POLICE ORGANIZATION
&
ADMINISTRATION
ERIC SAWATI CATTE

MSCJ, CCS, CSP, CSMS (PHDCrim-In Progress)
POLICE
 Greek word “Politeia” which means
government of the city.
 Roman word “Politia” which means
condition of the state or government.
 French word “Police” which denotes
authorized people who enforces the
law.
ERIC SAWATI CATTE 2
COPS AND CONSTABLE
 are similar to the word police.
COPoriginally means “to catch or

seize” (european)
ERIC SAWATI CATTE 3

Organization
Is a group of person or individual
having or sharing a common goal.
 It is the structure of individuals
and functions into a productive
relationship.
ERIC SAWATI CATTE 4

FRANKPLEDGE
 Every male over 12 years old join
nine(9) of his neighbor to form a
TYTHINGMEN and has the duty to
apprehend any person who offends
another and deliver that offender
A group of men whose duty was for trial.
 Anyone who failsany
to apprehend to join has severe
person who
punishment.
offends another and deliver that
offender for trial.
ERIC SAWATI CATTE 6
TUN POLICING
 Forerunner of the word “TOWN”.
 All male resident were required to
guard the town to preserve peace and
order, protect life and property and
other factor that disturb the stability of
peace.
ERIC SAWATI CATTE 7

HUE AND CRY
 Complainant goes to the middle of the
community and shout to call all male
residents to assemble. The victim will
report the complaint to the assembly and
indicate the whereabouts of the culprit.
The assembly then proceed to the said
place and apprehend the culprit
ERIC SAWATI CATTE 8

ROYAL JUDGE
He is conducting criminal
investigation and give
punishment fitted to the crime
committed.
This practice started the
identification of criminals.
ERIC SAWATI CATTE 9

TRIAL BY ORDEAL
 Involves the settling of disputes using divine
intervention of God’s judgment.
 It is obsolete and inaccurate because there
is no legal and scientific basis on
determining the innocence or guilt of an
accused.
 Double jeopardy was prevalent during this
period.
ERIC SAWATI CATTE 10
EXAMPLES OF TRIAL BY ORDEAL
 BOILING WATER ORDEAL
 RED HOT IRON ORDEAL
 ORDEAL OF NEEDLE
 ORDEAL OF THE TIGER
 ORDEAL OF THE AXE
 ORDEAL OF THE EUCHARIST

KEEPERS OF THE PEACE by King
Richard (England)
Appointment of Knights to guard
on bridges and gates while
checking the people entering and
leaving the cities and towns.

Keeper’s of the Peace
became the forerunner of
what?
CHECKPOINTS

POLICE ORGANIZATION
 A group of highly trained personnel
working together with the following
goal:
a. prevention and control of crime
b. maintenance of peace and order
c. protection of life and property

Symbiotic relationship
“The police is the community
and the community is the police.”
-Robert Peel

THEORIES IN POLICING SYSTEM
HOMERULE THEORY CONTINENTAL
THEORY
 Policemen are  Policemen are
servants of the servant of higher
community. authority.
 Effectiveness of  They just follow the
policemen depends wishes of top official
on the express wishes of the government.
of the people.
What theory of Policing does
PNP belongs?
HOMERULE THEORY

CONTINENTAL/
Uniformed policemen will go out to the
MODERN SYSTEM
OLD
field POLICING
and patrol for the public to see them
which gives them
The yardstick thefeeling
of the of security
The yardstick and
of police
the elimination
efficiency efficiency
of opportunity
of the to is the absence
commit
crime
policeon the part of theorcriminal.
is determined lesser occurrence of
crimes.
by the number of
arrest.  Police omnipresence is
considered as the tool or
 Punishment is the
instrument in crime
sole instrument of prevention.
crime control.

What does the BADGE symbolizes?
Police Authority
The USA police called their badge as

SHIELD

T.S.A.P.A
To
Serve
And
Protect
Advocacy
What does the Police Uniform
signifies?
It serves as mirror of the police
organization.

What is the best weapon of a
Police Officer?
Knowledge of the Law

LONDON METROPOLITAN POLICE
by Sir Robert Peel
World’s first modern organized
police force which was formed in
London (British Police Force).
It was later called SCOTLAND
YARD

SIR ROBERT PEEL
 THE FATHER OF MODERN POLICING
SYSTEM
 He is the first head of the police
organization in the world.
 In memory of Sir Robert Peel, all
policemen in England are called
BOBBIES.
Jonathan Wild
He is also called as THIEF
CATCHER (“It takes a thief to
catch a thief”)

NEW YORK, USA
 Where the first full time organized
police department in US was made.
Called nowadays as NEW YORK
POLICE DISTRICT.
 NYPD is the largest and oldest police
force in USA.

CARABINEROS DE SEGURIDAD
PUBLICO (Mounted Police)
 Was organized in 1712 for the purpose
of carrying out the policies of the
Spanish government. The members
were armed and considered as the
mounted police.
 Later, they discharged the duties of a
port, harbor, and river police.
GUARDRILLEROS
 Was a body of rural police organized
in each town that was created by the
Royal decree of January 8, 1836. This
police force was composed of 5% of the
able-bodied male inhabitants of each
town or province, and each member
should serve for at least 3 years.

GUARDIA CIVIL
It consisted of a body of Filipino
policemen organized originally in
each of the provincial capitals of
the central provinces of Luzon
under the command of Alcalde
(Governor).

Republic Act Nr. 6975
 On December 13, 1990, Republic Act Nr.
6975 was approved by then President
Corazon Aquino. This law was known as the
DILG Act of 1990 but it was also recognized
later as the PNP Law of 1991.
 This law created the Philippine National
Police and declared it to be the only police
force of the country with national in scope
and civilian in character.

Republic Act Nr. 8551
 On February 25, 1998, Republic Act Nr.
6975 provisions concerning the PNP were
amended when President Fidel Ramos
approved Republic Act Nr. 8551.
 Republic Act Nr. 8551, known as the
PNP Reform and Reorganization Act
of 1998, reorganized the PNP for the
purpose of reforming and
professionalizing it.
NAPOLCOM
Exercises administrative control
and operational supervision
over the Philippine National
Republic Act No. Police.
6040 the
It shall also administer
entrance and promotional
examinations for policemen.

Republic Act No. Republic Act No.
4864 6040
 It otherwise known as  It empowered the
Police Act of 1966. It Police Commission to
was the law created give the appropriate
the office of the examinations for
Police Commission officers and members
(which was later called of local police forces,
National Police with the assistance of
Commission under the the Civil Service
Office of the President) Commission.

COMMISSIONED NON – COMMISSIONED
OFFICER OFFICER
A police officer A police officer

with a rank of with a rank of
police Senior Police
inspector and Officer IV and
higher. lower.

RANK STRUCTURE
(Comparison)
Police Commissioned Officers AFP Commissioned Officers
Director General General

Deputy Director General Lieutenant General
Director Major General
Chief Superintendent Brigadier General
Senior Superintendent Colonel
Superintendent Lieutenant Colonel
Chief Inspector Major
Senior Inspector Captain
Inspector 1st and 2nd Lieutenants
RANK STRUCTURE
(Comparison)
Police Non-Commissioned Officers AFP Non-Commissioned Officers
Senior Police Officer IV Master Sergeant
Senior Police Officer III Technical Sergeant
Senior Police Officer II Staff Sergeant
Senior Police Officer I Sergeant
Police Officer III Corporal
Police Officer II Private First Class
Police Officer I Private

THE LINE ORGANIZATION
 Is the simplest perhaps the oldest
type.
 The channels of authority and
responsibility extend in a direct line
from top to bottom within the
structure. Authority is definite and
absolute.

THE FUNCTIONAL ORGANIZATION
 Unlike the line type of structure,
establishments organized on the
functional basis VIOLATE the prime
rule that men perform best when
they have but one supervisor (they
have 2 or more supervisor).

THE LINE AND STAFF
ORGANIZATION
The line and staff of organization is
a combination of the line and
functional types and is found in
almost all but the very smallest
police agencies today.

It combines line unit and
staff specialist organization
so that service of knowledge
can be provided line AKA “Doer”
personnel
AKA by specialist.
“Supporter” They are the one
They are doing the basic
supporting the mission of the
line units. organization.
2 types of staff
1.Auxillary- immediately
needed
2.Administrative- not
immediate in effect

Q. What type of Organizational
Structure does the PNP
organization belong?
THE LINE AND STAFF ORGANIZATION

SCALAR PRINCIPLE/CHAIN OF
COMMAND
This principle requires a vertical
hierarchy of an organization. This
vertical hierarchy defines the
unbroken chain of units and
command from top to bottom
describing explicitly the flow of
authority.
UNITY OF COMMAND
This scalar principle states
that a group of police officers
should only be under the
control of one superior or
ranking police officer.
SPAN OF CONTROL
This principle states that a
senior police officer should
be provided with men not
more than what he can
effectively direct.
DELEGATION OF AUTHORITY
If you are a Chief of Police, you
must designate some of your
immediate subordinates to
exercise a part of your
administrative power. However, that
power you have passed on carries an
appropriate responsibility.
A framework of the PNP
organization showing the
hierarchy of offices and
positions.
CHIEF, PNP
Number 1 person in PNP
Headed by a Director General

DEPUTY CHIEF FOR
ADMINISTRATION
 Number 2 person in the PNP
 Headed by a Deputy Director General

DEPUTY CHIEF FOR OPERATION
 Number 3 person in the PNP
 Headed by a Deputy Director General

HOW MANY DIRECTORIAL
STAFF ARE THERE IN THE
PNP?
12
Headed by Directors.
12 DIRECTORIAL STAFF
1. Directorate for Integrated 7. Directorate for Logistics
Police Operations 8. Directorate for
2. Directorate for Comptrollership
Information and 9. Directorate for Research
Communication Development
Technology Management 10. Directorate for Human
3. Directorate for Personnel Research and Doctrine
and Records Management Development
4. Directorate for Intelligence 11. Directorate for Police
5. Directorate for Operations Community Relations
6. Directorate for Plans 12. Directorate for Investigation
and Detective Management
Headed by Chief Superintendent
Headed by Chief Superintendent
?
Headed by regional directors with a

rank of Chief Superintendent except in
NCRPO whose regional director has
the rank of Police Director.
Police Regional Offices
Composition:
 Regions 1-3, 5-13 (12 regions)
 CALABARZON (Reg. 4-A)
 MIMAROPA (Reg. 4-B)
 CAR
 NCR
 ARMM

NCRPO’s 5 POLICE DISTRICTS
 Manila Police District
 Quezon City Police District
 Northern Police District
 Southern Police District
 Eastern Police District

Headed by a Provincial Director with a
rank of Senior Superintendent.
Headed by a City Director with a
minimum rank of Police
Superintendent.
Headed by a police with a
minimum rank of Police Inspector.
Manning Level in the PNP
 Police to population ratio
Highly urbanized 1:500-700
city
Component city 1:650-800
Municipalities 1:750-1000

Factors to consider in manning
level:
1. Peace and order condition in a
locality
2. Actual demand of service
3. Class of city/municipality.

The Philippine Constitution
 Article XVI section 6 of the Philippine
Constitution provides that the state shall
establish and maintain one police force, which
shall be national in scope and civilian in
character, to be administered by a national
police commission.
 The authority of the local executives over the
police units in their jurisdiction shall be provided
by law

CITY MAYOR PROVINCIAL
GOVERNOR
CHOOSE CITY CHOOSE PROV.
DIRECTOR DIRECTOR
Five (5) Three (3)
Applicants Applicants

RECRUITMENT
Is the process of attracting
applicants who have the
minimum qualification to be
eligible for the selection
procedure.
SELECTION
Is concerned in screening
out undesirable
candidates after they have
applied and appointing the
best qualified.
1. A citizen of the Philippines
2. A person of good moral character
3. Must have passed the psychiatric or
psychological, drug and physical tests to be
administered by the PNP or by any government
hospitals accredited by the NAPOLCOM for the
purpose of determining physical and mental
health.
4. Must posses a formal baccalaureate degree from
Must be ainstitution
a recognized Registered Criminologist
for learning.
5. Must be eligible in accordance with the
standards set by the NAPOLCOM (Passed the
Police Entrance Examination, CSC)
6. Must not have been dishonorably discharged from
military employment or dismissed for cause from any
civilian position in the government.
7. Must not have been convicted by final judgment of an
offense or crime involving moral turpitude.
8. Height requirement – 5’ 4” (1.62) for male, 5’ 2” (1.57m)
for females or 5’2” for male, 5’0” for females under the
height waiver as provided under RA 8551.
9. Weight requirement – must not be more or less than 5
kgs. of the standard weight corresponding to his or her
height age and sex.
10. Age requirement – for new applicant must not be less
than 21 years of age at the time of application or more
than 30 years of age.
Take note…
 Except for the age and height
qualification, the above enumerated
qualification shall be continuing in
character and an absence of any of
them at any given time shall be a
ground for separation or retirement
from service.

ELIGIBILITIES:
 Must pass the PNP entrance examination which is
administered by National Police Commission
(NAPOLCOM)
 RA 1080
any passer of the licensure examination which
are administered by the Professional Regulation
Commission for PO1.
 RA 6506
any passer of the licensure examination for
criminology is eligible for PO1 to Superintendent.
HIERARCHY OF EDUCATIONAL
ATTAINMENT
BS
degree
Multiple BS
degree
Master’s Unit
Master’s Degree
Bachelor of Laws
Doctorate Unit
Doctorate Degree
What is premier educational
institution for the training of
human resources in the field of law
enforcement (PNP, BFP, BJMP)
Philippine Public Safety
College (PPSC)

Compositions of PPSC:
 National Police College (NPC),
 Philippine National Police Academy (PNPA),
 National Forensic Science Training Institute
(NFTI),
 National Police Training Institute (NPTI),
 National Fire Training Institute (NFTI),
 National Jail & Penology Training Institute
(NJPTI),
 16 Regional Training Centers (RTCs)
ERIC S. CATTE 100
Recommended distribution of
training time by % by area
 Introduction to Criminal Justice System 8%
 Criminal Jurisprudence 10 %
 Human Values and Problems 22 %
 Patrol and Investigation and Procedures 33 %
 Police Proficiency 18 %
 Police Organization and Administration 9%
Total 100%

The In-Service Training Programs
RANKS FOR MANDATORY TRAINING
PROMOTION
PO2 to PO3 Public Safety Basic Recruit
Course
SPO1 to Spo2 PS Junior Leadership Course
SPO3 to SPO4 PS Senior Leadership Course
Inspector PS Officer Candidate Course
Senior Inspector PS Officer Basic Course
Chief Inspector to PS Officer Advance Course
Superintendent
Senior Superintendent PS Officer Senior Executive
to Dir. Gen. 102
APPOINTMENT
A job or position for which
police applicants are selected
to the police service. It is the
designation of a person to an
office or position by competent
authority.
Who will appoint?
POLICE APPOINTING
AUTHORITY
RANKS
REGIONAL DIRECTOR OR
POLICE OFFICER 1 TO THE DIRECTORS OF THE 20
SENIOR POLICE OFFICER 4 NATIONAL SUPPORT
UNITS
POLICCE INSPECTOR TO
CHIEF, PNP
POLICE SUPERINTENDENT
POLICE SENIOR
PRESIDENT OF THE
SUPERINTENDENT TO PHILIPPINES
DIRECTOR GENERAL
Appointment to the career
service shall be either:
1. Permanent
2. Temporary
3. Probationary

Permanent Appointment
 One can only be permanent to the
police service when the requirements
for the position desired, to which he
or she is appointed, are met.
 The applicant able to finish the
required field training program for
permanency.
Temporary Appointment
The applicant passes through
the waiver program as
provided in under R.A 8551

What are the qualifications which
can be waived?
Age
Height
Weight
Education

When can waiver be applied?
When the number of
applicants falls below the
quota.

Probationary
Applicant passes through the
regular screening procedures but is
still undergoing the FTP.

PROMOTION
 Is an increase in the level of authority
due to satisfactory performance.
 It implies that a personnel from a lower
position is placed to a higher
position, thus promotion in the police
service means advancement to a
position of leadership.
Benefits of Promotion?
 Higher salary
salary of the police officers depends
on rank. However, their allowances are
the same disregard of ranks.
 Higher authority
 High morale

Qualifications for promotion
1. Educational background
2. Training on schooling
3. Time in grade
4. Eligibility
Period of time that elapsed since an
officer is appointed to his rank in
permanent status.
 PO2 – from four years to two years as PO1
 PO3- from three years to two years as PO2
 SPO1– three years as PO3 (RETAINED)
 SPO2 – from three years to two years as
SPO1
SPO2
SPO3
ERIC S. CATTE 115
 Inspector -three years as SPO4 (RETAINED)
 Senior Inspector – from four years to three years
as Inspector
 Chief Inspector -from five years to three years as
Senior Inspector
 Superintendent – from five years to three years
as Police Chief Inspector
 Senior Superintendent – three years as Police
Superintendent (RETAINED)
 Chief Superintendent – two years as Police
Senior Superintendent (RETAINED)
ERIC S. CATTE 116
Regular/Ordinary Promotion
 Granted to a PNP personnel who has
successfully passed the
corresponding promotional
examination given by the
Commission, or the Bar, or the
corresponding board examinations for
technical services and other
professions.
Promotion by Virtue of Exhibited Acts
(Special/Meritorious promotion)
Any uniform member of the
PNP who has exhibited acts of
conspicuous courage and
gallantry at the risk of her or
his life above the call of duty,
shall be promoted to the next
higher rank; provided. That
such acts shall be validated by
the NAPOLCOM based on
establish criteria.
POSTHUMOUS PROMOTION
It is given to the PNP
member who dies while on
the performance of duty.

Performance Evaluation Systems
 Used to assess the performance of a PNP
member in terms of his contribution to
attainment of peace and order in his area of
responsibility, skills and competence and
attitudes towards work.
 Refers to the process of measuring the
performance of PNP members.
 Covers all uniformed PNP personnel
 It is also known as “APPRAISAL”.
Performance rating
1. Outstanding 5
2. Very Satisfactory 4
3. Satisfactory 3
4. Unsatisfactory 2
5. Poor 1

How is PNP performance evaluation
conducted?
 The Performance Evaluation in the PNP is
focused on two areas:
 administrative (40%), and
 operational (60 %).
 It is conducted once every 6 months or twice
a year.

Permanent Physical Disability Pay
 A PNP member who is permanently and totally
disabled as a result of injuries suffered or sickness
contracted in the performance of duty as certified by
the NAPOLCOM, upon finding and certification by the
appropriate medical officer, that the extent of the
disability or sickness renders such member unfit or
unable to further perform the duties of his or her
position, shall be entitled to a gratuity equivalent to
one year salary and to a lifetime pension
equivalent to eighty percent (80%) of his or her last
salary, in addition to other benefits as provided under
existing laws.
How is lateral entry affected in the PNP?
 In general, all original appointment for
Commissioned Officers (CO) shall commenced with
the rank of Inspector, such as dentist, optometrist,
nurses, engineers, and graduates of forensic sciences.
 Doctors of Medicine, members of the Bar and
Chaplains shall be appointed to the Rank of
Senior Inspector in their particular technical
services.
 Graduates of the PNPA shall be automatically
appointed to the initial rank of Inspector.
 Licensed Criminologist may be appointed to the
rank of Inspector toCATTE
ERIC SAWATI fill up any vacancy. 125
RETIREMENT
Is the time wherein a PNP
member formally leaves the
service.

1. MANDATORY RETIREMENT
Given to a PNP member upon
reaching the mandatory age
retirement which is 56.
?

2. OPTIONAL RETIREMENT
It is given to a PNP member who
applies for it after having rendered
at least 20 years of satisfactory
service and subject to the approval
of the NAPOLCOM.

Take note:
 In both mandatory and optional
retirement, the retired PNP officer will
have a retirement benefit and monthly
pension for LIFETIME.

3. EARLY RETIREMENT
 It is given to a PNP member who applies
for it after having rendered at least 10
years of satisfactory service and subject
to the approval of the NAPOLCOM.
 TAKE NOTE:
the retiree receives only separation
pay which is computed on a rank 2
ranks higher than his present rank.
MONTHLY
RETIREMENT = % OF BASE PAY + LONGEVITY PAY
BENEFITS

% OF BASE PAY
Base pay increasing by 2.5 % for every year of
service beyond 20 yrs, but not exceeding 90%
for 36 yrs of service.
20  50% 26 65% 31 77.5%
21  52.5% 27  67.5% 32 80%
22 55% 28 70% 33 82.5%
23 57.5% 29 72.5% 34 85%
24 60%
30 75% 35 87.5%
36 90%
25 62.5%

Longevity Pay
 Under RA 6975, PNP personnel are entitled
to longevity pay of 10% of their basic
monthly salaries for every five years of
service but the totality of such longevity pay
does not exceed 50% of the basic pay.
 5-10 years  10 % of base pay every month
 11-15 years 20 % “ “ “ “ “
 16-20 years 30% “ “ “ “ “
 21-25 years40% “ “ “ “ “
 26- and above50% “ “ “ “ “
Lump sum
All retirees can get in advance
the total of his MRB for the first
5 years.

Attrition by Attainment of
Maximum tenure
 Attrition by Attainment of Maximum tenure of
PNP members holding key positions as
prescribed herein:
POSITION MAXIMUM TENURE
 PNP Chief 4 Years
 PNP Dep. Director 4 Years
 Director for Staff Service 4 Years
 Regional Directors 6 Years
 Provincial/City Director 9 Years

Attrition by Relief
A PNP uniformed personnel who
has been relieved for just cause
and has not been given an
assignment within 2 years after
such relief shall be retired or
separated.

Attrition by Demotion in
Position or Rank
 Any PNP personnel, civilian or uniformed,
who is relieved and assigned to a position
lower than what is established for his or
her grade in the PNP Staffing Pattern
and who shall not be assigned to a position
commensurate to his or her grade within 18
months after such demotion in position
shall be retired or separated.

Attrition by Non-promotion
Any PNP personnel who has not
been promoted for a continuous
period of 10 years shall be
retired or separated.

CITIZEN’S BREACH OF
COMPLAINT INTERNAL DISCIPLINE
Any complaint Any offense

by a natural or committed by a
juridical person PNP member
against any affecting order
member of the and discipline
PNP. within the police
organization.
Forum Shopping or Multiple filing
of complaints
As a rule, when an administrative
complaint is filed with a police
disciplinary authority such as the
PLEB, no other case involving the
same cause of action shall be
filed with any other disciplinary
authority. (RA 8551)
Absence Without Official Leave
Contains absences without
officials leave for 30 days or
more by any member under any
of the foregoing shall be a
ground for summary dismissal
from service.
The People’s Law Enforcement
Board (PLEB)
The PLEB is the one of the
disciplinary tool of the PNP that
hear and decide citizen’s
complaints or cases filed before it
against erring officers of the
PNP.
The Disciplinary Appellate Board
it is the appealing body composed of 4 commissioners;
National Appellate Board –

consider appeals from decision of
the C,PNP.
Regional Appellate Board –
consider appeals from decisions of
the Regional Directors, Mayors,
and the PLEB.
Penalties in Administrative cases in
the PNP
 Withholding of privileges
 Restriction of specified units
 Suspension
 Forfeiture of salary
 Reprimand or admonition
 Restrictive custody
 Dismissal from the service

MEDALYA NG KAGITINGAN OR
MEDAL OF VALOR
The highest award given to a PNP
member

BENEFITS OF MEDAL OF VALOR:
1. If the awardee is a PNCO he is promoted to
inspector.
2. If the awardee is a PCO, he is promoted to one
ranks higher.
3. P2O,000 a month for lifetime.
4. If the son/daughter wants to enter PNPA,PMA or
PMMA, they can enter without entrance
examination.
5. If the child do not want to enter the academy, they
can enter any school for free.

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POLICE ORGANIZATION

ERIC SAWATI CATTE

COPoriginally means “to catch or

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The USA police called their badge as

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A police officer A police officer

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Director General General

Senior Police Officer IV Master Sergeant

Senior Police Officer III Technical Sergeant

Senior Police Officer II Staff Sergeant

Senior Police Officer I Sergeant

Police Officer III Corporal

Police Officer II Private First Class

Police Officer I Private

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Headed by regional directors with a

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