Thesis Volume II - Copyrighted Material Edited Out PDF

!"#$%&'#()*+,--%.
%*-,"/,"*
A comparative analysis of the decorated pottery of the second millennium

BC Eastern Mediterranean
Volume II: Bibliography, Tables, Figures and Appendices
Thesis submitted to University College London for the degree of Doctor

of Philosophy in 2014
Anna Panagiotou
1
/%+-0&0(#,"**
I, Anna Panagiotou, confirm that the work presented in this thesis is my

own. Where information has been derived from other sources, I confirm
that this has been indicated in the thesis.
London, 4th July 2014
2
$12345*##6*(7825*19*+1:;5:;<*
!"#$%&'%(")*+,#-------------------------------------.%
!"#$%&'%/012,#------------------------------------33345%
!"#$%&'%670+$#-------------------------------------58%
9"12"&)+0:7;-------------------------------------5<%
/012,#%670:$,+%4---------------------------------333-<<%
/012,#%0=>%670+$#%670:$,+%?----------------------------3<@%
/012,#%0=>%670+$#%670:$,+%A--------------------------33-4??%
/012,#%0=>%670+$#%670:$,+%B--------------------------33-4AC%
/012,#%0=>%670+$#%670:$,+%<--------------------------33-4<8%
(")*+,#%670:$,+%.---------------------------------3354C%
(")*+,#%670:$,+%?---------------------------------33558%
(")*+,#%670:$,+%A---------------------------------335A4%
(")*+,#%670:$,+%B---------------------------------335B8%
(")*+,#%670:$,+%<---------------------------------338C4%
D::,=>"E%D-------------------------------------84.%
D::,=>"E%9-------------------------------------84A%
%
%
%
%
%
%
%
%
%
%
%
%
%
%
%
%
%
%
%
%
%
%
%
3
-=<;*19*>=?3@5<*
+A7B;5@*C*
Figure 4.1: Late Middle Kingdom Qena ware………………………………….......210
Figure 4.2: Middle Kingdom dish with incised decoration on the interior…………211
Figure 4.3: 13th Dynasty Tell el Yahudiya jug…………………..…………………211
Figure 4.4: New Kingdom red and brown painter jar……………...………….……212
Figure 4.5: Blue painted jar from Amarna……………………………...……..……212
Figure 4.6: Polychrome jar from Deir el-Medina. H: 30.5cm……………..………213
Figure 4.7: Late New Kingdom jars with linear decoration (1:4)………..…………213
Figure 4.8: Late New Kingdom pilgrim flask……………………………………… 214
Figure 4.9: Jar sherd with Barbotine decoration. 6.35x5.8cm……………………... 214
Figure 4.10: Kamares cup with impressed and painted decoration. H: 7.7cm…….. 214
Figure 4.11: Marine style Minoan rhyton. H: 31cm.. ………………………………215
Figure 4.12: Palace style jar from Knossos. H: 134.5cm…………………………...216
Figure 4.13: LH IIA jar (1:6)………………………………………………………. 217
Figure 4.14: LHIII A1 jar…………………………………………………………...217
Figure 4.15: LH IIIC panelled krater………………………………………………. 217
Figure 4.16: Incised Red Polished III jug from Kafkalla Deneia………………….. 218
Figure 4.17: White Slip I bowl. H: 11.3cm…………………………………………218
Figure 4.18: White Painted Wheel Made II krater. H: 26.7cm…………………….. 218
Figure 4.19: White Painted Pendent Line Style juglet. H: 12cm…………………... 219
Figure 4.20: Base Ring I juglet. H: 15cm………………………………………….. 219
Figure 4.21: North Syrian/Cilician pitcher with pictorial decoration……………… 220
Figure 4.22: 'Simple Painted' pitcher. ………………………………………………220
Figure 4.23: North Syrian/Cilician painted ware from MB II Ebla………………... 221
Figure 4.24: Levantine Painted Ware from the southern Levant. H left to right:
29.5cm, 32cm, 33.5cm……………………………………………………………... 221
Figure 4.25: Bichrome jug found in Cyprus. H: 20cm……………………………...221
Figure 4.26: Chocolate-on-White ware jars from the Jordan Valley. ………………222
Figure 4.27: Nuzi ware goblet from Alalakh. ………………………………………222
4
+A7B;5@*D*
Figure 5.1: Map of Crete showing the sites from which deposits have been analysed in
red………………………………………………………………………………...…223
Figure 5.2: Banded decoration on MM I sherd from the Strat deposits…………….223
Figure 5.3: Barbotine decoration on MM I sherd from the Strat deposits…………. 223
Figure 5.4: Incised decoration on MM I juglet from the Strat deposits……………. 224
Figure 5.5: Goblets with simple and polychrome decoration from Deposit A. 1:3... 224
Figure 5.6: Polychrome bridge-spouted jar from Deposit A. 1:3…………………...225
Figure 5.7: Polychrome jug and piriform jar from Deposit B. 1:4……………….…225
Figure 5.8: Straight-sided and hemispherical cups from Deposit D. 1:3…………... 225
Figure 5.9: Basket vase from Deposit D. 1:3……………………………………….226
Figure 5.10: Kommos, plan of Central Hillside houses……………………………. 226
Figure 5.11: Painted pottery from Context 8, Kommos. 1:3………………………..227
Figure 5.12: Simple polychrome decoration from the MM II Strat deposits.………227
Figure 5.13 a and b: Representational and complex decoration on MM II Strat
deposits……………………………………………………………………………...227
Figure 5.14: Complex polychrome decoration on fine-walled cup from the NEKA
Strat deposits………………………………………………………………………..228
Figure 5.15: Cups from Kommos, Context 9. 1:3…………………………………..228
Figure 5.16: Cup with impressed and painted decoration from Kommos, Context 13.
1:3…………………………………………………………………………………...228
Figure 5.17: Rounded cup and bridge-spouted jar sherds from Kommos, Context 13.
1:3…………………………………………………………………………………...229
Figure 5.18: Plan of Room I7, Building A, Quartier Mu. 1:25……………………..230
Figure 5.19:Plan of the north part of Bulding A showing the rooms and vessels
present in them according to function. 1:126……………………………………….231
Figure 5.20: Plan of the south part of Building A showing the rooms and vessels in
them according to function. 1:126………………………………………………..…232
Figure 5.21: Closed vessels with simple decoration from Room I7. 1:10…….……233
Figure 5.22: Jugs with Light-on-Dark decoration from Room I16. 1:6…………….233
Figure 5.23: Typical cups with crescents on rim from Malia. 1:3…………….…....233
Figure 5.24: Bridge-spouted jar with representational decoration from Quartier
Mu.1:6………………………………………………………………………………233
Figure 5.25: Polychrome hemispherical cup from Quartier Mu. 1:3. ………………233
5
Figure 5.26: Eggshell-ware cups from Phaistos. No scale……………………….…234
Figure 5.27: Krater with relief decoration from Phaistos. H: 45cm………………...234
Figure 5.28: Plate from the palace of Phaistos. No scale…………………………...234
Figure 5.29: Cup from Monastiraki-Katalimata…………………………………… 235
Figure 5.30: Jug from Monastiraki-Katalimata……………………………………. 235
Figure 5.31: Complex decoration on sherds from MM III Strat deposits………….. 235
Figure 5.32 a and b: White-spotted and splattered decoration in MM III early Strat
deposits…………………………………………………………………………….. 236
Figure 5.33 a and b: Complex geometric decoration in MM III late Strat deposits.. 236
Figure 5.34: Plan of MM III house hear the Acropolis……………………………..236
Figure 5.35: Cup with ripple decoration from Deposit C. 1:3……………………... 237
Figure 5.36: Jug from Deposit C. 1:3……………………………………………… 237
Figure 5.37: Ewer from Kommos, Context 16…………………………………….. 237
Figure 5.38: Rhyton with representiational decoration from Kommos, Context 16. 1:3…...238
Figure 5.39: Plan of Palaikastro……………………………………………………. 239
Figure 5.40: Foliate bands on hemispherical cups from Building 2. 1:3…………... 239
Figure 5.41: Deporation on cups from Area 6. 1:3………………………………… 240
Figure 5.42: Plan of Building 6 in Palaikastro……………………………………...240
Figure 5.43: Cup from Building 6. 1:3…………………………………………….. 240
Figure 5.44: Ewer with ripple decoration from Building 6. 1:3…………………… 241
Figure 5.45: Representational decoration on LM IA Strat deposits……………….. 241
Figure 5.46: Plan of Room 1 in the Acropolis Houses showing Deposit F………... 242
Figure 5.47: Stirrup jar from Deposit F. 1:3……………………………………….. 243
Figure 5.48: Jug from Deposit F. 1:3………………………………………………. 243
Figure 5.49: Reed cup from Deposit F. 1:3………………………………………... 243
Figure 5.50: Plan of Building T at Kommos showing the location of the kiln…….. 244
Figure 5.51: Spiral decoration on cup from the Kommos kiln…………………….. 244
Figure 5.52: Kalathos with reed decoration from the Kommos kiln………………. 245
Figure 5.53: Simple plant motif on oval-mouthed amphora from the Kommos kiln……... 245
Figure 5.54: Dark-on-Light patterned decoration on cup from the area of the Kiln at
Kommos……………………………………………………………………………. 245
Figure 5.55: Photograph showing the succession of LM IB and related fills in the
South-West Houses…………………………………………………………………246
Figure 5.56: LM I splatter decoration from the Strat deposits……………………... 246
6
Figure 5.57: Simple geometric decoration from the LM I conical cup deposits…....247
Figure 5.58: Representational decoration from the LM I conical cup deposits……. 247
Figure 5.59: Different kinds of trickle-splatter decoration from the LM IB-II Strat
deposits…………………………………………………………………………….. 248
Figure 5.60: Marine style decoration from Palaikastro, Building N. 1:3………….. 248
Figure 5.61: Rhyton from Palaikastro, Building N. 1:3…………………………….249
Figure 5.62: Representational decoration on jug from Well 576. 1:3……………... 249
Figure 5.63: Simple decoration on jug from Well 576. 1:3………………………... 250
Figure 5.64: Knobbed amphora with trickle from Well 576. 1:3………………….. 250
Figure 5.65: Plan of Building AC in Pseira………………………………………... 251
Figure 5.66: Geometric and representational decoration on cups from the Kasella. 1:3…..251
Figure 5.67: Plain of the Plateia building in Pseira………………………………...252
Figure 5.68: Representation and geometric decoration on cups from the Plateia
Building. 1:3……………………………………………………………………….. 252
Figure 5.69: Decorated sherds from the façade of Building BT. 1:3………………. 252
Figure 5.70: Plan of Building BY in Pseira………………………………………... 253
Figure 5.71: Decorated cups from Building BY. 1:3………………………………. 254
Figure 5.72: Plan of the houses at the Artisans' Quarter, Mochlos………………… 254
Figure 5.73: Plan of the farmhouse at Chalinomouri………………………………. 255
Figure 5.74: Rounded cup depicting ships from Mochlos. Not in scale…………… 255
Figure 5.75: Alabastron decorated with flecks from the Artisans' Quarter. 1:3…... 255
Figure 5.76: Jug with reed decoration from the Artisans' Quarter. 1:3……………. 256
Figure 5.77: Representational decoration on side-spouted jar from the Artisans'
Quarter. 1:3………………………………………………………………………… 256
Figure 5.78: Argonaut motif from Mochlos. 1:2…………………………………... 256
Figure 5.79: Jug decorated with scale pattern. 1:3………………………………….257
Figure 5.80: Stirrup jar with pinwheel motifs from Mochlos. 1:3…………………. 258
Figure 5.81: Piriform jar with incised lilly from Mochlos. 1:4……………………. 258
Figure 5.82: Geometric decoration on LM II Strat deposits……………………….. 259
Figure 5.83: Simple and complex representational decoration from LM II Strat
deposits…………………………………………………………………………….. 259
Figure 5.84: Decoration on LM IIIA2 sherds from the Strat deposits……………... 259
Figure 5.85: Decoration on LM IIIB sherds from the Strat deposits……………….260
7
Figure 5.86: Schematic representational decoration on LM IIIC sherds from the Strat
deposits……………………………………………………………………………...260
Figure 5.87: The pyramidal hierarchy of goblets suggested for Deposit A………... 260
+A7B;5@*E*
Figure 6.1: Painted decoration with the appearance of flower garlands on blue painted
amphorae (a, 1:10) and imitation of tie (b, 1:4)…………………………………….261
Figure 6.2: Blue painted footed goblet from Amarna. 1:4. ……………………...…261
Figure 6.3: Rounded jars from Amarna, comparing plain with blue painted. 1:4….262
Figure 6.4: Map of Egypt showing sites analyzed……………………………….…263
Figure 6.5: Tall slender necked jar from Kom Rabia, level IIIa. 1:4…………….…263
Figure 6.6: Vessel and sherds of blue painted dish type from Kom Rabia. 1:4…….264
Figure 6.7: Tall slender necked jar from Kom Rabia, level IIb. 1:4……………..…264
Figure 6.8: Jar decorated with Hathor’s face from Deir el-Medina………………...264
Figure 6.9: Jar decorated with marshscape from Deir el-Medina………………..…265
Figure 6.10: Plan of the Main Chapel and Annexe 450………………………….…266
Figure 6.11: Blue painted jar from the Main Chapel. 1:3………………………..…267
Figure 6.12: Map of the walled Workmens’ Village and associated areas…………268
Figure 6.13: Plan of the northern half of the Amarna Survey showing quantities of
blue painted pottery…………………………………………………………………269
Figure 6.14: Plan of the southern half of the Amarna Survey………………………269
Figure 6.15: Riverine scene from jar in the tomb of Horemheb. 1:4…………….…270
Figure 6.16: Blue painted funnel-necked jar with fluting from Qantir…………..…270
Figure 6.17: Amphora of unknown provenance combining fluting, blue paint and
relief elements. H: 62cm……………………………………………………………271
Figure 6.18: Blue painted pottery decorated with lotus garlands in the paintings from
the tomb of Nebamun…………………………………………………………….…272
Figure 6.19: Depiction of pot stand decorated with flower garland from the Amarna
Palace…………………………………………………………………………….…272
+A7B;5@*F*
Figure 7.1: Map of Cyprus with emphasis on late MC-LC sites……………………273
Figure 7.2: Plan of Building IV…………………………………………………..…274
8
Figure 7.3: Catalogued sherds including incised from Room 8………………….…275
Figure 7.4: Plain and simple incised pottery from Room 8……………………...…275
Figure 7.5: White Painted pottery from Room 8……………………………………276
Figure 7.6: Marki Alonia Phase G……………………………………………….…276
Figure 7.7: Decorated Red Polished bowls from Marki Alonia……………………277
Figure 7.8: Decorated Red Polished jugs from Marki Alonia………………………277
Figure 7.9: Marki Alonia- Plan showing Context XIII-5…………………………..278
Figure 7.10: Vounous Site B……………………………………………………..…279
Figure 7.11: Decorated pottery from Tomb 54…………………………………..…280
Figure 7.12: Multiple vase from Tomb 59……………………………………….…280
Figure 7.13: Plan of the tomb complex in Deneia………………………………..…281
Figure 7.14: Relief animal on RP III jug from Deneia. No scale………………...…281
Figure 7.15: Incised decoration on RP Black-Topped bowls from Deneia. No scale……...282
Figure 7.16: Incised decoration on Black Polished bowls from Deneia. No scale…282
Figure 7.17: Relief decoration on RPIII sherds from Deneia………………………283
Figure 7.18: Incised RPIII jugs and juglets from Deneia………………………...…284
Figure 7.19: Incised decoration on Red Polished Black Topped bowls from Deneia……..285
Figure 7.20: Painted sherds from Trench 3 at Kalopsidha……………………….…286
Figure 7.21: Painted sherds from Trench 9 at Kalopsidha……………………….…286
Figure 7.22: Composite and White Painted sherds from Enkomi, Level A, Area I. 1:2
if no other scale…………………………………………………………………..…287
Figure 7.23: Composite and White Painted sherds from Enkomi, Level A, Area III.
1:2, if no other scale……………………………………………………………..…287
Figure 7.24: Red-on-Black Painted sherds from Level A, Area III. 1:2 if no other
scale…………………………………………………………………………………288
Figure 7.25: Red-on-Black Painted sherds from Level A, Area I. 1:2 if no other scale…...288
Figure 7.26: Red/Black Slip (Reserved Slip) painted sherds, Level IA, Areas I and III…..289
Figure 7.27: Bichrome wheelmade painted sherds from Level IA, Area III. 1:2......289
Figure 7.28: Ground plan of Nitovikla…………………………………………..…290
Figure 7.29: Plain white pottery with relief decoration from Nitovikla……………291
Figure 7.30: Bichrome wheelmade sherds from Nitovikla…………………………292
Figure 7.31: Sherds from the underwater deposit at Maroni-Tsaroukkas………..…293
Figure 7.32: Proto-White Slip and White Slip I sherds from Enkomi, Area I…...…294
Figure 7.33: Enkomi, White Slip II bowls from Areas I and III, Level IIA. 1:2…..294
9
Figure 7.34: Enkomi, Base Ring I ware from Area III. 1:2 if no other scale…….…294
Figure 7.35: Bichrome wheelmade sherds from Enkomi, Level IB, Area III. 1:2….295
Figure 7.36: White Painted Wheelmade I from Enkomi, Area III Level IB……..…296
Figure 7.37: White Painted Wheelmade II sherds from Enkomi, Area III, Level IIA……..297
Figure 7.38: Tomb 1851 at Enkomi……………………………………………...…298
Figure 7.39: Pottery group in Tomb 1851………………………………………..…298
Figure 7.40: White Slip I bowls from Tomb 1851……………………………….…299
Figure 7.41: Base Ring I vessels from Tomb 1851…………………………………299
Figure 7.42: White Painted Handmade and Bichrome vessels from Tomb 1851…..299
Figure 7.43: Plan of area of Hala Sultan Tekke showing location of tombs……..…300
Figure 7.44: White Slip and Cypro-Mycenaean sherds from Tomb 2, Hala Sultan
Tekke……………………………………...……………………………………...…300
+A7B;5@*G*
Figure 8.1: Map of the southern Levant showing the sites studied…………………301
Figure 8.2: Painted pottery from Megiddo, Level F-10a………………………...…302
Figure 8.3: Pre-Palace II painted and incised pottery from Aphek…………………302
Figure 8.4: Bichrome painted vessel from Aphek, X14………………………….…303
Figure 8.5: Tell el-Yahudiyeh juglets from Kabri, Tomb 984…………………...…303
Figure 8.6: Bichrome decoration on open vessels from Tel Mevorakh………….…304
Figure 8.7: Vessels with unusual decoration from Tel Mevorakh……………….…304
Figure 8.8: Painted jar from Tel Qashish, Stratum IXC………………………….…305
Figure 8.9: Painted vessels from Tel Qashish, Stratum VIIB…………………...…305
Figure 8.10: Painted pottery from Yoqne’am, Stratum XXb, Area A1………….…306
Figure 8.11: Red White and Blue Ware from Beth Shean, R-4 and R-5………...…306
Figure 8.12: Chocolate-on-White ware from R-3 at Beth Shean………………...…306
Figure 8.13: Painted storage jar types with painted decoration from Tel Batash..…307
Figure 8.14: Different sub-types of painted biconical vessels from Tel Batash……308
Figure 8.15: Decorated cooking and storage vessels from Tell el-Hayyat…………308
Figure 8.16: Incised, relief/applied and painted decoration from Qatna……………309
Figure 8.17: Painted decoration from Qatna………………………………………..310
Figure 8.18: Painted pottery from Tell Bi’a, Ceramic Complex 6. 1:3…………..…310
10
Figure 8.19: Painted and incised pottery from Tell Bi’a, Ceramic Complex 7. 1:3..311
Figure 8.20: Incised storage jars from Tell Hadidi…………………………………311
Figure 8.21: Incised and painted MB pottery from Umm el-Marra………………..311
Figure 8.22: Pictorial krater from the ‘Mycenaean Tomb’ at Dan…………………312
Figure 8.23: Nuzi ware from Tell Atchana. Sherds not in scale……………………313
Figure 8.24: Nuzi ware from Tell Brak. 1:4……………………………………...…313
11
-=<;*19*(7825<*
+A7B;5@*D*
Table 5.1: MM I aggregate sample…………………………………………………..89
Table 5.2: Deposit A, Early Magazine A, Knossos………………………………….90
Table 5.3: Surface treatments in Deposit A………………………………………….91
Table 5.4: Deposit B, SW Houses, Knossos…………………………………………92
Table 5.5: Surface treatments in Deposit B…………………………………………..93
Table 5.6: Deposit D, SW Houses, Knossos…………………………………………94
Table 5.7: Surface treatments in Deposit D………………………………………….95
Table 5.8: Shapes in Kommos, Context 6, MMIB, Central Hillside Area, Spaces 26-
27……………………………………………………………………………………96
Table 5.9: Surface treatments in Context 6………………………………………….96
Table 5.10: Shapes in Kommos, Context 8, CH38…………………………………..97
Table 5.11: Surface treatments in Context 8…………………………………………97
Table 5.12: Strat deposits- MM II aggregate sample………………………………...98
Table 5.13: Shapes in Kommos, Context 9, MM IIA, CH35 and 36……………….100
Table 5.14: Surface treatments in Context 9………………………………………..100
Table 5.15: Malia, Room I7………………………………………………………...101
Table 5.16: Surface treatments in catalogue, Room I7……………………………..102
Table 5.17: Malia, Room I16……………………………………………………….102
Table 5.18: Surface treatments in catalogue in Room I16………………………….103
Table 5.19: Shapes in Malia, Room III17…………………………………………..103
Table 5.20: Surface treatments in catalogue, Room III17…………………………..104
Table 5.21: Malia, Compartment III7, Surface treatments in catalogue……………104
Table 5.22: Malia, Room III4, Surface treatments in catalogue……………………105
12
Table 5.23: Stratigraphic Museum deposits, MM III early aggregate……………...106
Table 5.24: Stratigraphical Museum deposits, MM III late aggregate sample……..108
Table 5.25:Knossos, Acropolis Houses,Deposit C, Surface treatments in catalogue109
Table 5.26: Kommos, Context 16, MM IIIA, Room 25, Floor deposit in catalogue.110
Table 5.27: Kommos, Context 16, Surface treatments in catalogue………………..111
Table 5.28: Shapes in Palaikastro, Building 2, Room 2…………………………….112
Table 5.29:Surface treatments in catalogue in Building 2, Room 2………………..112
Table 5.30: Shapes in Palaikastro, Area 6, Deposit EP87…………………………..113
Table 5.31: Surface treatments in catalogue in Palaikastro, Area 6, Deposit EP87...114
Table 5.32: Palaikastro, Building 6, Room R1……………………………………..115
Table 5.33: Surface treatments in catalogue in Room R1…………………………..115
Table 5.34: Stratigraphical Museum deposits, LM IA aggregate sample…………..117
Table 5.35:Knossos, Acropolis Houses, Deposit F. Surface treatments in catalogue118
Table 5.36: Shapes at Kommos, LM I Kiln and dump……………………………..120
Table 5.37: Surface treatments at Kommos, LM I Kiln and dump…………………120
Table 5.38:Stratigraphical Museum deposits, LM IB-II SW Houses S.VII.4……...121
Table 5.39: Sample from Pyrgos Country House…………………………………..122
Table 5.40: Stratigraphical Museum deposits, LM I aggregate sample…………….124
Table 5.41: Stratigraphical Museum deposit, SW Houses S.VII.4, LM IB-II…...…126
Table 5.42: Shapes in Palaikastro, Building N, Room 18………………………….127
Table 5.43: Shapes at Palaikastro, Well 576………………………………………..128
Table 5.44: Surface treatments at Palaikastro, Well 576…………………...………128
Table 5.45: Pseira, Space AC 10, Inside the Kasella……………………………….130
Table 5.46: Pseira, Space AC10, Outside the “Kasella”……………………………131
Table 5.47: Surface treatments in catalogue in Pseira, AC 10………..……………131
13
Table 5.48: Decoration ratios in catalogue in Pseira, AC 10………………………132
Table 5.49: Pseira, Plateia Building, Room BS1, Contexts 5 and 6……………….133
Table 5.50: Decoration categories in catalogue in Pseira, Plateia Building, Room BS1,
Contexts 5 and 6……………………………………………………………………134
Table 5.51: Pseira, facade of Building BT…………………………………………135
Table 5.52: Mochlos, AQ, Building A, Room 2……………………………………136
Table 5.53: Surface treatments in catalogue, Mochlos, AQ, Building A, Room 2…137
Table 5.54: Mochlos, Artisans' Quarter, Building A, Room 4……………………...137
Table 5.55: Mochlos, Artisans' Quarter, Building B, Room 10………………….…138
Table 5.56: Mochlos, AQ, Building B, Room 9……………………………………139
Table 5.57: Surface treatments in catalogue in Mochlos, AQ, Building B, Room 9.139
Table 5.58: Mochlos, Chalinomouri, Room 6………………………………………140
Table 5.59: Mochlos, Chalinomouri, Room 2………………………………………140
Table 5.60: Shapes in Mochlos, CH2 sub-floor deposit……………………………140
Table 5.61: Surface treatments in catalogue in Mochlos, CH2 sub-floor deposit….141
Table 5.62: Stratigraphical Museum deposits, LM II aggregate sample…………...142
Table 5.63: Stratigraphical Museum deposits, LM IIIA aggregate sample……..…144
Table 5.64: Stratigraphical Museum deposits, LM IIIB aggregate sample………..146
Table 5.65: Stratigraphical Museum deposits, LM IIIC aggregate sample……..…148
Table 5.66:Stratigraphical Museum deposits, percentages of decoration through time.150
Table 5.67: Stratigraphical Museum deposits, decoration and complex decoration

percentages through time…………………………………………………………..152
Table 5.68: Stratigraphical Museum deposits, decoration on semi-coarse vessels

through time………………………………………………………………………..153
Table 5.69: Stratigraphical Museum deposits, complex decoration on fine and semi-
coarse pottery through time…………………………………………………………154
14
+A7B;5@*E*
Table 6.1: The chronological profile of blue-painted pottery………………………155
Table 6.2: Distribution of pottery in the Main Chapel, Workmen's Village, Amarna…156
Table 6.3: Distribution of pottery at the Chapel Annexe, Workmen's Village, Amarna.156
Table 6.4: Contents of Houses in the Main City……………………………………157
Table 6.5: Number and treatment of decorated vessels in shafts IV and III……..…159
Table 6.6: Pottery from Shaft IV, Room F and associated contexts……………..…159
Table 6.7: Pottery from the tomb-chapels of Paser and Ra'ia, all excavated deposits…159
Chapter 7
Table 7.1: Minimum vessels represented in Building I by ware……………………160
Table 7.2: Minimum vessels represented in Building II by ware………………......160
Table 7.3: Ceramic contents of Building IV, Room 13 by ware……………………160
Table 7.4: Ceramic contents of Building IV, Room 8 by ware……………………..161
Table 7.5: Catalogued complete vessels from Room 13 by surface treatment……..161
Table 7.6: Catalogued complete vessels from Room 8 by surface treatment………162
Table 7.7: The pottery from Buildings I and II by estimated surface treatments…..162
Table 7.8: Marki-Alonia. Incidence of decoration on RP diagnostic sherds by

percentage…………………………………………………………………………..163
Table 7.9:Marki-Alonia. Forms of decoration on RP diagnostic sherds by percentage..163
Table 7.10: Marki-Alonia. Incidence of decoration on RP diagnostic sherds in relation

to fabric texture……………………………………………………………………..163
Table 7.11: Marki-Alonia. Pottery vessels found in context XIII-5………………..163
Table 7.12: Marki-Alonia. Pottery vessels found in context LXIV-5………………164
Table 7.13: Vessels in Tomb 54 by surface treatments……………………………..165
Table 7.14: Vessels in Tomb 59 by surface treatment……………………………...165
15
Table 7.15: Wares represented in Deneia tombs by sherd count and percentage…..166
Table 7.16: Wares in second Layer, Kalopsidha Trench 3 by sherd count and
percentage…………………………………………………………………………..167
Table 7.17: Wares from Kalopsidha, cavity north of Wall A………………………167
Table 7.18: Wares from Kalopsidha, Trench 3, aggregate sample following Crewe…..168
Table 7.19: Rough estimate of surface treatments in Kalopsidha Trench 3………..168
Table 7.20: Percentages of wares from Kalopsidha, Tench 9, Level 64C………….169
Table 7.21: Percentages of wares from Kalopsidha, Tench 9, Level 72……………169
Table 7.22: Percentages of wares from Kalopsidha, Tench 9, Level 71……………169
Table 7.23: Enkomi- Percentage of Wares in Area III by Level……………………171
Table 7.24: Enkomi- Percentage of Wares in Area I by Level………………….....172
Table 7.25: Nitovikla- percentages of sherds per ware in each period…………..…173
Table 7.26: Estimated percentages of surface treatments in Nitovikla………..……173
Table 7.27: Seabed deposit from Maroni Tsaroukkas- sherd counts per ware…..…174
Table 7.28: Vessels in Tomb 1 at Galinoporni……………………………………..174
Table 7.29: LCI-II Enkomi- Area III Percentages of wares by Level………………175
Table 7.30: LCI-II Enkomi- estimates of surface treatments by sherd percentage in

each Level- Area III……………………………………………………………..…175
Table 7.31: LCI-II Enkomi- Area I Percentages of wares by Level………………177
Table 7.32: LCI-II Enkomi- estimates of surface treatments by sherd percentage in

each Level- Area I…………………………………………………………………..177
Table 7.33:Enkomi- Percentages of wares in Tomb 1851………………………….179
Table 7.34: Enkomi-surface treatments in Tomb 1851 according to number of vessels.179
Table 7.35: Hala Sultan Tekke, Tomb 1. Vessels according to ware………………180
Table 7.36: Hala Sultan Tekke, Tomb 1. Vessels according to surface treatments..180
Table 7.37: Hala Sultan Tekke, Tomb 2. Vessels according to ware………………181
Table 7.38: Hala Sultan Tekke- Trench 3. Wares represented in sherd counts…….182
16
Table 7.39: Hala Sultan Tekke- Trench 3. Surface treatments in sherd counts……182
+A7B;5@*G*
Table 8.1: Megiddo, shapes and surface treatments from House Z, Loci 2116, 2114
and 2115…………………………………………………………………………….183
Table 8.2: Decoration types and numbers in LB IIB Megiddo……………………..183
Table 8.3: Aphek, Area B, Stratum V. Shapes in Locus 395. Adapted from Fig. 8.10...183
Table 8.4: Aphek, Area B, Stratum V. Surface treatments in Locus 395.Adapted from
Fig. 8.10…………………………………………………………………………….183
Table 8.5: Aphek, Stratum A XIVb, final palace floor of XIVa with under-floor
burials. Shapes in Locus 450, adapted from figs. 10.10-11………………………184
Table 8.6: Aphek, Stratum A XIVb, final palace floor of XIVa with under-floor
burials. Surface treatments in Locus 450, adapted from figs. 10.10-11………….…184
Table 8.7: Aphek, Stratum A XIVb. Shapes in Locus 442 adapted from fig. 10.12…...184
Table 8.8: Aphek, Stratum A XIVb. Surface treatments in Locus 442 adapted from
fig. 10.12……………………………………………………………………………184
Table 8.9: Aphek, Stratum XIVa. Shapes in Locus 421, Palace courtyard. Adapted
from fig. 10.13………………………………………………………………………185
Table 8.10: Aphek, Stratum XIVa. Surface treatments in Locus 421, Palace courtyard.
Adapted from fig. 10.13…………………………………………………………….185
Table 8.11: Aphek, Pre-palace II. Shapes in Stratum X18, Locus 7199. Adapted from
fig. 7.2-7.4………………………………………………………………………..…185
Table 8.12: Aphek, Pre-palace II. Surface treatments in Stratum X18, Locus 7199.
Adapted from fig. 7.2-7.4………………………………………………………….185
17
Table 8.13: Aphek, Stratum X16, Shapes in Locus 6107, Palace Courtyard. Adapted
from fig. 7.14-7.17………………………………………………………………….186
Table 8.14: Aphek, Stratum X16, surface treatments in Locus 6107, Palace Courtyard.
Adapted from fig. 7.14-7.17………………………………………………………186
Table 8.15: Aphek, Shapes from Stratum X14, Locus 7225. Adapted from fig 8.23-
8.34…………………………………………………………………………………186
Table 8.16: Aphek, Surface treatments from Stratum X14, Locus 7225. Adapted from
fig 8.23-8.34………………………………………………………………………..186
Table 8.17: Aphek, Shapes from Strata X13-12, Locus 1200 (burial). Adapted from
fig. 8.43-8.47………………………………………………………………………..187
Table 8.18: Aphek, Surface treatments from Strata X13-12, Locus 1200 (burial).
Adapted from fig. 8.43-8.47……………………………………………………..…187
Table 8.19: Aphek, Stratum X12, shapes in Locus 3827. Adapted from fig. 8.60-8.65.187
Table 8.20: Aphek, Stratum X12, surface treatments in Locus 3827. Adapted from fig.
8.60-8.65…………………………………………………………………………….188
Table 8.21: Shapes in L 81B floor assemblage from Tell Qashish. Adapted from fig.
78……………………………………………………………………………………188
Table 8.22: Surface treatments in L 81B floor assemblage from Tell Qashish. Adapted
from fig. 78…………………………………………………………………….……188
Table 8.23: Shapes from ceramic assemblage from Tell Qashish, Stratum VIII.
Adapted from fig. 93…………………………………………………..……………188
Table 8.24: Surface treatments from ceramic assemblage from Tell Qashish, Stratum
VIII. Adapted from fig. 93…………………………………………………….……189
Table 8.25: Shapes in Tell Qashish, Stratum VIIB, from stone pavement of L. 80.
Adapted from fig. 100………………………………………………………………189
18
Table 8.26: Surface treatments in Tell Qashish, Stratum VIIB, from stone pavement
of L. 80. Adapted from fig. 100……………………………………………………189
Table 8.27: Yoqneam, Stratum XXIVb. Shapes in L.2479 and L.2476, Beaten earth
floor. Adapted from Fig II.4…………………………………………………..……190
Table 8.28: Yoqneam, Stratum XXIVb. Surface treatments in L.2479 and L.2476,
Beatean earth floor. Adapted from Fig II.4…………………………………………190
Table 8.29: Yoqne'am, Stratum XXIVa. Shapes in pottery from the pit. Adapted from
figs. II.10-11-12………………………………………………………..……………190
Table 8.30: Yoqne'am, Stratum XXIVa. Surface treatments in pottery from the pit.
Adapted from figs. II.10-11-12………………………………………………..……191
Table 8.31: Yoqne'am, Stratum XXII. Shapes in L.3015 and L.3016: beaten earth and
pottery floor. Adapted from Figs. II.17-19…………………………….……………191
Table 8.32: Yoqne'am, Stratum XXII. Surface treatments in L.3015 and L.3016:
beaten earth and pottery floor. Adapted from Figs. II.17-19………………….……191
Table 8.33: Yoqne'am Stratum XXIII. Shapes from L. 2559, 2566, 2576a, 2568, city
wall glacis fill. Adapted from fig. II.36-39…………………………………………192
Table 8.34: Yoqne'am Stratum XXIII. Surface treatments from L. 2559, 2566, 2576a,
2568, city wall glacis fill. Adapted from fig. II.36-39………………………..……192
Table 8.35: Stratum Xxb. Shapes from floor L. 2339. Adapted from figs. III.4-5…192
Table 8.36: Stratum Xxb. Surface treatments from floor L. 2339. Adapted from figs.
III.4-5………………………………………………………………………….….…193
Table 8.37: Stratum Xxa. Shapes in L. 2328 and 2331, Cobblestone floor. Adapted
from fig. III.12-13……………………………………………………………..……193
Table 8.38: Stratum Xxa. Surface treatments in L. 2328 and 2331, Cobblestone floor.
Adapted from fig. III.12-13…………………………………………………………193
19
Table 8.39: Stratum XIXb. Shapes in L. 2389+2392+2394, beaten earth floor and
make up under it. Adapted from fig. III.14-15…………………………………..…194
Table 8.40: Stratum XIXb. Surface treatments in L. 2389+2392+2394, beaten earth

floor and make up under it. Adapted from fig. III.14-15…………………..………194
Table 8.41: Stratum XIXa, 13th century. Shapes in L. 2374+2375+2376, white

plastered floor. Adapted from figs. III.18-22………………………………….……195
Table 8.42: Stratum XIXa, 13th century. Surface treatments in L. 2374+2375+2376,

white plastered floor. Adapted from figs. III.18-22…………………………...……195
Table 8.43: Beth Shean. Frequencies of painted vessels by shape in the entire LB
assemblage. Mullins 2007: 395…………………………………………..…………195
Table 8.44: Pella, Percentages of Fine and Plain Wares and imports through time.
Adapted from Knapp 1989: Table 1…………………………………………..……197
Table 8.45: Tel Batash,Str. VIII, Shapes in Building 475, Locus 467. Adapted from
Pl. 27-33……………………………………………………………………………197
Table 8.46: Tel Batash,Str. VIII, Surface treaments in Building 475, Locus 467.
Adaoted from Pl. 27-33………………………………………………………….…198
Table 8.47: Lachish, Area D, MB I. Shapes in Locus 7010. Adapted from figs. 16.1-2….198
Table 8.48: Lachish, Area D, MB I. Surface treatments in Locus 7010. Adapted from
figs. 16.1-2……………………………………………………………………….…198
Table 8.49: Lachish, Area D, MB I. Shapes in Locus 7015 Lower. Adapted from figs
16.3- 16.4……………………………………………………………………………198
Table 8.50: Lachish, Area D, MB I. Surface treatments in Locus 7015 Lower.

Adapted from figs 16.3- 16.4………………………………………………………199
Table 8.51: Lachish, Level P-6. Shapes in Locus 5203. Adapted from figs. 16.9-10…199
20
Table 8.52: Lachish, Level P-6. Surface treatments in Locus 5203. Adapted from figs.
16.9-10………………………………………………………………………………199
Table 8.53: Lachish, Level P-4. Shapes and surface treatments in Locus 3125.
Adapted from figs. 16.15-18………………………………………………..………200
Table 8.54: Lachish, Level S-3. Shapes and surface treatments in Locus 8011.
Adapted from figs 19.7-19.8……………………………………………..…………200
Table 8.55: Lachish, Level VIIA. Shapes and surface treatments in Locus 3782
Upper. Adapted from figs 19.30-19.33………………………………………….…201
Table 8.56: Lachish, Level VI. Shapes and surface treatments in Locus 3611 Upper.
Adapted from figs 19.41-42……………………………………………………..…202
Table 8.57: Lachish, Level VI. Shapes and surface treatments in Locus 3612. Adapted
from figs 19.46-49…………………………………………………………..………203
Table 8.58: Hazor, Stratum XVII-MB IIB. Shapes from floor L. 1117, Adapted from
fig. III.8…………………………………………………………………………..…203
Table 8.59: Hazor, Stratum XVII-MB IIB. Surface treatments from floor L. 1117,
Adapted from fig. III.8……………………………………………………..………204
Table 8.60: Hazor, MB IIC, Stratum XVI. Shapes in installation L.1164, pit cut into
the bedrock. Adapted from figs. III.12-13…………………………….……………204
Table 8.61: Hazor, MB IIC, Stratum XVI. Surface treatments in installation L.1164,
pit cut into the bedrock. Adapted from figs. III.12-13…………………..…………204
Table 8.62: Hazor, Stratum XV- LBA I. Shapes in Pit L. 1177. Adapted from fig.
III.15-17………………………………………………………………………….…205
Table 8.63: Hazor, Stratum XV- LBA I. Surface treatments in Pit L. 1177. Adapted
from fig. III.15-17………………………………………………………..…………205
Table 8.64: Tell Bi'a/Tuttul, multi-period……………………………..……………205
21
Table 8.65: Tell Hadidi, Shapes House in Area H, 15th century……………………206
Table 8.66: Aggregate decoration scores and percentages of sites studied……...…207
22
-=<;*19*+A7@;<*
+A7B;5@*D*
Chart 5.1: MM I aggregate sample- surface treatments…………………………...…89
Chart 5.2: MM I aggregate sample- ratios of decorative treatments…………………90
Chart 5.3: MM I aggregate sample- ratios of shapes…………………………...……90
Chart 5.4: Surface treatments in Deposit A………………………………………..…91
Chart 5.5: Decoration ratios in Deposit A……………………………………………91
Chart 5.6: Surface treatments in Deposit B……………………………………..……93
Chart 5.7: Decoration ratios in Deposit B……………………………………………93
Chart 5.8: Surface treatments in Deposit D……………………………………..……95
Chart 5.9: Decoration ratios in Deposit D……………………………………………95
Chart 5.10: Surface treatments in statistical table, Context 6…………………..……96
Chart 5.11: Decoration ratios in Catalogue, Deposit 6………………………………97
Chart 5.12: Decoration ratios from Catalogue in Deposit 8……………………….…98
Chart 5.13: Surface treatments in MM II aggregate sample…………………………99
Chart 5.14: Decoration ratios in MM II aggregate sample…………………………..99
Chart 5.15: Shape ratios in MM II aggregate sample……………………………..…99
Chart 5.16: Surface treatments in Context 9………………………………………..101
Chart 5.17: Decoration ratios in Context 9…………………………………………101
Chart 5.18: Surface treatments in Room I7…………………………………………102
Chart 5.19: Surface treatments in Room I16……………………………………..…103
Chart 5.20: Surface treatments in catalogue, Room III17………………………..…104
Chart 5.21: Malia, Compartment III7, Decoration ratios in catalogue…………..…104
Chart 5.22: Malia, Room III4, Decoration ratios in catalogue…………………..…105
Chart 5.23: Surface treatments in MM III early aggregate…………………………106
23
Chart 5.24: Decoration ratios in MM III early aggregate……………………..……107
Chart 5.25: Shape ratios in MM III early aggregate……………………………..…107
Chart 5.26: Surface treatments in MM III late aggregate………………………..…108
Chart 5.27: Decoration ratios in MM III late aggregate………………………….…109
Chart 5.28: Shape ratios in MM III late aggregate……………………………….…109
Chart 5.29: Knossos, Acropolis Houses, Deposit C, Surface treatments in catalogue…109
Chart 5.30: Knossos, Acropolis Houses, Deposit C, Decoration ratios in catalogue.110
Chart 5.31: Kommos, Context 16, Surface treatments in catalogue……………......111
Chart 5.32: Kommos, Context 16, Decoration ratios in catalogue…………………111
Chart 5.33: Surface treatments in catalogue in Building 2, Room 2……………..…112
Chart 5.34: Decoration ratios in catalogue in Building 2, Room 2…………………113
Chart 5.35: Surface treatments in catalogue in Palaikastro, Area 6, Deposit EP87...114
Chart 5.36: Decoration ratios in catalogue in Palaikastro, Area 6, Deposit EP87….114
Chart 5.37: Surface treatments in catalogue in Room R1………………………..…116
Chart 5.38: Decoration ratios in catalogue in Room R1……………………………116
Chart 5.39: Surface treatments in LM IA aggregate sample…………………..……117
Chart 5.40: Decoration ratios in LM IA aggregate sample…………………………118
Chart 5.41: Shape ratios in LM IA aggregate sample………………………………118
Chart 5.42: Deposit F, surface treatments in catalogue………………………..……119
Chart 5.43: Deposit F, decoration ratios in catalogue………………………………119
Chart 5.44: Surface treatments at Kommos, LM I Kiln and dump…………………120
Chart 5.45: Surface treatments in Stratigraphical Museum deposits, LM IB-II SW

Houses S.VII.4…………………………………………………………………..…121
Chart 5.46: Decoration rations in Stratigraphical Museum deposits, LM IB-II SW

Houses S.VII.4………………………………………………………………….…122
Chart 5.47: Surface treatments in Pyrgos Country House…………………………123
24
Chart 5.48: Decoration ratios in Pyrgos Country House……………………………123
Chart 5.49: Surface treatments in Stratigraphical Museum deposits, LM I aggregate

sample with conical cups……………………………………………………………125
Chart 5.50: Surface treatments in Stratigraphical Museum deposits, LM I aggregate

sample without conical cups……………………………………………..…...……125
Chart 5.51: Decoration ratios in Stratigraphical Museum deposits, LM I aggregate

sample………………………………………………………………………….……125
Chart 5.52: Shape ratios in Stratigraphical Museum deposits, LM I aggregate sample..126
Chart 5.53: Decoration treatments in Stratigraphical Museum deposit, SW Houses

S.VII.4, LM IB-II………………………………………………………………..…127
Chart 5.54: Surface treatments at Palaikastro, Well 576……………………………129
Chart 5.55: Decoration ratios at Palaikastro, Well 576………………………..……129
Chart 5.56: Decoration ratios in catalogue in Pseira, AC 10, Inside the Kasella...…132
Chart 5.57: Decoration ratios in catalogue in Pseira, AC 10, Outside the Kasella…132
Chart 5.58: Decoration ratios in catalogue in Pseira, Plateia Building, Room BS1,
Contexts 5 and 6……………………………………………………………….……134
Chart 5.59: Decoration ratios in catalogue, Mochlos, AQ, Building A, Room….…137
Chart 5.60: Decoration ratios in catalogue in Mochlos, AQ, Building B, Room 9...139
Chart 5.61: Decoration ratios in catalogue in Mochlos, CH2 sub-floor deposit……141
Chart 5.62: Surface treatments in Stratigraphical Museum deposits, LM II aggregate

sample…………………………………………………………………………….…142
Chart 5.63: Decoration ratios in Stratigraphical Museum deposits, LM II aggregate

sample…………………………………………………………………………….…143
Chart 5.64: Shape ratios in Stratigraphical Museum deposits, LM II aggregate sample.143
Chart 5.65: Surface treatments in Stratigraphical Museum deposits, LM IIIA

aggregate sample……………………………………………………………………144
Chart 5.66: Decoration ratios in Stratigraphical Museum deposits, LM IIIA aggregate

sample…………………………………………………………………….…………145
Chart 5.67: Shape ratios in Stratigraphical Museum deposits, LM IIIA aggregate

sample……………………………………………………………………….………145
25
Chart 5.68: Surface treatments in Stratigraphical Museum deposits, LM IIIB
Chart 5.69: Decoration ratios in Stratigraphical Museum deposits, LM IIIB aggregate

sample………………………………………………………………………………147
Chart 5.70: Shape ratios in Stratigraphical Museum deposits, LM IIIB aggregate

sample………………………………………………………………………………147
Chart 5.71: Surface treatments in Stratigraphical Museum deposits, LM IIIC

Chart 5.72: Decoration ratios in Stratigraphical Museum deposits, LM IIIC aggregate

sample……………………………………………………………………….………149
Chart 5.73: Shape ratios in Stratigraphical Museum deposits, LM IIIC aggregate

sample………………………………………………………………………….……149
Chart 5.74: Stratigraphical Museum deposits, percentages of decoration through time..150
Chart 5.75: Percentages of decoration through time- LM IIIA removed………..…151
Chart 5.76: Decoration and complex decoration percentages through time……..…152
Chart 5.77: Complex decoration only through time……………………………..…153
Chart 5.78: Stratigraphical Museum deposits, decoration on semi-coarse vessels

through time……………………………………………………………………..…153
Chart 5.79: Stratigraphical Museum deposits, complex decoration on fine and semi-
coarse pottery through time…………………………………………………………154
Chapter 6
Chart 6.1: Time horizons covered by the main studies…………………………..…156
Chapter 7
Chart 7.1: Catalogued complete vessels from Room 13 by surface treatment…..…161
Chart 7.2: Catalogued complete vessels from Room 8 by surface treatment………162
Chart 7.3: The pottery from Buildings I and II by estimated surface treatments…..162
Chart 7.4: Marki-Alonia. Surface treatments of pottery vessels found in context XIII-5
by percentage…………………………………………………………………….…164
Chart 7.5: Marki-Alonia. Surface treatments of pottery vessels found in context

LXIV-5 by percentage………………………………………………………………164
26
Chart 7.6: Vessels in Tomb 54 by surface treatments………………………………165
Chart 7.7: Rough estimate of surface treatments in Kalopsidha Trench 3……….…168
Chart 7.8: Percentages of wares from Kalopsidha, Tench 9, Level 71……..………170
Chart 7.9: Percentage of Wares in Area III by Level…………………………….…171
Chart 7.10: Percentage of Wares in Area I by Level…………………………….…172
Chart 7.11: Nitovikla- percentages of sherds per ware in each period…………..…173
Chart 7.12: Estimated percentages of surface treatments in Nitovikla…………..…174
Chart 7.13: LCI-II Enkomi- estimates of surface treatments by sherd percentage in

each Level- Area III……………………………………………………………..…176
Chart 7.14: LCI-II Enkomi- estimates of surface treatments by sherd percentage in

each Level- Area I………………………………………………………………..…178
Chart 7.15: Enkomi- surface treatments in Tomb 1851 according to number of vessels…..179
Chart 7.16: Hala Sultan Tekke, Tomb 1. Vessels according to surface treatments...180
Chart 7.17: Hala Sultan Tekke- Trench 3. Surface treatments in sherd counts….…182
Chapter 8
Chart 8.1: Comparison of Yoqne'am and Qashish by phase………………………..196
Chart 8.2: Decoration percentages by date in the southern Levant…………………209

%
%
27
H=82=1?@7BAI*
Abbink, Albertine Alie 1999. Make it and break it: the cycles of pottery: a study of
the technology, form, function, and use of pottery from the settlements at Uitgeest-
Groot Dorregeest and Schagen-Muggenburg 1, Roman period, North Holland, the
Netherlands. Leiden: Faculty of Archaeology, Leiden University
Akkermans, Peter M.M.G and Schwartz, Glenn M. 2003. The archaeology of Syria:
from complex hunter-gatherers to early urban societies (c. 16,000-300 BC).
Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2003
Al-Daire Jihad 2011. Pottery decoration from its beginning in the Neolithic period to
the end of the Early Bronze Age III in Jordan. Münster: Ugarit-Verlag
Al-Maqdissi, Michel 2008. Syrian archaeological excavations at Qatna. In Aruz, Joan,

Benzel, Kim and Evans, Jean M. (eds.) Beyond Babylon : art, trade, and diplomacy in
the second millennium B.C. London : Yale University Press
Amiran, Ruth 1969. Ancient pottery of the Holy Land: from its beginnings in the
Neolithic period to the end of the Iron Age. Jerusalem: Masada Press.
Appadurai, Arjun 1986. The social life of things: commodities in cultural perspective.
Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
Arnheim, R. 1949. "The Gestalt theory of expression", Psychological Review 56: 156-
171
Arnold, Dorothea and Bourriau, Janine 1993. An Introduction to ancient Egyptian

pottery. Mainz am Rhein: P. von Zabern
Arnold, Dorothea et. al 1978. Meisterwerke altägyptischer Keramik : 5000 Jahre

Kunst und Kunsthandwerk aus Ton und Fayence : 16. September bis 30 November
1978, Höhr-Grenzhausen, Rastal-Haus. Höhr-Grenzhausen: Keramikmuseum
Westerwald
28
1993. Techniques and traditions of manufacture in the pottery
of ancient Egypt. In Arnold, Dorothea and Bourriau, Janine (eds.) An Introduction to
ancient Egyptian pottery. Mainz am Rhein : P. von Zabern
Artzy, Michal 1985. Supply and demand: A study of Second Millennium Cypriote
Pottery in the Levant. In Knapp, Bernard A. and Stech, Tamara (eds.) Prehistoric
Production and Exchange: the Aegean and eastern Mediterranean. Los Angeles:
Institute of Archaeology, University of California, Los Angeles
2001. White Slip Ware for export? The economics of production. In

Karageorghis, Vassos (ed.) The white slip ware of late bronze age Cyprus:
proceedings of an international conference organized by the Anastasios G. Leventis
Foundation, Nicosia in honour of Malcolm Wiener, Nicosia 29th-30th October 1998.
Wien: Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften
2007. Tell Abu Hawam: News from the Late Bronze Age. In Bietan,
Manfred and Czerny, Ernst (eds.) The synchronisation of civilisations in the Eastern
Mediterranean in the second millennium B.C. III : proceedings of the SCIEM 2000-
2nd EuroConference Vienna, 28th of May-1st of June 2003 . Wien : Verlag der
Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften
Artzy, Michal and Asaro, Frank 1979. Origin of Tell el-Yahudiyah ware found in
Cyprus. In Report of the Department of Antiquities, Cyprus, pp. 135-139
Artzy, Michal, Perlman, I. and Asaro, F. 1978. Imported and local bichrome ware in
Megiddo. In Levant, Vol. 10, pp. 99-111
Aston, Barbara and Aston David A. 1987. Luxor- Valley of the kings. Bulletin de
liaison du groupe international d'étude de la céramique égyptienne, XII, pp. 27-28
1991. Saqqara, New Kingdom necropolis.

Bulletin de liaison du groupe international d'étude de la céramique égyptienne, XV,
pp. 18-20
Aston, David A. 1984. Saqqara. Bulletin de liaison du groupe international d'étude de

la céramique égyptienne, IX, pp. 13-14
29
1986. Saqqara, January-March 1986. Bulletin de liaison du groupe
international d'étude de la céramique égyptienne, XI, pp. 25-27
1987. Saqqara, January-March 1987. Bulletin de liaison du groupe

international d'étude de la céramique égyptienne, XII, pp. 19-21
1989. Qantir/Piramesse-Nord- Pottery report 1988. In Gottinger

Miszellen, vol. 113, pp. 7-24
1991. The pottery. In Raven, Maarten J (ed.) The tomb of Iurudef :

a memphite official in the reign of Ramesses II. London: Egypt Exploration Society
1996. Egyptian pottery of the late New Kingdom and Third

Intermediate Period (twelfth - seventh centuries BC): tentative footsteps in a
forbidding terrain. Heidelberg : Heidelberger Orientverlag
1997. The pottery. In Martin, Geoffrey Thorndike (eds.) The tomb of

Tia and Tia: a royal monument of the Ramesside Period in the Memphite necropolis.
London: Egypt Exploration Society
1998. Die Keramik des Grabungsplatzes QI. Forschungen in der

Ramses-Stadt. Bd. 1. Mainz am Rhein: von Zabern
1999. Pottery from the late new kingdom to the early Ptolemaic
period. Mainz :P. von Zabern.
2003. New Kingdom pottery phases as revealed through well-dated

tomb contexts. In Bietak, Manfred and Czerny, Ernst (eds.) The synchronisation of
civilisations in the Eastern Mediterranean in the second millennium B.C. II,
Proceedings of the SCIEM 2000--EuroConference Haindorf, 2nd of May-7th of May
2001. Wien: Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften
2006. Making a Splash—Ceramic Decoration in the Reigns of

Thutmosis III and Amenophis II. In Czerny, E., Hein, I., Hunger, H., Melman, D. and
Schwab, A. (eds) Timelines - Studies in Honour of Manfred Bietak, [Orientalia
Lovaniensia Analecta 149]. Leuven: Peeters
30
2008. Untersuchungen im Totentempel des Merenptah in Theben.
Bd. 4, The pottery. Mainz am Rhein: Von Zabern
2013. Mother’s Best Tea Service – Pottery as Diplomatic Gifts in

the Second Intermediate Period. In Bader, Bettina and Ownby, Mary F. (eds.)
Functional aspects of Egyptian ceramics in their archaeological context: proceedings
of a conference held at the McDonald Institute for Archaeological Research,
Cambridge, July 24th - July 25th, 2009. Leuven: Uitgeverij Peeters en Departement
Oosterse Studies
Aston, David, Aston Barbara and Brock, Edwin C. 1998. Pottery from the Valley of
the Kings- Tombs of Merenptah, Ramesses III, Ramesses IV and Ramesses VII. In
Ägypten und Levante, vol. 8, pp. 137-193
Aston, David, Aston, Barbara and Ryan, Donald P 2000. Pottery from tombs in the
Valley of the Kings KV 21, 27, 28, 44, 45 and 60. In Cahiers de la Ceramique
Égyptienne, vol. 6, pp. 11-26
Aston, David A. and Bietak, Manfred 2012. Tell el-Dab!a. VIII, The classification
and chronology of Tell El-Yahudiya ware. Wien: Verlag der österreichischen
Akademie der Wissenschaften
Åström, Paul 1966. Excavations at Kalopsidha and Ayios Iakovos in Cyprus. Lund:
Studies in Mediterranean Archaeology
1972a. The Swedish Cyprus Expedition Vol.4 Pt.1B, The Middle

Cypriote Bronze Age. Lund: The Swedish Cyprus Expedition
1972b. The Swedish Cyprus Expedition Vol.4 Pt.1C, The Late Cypriote
bronze age: architecture and pottery. Lund: The Swedish Cyprus Expedition
1976. Trench 3. In Åström, Paul, Bailey, M. and Karageorghis, Vassos

(eds.). Excavations 1897-1971.Göteborg: Paul Åströms
1991. Problems of definition of local and imported fabrics of Late

Cypriot “Canaanite” Ware. In Barlow, Jane A., Bolger Diane L., Kling, Barbara (eds.)
31
Cypriot ceramics: reading the prehistoric record. Philadelphia, PA : University
Museum of Archaeology and Anthropology
Aufrère, Sydney 1991. L'Univers minéral dans la pensée égyptienne. Le Caire:

Institut français d'archéologie orientale
Bachmann, H.G., Evans, H. and Hope, Colin A. 1980. Cobalt-Blue pigment on 18th
Dynasty Egyptian pottery. Mitteilungen des Deutschen Archäologischen Instituts,
Abteilung Kairo, Vol. 36, pp. 33-37
Bader B. 2002. A concise guide to Marl C-pottery. Ägypten und Levant/Egypt and the
Levant, Vol. XII, pp. 29–54
Bagh, Tine 2002. Painted pottery at the beginning of the Middle Bronze Age:
Levantine Painted Ware. In Bietak, Manfred (ed.) The Middle Bronze Age in the
Levant: proceedings of an International Conference on MB IIA Ceramic Material,
Vienna, 24th-26th of January 2001. Wien : Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der
Wissenschaften
2004. Levantine Painted Ware from the Middle Bronze Age Tombs at
Sidon. New Material from the Lebanese Coast, Archaeology and History in Lebanon,
Vol. 20, pp. 40–57
2013. Tell el-Dab!a. XXIII, Levantine painted ware from Egypt and the
Levant. Wien: Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften
Baines, John 1985. Color terminology and color classification: Ancient Egyptian
color terminology and polychromy. American Anthropologist, Vol. 87, Issue 2, pp.
282-297
1994. On the status and purposes of ancient Egyptian art. In Cambridge

Archaeological Journal, vol. 4, no. 1, pp. 67-94.
1998. The dawn of the Amarna Age. In O'Connor, David and Cline,
Eric H. (eds.) Amenhotep III: perspectives on his reign. Ann Arbor [Mich.]:
University of Michigan Press
32
2007. Visual and written culture in ancient Egypt. Oxford: Oxford
University Press
Baines, John and Yoffee, Norman 1998. Order, legitimacy and wealth in ancient
Egypt and Mesopotamia. In Feinman, Gary M. and Marcus, Joyce (eds.) Archaic
states. Santa Fe, N.M : School of American Research Press
Banou, Eleni S. The pottery, Building AC. 1995. In Betancourt, Philip P. and
Davaras, Costis (eds.) Building AC (the "Shrine") and other buildings in Area A.
Philadelphia: University Museum, University of Pennsylvania
Barlow, Jane A. 1996. Pottery. In Coleman, John E (ed.) Alambra: a Middle Bronze
age settlement in Cyprus: archaeological investigations by Cornell University 1974-
1985. Jonsered: Paul Åstrom
Barlow, Jane A. and Vaughan, Sarah J. 1993. Cypriot Red Polished Ware. A regional
study in materials and technology. In Astrom, Paul (ed.) Acta Cypria. Part 3. Acts of
an International Congress on Cypriote Archaeology Held in Göteborg on 22-24 Aug
1991. Jonsered: Paul Åstrom
Barnard, Kellee A. and Brogan, Thomas M. 2011. Pottery of the late Neopalatial
periods at Mochlos. In Brogan, Thomas M. and Hallager, Erik (eds.) LM IB pottery:
relative chronology and regional differences: acts of a workshop held at the Danish
Institute at Athens in collaboration with the INSTAP Study Center for East Crete, 27-
29 June 2007. Athens: Danish Institute at Athens
Barnard, Kellee A. et al., 2003. Mochlos Ib : period III, neopalatial settlement on the
coast ; the artisans' quarter, and the farmhouse at Chalinomouri ; the neopalatial
pottery. Philadelphia, Penn.: INSTAP Academic Press
Bartl, Karin and al-Maqdissi, Michel 2007. Ancient settlements in the Middle Orontes
Region between ar-Rastan abd Qal'at Shayzar. First results of archaeological surface
investigations 2003-2004. In Bonacossi, Daniele Morandi (ed.) Urban and natural
landscapes of an ancient Syrian capital: settlement and environment at Tell
Mishrifeh/Qatna and in central-western Syria: proceedings of the international
conference held in Udine 9-11 December 2004. Udine: Forum
33
Beck, Pirhiya 1985. The Middle Bronze Age IIA pottery from Aphek, 1972-1984:
First Summary. Tel Aviv, Vol. 12, No. 2, pp. 181-203.
2000a. Area A: Middle Bronze IIA pottery. In Kochavi, Moshe (ed.)

Aphek-Antipatris I: Excavation of Areas A and B. The 1972-1976 seasons. Tel Aviv:
Published by the Emery and Claire Yass Publications in Archaeology of the Institute
of Archaeology, Tel Aviv University
2000b. Area B: Pottery. In Kochavi, Moshe (ed.) Aphek-Antipatris I:

Excavation of Areas A and B. The 1972-1976 seasons. Tel Aviv: Published by the
Emery and Claire Yass Publications in Archaeology of the Institute of Archaeology,
Tel Aviv University
2000c. The Middle Bronze Age IIA pottery repertoire: a comparative

study. In Kochavi, Moshe (ed.) Aphek-Antipatris I: Excavation of Areas A and B. The
1972-1976 seasons. Tel Aviv: Published by the Emery and Claire Yass Publications
in Archaeology of the Institute of Archaeology, Tel Aviv University
Bell, Carol 2006. The evolution of long distance trading relationships across the
LBA/Iron Age transition on the northern Levantine Coast: crisis, continuity and
change, a study based on imported ceramics, bronze and its constituent metals.
Oxford: Archaeopress
Ben-Ami, D. 2005. The pottery of the Late Bronze Age. In Ben-Tor, Amnon, Ben-
Ami, Doron and Livneh, Ariella (eds.) Yoqne'am III: the Middle and late Bronze
Ages: final report of the archaeological excavations (1977-1988): archaeological
investigations in the Jezreel Valley, the Yoqne'am Regional Project. Jerusalem: The
Institute of Archaeology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, in cooperation with
Israel Exploration Society
Ben-Dov, Rachel 2002. The Late Bronze Age “Mycenaean” tomb. In Biran, Avraham
and Ben-Dov, Rachel (eds.) Dan II; A chronicle of the excavations and the Late
34
Bronze Age “Mycenaean” Tomb. Jerusalem: Hebrew Union College-Jewish Institute
of Religion
Bentley, R. Alexander, Hahn, Matthew W. and Shennan, Stephen J. 2004. Random

drift and culture change. In Proceedings of the Royal Society, Vol. 271, pp. 1443-
1450
Ben-Tor, Amnon, Ben-Ami, Doron and Livneh, Ariella 2005. Introduction. In Ben-
Tor, Amnon, Ben-Ami, Doron and Livneh, Ariella (eds.) Yoqne'am III: the Middle
and late Bronze Ages: final report of the archaeological excavations (1977-1988):
archaeological investigations in the Jezreel Valley, the Yoqne'am Regional Project.
Jerusalem: The Institute of Archaeology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, in
cooperation with Israel Exploration Society
Ben-Tor, A. and Bonfil, R. 2003. The stratigraphy and the pottery assemblages of the
Middle and Late Bronze Ages in Area A. In Ben-Tor, Amnon, Bonfil, Ruhama and
Zuckerman, Sharon (eds.). Tell Qashish: A village in the Jezreel Valley: final report
of the archaeological excavations (1978-1987). Jerusalem, Israel: Institute of
Archaeology, Hebrew University of Jerusalem
Ben-Tor, Amnon, Bonfil, Ruhama and Zuckerman, Sharon 2003. Introduction. In

Ben-Tor, Amnon, Bonfil, Ruhama and Zuckerman, Sharon (eds.). Tell Qashish: A
village in the Jezreel Valley: final report of the archaeological excavations (1978-
1987). Jerusalem, Israel: Institute of Archaeology, Hebrew University of Jerusalem
Berelov, Ilya 2006. Occupation and abandonment of Middle Bronze Age Zahrat adh-
Dhra'1, Jordan: the behavioural implications of quantitative ceramic analyses.
Oxford: Archaeopress
Bergoffen, Celia 2001. The Proto-White Slip and White Slip I pottery from Tell el-
Ajjul. In Karageorghis, Vassos (ed.) The white slip ware of late bronze age Cyprus :
35
2005. The Cypriot bronze age pottery from Sir Leonard Woolley's
excavations at Alalakh (Tell Atchana). Wien: Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie
der Wissenschaften
Bernini, Lara E. 1995. Ceramics of the Early Neo-Palatial Period at Palaikastro. In

The Annual of the British School at Athens, Vol. 90, Centenary Volume, pp. 55-82
Betancourt, Philip P. 1985. The history of Minoan pottery. Princeton, N.J: Princeton
University Press
1990. Kommos II: The Final Neolithic through Middle Minoan

III pottery. Oxford : Princeton University Press
1995. The function of building AC. In Betancourt, Philip P. and

Davaras, Costis (eds.) Building AC (the "Shrine") and other buildings in Area A.
1999a. The pottery, Building BV. In Betancourt, Philip P. and

Davaras, Costis (eds.) Minoan buildings in areas B, C, D, and F. Philadelphia:
University Museum, University of Pennsylvania
1999b. Summary and discussion of Area B. In Betancourt,

Philip P. and Davaras, Costis (eds.) Minoan buildings in areas B, C, D, and F.
2004. Pseira and Knossos: The Transformation of an East

Cretan Seaport. In Day, Leslie Preston, Mook, Margaret S. and Muhly, James David
(eds.) Crete beyond the palaces: proceedings of the Crete 2000 Conference.
Philadelphia: INSTAP Academic Press
2007. Introduction to Aegean art. Philadelphia, PA: INSTAP

Academic Press
Bevan, Andrew 2010a. Political Geography and Palatial Crete. In Journal of

Mediterranean Archaeology 23.1 (2010) 27-54
36
2010b. Making and marking social relationships: Bronze Age
brandings and Mediterranean commodities, In Bevan, A. and Wengrow, D. (eds)
Cultures of community branding. Walnut Creek, CA: Left Coast Press
Bienkowski, Piotr 1986. Jericho in the Late Bronze Age. Warminster: Aris & Phillips
Bietak, Manfred 2010. From Where Came the Hyksos and Where Did They Go? In
Marée, Marcel (ed.) The Second Intermediate Period (thirteenth-seventeenth
dynasties): current research, future prospects. Leuven: Peeters
Bijker, Wiebe E. and Law, John 1992a. General Introduction. In Bijker, Wiebe E. and
Law, John (eds.) Shaping technology/building society: studies in sociotechnical
change. London: MIT Press
Bijker, Wiebe E. and Law, John 1992b. Postcript: Technology, Stability and Social
Theory. In Bijker, Wiebe E. and Law, John (eds.) Shaping technology/building
society: studies in sociotechnical change. London: MIT Press
Bisset, Norman G., Jan G. Bruhn, and Meinhart H. Zenk. 1996. The presence of
opium in a 3.500 year old Cypriote base ring juglet. Egypt and the Levant, vol. 6, p.
203
Blackman, M. James, Stein, Gil J. and Vandiver, Pamela B. 1993. The standardization
hypothesis and ceramic mass production: technological, compositional, and metric
indexes of craft specialisation at Tell Leilan, Syria. In American Antiquity, Vol. 58,
No. 1, pp. 60-80
Bliege Bird, R. and Smith, E. 2005. Signaling theory, strategic interaction, and
symbolic capital. In Current Anthropology, Vol. 46, No. 2, pp. 221-248
Bomann, Ann 1995. Report on the 1987 excavations. The excavation of house
P46.33. In Kemp, Barry (ed.) Amarna Reports VI. London: Egypt Exploration Society
Bonacossi, Daniele Morandi 2007. Qatna and its hinterland during the Bronze and
Iron Ages. A preliminary reconstruction of urbanism and settlement in the Mishrifeh
Region. In Bonacossi, Daniele Morandi (ed.) Urban and natural landscapes of an
37
ancient Syrian capital : settlement and environment at Tell Mishrifeh/Qatna and in
central-western Syria: proceedings of the international conference held in Udine 9-11
December 2004. Udine: Forum
Bonfil, Ruhama 2003. Pottery typology of the Middle Bronze Age and the Late
Bronze Age. In Ben-Tor, Amnon, Bonfil, Ruhama and Zuckerman, Sharon (eds.). Tell
Qashish: A village in the Jezreel Valley: final report of the archaeological
excavations (1978-1987). Jerusalem, Israel : Institute of Archaeology, Hebrew
University of Jerusalem
Bourdieu, Pierre 1977. Outline of a theory of practice. Cambridge: Cambridge

University Press
Bourriau, Janine 1981. Umm el-Ga'ab: pottery from the Nile valley before the Arab
conquest : exhibition organised by the Fitzwilliam Museum, Cambridge, 6 October to
11 December 1981. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
1986. Cemetery and Settlement Pottery of the Second Intermediate

Period to the Early New Kingdom. Bulletin of the Egyptological Seminar, vol. 8, pp.
47-59
1997. Beyond Avaris: The Second Intermediate Period in Egypt

outside the Eastern Delta. In Oren, Eliezer D. (ed.) The Hyksos: new historical and
archaeological perspectives. Philadelphia: University Museum, University of
Pennsylvania
2000. The Second Intermediate Period (c.1650-1550 BC). In Shaw,

Ian (ed.) The Oxford history of Ancient Egypt. Oxford: Oxford University Press
2010a. The Relative Chronology of the Second Intermediate Period:

Problems in Linking Regional Archaeological Sequences. In Marée, Marcel (ed.) The
Second Intermediate Period (thirteenth-seventeenth dynasties): current research,
future prospects. Leuven: Peeters
2010b. The survey of Memphis Vol. 4, Kom Rabia: the New Kingdom
pottery. London: Egypt Exploration Society
38
Bourriau, Janine and Aston, David A. 1985. The pottery. In Martin, Geoffrey
Thorndike (ed.) The tomb-chapels of Paser and Raıa at Saqqâra. London : Egypt
Exploration Society
Bourriau, Janine and French, Peter 1984. Kom el-Rabia, excavations at Memphis
1984. Bulletin de liaison du groupe international d'étude de la céramique égyptienne,
IX, pp. 12-13
Bourriau et. al. 2005. The Memphite tomb of "orem#eb, commander-in-chief of

Tut!ankham$n; 3, The New Kingdom pottery. London: Egypt Exploration Society
Bourriau, Janine D., Nicholson, Paul T. and Rose, Pamela J. 2000. Pottery. In
Nicholson, Paul T. and Shaw, Ian (eds.) Ancient Egyptian materials and technology.
Braun, David P. 1991. Why Decorate a Pot? Midwestern Household Pottery 200
B.C.-A.D.600 . In Journal of Anthropological Archaeology, Vol. 10, pp. 360-397
Bretschneider, Joachim 1997. “Nuzi keramik” aus der Unterstadt (Feld J). In Lebeau,
Marc and Suleiman, Antoine (eds.) Tell Beydar, three seasons of excavations (1992-
1994): a preliminary report. Turnhout: Brepols
Broodbank, Cyprian 2007. The Pottery. In Renfrew, C., Doumas, C., Marangou, L.,
Gavalas, G. (eds.) Keros, Dhaskalio-Kavos: The Investigations of 1987-1988.
Cambridge: McDonald Institute for Archaeological Research,
2013. The making of the Middle Sea: a history of the

Mediterranean from the beginning to the emergence of the Classical world. London:
Thames & Hudson
Brumfiel, Elizabeth M. and Earle, Timothy K. 1987. Specialization, exchange and

complex societies: an introduction. In Brumfiel, Elizabeth M. and Earle, Timothy K.
(eds.) Specialization, exchange and complex societies. Cambridge: Cambridge
University Press
39
Budka, J. 2006. The Oriental Institute Ahmose and Tetisheri Project at Abydos 2002–
2004: The New Kingdom Pottery. In Egypt & Levant, Vol. 16, pp. 105-8.
2013. Festival Pottery from New Kingdom Egypt: Three Case Studies. In
Bader, Bettina and Ownby, Mary F. (eds.) Functional aspects of Egyptian ceramics in
their archaeological context: proceedings of a conference held at the McDonald
Institute for Archaeological Research, Cambridge, July 24th - July 25th, 2009.
Leuven: Uitgeverij Peeters en Departement Oosterse Studies
Bunimovitz, Shlomo 2004. The Late Cypriot pottery. In Ussishkin, David (ed.) The
renewed archaeological excavations at Lachish (1973-1994). Tel Aviv: Emery and
Claire Yass Publications in Archaeology
Cadogan, Gerald 1978. Pyrgos, Crete, 1970–7. In Archaeological Reports, Vol. 24, pp
70-84
1991. Cypriot Bronze Age Pottery and the Aegean. In Barlow, Jane
A., Bolger Diane L., Kling, Barbara (eds.) Cypriot ceramics: reading the prehistoric
record. Philadelphia, PA : University Museum of Archaeology and Anthropology
Callender, Gae 2000. The Middle Kingdom renaissance (c. 2055-1650 BC). In Shaw,
Ian (ed.) The Oxford history of Ancient Egypt. Oxford: Oxford University Press
Caloi, Ilaria 2013. Connecting Crete with the Near East and Egypt in the Minoan
Protopalatial Period: what news in the 21st century? In Bombardieri, Luca (ed.)
SOMA 2012: identity and connectivity: proceedings of the 16th Symposium on
Mediterranean Archaeology, Florence, Italy, 1-3 March 2012. Oxford: Archaeopress !
Castelli, Fulvia, Happé, Francesca, Frith, Uta, Frith, Chris 2000. Movement and
Mind: A Functional Imaging Study of Perception and Interpretation of Complex
Intentional Movement Patterns. In NeuroImage, Vol. 12, Issue 3, pp. 314–325
Catling, Elizabeth, Catling, Hector, Smyth, David, Jones, Glynis and Jones, R. E.
1979. Knossos 1975: Middle Minoan III and Late Minoan I Houses by the Acropolis.
In The Annual of the British School at Athens, Vol. 74, pp. 1-80
40
Catling, H.W. 1957. The Bronze Age Pottery. In du Plat Taylor, Joan (ed.) Myrtou-
Pigadhes: a late bronze age sanctuary in Cyprus. London: Printed for the Dept. of
Antiquities, Ashmolean Museum, by Headley Brothers
Chatzi-Vallianou, Despina 2011. LM IB pottery from the rural Villa of Pitsidia: a

response to Jeremy Rutter. In Brogan, Thomas M. and Hallager, Erik (eds.) LM IB
pottery: relative chronology and regional differences: acts of a workshop held at the
Danish Institute at Athens in collaboration with the INSTAP Study Center for East
Crete, 27-29 June 2007. Athens: Danish Institute at Athens
Cinzia, Di Dio, and Gallese Vittorio 2009. Neuroaesthetics: a review. In Current

opinion in neurobiology, Vol. 19, No. 6, pp. 682-687
Cline, Eric H. Yasur-Landau, Assaf and Goshen, Nurith 2011. New Fragments of
Aegean-Style Painted Plaster from Tel Kabri, Israel. In American Journal of
Archaeology, Vol. 115, No. 2, pp. 245-261
Cohen, Susan L. 2002. Middle Bronze Age IIA ceramic typology and settlement in
the southern Levant. In Bietak, Manfred (ed.) The Middle Bronze Age in the Levant :
proceedings of an International Conference on MB IIA Ceramic Material, Vienna,
24th-26th of January 2001. Wien : Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der
Wissenschaften
Colantoni, Alessandro 2010. A preliminary account on the Late Bronze Age pottery
production at Tell Mardikh/Ebla. In Matthiae, Paolo (ed.) Proceedings of the 6th
International Congress of the Archaeology of the Ancient Near East: 5 May-10 May
2009, 'Sapienza', Università di Roma. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz
Coleman, John E. 1992 [1954]. Greece, Aegean, Cyprus. In Ehrich, Robert W. (ed.)
Chronologies in Old World archaeology. Chicago: University of Chicago Press
Coleman, John E. et al 1996. Alambra: a Middle Bronze age settlement in Cyprus:

archaeological investigations by Cornell University 1974-1985. Jonsered: Paul
Åstrom
41
Collard, David 2011. Altered states of consciousness and ritual in late Bronze Age
Cyprus. University of Nottingham: Unpublished PhD thesis
Conkey, Margaret W. 2006. Style, Design and Function. In Tilley, Christopher (ed.)
Handbook of material culture. London; Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE
Conkey, Margaret W. and Hastorf, Christine A. 1990. Introduction. In Conkey,

Margaret W. and Hastorf, Christine A. (eds.) The uses of style in archaeology.
Coomaraswamy, A.K. 1938. "Ornament" Art Bulletin 21, 375-82
Costin, Cathy L. and Hagstrum, Melissa B. 1995. Standardization, labor investment,

skill and the organization of ceramic production in Late Prehispanic Highland Peru. In
American Antiquity, Vol. 60, No. 4, pp. 619-639
Courtois, Jacques-Claude, Lagarce, Elisabeth and Lagarce Jacques 1986. Enkomi et le

bronze récent à Chypre. Nicosie, Chypre: Impr. Zavallis
Crewe, Lindy 2007. Early Enkomi: regionalism, trade and society at the beginning of
the late Bronze Age on Cyprus. Oxford: Archaeopress
2009. Tomb 1 (1956) at Galinoporni and the Middle-Late Cypriot

transition in the Karpas Peninsula. Report of the Department of Antiquities, Cyprus,
pp. 89-115.
2012. Beyond copper: commodities and values in Middle Bronze Age

Cypro-levantine exchanges. In Oxford Journal of Archaeology, Vol. 31, pp. 225–243
Crewe, L., Croft, P., Graham, L., & McCarthy, A. 2008. First Preliminary Report of
Excavations at Kissonerga-Skalia, 2007. In Report of the Department of Antiquities,
Cyprus, pp. 105-120.
Crewe, Lindy and Knappett, Carl 2012. Technological innovation and island
societies: wheelmade pottery on Bronze Age and Iron Age Crete and Cyprus. In
Cadogan, Gerald, Iacovou, Maria, Kopaka, Katerina and Whitley, James (eds.)
Parallel lives: ancient island societies in Crete and Cyprus: papers arising from the
42
conference in Nicosia organised by the British School at Athens, the University of
Crete and the University of Cyprus, in November-December 2006. London: British
School at Athens
Crilly, Nathan 2010. The roles that artefacts play: technical, social and aesthetic
functions. In Design Studies, Vol. 31, No. 4, pp. 311-344
Croft 1979. Excavations at Kalavasos Village-Panayia Church Area. In Report of the

Department of Antiquities, Cyprus (RDAC), pp. 45-63.
Croft, Paul W. and Todd, Ian A. 1986. The 1978 Excavations: The tombs. In Todd,
Ian A (ed.) Vasilikos Valley Project 1. Göteborg: P. Åströms förlag
Crouwel, J. H. 1991. The Mycenaean pictorial pottery. In Well built Mycenae : the
Helleno-British excavations within the citadel at Mycenae, 1959-1969, Fascicule 21.
Oxford: Oxbow Books
Crumley, Carole L 1987. A dialectical critique of hierarchy. In Patterson, Thomas C.

and Gailey, Christine W. (eds.) Power relations and state formation. Washington,
D.C. : American Anthropological Association
Cullen, Tracey and Wheeler, Elisabeth C. 1986. Ceramics. In Todd, Ian A (ed.)
Vasilikos Valley Project 1. Göteborg: P. Åströms förlag
Curvers, Hans H., Schwartz, Glenn M. and Dunham, Sally 1997. Umm el-Marra, a
Bronze Age Urban Centre in the Jabbul Plain, Western Syria. In American Journal of
Danto, Arthur, C. 1988. "Artifact and art", pp. 18-32 in S. Vogel ed. Art/Artifact:
African Art in Anthropology Collections. New York, Center for African Art
Daviau, P. M. Michèle 1993. Houses and their furnishing in Bronze Age Palestine:
domestic activity areas and artefact distribution in the middle and late Bronze Ages.
Sheffield: JSOT Pres
David, N., J. Sterner and K, Gavua. 1988. "Why are pots decorated." Current
Anthropology 29.3: 365-89
43
Daw, Nigel 2012. How vision works: the physiological mechanisms behind what we
see. Oxford: Oxford University Press
Day, P. M., Relaki, M. and Faber, E. W. 2006. Pottery making and social
reproduction in the Bronze Age Mesara. In Wiener, Malcolm H. et al. (eds.) Pottery
and society: the impact of recent studies in Minoan pottery: gold medal colloquium in
honor of Philip P. Betancourt: 104th annual meeting of the Archaeological Institute
of America, New Orleans, Louisiana, 5 January 2003. Boston: Archaeological
Institute of America
Day, Peter M. and Wilson, David E. 1998. Consuming power: Kamares Ware in
Protopalatial Knossos. In Antiquity, Vol. 72, No. 276, pp. 350-358
2002. Landscapes of memory, craft and

power in Prepalatial and Protopalatial Knossos. In Hamilakis, Yannis (ed.) Labyrinth
revisited: rethinking 'Minoan' archaeology. Oxford: Oxbow
Dickinson, O. T. P. K. 1994. The Aegean Bronze age. Cambridge: Cambridge

University Press
Dietler, Michael and Herbich, Ingrid 1998. Habitus, Techniques, Style: An integrated
Approach to the social understanding of material culture and boundaries. In Stark,
Miriam T. (ed.) The archaeology of social boundaries. Washington D.C.; London:
Smithsonian Institution Press
Dikaios, Porphyrios 1969. Enkomi: excavations, 1948-1958. Vol. 1, The architectural

remains. The tombs. Mainz-am-Rhein: Zabern.
1971. Enkomi: excavations, 1948-1958. Vol. 2, Chronology,

summary and conclusions, catalogue, appendices. Mainz-am-Rhein: Zabern.
Dissanayake, Ellen 1992. Empathy Theory Reconsidered : The Psychobiology of

Aesthetic Responses. In Homo aestheticus: where art comes from and why. 1st
University of Washington Press pbk ed. Seattle
44
Dornemann, Rudolph H. 1981. The Late Bronze Age Pottery Tradition at Tell Hadidi,
Syria. In Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research, Vol. 241, pp. 29- 47
Dothan, Trude and Ben-Tor, Amnon 1983. Excavations at Athienou, Cyprus, 1971-
1972. Jerusalem: Hebrew University of Jerusalem
Dothan, Trude, Zuckerman, Sharon and Goren, Yuval 2000. Kamares wares at Hazor.
In Israel Exploration Journal, Vol. 50, No. ", pp. 1-15
Dreyer, G., Arnold, F., Budka, J., Franke, D., Hoffmann, F., Keller, D., & Raue, D.
2008. Stadt und Tempel von Elephantine 33./34./35. Grabungsbericht. In Mitteilungen
des Deutschen Archäologischen Instituts. Abteilung Kairo, vol. 64, pp. 63-151.
Driessen, Jan 2002. “The king must die”. Some observations on the use of Minoan
court compounds. In Driessen, Jan, Schoep, Ilse and Laffineur, Robert (eds.)
Monuments of Minos : rethinking the Minoan palaces : proceedings of the
International Workshop "Crete of the hundred palaces?" held at the Université
Catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, 14-15 December 2001. Liège: Service
d'Histoire de l'art et archéologie de la Grèce antique
2004. The Central Court of the Palace at Knossos. In Cadogan,

Gerald, Hatzaki, Eleni and Vasilakis, Adonis (eds.) British School at Athens
Conference and Prehistoric and Classical Antiquities of Herakleion Ephoreia (23rd:
2000: Herakleion, Cyprus): Knossos: palace, city, state; proceedings of the
conference in Herakleion organised by the British School at Athens and the 23rd
Ephoreia of Prehistoric and Classical Antiquities of Herakleion, in November 2000,
for the Centenary of Sir Arthur Evan's excavations at Knossos. London: British
School at Athens
Driessen, Jan et al. 2002. Introduction. In Driessen, Jan, Schoep, Ilse and Laffineur,
Robert (eds.) Monuments of Minos: rethinking the Minoan palaces : proceedings of
the International Workshop "Crete of the hundred palaces?" held at the Université
45
Dugay, Laurinda 1996. Specialized pottery production on Bronze Age Cyprus and
pottery use-wear analysis. In Journal of Mediterranean Archaeology 9.2, pp. 167-192
Dunn-Vaturi 2003. Vounous: C.F.A. Schaeffer’s excavations in 1933: tombs 49-79.

Jonsered: P. Åströms
Du Plat Taylor, Joan 1957. Myrtou-Pigadhes: a late bronze age sanctuary in Cyprus.
London: Printed for the Dept. of Antiquities, Ashmolean Museum, by Headley
Brothers
Einwag, Berthold 1998. Die Keramik aus dem Bereich des Palastes A in Tall
Bi'a/Tuttul. Wien: Profil
Emboden, William A. 1981. Transcultural use of narcotic water lilies in ancient

Egyptian and Maya drug ritual. In Journal of ethnopharmacology, vol. 3, No.1, pp.
39-83
Engel, Eva-Maria, Jánosi, Peter, Mlinar, Christa and Czerny, Ernst 2001. Tell el-
Dab’a. I: Tell el-Dab’a and Qantir, the site and its connection with Avaris and
Piramesse. Wien: Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften
Epstein, Claire 1966. Palestinian bichrome ware. Leiden: E.J. Brill
Erb-Statullo, N. L. Shortland, A. J., and Eremin K. 2011. Chemical and mineralogical

approaches to the organization of Late Bronze Age Nuzi Ware production. In
Archaeometry, Vol. 53, No. 6, pp. 1171-1192
Eriksson, Kathryn 1991. Red Lustrous Wheelmade Ware: A product of LBA Cyprus.
In Barlow, Jane A., Bolger Diane L., Kling, Barbara (eds.) Cypriot ceramics : reading
the prehistoric record. Philadelphia, PA: University Museum of Archaeology and
Anthropology
2007. The creative independence of Late Bronze Age Cyprus: an

account of the archaeological importance of white slip ware. Wien: Verlag der
46
Evans, Jean M. 2008. The Mitanni State. In Aruz, Joan , Benzel, Kim and Evans, Jean
M. (eds.) Beyond Babylon : art, trade, and diplomacy in the second millennium B.C.
London : Yale University Press
Falconer, Steven E. 1994. Village economy and society in the Jordan Valley: A study
of Bronze Age rural complexity. In Schwartz, Glenn M. and Falconer, Steven E.
(eds.) Archaeological views from the countryside; village communities in early
complex societies. Washington: Smithsonian Institution Press
1995. Rural responses to urbanism: Bronze Age household and

village economy at Tell el-Hayyat, Jordan. In Journal of Field Archaeology, Vol. 22,
pp. 399-419
Falconer, Steven E. and Berelov, Ilya 2006. In Falconer, Steven E. and Fall, Patricia
L. (eds) Bronze Age rural ecology and village life at Tell el-Hayyat, Jordan. Oxford:
Archaeopress
Falconer, Steven E., Magness-Gardiner, Bonnie and Metzger, Mary C. 1984.

Preliminary report of the first season of the Tell el-Hayyat project. In Bulletin of the
American Schools of Oriental Research, Vol. 255, pp. 49-74
Fall, P. L., Falconer, S. E., Horowitz, M., Hunt, J., Metzger, M. C., & Ryter, D. 2008.
Bronze Age settlement and landscape of Politiko-Troullia, 2005-2007. In Report of
the Department of Antiquities, Cyprus, 2008, pp. 183-208
Feinman, Gary, Kowalewski, Stephen A, Blanton, Richard E 1984. Modelling

ceramic production and organizational change in the pre-hispanic valley of Oaxaca,
Mexico. In van der Leeuw, Sander Ernst and Pritchard,Alison C (eds.) The many
dimensions of pottery : ceramics in archaeology and anthropology. Amsterdam :
Universiteit van Amsterdam
47
Feinman, Gary M., Upham, Steadman and Lightfoot, Kent G. 1981. The production
step measure: an ordinal index of labor input in ceramic manufacture. In American
Antiquity, Vol. 46, No. 4, pp. 871-884
Finkelstein, Israel 1992. Middle Bronze Age 'Fortifications': A Reflection of Social

Organization and Political Formations. In Tel Aviv: Journal of the Institute of
Archaeology of Tel Aviv University, Volume 19, Number 2, pp. 201-220
Finkelstein, Israel, Ussishkin, David and Halpern, Baruch 2000. Megiddo III: The
1992-1996 seasons. Tel Aviv: Emery and Claire Yass Publications in Archaeology,
Institute of Archaeology
Fischer, Peter M. 1999. Chocolate-on-White Ware: Typology, Chronology, and

Provenance: The Evidence from Tell Abu al-Kharaz, Jordan Valley. Bulletin of the
American Schools of Oriental Research, No. 313, pp. 1-29
Floyd, Cheryl R. 1998. The pottery. In Betancourt, Philip P. and Davaras, Costis
(eds.) The Plateia Building. Philadelphia: University Museum, University of
Pennsylvania.
1999. The pottery, building BY. In Betancourt, Philip P. and

Davaras, Costis (eds.) Minoan buildings in areas B, C, D, and F. Philadelphia:
University Museum, University of Pennsylvania.
Forstner-Müller I. 2003. Continuity and Discontinuity- Attempting to establish the

Beginning of the Hyksos Period at Tell el-Dabca. In Bietak, Manfred and Czerny,
Ernst (ed.) The synchronisation of civilisations in the Eastern Mediterranean in the
second millennium B.C. II, Proceedings of the SCIEM 2000--EuroConference
Haindorf, 2nd of May-7th of May 2001. Wien: Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie
der Wissenschaften
Fox, Rachel Sarah 2012. Feasting practices and changes in Greek society from the
late Bronze Age to early Iron Age. Oxford: Archaeopress
Franke, D. 1995. The Middle Kingdom in Egypt. In Sasson, Jack M. (ed.)

Civilizations of the ancient Near East. New York: Scribner.
48
Frankel, David 1988. Pottery production in prehistoric Bronze Age Cyprus: Assessing
the problem. In Journal of Mediterranean Archaeology Vol. 1, No. 2 pp. 27-55
1993. Inter- and intrasite variability and social interaction in

prehistoric Bronze Age Cyprus: types, ranges and trends. Bulletin of the American
Schools of Oriental Research, No. 292, pp. 59-72
Frankel, David and Webb, Jennifer M. 1996. Marki Alonia: an Early and Middle
Bronze Age town in Cyprus: excavations 1990-1994. Jonsered: P. Åströms förlag
2001. Population, households and ceramic

consumption in a prehistoric Cypriot village. Journal of Field Archaeology, Vol. 28,
pp. 115-129
2006. Marki Alonia: an Early and Middle

Bronze Age town in Cyprus: excavations 1995-2000. Jonsered: P. Åströms förlag
2007. The Bronze Age cemeteries at

Deneia in Cyprus. Studies in Mediterranean Archaeology CXXV. Sävedalen: P.
Åströms förlag
2012. Pottery production and distribution in

prehistoric Bronze Age Cyprus. An application of pXRF analysis. In Journal of
Archaeological Science, Vol. 39, pp. 1380-1387
Frankfort, H. and Pendlebury, J. D. S, 1933. The City of Akhenaten II. London: Egypt
Exploration Society
Foster, Karen Polinger 1989. Translations into Clay: Inspiration and imitation in
Minoan Potter. In McGovern, P.E. And Notis, M.D. (eds.) Cross-craft and cross-
cultural interactions in ceramics. Westerville, OH: American Ceramic Society
Frankfort, Henri 1924. Studies in early pottery of the Near East Vol. I. London :
Royal Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland.
1927. Studies in early pottery of the Near East Vol. II. London :
Royal Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland
49
Freedberg, David, and Gallese, Vittorio 2007. Motion, emotion and empathy in
esthetic experience. In Trends in cognitive sciences, Vol. 11, No. 5, pp. 197-203
Frieman, Catherine 2010. Imitation, identity and communication: The presence and
problems of skeuomorphs in the Metal Ages. In Eriksen, B. V. (ed.) Lithic technology
in metal using societies. Aarhus: Jutland Archaeological Society.
2012. Innovation and imitation: stone skeuomorphs of metal from

4th-2nd millennia BC northwest Europe. Oxford: Archaeopress
Fuscaldo, P. 2000. Tell el-Dabca X. The Palace District of Avaris: The Pottery of the
Hyksos Period and the New Kingdom (Areas H/III and H/VI). Wien: Verlag der
Österreichische Akademie der Wisenschaften
2001. Preliminary Report on the 18th Dynasty Pottery from cEzbet

Helmi, Area H/III-t-u/17 (The Bathroom). In Ägypten und Levante, Vol. 11, pp.
149-166
Gadot, Yuval 2009. Late Bronze and Iron Age Pottery. In Gadot, Yuval and Yadin,
Esther (eds.) Aphek-Antipatris II: the remains on the acropolis: the Moshe Kochavi
and Pirhiya Beck excavations. Tel Aviv: Emery and Claire Yass Publications in
Archaeology, Institute of Archaeology, Tel Aviv University
Gadot, Yuval, Yasur-Landau Assaf and Ilan, David 2006. The Middle Bronze III and
Late Bronze I pottery from Areas F and N. In Finkelstein, Israel, Ussishkin, David
and Halpern, Baruch (eds) Megiddo IV: The 1998-2002 seasons. Tel Aviv: Emery and
Claire Yass Publications in Archaeology, Institute of Archaeology
Gaiger-Smith 1986. Notes on the Colloquium on Ceramics and Metalware, Oxford,

March 1985. In Vickers, Michael (ed.) Pots & pans: a Colloquium on Precious
Metals and Ceramics in the Muslim, Chinese, and Graeco-Roman Worlds, Oxford
1985. New York: Published by Oxford University Press for the Board of the Faculty
of Oriental Studies, University of Oxford
50
Galaty, Michael L. 1999. Wealth Ceramics, Staple Ceramics. Pots and the Mycenaean
palaces. In Galaty, Michael L. and Parkinson, William A. (eds.) Rethinking
Mycenaean palaces: new interpretations of an old idea. Los Angeles, Calif.:
University of California, The Cotsen Institute of Archaeology
Galaty, Michael L. and Parkinson, William A 1999. Putting Mycenaean palaces in

their place. An introduction. In Galaty, Michael L. and Parkinson, William A. (eds.)
Rethinking Mycenaean palaces : new interpretations of an old idea. Los Angeles,
Calif.: University of California, The Cotsen Institute of Archaeology
Garfinkel, Yosef and Greenberg, Raphael 1997. Area L. In Ben-Tor, Amnon and
Bonfil, Ruhama (eds.) Hazor V: an account of the fifth season of excavation, 1968.
Jerusalem: Israel Exploration Society: Hebrew University of Jerusalem
Gell, A. 1998. Art and Agency: An Anthropological Theory. Oxford: University Press
2006. In Hirsch, Eric (ed.) The art of anthropology: essays and diagrams.
Oxford: Berg
Genette, Gerard 1999. The aesthetic relation. London: Cornell University Press
Gillis, Carole 1990. Minoan conical cups: form, function and significance. Göteborg:
Åströms Förlag
Gittlen, Barry M. 1981. The Cultural and Chronological Implications of the Cypro-
Palestinian Trade during the Late Bronze Age. In Bulletin of the American Schools of
Oriental Research Vol. 241, pp. 49-59
Gombrich, E.H. 1979. The Sense of Order: A Study in the Psychology of Decorative
Art. Oxford : Phaidon
1982. The image & the eye : further studies in the psychology of
pictorial representation. Oxford: Phaidon
Gophna, Ram and Beck, Pirhiya 1981. The Rural Aspect of the Settlement Pattern of
the Coastal Plain in the Middle Bronze Age II. In Tel Aviv, Vol. 8, pp. 45-80
51
Goren, Rivka 1992. The Late Bronze Age. In Ben-Tor, Amnon (ed.) The archaeology
of ancient Israel. London : Yale University Press
Goren, Y., Bunimovitz, S., Finkelstein, I., and Na'Aman, N. 2003. The location of
Alashiya: new evidence from petrographic investigation of Alashiyan tablets from el-
Amarna and Ugarit. In American Journal of Archaeology, vol. 107, no. 2, pp. 233-255
Gosselain, Olivier P., and Livingstone Smith, Alexandre 2005. The source: Clay
selection and processing practices in sub-Saharan Africa. In Livingstone Smith,
Alexandre, Bosquet, Dominique and Martineau, Rémi (eds.) Pottery manufacturing
processes: Reconstruction and interpretation. Oxford: Archaeopress
Grabar, Oleg 1992. The mediation of ornament. Princeton, NJ : Princeton University

Press
Grajetzki, Wolfram 2006. The middle kingdom of ancient Egypt: history, archaeology
and society. London: Duckworth
Gregory, Richard L. 1998. Eye and brain: the psychology of seeing. Oxford: Oxford
University Press
Groenewegen-Frankfort, Henriette Antonia 1951. Arrest and movement : an essay on

space and time in the representational art of the ancient Near East. London : Faber
and Faber
Guasch Jané , Maria Rosa 2008. Wine in ancient Egypt: a cultural and analytical
study. Oxford: Archaeopress
Guzowska, Marta and Yasur-Landau, Assaf 2009. Mycenaean pottery. In Gadot,

Yuval and Yadin, Esther (eds.) Aphek-Antipatris II: the remains on the acropolis: the
Moshe Kochavi and Pirhiya Beck excavations. Tel Aviv: Emery and Claire Yass
Publications in Archaeology, Institute of Archaeology, Tel Aviv University
Guz-Zilberstein, Bracha 1984. The local pottery. In Stern, Ephraim (ed.) Excavations
at Tel Mevorakh 1973-1976. Jerusalem: Institute of Archaeology, Hebrew University
of Jerusalem
52
Haggis, Donald C. 2012. The Lakkos pottery and Middle Minoan IB Petras. In
Tsipopoulou, Metaxia (ed.) Petras,Siteia: 25 years of excavations and studies : acts of
a two-day conference held at the Danish Institute at Athens, 9-10 October 2010.
Athens: Danish Institute at Athens
Halpern, Baruch 2000. Centre and sentry: Megiddo's role in transit, administration
and trade. In Finkelstein, Israel, Ussishkin, David and Halpern, Baruch (eds) Megiddo
III: The 1992-1996 seasons. Tel Aviv: Emery and Claire Yass Publications in
Archaeology, Institute of Archaeology
Hamilakis, Yannis 1999. Food Technologies/Technologies of the Body: The Social

Context of Wine and Oil Production and Consumption in Bronze Age Crete. In World
Archaeology, Vol. 31, No. 1, Food Technology in Its Social Context:
Production,Processing and Storage, pp. 38-54
2002. Too many chiefs? Factional competition in Neopalatial

Crete. In Driessen, Jan, Schoep, Ilse and Laffineur, Robert (eds.) Monuments of
Minos : rethinking the Minoan palaces : proceedings of the International Workshop
"Crete of the hundred palaces?" held at the Université Catholique de Louvain,
Louvain-la-Neuve, 14-15 December 2001. Liège: Service d'Histoire de l'art et
archéologie de la Grèce antique
2013. Archaeology and the senses: human experience, memory, and

affect. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
Hankey, Vronwy 1984. The Mycenaean pottery. In Stern, Ephraim (ed.) Excavations
at Tel Mevorakh 1973-1976. Jerusalem: Institute of Archaeology, Hebrew University
of Jerusalem
Harrison, Rodney 2003. ‘The Magical Virtue of These Sharp Things’ Colonialism,
Mimesis and Knapped Bottle Glass Artefacts in Australia. In Journal of Material
Culture, Vol. 8, No. 3, pp. 311-336
Hatzaki, Eleni 2004. From Final Palatial to Postpalatial Knossos: a view from the
Late Minoan II to Late Minoan IIIB town. In Cadogan, Gerald, Hatzaki, Eleni and
53
Vasilakis, Adonis (eds.) British School at Athens Conference and Prehistoric and
Classical Antiquities of Herakleion Ephoreia (23rd: 2000: Herakleion, Cyprus):
Knossos: palace, city, state; proceedings of the conference in Herakleion organised
by the British School at Athens and the 23rd Ephoreia of Prehistoric and Classical
Antiquities of Herakleion, in November 2000, for the Centenary of Sir Arthur Evan's
excavations at Knossos. London: British School at Athens
2007a. Neopalatial (MMIIIB-LMIB). In Momigliano, Nicoletta (ed.)

Knossos pottery handbook : Neolithic and Bronze Age (Minoan). London: British
School at Athens
2007b. Final Palatial (LMII-LMIIIA2) and Postpalatial (LMIIIB-

LMIIIC). In Momigliano, Nicoletta (ed.) Knossos pottery handbook : Neolithic and
Bronze Age (Minoan). London: British School at Athens
2007c. Well 576: The pottery deposits and ceramic sequence. In

MacGillivray, J. A., Sackett, L. H., Driessen, J. (eds.) Palaikastro : two late Minoan
wells. London: British School at Athens
2011. Defining “domestic” architecture and “household” assemblages

in Late Bronze Age Knossos. In Glowacki, Kevin T. and Vogeikoff-Brogan, Natalia
(eds.) Stega: the archaeology of houses and households in ancient Crete. Princeton,
N.J.: American School of Classical Studies at Athens
Hegmon, Michelle 1992. Archaeological research on style. In Annual Review of

Anthropology, Vol. 21, pp. 517-536.
1998. Technology, style and social practices: archaeological

approaches. In Stark, Miriam T. (ed.) The archaeology of social boundaries.
Washington D.C.; London: Smithsonian Institution Press
Hemsley, Lucy MacLaurin 1993. Techniques of pottery production: MC tombs at

Kalavasos. In Astrom, Paul (ed.) Acta Cypria. Part 3. Acts of an International
Congress on Cypriote Archaeology Held in Göteborg on 22-24 Aug 1991. Jonsered:
Paul Åstrom
54
Herscher, Ellen 1984. The pottery of Maroni and regionalism in the Late Bronze Age
Cyprus (Plates VII-VIII). In Karageorghis, V. and Muhly, J.D. (eds.) Cyprus at the
close of the late Bronze Age. Nicosia : A.G. Leventis Foundation
1991. Beyond Regionalism: towards an islandwide Early and Middle

Cypriot sequence. In Barlow, Jane A., Bolger Diane L., Kling, Barbara (eds.) Cypriot
ceramics : reading the prehistoric record. Philadelphia, PA : University Museum of
Archaeology and Anthropology
Higginbotham, Carolyn R. 2000. Egyptianization and elite emulation in Ramesside

Palestine: governance and accomodation on the imperial periphery. Boston, MA:
Brill
Hochberg, J. 1972. The representation of things and people, pp. 47-94 in E.H.
Gombrich et al. Art, Perception and Reality. Baltimore, Md.: Johns Hopkins
University Press
Holthoer, Rostislav 1977. New Kingdom Pharaonic sites. The pottery. The
Scandinavian Joint Expedition to Sudanese Nubia publications v. 5. Copenhagen:
Munksgaard
1993. The pottery. In Baines, John (ed.) Stone vessels, pottery

and sealings from the tomb of Tutankhamun. Oxford: Griffith Inst.
Hodel-Hoenes, Sigrid 2000. Life and death in ancient Egypt: scenes from private
tombs in New Kingdom Thebes. London: Cornell University Press
Hood, Sinclair 2011. Knossos Royal Road: North, LM IB deposits. In Brogan,

Thomas M. and Hallager, Erik (eds.) LM IB pottery: relative chronology and regional
differences: acts of a workshop held at the Danish Institute at Athens in collaboration
with the INSTAP Study Center for East Crete, 27-29 June 2007. Athens: Danish
Institute at Athens
Hope, Colin A 1982. Egypt’s golden age: the art of living in the New Kingdom, 1558-
1085 B.C: catalogue of the exhibition. Boston [Mass.]: Museum of Fine Arts
55
1987. Innovation in the decoration of ceramics in the mid-18th
Dynasty. In Cahiers de la céramique égyptienne, Vol. 1, pp. 97-122
1989. Pottery of the Egyptian New Kingdom: three studies. Clayton:

Archaeological Research Unit of Victoria College
1991. Blue-Painted and Polychrome Decorated Pottery from Amarna.

A Preliminary Corpus. Cahiers de la ceramique egyptienne, vol. 2, pp. 17-92
1997. Some Memphite blue-painted pottery of the mid-18th Dynasty.

In Phillips, Jacke (ed.) Ancient Egypt, the Aegean, and the Near East: studies in
honour of Martha Rhoads Bell. TX : Van Sicklen Books
2001. Egyptian pottery. Princes Risborough: Shire
Hope, Colin A., Blauer, H. Mark and Riederer, Josef 1981. Recent Analyses of 18th
Dynasty pottery. In Arnold, Dorothea (ed.) Studien zur altägyptischen Keramik.
Mainz am Rhein: von Zabern
Hrouda, Barthel 1957. Die bemalte Keramik des zweiten Jahrtausends in

Nordmesopotamien und Nordsyrien. Berlin: Verlag Gebr. Mann
Hruby, Julie 2013. Crafts, specialists and markets in Mycenaean Greece. The palace
of Nestor, Craft production and mechanisms for the transfer of goods. In American
Journal of Archaeology, Vol. 117, No. 3, pp. 423-427
Hulin, L. 1984. Report on the 1983 excavations. Commodity delivery area (Zir-Area).
In Kemp, Barry (ed.) Amarna Reports I. London: Egypt Exploration Society
2013. Conversations between Objects: Ambience and the Egyptian Ceramic

World at Beth Shan. In Bader, Bettina and Ownby, Mary F. (eds.) Functional aspects
of Egyptian ceramics in their archaeological context: proceedings of a conference
held at the McDonald Institute for Archaeological Research, Cambridge, July 24th –
July 25th, 2009. Leuven: Uitgeverij Peeters en Departement Oosterse Studies
56
Hult, Gunnel 1992a. Nitovikla reconsidered. In Astrom, Paul (ed.) Acta Cypria. Part
2. Acts of an International Congress on Cypriote Archaeology Held in Göteborg on
22-24 Aug 1991. Jonsered: Paul Åstrom
1992b. Nitovikla reconsidered. Stockholm: Medelhavsmuseet
Iamoni, Marco. 2010. The MB-LB pottery from the eastern palace of Qatna. Tradition
and variation in the ceramic horizon of a mid second millennium Syrian metropolis.
In Matthiae, Paolo (ed.) Proceedings of the 6th International Congress of the
Archaeology of the Ancient Near East: 5 May-10 May 2009, 'Sapienza', Università di
Roma. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz
2012. The late MBA and LBA pottery horizons at Qatna: innovation
and conservation in the ceramic tradition of a regional capital and the implications
for second millennium Syrian chronology. Udine: Forum
Ilan, David 1996. Middle Bronze Age Painted Pottery from Tel Dan. Levant, Vol. 28,
pp. 157-176
Illan, David, Hallote, Rachel S. and Cline, Eric H. 2000. The Middle and Late Bronze
Age Pottery from Area F. In Finkelstein, Israel, Ussishkin, David and Halpern,
Baruch (eds) Megiddo III: The 1992-1996 seasons. Tel Aviv: Emery and Claire Yass
Publications in Archaeology, Institute of Archaeology
Johnson, Gregory A 1982. Organizational structure and scalar stress. In Renfrew,

Colin, Rowlands, Michael J. and Segraves-Whallon, Barbara Abbott (eds.) Theory
and explanation in archaeology: the Southampton conference. New York: Academic
Press!
Karageorghis, Vassos 1976. Two Late Bronze Age Tombs from Hala Sultan Tekke.
In Åström, Paul, Bailey, M. and Karageorghis, Vassos (eds.). Excavations 1897-1971.
Göteborg: Paul Åströms
Kemp, Barry J. 1977. A building of Amenophis III at Kom el-Abd. In The Journal of
Egyptian Archaeology, Vol. 63, pp. 71-82
57
2006 [1989]. Ancient Egypt: Anatomy of a civilization. London:
Routledge
Kempinski, Aharon 1991. The Middle Bronze Age. In Ben-Tor, Amnon (ed.) The
archaeology of ancient Israel. London : Yale University Press
1997. The Hyksos: A view from Northern Canaan and Syria. In

Oren, Eliezer D. (ed.) The Hyksos : new historical and archaeological perspectives.
2002. History of the site and its environs: The Late Neolithic to
the end of the Persian Period. In Scheftelowitz, Na'ama and Oren, Ronit (eds.) Tel
Kabri: the 1986-1993 excavation seasons. Tel Aviv: Emery and Claire Yass
publications in archaeology
Kempinski, Aharon, Gershuny, Lilly and Scheftelowitz, Na'ama 2002. Pottery:

Middle Bronze Age. In Scheftelowitz, Na'ama and Oren, Ronit (eds.) Tel Kabri: the
1986-1993 excavation seasons. Tel Aviv: Emery and Claire Yass publications in
archaeology
Keswani, Priscilla Schuster 1989. Dimensions of social hierarchy in Late Bronze Age
Cyprus: an analysis of the mortuary data from Enkomi. In Journal of Mediterranean
1991. A preliminary investigation of systems of ceramic

production and distribution in Cyprus during the Late Bronze Age. In Barlow, Jane
1996. Hierarchies, heterarchies and urbanization

processes: the view from Bronze Age Cyprus. In Journal of Mediterranean
58
el-Khouly, Aly and Martin, Geoffry Thorndike 1985. Excavations in the Royal
Necropolis at El Amarna. Le Caire: Imprimerie de l'Institut Français d'Archéologie
Orientale
Killebrew, Ann E. and Steiner Margreet L. 2014. Introduction. In Killebrew, Ann E.

and Steiner Margreet L. (eds.) The Oxford handbook of the archaeology of the
Levant: c.8000-332 BCE. Oxford: Oxford University Press
Killen, John T. 1999. Critique: A view from the tablets. In Galaty, Michael L. and
Parkinson, William A. (eds.) Rethinking Mycenaean palaces : new interpretations of
an old idea. Los Angeles, Calif. : University of California, The Cotsen Institute of
Archaeology
Kirby, Christopher 1989. Report on the 1987 excavations. The excavation of Q48.4.
In Kemp, Barry (ed.) Amarna Reports V. London: Egypt Exploration Society
Kitchen, Kenneth A. 2000. Pharaoh Rameses II and his times. In Sasson, Jack M.
(ed.) Civilizations of the ancient Near East. Peabody, Mass.: Hendrickson
Knapp, Bernard A. 1986. Production, exchange, and socio-political complexity on

Bronze Age Cyprus. Oxford Journal of Archaeology, Vol. 5, pp. 35- 60
1989. Complexity and collapse in the north Jordan Valley:

archaeometry and society in the Middle-Late Bronze Ages. In Israel Exploration
Journal, Vol. 39, No. #, pp. 129-148
1993a. Social complexity: incipience, emergence and

development on prehistoric Cyprus. Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental
Research, No. 292, pp. 85-106
1993b. Thalassocracies in Bronze Age eastern Mediterranean

trade: Making and breaking a myth. In World Archaeology, Vol. 24, No. 3, pp. 332-
347.
59
1997. The archaeology of late Bronze Age Cypriot society: the
study of settlement, survey and landscape. Glasgow: Dept. of Archaeology,
University of Glasgow
2008. Prehistoric and protohistoric Cyprus : identity, insularity,

and connectivity. Oxford: Oxford University Press
2013a. The Archaeology of Cyprus: From Earliest Prehistory

Through the Bronze Age. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
2013b. Revolution Within Evolution: The Emergence of a

'Secondary State' on Protohistoric Bronze Age Cyprus. In Levant, Vol. 45, No. 1, pp.
19-44
Knapp, B.A., Bouzek, Jan, Frankel, David, Held, Steve O., Peltenburg, Edgar and
Simmons, Alan H. 1990. Production, Location, and Integration in Bronze Age Cyprus
[and Comments and Reply]. In Current Anthropology. Vol. 31, No. 2, pp. 147-176
Knapp B.A., Kassianidou, V. and Donnelly, M. 1999 Excavations at Politiko

Phorades -1998. Report of the Department of Antiquities, Cyprus, pp. 125-146
Knappett, Carl 1997. Ceramic production in the protopalatial Mallia “state”: Evidence
from Quartier Mu and Myrtos Pyrgos. In Laffineur, Robert and Betancourt, Philip P.
(eds.) International Aegean Conference (6th : 1996 : Philadelphia, Pa.): Techne :
craftsmen, craftswomen and craftsmanship in the Aegean Bronze Age : proceedings
of the 6th International Aegean Conference. Liège: Université de Liège
1999. Assessing a polity in Protopalatial Crete: the Malia-Lasithi state.

In American Journal of Archaeology, Vol. 103, No. 4, pp. 615-639
2002. Photographs, skeuomorphs and marionettes. Some Thoughts on

Mind, Agency and Object. In Journal of Material Culture Vol. 7(1): 97–117
2004. Technological innovation and social diversity at Middle Minoan

Knossos. In Cadogan, Gerald, Hatzaki, Eleni and Vasilakis, Adonis (eds.) British
School at Athens Conference and Prehistoric and Classical Antiquities of Herakleion
60
Ephoreia (23rd: 2000: Herakleion, Cyprus): Knossos: palace, city, state; proceedings
of the conference in Herakleion organised by the British School at Athens and the
23rd Ephoreia of Prehistoric and Classical Antiquities of Herakleion, in November
2000, for the Centenary of Sir Arthur Evan's excavations at Knossos. London: British
School at Athens
2005. Thinking through material culture: an interdisciplinary

perspective. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press
Knappett, C. and Cunningham, T. F. 2003. Three Neopalatial Deposits from

Palaikastro, East Crete. In The Annual of the British School at Athens, Vol. 98, pp.
107-187
2012. Palaikastro block M: the proto- and

neopalatial town. London: British School at Athens
Kochavi, Moshe 1990. Aphek in Canaan: The Egyptian Governor's residence and its
finds. Yerushalayim: Muze$n Yi%raíel
Kochavi, Moshe and Yadin, Esther, 2002. Typological analysis of the MBIIA pottery
from Aphek according to its stratigraphic provenance. In Bietak, Manfred (ed.) The
Middle Bronze Age in the Levant : proceedings of an International Conference on MB
IIA Ceramic Material, Vienna, 24th-26th of January 2001. Wien: Verlag der
Koehl, Robert B. 2008. Aegean Interactions with the Near East and Egypt during the
Late Bronze Age. In Aruz, Joan , Benzel, Kim and Evans, Jean M. (eds.) Beyond
Babylon : art, trade, and diplomacy in the second millennium B.C. London : Yale
University Press
2010. Mycenaean pottery. In Yener, Kutlu Aslihan (ed.) Tell

Atchana, ancient Alalakh. Volume 1. The 2003-2004 excavation season. Istanbul: Koç
Üniversitesi Yayınları
61
Koschel, Klaus 1996. Opium alkaloids in a Cypriote base ring I vessel (bilbil) of the
middle bronze age from Egypt. Egypt and the Levant, vol. 6, pp.159-166
Kozal, Ekin 2010. Cypriot Pottery. In Yener, Kutlu Aslihan (ed.) Tell Atchana,
ancient Alalakh. Volume 1. The 2003-2004 excavation season. Istanbul: Koç
Üniversitesi Yayınları
Kozloff, Arielle P. 1997. The Malqata/ El-Amarna Blues: favourite colours of kings
and gods. In Goring, Elizabeth, Reeves, Nicholas and Ruffle, John (eds.) Chief of
seers: Egyptian studies in memory of Cyril Aldred. London: Kegan Paul International
1998. The decorative and funerary arts during the reign of

Amenhotep III. In O'Connor, David and Cline, Eric H. (eds.) Amenhotep III:
perspectives on his reign. Ann Arbor [Mich.]: University of Michigan Press
Kozloff, Arielle P., Bryan, Betsy M. with Berman, Laurence M. 1992. Egypt’s
dazzling sun: Amenhotep III and his world. Cleveland: Cleveland Museum of Art in
cooperation with Indiana University Press
Kramer, Carol 1985. Ceramic ethnoarchaeology. In Annual Review of Anthropology,

Vol. 14, pp. 77-102
Kromholz, Alfred H. 1984. Imported Cypriot pottery. In Stern, Ephraim (ed.)

Excavations at Tel Mevorakh 1973-1976. Jerusalem: Institute of Archaeology,
Hebrew University of Jerusalem
Lacovara, Peter, Bourriau, Janine and Hope, Colin A. 1982. In Egypt's golden age:
the art of living in the New Kingdom, 1558-1085 B.C : catalogue of the exhibition.
Boston: Museum of Fine Arts
Lagarce Elisabeth and Lagarce Jacques 1985. Alasia. IV, Deux tombes du chypriote
récent d’Enkomi (Chypre): tombes 1851 et 1907. Paris: Éditions Recherche sur les
civilisations
Layton, R. 2003. Art and Agency: A Reassessment. In Journal of the Royal

Anthropological Institute, Volume 9, pp. 447–464
62
Leder, H., Belke, B., Oeberst, A., & Augustin, D. 2004. A model of aesthetic
appreciation and aesthetic judgments. In British journal of psychology, Vol. 95, No. 4,
pp. 489-508
Lemche, Niels Peter 2000. The history of Ancient Syria and Palestine: an overview.
In Sasson, Jack M. (ed.) Civilizations of the ancient Near East. Peabody, Mass.:
Hendrickson
Lemonnier, Pierre 2012. Mundane objects: materiality and non-verbal

communication. Walnut Creek, Calif.: Left Coast
Levi, Doro 1964. The recent excavations at Phaistos. Lund: Studies in Mediterranean
Archaeology
Liverani, Mario 2008. The Late Bronze Age: Materials and Mechanisms of Trade and
Cultural exchange. In Aruz, Joan , Benzel, Kim and Evans, Jean M. (eds.) Beyond
Babylon : art, trade, and diplomacy in the second millennium B.C. London : Yale
University Press
Livneh, A. 2005. The pottery of the Middle Bronze Age. In Ben-Tor, Amnon, Ben-
Ami, Doron and Livneh, Ariella (eds.) Yoqne'am III: the Middle and late Bronze
Ages: final report of the archaeological excavations (1977-1988): archaeological
investigations in the Jezreel Valley, the Yoqne'am Regional Project. Jerusalem: The
Institute of Archaeology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, in cooperation with
Israel Exploration Society
London, Gloria Anne 1991. Ethnoarchaeological evidence of variation in Cypriot

ceramics and its implications for the taxonomy of ancient pottery. In In Barlow, Jane
Loney, Helen L. 2000. Society and technological control: a critical review of models
of technological change in ceramic studies. In American Antiquity, Vol. 65, No. 4, pp.
646-668
63
Longacre, William A. 1999. Standardization and specialization: What's the link? In
Skibo, James M. and Feinman, Gary M. (eds.) Pottery and people : a dynamic
interaction. Salt Lake City: University of Utah Press
Luciani, Marta 2008. The late Middle Bronze to early Late Bronze Age in Qatna with
special emphasis on decorated and imported pottery. In Bietak, Manfred and Czerny,
Ernst (eds.) The Bronze Age in the Lebanon: studies on the archaeology and
chronology of Lebanon, Syria and Egypt. Wien: Verlag der Österreichischen
Akademie der Wissenschaften.
Macaluso, E., Frith C.D., Driver J. 2000. Modulation of human visual cortex by
crossmodal spatial attention. Science, Vol.289, pp. 1206-1208
MacDonald, Colin F. 2002. The Neopalatial palaces of Knossos. In Driessen, Jan,

Schoep, Ilse and Laffineur Robert (eds.) Monuments of Minos : rethinking the Minoan
palaces : proceedings of the International Workshop "Crete of the hundred palaces?"
held at the Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, 14-15 December
2001. Liège: Service d'Histoire de l'art et archéologie de la Grèce antique
2004. Ceramic and contextual confusion in the Old and New

Palace periods. In Cadogan, Gerald, Hatzaki, Eleni and Vasilakis, Adonis (eds.)
British School at Athens Conference and Prehistoric and Classical Antiquities of
Herakleion Ephoreia (23rd: 2000: Herakleion, Cyprus): Knossos: palace, city, state;
proceedings of the conference in Herakleion organised by the British School at
Athens and the 23rd Ephoreia of Prehistoric and Classical Antiquities of Herakleion,
in November 2000, for the Centenary of Sir Arthur Evan's excavations at Knossos.
London: British School at Athens
2011. LM IB phases at Mochlos and the single phase of LM IB

at Knossos: a response to Kellee Barnard and Thomas Brogan. In Brogan, Thomas M.
and Hallager, Erik (eds.) LM IB pottery: relative chronology and regional differences:
acts of a workshop held at the Danish Institute at Athens in collaboration with the
INSTAP Study Center for East Crete, 27-29 June 2007. Athens: Danish Institute at
Athens
64
2012. Palatial Knossos: the early years. In Schoep, Ilse,
Tomkins, Peter and Driessen, Jan (eds.) Back to the beginning: reassessing social and
political complexity on Crete during the early and middle Bronze Age. Oxford:
Oxbow Books
MacDonald, Colin K. and Knappett, Carl 2007. Knossos: protopalatial deposits in

early Magazine A and the south-west houses. London: British School at Athens
MacGillivray, J.A. 1998. Knossos: pottery groups of the Old Palace period. London:
British School at Athens
2003. A middle minoan cup from Sidon. In Archaeology &

history in Lebanon, vol. 18, pp. 20-24
2007a. Protopalatial (MM IB-MM IIIA): Early Chamber beneath

the West Court, Royal Pottery Stores, the Trial KV, and the West and South
Polychrome Deposits Groups. In Momigliano, Nicoletta (ed.). Knossos pottery
handbook: Neolithic and Bronze Age (Minoan). London: British School at Athens.
2007b. Well 605: Stratigraphy and catalogue. In MacGillivray, J.

A., Sackett, L. H., Driessen, J. (eds.) Palaikastro : two late Minoan wells. London:
2008. The Minoan Sidon Cup. In Bietak, Manfred and Czerny,

Ernst (eds.) The Bronze Age in the Lebanon: studies on the archaeology and
chronology of Lebanon, Syria and Egypt. Wien: Verlag der Österreichischen
MacGillivray, J. A., Sackett, L. H., Driessen, J., Farnoux A., Smyth, D. 1991.
Excavations at Palaikastro, 1990. In The Annual of the British School at Athens, Vol.
86, pp. 121-147
MacGillivray, J. A., Sackett, L. H., Driessen, J., Hatzaki, Eleni and Schoep, Ilse 1998.
Excavations at Palaikastro, 1994 and 1996. In The Annual of the British School at
Athens, Vol. 93, pp. 221-268
65
MacGillivray, J. A., Sackett, L. H., Driessen, J. Hemingway, S. 1992. Excavations at
Palaikastro, 1991. In The Annual of the British School at Athens, Vol. 87, pp. 121-152
MacGillivray, J. A., Sackett, L. H., Driessen, J., Smyth, D. 1987. Excavations at

Palaikastro, 1986. In The Annual of the British School at Athens, Vol. 82, pp. 135-154
Maguire, Louise C. 1991. The classification of Middle Bronze Age painted pottery:
wares, styles... workshops? In Barlow, Jane A., Bolger Diane L., Kling, Barbara (eds.)
Cypriot ceramics : reading the prehistoric record. Philadelphia, PA : University
2009. Tell el-Dab!a. XXI, The Cypriot pottery and its circulation
in the Levant. Wien: Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften
Mahias, Marie-Claude 1993. Pottery techniques in India: technical variants and social
choice. In Lemonnier, Pierre (ed.) Technological choices: transformation in material
cultures since the Neolithic. London: Routledge
Maeir, Aren M. 2002a. Perspectives on the early MBII period in the Jordan Valley. In
Bietak, Manfred (ed.) The Middle Bronze Age in the Levant: proceedings of an
International Conference on MB IIA Ceramic Material, Vienna, 24th-26th of January
2001. Wien: Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften
2002b. Red, White and Blue Ware: A little-known group of painted

pottery of the Middle Bronze II Period. In Oren, Eliezer D. and Ahituv, Shmuel (eds.)
Aharon Kempinski memorial volume: studies in archaeology and related disciplines.
Ben-Gurion University of the Negev Press
2007. The Middle Bronze Age II pottery. In Mazar, Amihai and

Mullins, Robert A. (eds.) Excavations at Tel Beth-Shean 1989-1996; Volume II: The
Middle and Late Bronze Age strata in Area R. Jerusalem: Israel Exploration Societ
Maguire, Louise C. 1991. The classification of Middle Bronze Age painted pottery:
wares, styles... workshops? In Barlow, Jane A., Bolger Diane L., Kling, Barbara (eds.)
Cypriot ceramics: reading the prehistoric record. Philadelphia, PA: University
66
Mandalaki, Stella 2011. Pottery from the LM IB building at Skinias. In Brogan,
Thomas M. and Hallager, Erik (eds.) LM IB pottery: relative chronology and regional
differences: acts of a workshop held at the Danish Institute at Athens in collaboration
with the INSTAP Study Center for East Crete, 27-29 June 2007. Athens: Danish
Institute at Athens
Manning, S. W., Ramsey, C. B., Kutschera, W., Higham, T., Kromer, B., Steier, P.
and Wild, E. M. 2006. Chronology for the Aegean Late Bronze Age 1700-1400 BC.
In Science, Vol. 312, No. 5773, pp. 565-569
Manning, Stuart W., Sewell, David A. and Herscher, Ellen 2002. Late Cypriot I A
Maritime Trade in Action: Underwater Survey at Maroni Tsaroukkas and the
Contemporary East Mediterranean Trading System. In The Annual of the British
School at Athens Vol. 97, pp. 97-162
Martin, Mario A.S. 2004. Egyptian and Egyptianized Pottery in Late Bronze Age
Canaan. Typology, Chronology, Ware fabrics, and Manufacture techniques. Pots and
People? In Bietak, Manfred and Czerny, Ernst (eds.) Proceedings of the SCIEM 2000
Late Bronze Age Conference, Vienna, 30th of January 2003-1st of February 2003.
Wien: Österreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften
2009. Egyptian-type eighteenth dynasty pots at Megiddo. In

Ägypten und Levante, Vol. 19, pp. 211-218
2013. The Late Bronze IIB Pottery from levels K-8 and K-7. In
Finkelstein, Israel, Ussishkin, David and Cline, Eric H. (eds.) Megiddo V: The 2004-
2008 seasons. Winona Lake, Ind.: Eisenbrauns
Martin, Mario A.S., Gadot, Yuval and Goren, Yuval 2009. Imported Egyptian and
local Egyptian-Style pottery. In Gadot, Yuval and Yadin, Esther (eds.) Aphek-
Antipatris II: the remains on the acropolis: the Moshe Kochavi and Pirhiya Beck
excavations. Tel Aviv: Emery and Claire Yass Publications in Archaeology, Institute
of Archaeology, Tel Aviv University
Matthiae, Paolo 1980. Ebla: an empire rediscovered. London: Hodder and Stoughton
67
Mazar, Amihai and Mullins, Robert A. 2007. Introduction and overview. In Mazar,
Amihai and Mullins, Robert A. (eds.) Excavations at Tel Beth-Shean 1989-1996;
Volume II: The Middle and Late Bronze Age strata in Area R. Jerusalem: Israel
Exploration Society
McGovern, P.E. 1989. Ceramics and craft interaction: a theoretical framework, with
prefatory remarks. In McGovern, P.E. And Notis, M.D. (eds.) Cross-craft and cross-
McGuire, Randall H 1983. Breaking down Cultural Complexity: Inequality and

Heterogeneity. In Advances in Archaeological Method and Theory, Vol. 6, pp. 91-142
Merrillees, R. S 1971. The early history of LCI. In Levant, Volume 3, pp. 56-79
1974. Trade and transcendence in the bronze age Levant : three

studies. Göteborg: Studies in Mediterranean archaeology ; v. 39
1978. Introduction to the bronze age archaeology of Cyprus.

Göteborg: Studies in Mediterranean archaeology. Pocket-book ; 9.
1979. Pottery Trade in Bronze Age Cyprus. RDAC. p. 115-134.
2002. The relative and absolute chronology of the Cypriote White

Painted Pendent Line Style. Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research,
Vol. 326, pp. 1-9
Meskell, Lynn 2002. Private life in New Kingdom Egypt. Oxford: Princeton
University Press
Miller, Daniel 1985. Artefacts as categories: a study of ceramic variability in central

India. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
Minault-Gout, Anne and Thill, Florence 2012. Saï. II, Le cimetière des tombes
hypogées du Nouvel Empire SAC 5. Cairo: Institut français d'archéologie orientale
68
Momigliano, Nicoletta 2007 (ed.). Knossos pottery handbook: Neolithic and Bronze
Age (Minoan). London: British School at Athens
Momigliano, Nicoletta and Hood, Sinclair 1994. Excavations at Knossos. Excavations

of 1987 on the South front of the Palace at Knossos. In The Annual of the British
School at Athens, Vol. 89, pp. 103-15
Monchambert, Jean-Yves 2008. La céramique du Bronze Récent à Ougarit: résultats

récents et perspectives. In Calvet, Yves and Yon, Marguerite (eds.) Ougarit au
Bronze Moyen et au Bronze Récent. Lyon: Maison de l'Orient et de la Méditerranée
Mountjoy, P. A. 1985. Ritual associations for LM IB Marine Style vases. In Darcque,

P. and Poursat, J C. (eds) L iconographie minoenne. Actes de la table ronde
d’Athènes, 21–22 avril 1983 (Bulletin de Correspondance Hellénique Supplement
XI): 231–42. Athens: Ècole Française d’ Athènes.
1993. Mycenaean pottery: an introduction. Oxford: Oxford

University Committee for Archaeology
2003. The Late Minoan Pottery. In Mountjoy, P.A. (ed.) Knossos: the
South house. London: The British School at Athens
Mountjoy, Penelope A et al. 2003. Knossos: the South house. London: The British
School at Athens
Mullins, Robert A. 2007. The Late Bronze Age pottery. In Mazar, Amihai and
Mullins, Robert A. (eds.) Excavations at Tel Beth-Shean 1989-1996; Volume II: The
Middle and Late Bronze Age strata in Area R. Jerusalem: Israel Exploration Society.
2010. A comparative analysis of the Alalakh 2003-2004 season

pottery with Woolley's levels. In Yener, Kutlu Aslihan (ed.) Tell Atchana, ancient
Alalakh. Volume 1. The 2003-2004 excavation season. Istanbul: Koç Üniversitesi
Yayınları
69
Mumford, Gregory D. 2014. Egypt and the Levant. In Killebrew, Ann E. and Steiner
Margreet L. (eds.) The Oxford handbook of the archaeology of the Levant: c.8000-
332 BCE. Oxford: Oxford University Press
Nagel, Georges 1938. La céramique du Nouvel Empire à Deir el Médineh. Le Caire :

Imprimerie de l'Institut français d'archéologie orientale
Nicholson, Paul T. 1992. The pottery workshop at Q48.4 at Tell el-Amarna. In

Ateliers De Potiers Et Productions Ceramiques En Egypte: Cahiers de La Céramique
Egyptienne III. Cairo: Institut Français D'Archeologie Orientale, pp. 61-70
1993. Egyptian faience and glass. Princes Risborough, Bucks:

Shire
Nicholson, P. T. and Henderson, J. 2000. Glass. In Nicholson, P. T. and Shaw, I.

(eds.) Ancient Egyptian Materials and Technology. Cambridge: Cambridge
University Press
Nicholson, P.T. and Peltenburg, E., 2000. Egyptian Faience. In Nicholson, P.T. and
Shaw, I. (eds.), Ancient Egyptian Materials and Technology. Cambridge: Cambridge
University Press
Nicholson, Paul T. and Rose, Pamela 1985. Pottery fabrics and ware groups at el-
Amarna. In Kemp, Barry (ed.) Amarna Reports II. London: Egypt Exploration
Society
Nigro, Lorenzo 1998. Ebla and the ceramic provinces of northern Syria in the Middle
Bronze Age: Relationships and interconnections with the pottery horizons of Upper
Mesopotamia. In Lebeau, Marc (ed.) About Subartu : studies devoted to Upper
Mesopotamia : À propos de Subartu = études consacrées à la haute Mesopotamie.
Turnhout: Brepols.
2002a. The Middle Bronze pottery horizon of Tell Mardikh/Ancient

Ebla in a chronological perspective. In Bietak, Manfred (ed.) The Middle Bronze Age
in the Levant: proceedings of an International Conference on MB IIA Ceramic
70
Material, Vienna, 24th-26th of January 2001. Wien : Verlag der Österreichischen
2002b. The Middle Bronze Age pottery horizon of northern Inner

Syria on the basis of stratified assemblages of Tell Mardikh and Hama. In Al-
Maqdissi, Michel, Matoïan, Valérie and Nicolle, Christophe (eds.) Céramique de
l'âge du bronze en Syrie. I, La Syrie du sud et la vallée de l'oronte. Institut français
d'archéologie du Proche-Orient Beyrouth
2003. The Smith and the King of Ebla. Tell el-Yahudiyeh Ware,
Metallic Wares and the Ceramic Chronology of Middle Bronze Syria. In M. Bietak
(ed.), The synchronisation of civilisations in the Eastern Mediterranean in the second
millennium B.C. II, Proceedings of the SCIEM 2000--EuroConference Haindorf, 2nd
of May-7th of May 2001. Wien: Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der
Wissenschaften
Nelson, Ben A. 1995. Complexity, hierarchy, and scale: a controlled comparison

between Chaco Canyon, New Mexico, and La Quemada, Zacatecas. In American
Antiquity, vol. 60, no. 4, pp. 597-618
Nowicki, K 2002. A Middle Minoan II Deposit at the Refuge Site of Monastiraki

Katalimata (East Crete). In Aegean Archaeology, Vol. 5, pp. 27-45
Oates, David, Oates, Joan and McDonald, Helen 1997. Excavations as Tell Brak; Vol.
1: The Mitanni and Old Babylonian periods. United Kingdom: Oxbow books
O' Connor, David 1983. New Kingdom and Third Intermediate Period, 1552-664 BC.
In Trigger, B.G. (ed.) Ancient Egypt : a social history. Cambridge: Cambridge
University Press
Olausson, Deborah J. 2008. Does Practice Make Perfect? Craft Expertise as a Factor
in Aggrandizer Strategies. In Journal of Archaeological Method and Theory, Vol. 15,
No. 1, pp. 28-50
71
Orton, Clive 1993. How many pots make five? — An historical review of pottery
quantification. In Archaeometry, Vol. 35, No. 2, pp. 169-184
Orton, Clive, Tyers, Paul and Vince, Alan 1993. Pottery in archaeology. Cambridge:
Cambridge University Press
Panagiotaki, Marina 1998. Dating the Temple Repositories Vases. In The Annual of
the British School at Athens, Vol. 93, pp. 185-198
1999. The Central Palace Sanctuary at Knossos. London:

Panitz-Cohen, N. 2006. The pottery of Strata XII-V. In Panitz-Cohen, Nava and

Mazar, Amihai (eds.) Timnah (Tel Batash) III: The finds from the second millennium
BCE. Jerusalem: Institute of Archaeology, Hebrew University of Jerusalem
Papadopoulos, John K. 2005. Inventing the Minoans: Archaeology, Modernity and

the Quest for European Identity. In Journal of Mediterranean Archaeology, Vol 18,
No 1, pp. 87-14
Parkinson, William A. and Galaty, Michael L. 2010. Introduction. In Parkinson,

William A. and Galaty, Michael L (eds.) Archaic state interaction: the eastern
Mediterranean in the Bronze Age. Santa Fe, N.M.: School for Advanced Research
Press
Peck, William H. 2013. The material world of Ancient Egypt. Cambridge: Cambridge
University Press
Peet, T.E. and C.L. Woolley, 1923. The City of Akhenaten, Part I. Excavations of
1921 and 1922 at El-'Amarneh. London: Egypt Exploration Society
Peltenburg, E. J. 1996. From isolation to state formation in Cyprus, c. 3500-1500 BC.

In Karageorghis, Vassos and Micha&lid&s, D&m&tr&s (eds.) The development of the
Cypriot economy: from the prehistoric period to the present day. Nicosia: Printed by
Lithographica
72
Pfaffenberger, Bryan 1992. Technological dramas. In Science, Technology, and
Human Values, Vol. 17, No. 3, pp. 282-312
Pfälzner, Peter 2007. The Late Bronze Age ceramic traditions of the Syrian Jazirah. In
Al-Maqdissi, Michel, Matoïan, Valérie and Nicolle, Christophe. Céramique de l'âge
du bronze en Syrie. II, L'Euphrate et la région de Jézireh. Beyrouth : Institut français
d'archéologie du Proche-Orient
Pilides, Despo 1992. Monochrome ware: Its regional variation. In Astrom, Paul (ed.)
Acta Cypria. Part 2. Acts of an International Congress on Cypriote Archaeology Held
in Göteborg on 22-24 Aug 1991. Jonsered: Paul Åstrom
Pollock, Susan 1983. Style and information: an analysis of Susiana ceramics. In

Journal of Anthropological Archaeology, Vol. 2, pp. 354-390
Popham, Mervyn R. 1984. The Minoan unexplored mansion at Knossos. London:

Thames & Hudson for the British School of Archaeology at Athens.
Popham, Mervyn R., Warren P. and Younger J. 1974. Trial KV (1969), A Middle
Minoan Building at Knossos. In The Annual of the British School at Athens, Vol. 69,
pp. 181-194
Popham, Mervyn R. et al. 1984. The Minoan unexplored mansion at Knossos.

London: Thames & Hudson for the British School of Archaeology at Athens
Portugali, Yuval, and Knapp, A. Bernard 1985. Cyprus and the Aegean: A Spatial
Analysis of Interaction in the 17th-14th Centuries B.C. In Knapp, Bernard A. and
Stech, Tamara (eds.) Prehistoric Production and Exchange: the Aegean and eastern
Mediterranean. Los Angeles: Institute of Archaeology, University of California, Los
Angeles
Poursat, Jean Claude and Knappett, Carl 2005. La poterie du minoen moyen II :
production et utilisation. Athènes: Ecole française d'Athènes
73
Prag, Kay 1985. The imitation of Cypriote wares in Late Bronze Age Palestine. In
Tubb, Jonathan N. (ed.). Palestine in the Bronze and Iron Ages: papers in honour of
Olga Tufnell. London: Institute of Archaeology 1985
Preston, Laura 2004. Final Palatial Knossos and Postpalatial Crete: a mortuary
perspective on political dynamics. In Cadogan, Gerald, Hatzaki, Eleni and Vasilakis,
Adonis (eds.) British School at Athens Conference and Prehistoric and Classical
Antiquities of Herakleion Ephoreia (23rd: 2000: Herakleion, Cyprus): Knossos:
palace, city, state; proceedings of the conference in Herakleion organised by the
British School at Athens and the 23rd Ephoreia of Prehistoric and Classical
Antiquities of Herakleion, in November 2000, for the Centenary of Sir Arthur Evan's
excavations at Knossos. London: British School at Athens
Price, T. Douglas, and Feinman, Gary M. 2010. Social inequality and the evolution of
human social organization. In Price, T. Douglas, and Feinman, Gary M. (eds.)
Pathways to power: new perspectives on the emergence of social inequality. London:
Springer
Pusch, Edgar B. and Aston, David A. 1999. The Pottery from the Royal Horse Stud
and its Stratigraphy. The Pelizaeus Museum Excavation at Qantir/Per-Ramesses,
Sector Q IV. In Ägypten und Levante, vol. 9, pp. 39-75
Quirke, Stephen 1991. Royal Power in the 13th Dynasty. In Quirke, Stephen (ed.)
Middle Kingdom studies. New Malden, Surrey: SIA Pub
Raby, Julian and Vickers, Michael 1986. Puritanism and Positivism. In Vickers,
Michael (ed.) Pots & pans: a Colloquium on Precious Metals and Ceramics in the
Muslim, Chinese, and Graeco-Roman Worlds, Oxford 1985. New York: Published by
Oxford University Press for the Board of the Faculty of Oriental Studies, University
of Oxford
Raue, Dietrich et al. 2007. Report on the 36th season

of excavation and restoration on the island of Elephantine. In Annales du Service des
Antiquités de l' Égypte. Available at
74
http://www.dainst.org/sites/default/files/medien/en/daik_ele36_rep_en.pdf?ft=all.
(Date Accessed: 23/05/2014)
Rawson, J. 1984. Chinese Ornament: The Lotus and the Dragon. New York: Holmes
and Meier
Reber, Rolf, Schwarz, Norbert and Winkielman, Piotr 2004. Processing fluency and
aesthetic pleasure: is beauty in the perceiver's processing experience? In Personality
and Social Psychology Review, Vol. 8, No. 4, pp. 364-382
Rehak, Paul and Younger, John G. 1998. Review of Aegean prehistory VII:
Neopalatial, Final Palatial and Postpalatial Crete. American Journal of Archaeology,
Vol. 102, No. 1, pp. 91-173
Rethemiotakis, Giorgos 2002. Evidence on social and economic changes at Galatas

and Pediada in the New-Palace period. In Driessen, Jan, Schoep, Ilse and Laffineur,
Robert (eds.) Monuments of Minos: rethinking the Minoan palaces: proceedings of
the International Workshop "Crete of the hundred palaces?" held at the Université
Rice, Prudence M. 1981. Evolution of specialised pottery production: a trial model. In

Current Anthropology, Vol. 22, No. 3, pp. 219-227
Riegl, Alois 1992. Problems of style: foundations for a history of ornament.

Princeton, N.J. : Princeton University Press
Rose, Pamela J.1984. The pottery distribution analysis. In Kemp, Barry (ed.) Amarna
Reports I. London: Egypt Exploration Society
1985. Appendix 2: The pottery. In Excavations in the Royal

Necropolis at El Amarna. In el-Khouly, Aly and Martin, Geoffry Thorndike (eds.)
Excavations in the Royal Necropolis at El Amarna. Le Caire: Imprimerie de l'Institut
Français d'Archéologie Orientale
75
1986. Pottery from the Main Chapel. In Kemp, Barry (ed.) Amarna
Reports III. London: Egypt Exploration Society
1987a. Report on the 1986 Amarna Pottery Survey. In Kemp, Barry

(ed.) Amarna Reports IV Kemp, Barry (ed.) Amarna Reports I. London: Egypt
Exploration Society.
1987b. The pottery from Gate Street 8. In Kemp, Barry (ed.) Amarna
Reports IV. London: Egypt Exploration Society
1989a. Report on the 1987 excavations. The evidence for pottery making
at Q48.4. In Kemp, Barry (ed.) Amarna Reports V. London: Egypt Exploration
Society
1989b. Report on the 1987 pottery survey. In Kemp, Barry (ed.) Amarna
Reports V. London: Egypt Exploration Society
1995. Report on the 1985 excavations. House P46.33: The pottery. In

Kemp, Barry (ed.) Amarna Reports VI. London: Egypt Exploration Society
2007. The eighteenth dynasty pottery corpus from Amarna. London:

Egypt Exploration Society
Routledge, Bruce 2014. Archaeology and state theory: subjects and objects of power.
London: Bloomsbury
Roux, Valentine 2003. A dynamic systems framework for studying technological

change: application to the emergence of the potter's wheel in the southern Levant. In
Journal of Archaeological Method and Theory, Vol. 10, No. 1, pp. 1-30
Rumelhart, David E., and McClelland, James L. 1982. An interactive activation

model of context effects in letter perception: II. The contextual enhancement effect
and some tests and extensions of the model. In Psychological review, Vol. 89, No. 1,
pp. 60-94
76
Rutter, Jeremy 2004. Ceramic sets in context: one dimension of food preparation and
consumption in a Minoan Palatial setting. In Halstead, Paul and Barrett, John C. (eds.)
Food, cuisine and society in prehistoric Greece. Oxford: Oxbow
Sackett, James R. 1985. Style and ethnicity in the Kalahari: A reply to Wiessner. In
American Antiquity, Vol. 50. No. 1, pp. 154-159
Sackett, L.H. 2007. Introduction. In MacGillivray, J. A., Sackett, L. H., Driessen, J.

(eds.) Palaikastro : two late Minoan wells. London: British School at Athens
Sackett, L.H. and Popham, Mervyn 1970. Excavations at Palaikastro VII. In The
Annual of the British School at Athens, Vol. 65, pp. 203-242
el-Saghir, Mohamed 1983. Luxor, Abou el-Goud. Bulletin de liaison du groupe

international d'étude de la céramique égyptienne, VIII, pp. 21-22
1984. Abou el-Goud, Luxor. Bulletin de liaison du groupe

international d'étude de la céramique égyptienne, IX, pp. 17-19
Sakurai, Kiyohiko 1985. The excavations at Malkata-South, 1972-1980. Tokyo:

Waseda University
Le Saout, Francoise 1991. Les confins orientaux du Delta. Reconnaisance

archéologique franco-égyptienne dans le Nord-Sinäi, 1990. Bulletin de liaison du
groupe international d'étude de la céramique égyptienne XV, pp. 15-17
Schiestl, Robert and Seiler, Anne 2012. Handbook of the pottery of the Egyptian
Middle Kingdom. Volume I: The corpus volume. Wien: Verlag der Österreichischen
Schneider, Thomas 2008. New Kingdom Egypt. In Aruz, Joan , Benzel, Kim and
Evans, Jean M. (eds.) Beyond Babylon: art, trade, and diplomacy in the second
millennium B.C. London : Yale University Press
Schoep, Ilse 2002. The state of the Minoan palaces or the Minoan palace-state? In
Driessen, Jan, Schoep, Ilse and Laffineur, Robert (eds.) Monuments of Minos:
rethinking the Minoan palaces: proceedings of the International Workshop "Crete of
77
the hundred palaces?" held at the Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-
Neuve, 14-15 December 2001. Liège: Service d'Histoire de l'art et archéologie de la
Grèce antique
2006. Looking beyond the First Palaces: Elites and the Agency of Power
in EM III-MM II Crete. In American Journal of Archaeology, Vol. 110, No. 1, pp. 37-
64
2010. Making Elites: political economy and elite culture(s) in Middle

Minoan Crete. In Pullen, Daniel J. (ed.) Political economies of the Aegean Bronze
Age: papers from the Langford Conference, Florida State University, Tallahassee,
22-24 February 2007. Oxford: Oxbow
Schoep, Ilse and Knappett, Carl 2004. Dual emergence: Evolving heterarchy,
exploding hierarchy. In Barrett, John C. and Halstead, Paul (eds.) The emergence of
civilisation revisited. Oxford: Oxbow
Schwartz, Glenn M., Hans H. Curvers, Fokke A. Gerritsen, Jennifer A. MacCormack,

Naomi F. Miller, and Jill A. Weber 2000. Excavation and survey in the Jabbul Plain,
western Syria: the Umm el-Marra Project 1996-1997. In American Journal of
Shaw, Joseph W. et al. 2001. A LM IA ceramic kiln in south-central Crete: function

and pottery production. Princeton, NJ: American School of Classical Studies at
Athens
Shelmerdine, Cynthia W. 1997. Review of Aegean Prehistory VI: The Palatial Bronze
Age of the Southern and Central Greek Mainland. In American Journal of
Shennan, S. J. and Wilkinson, J. R 2001. Ceramic Style Change and Neutral

Evolution: A Case Study from Neolithic Europe. In American Antiquity Vol. 66, No.
4, pp. 577-593
Sherratt, Susan 1980. Regional Variation in the Pottery of Late Helladic IIIB. In The
Annual of the British School at Athens, Vol. 75, pp. 175-202
78
1999. E pur si muove: pots, markets and values in the second
millennium Mediterranean. In Crielaard, Jan Paul, Stissi, Vladimir and van
Wijngaarden, Gert Jan (eds.) ARCHON (Organization). International Conference
(1996: Amsterdam, Netherlands): The complex past of pottery: production,
circulation and consumption of Mycenaean and Greek pottery (sixteenth to early fifth
centuries BC) : proceedings of the ARCHON international conference, held in
Amsterdam, 8-9 November 1996. Amsterdam: J.C. Gieben
2001. Potemkin palaces and route-based economies. In Voutsaki, S.

and Killen, J. (eds.), Economy and politics in the Mycenaean Palace States:
proceedings of a conference held on 1-3 July 1999 in the Faculty of Classics,
Cambridge. Cambridge: Cambridge Philological Society
2011. Learning to learn from Bronze Age pots: A perspective on forty

years of Aegean ceramic studies in the work of J.B. Rutter. In Gauss, Walter (ed.)
Our cups are full: pottery and society in the Aegean Bronze Age: papers presented to
Jeremy B. Rutter on the occasion of his 65th birthday. Oxford: Archaeopress
2014. Introduction to the Levant during Late Bronze Age. In

Killebrew, Ann E. and Steiner Margreet L. (eds.) The Oxford handbook of the
archaeology of the Levant: c.8000-332 BCE. Oxford: Oxford University Press
Sherratt, Andrew and Sherratt, Susan 1991. From luxuries to commodities: the nature
of Mediterranean Bronze Age trading systems. In Gale, N.H. (ed.) Bronze age trade
in the Mediterranean : papers presented at the Conference held at Rewley House,
Oxford, in December 1989. Jonsered: Åstrom
Sherratt, Susan and Sherratt, Andrew 2001. Technological change in the East
Mediterranean Bronze Age: capital, resources and marketing. In Shortland, A.J. (ed.)
The social context of technological change. Egypt and the Near East, 1650-1550 BC.
Oxford: Oxbow books
Shortland, Andrew 2000. Vitreous materials at Amarna: the production of glass and
faience in 18th Dynasty Egypt. Oxford: Archaeopress
79
2012. Lapis lazuli from the kiln: glass and glassmaking in the late
Bronze Age. Leuven: Leuven University Press
Shortland, A. J., C. A. Hope, and M. S. Tite 2006. Cobalt blue painted pottery from
18th Dynasty Egypt. Geological Society, London, Special Publications, Vol. 257,
No.1, pp. 91-99
Sillar, B. and Tite, M.S. 2000. The challenge of “technological choices” for material
science approaches in archaeology. In Archaeometry, Vol. 42, No. 1, pp. 2-20
Simmel, Georg 1950. The sociology of Georg Simmel. New York : Free Press
Singer-Avitz Lily 2004. The Middle Bronze Age pottery from Areas D and P. In
Ussishkin, David (ed.) The renewed archaeological excavations at Lachish (1973-
1994). Tel Aviv: Emery and Claire Yass Publications in Archaeology
Sinopoli, Carla M. 1999. Levels of complexity: Ceramic variability at Vijayanagara.

In Skibo, James M. and Feinman, Gary M. (eds.) Pottery and people : a dynamic
Skibo, James M. 1999. Pottery and People. In Skibo, James M. and Feinman, Gary M.
(eds.) Pottery and people : a dynamic interaction. Salt Lake City: University of Utah
Press
Skuse, Andrew 2005. Enlivened objects: the social life, death and rebirth of radio as
commodity in Afghanistan. In Journal of Material Culture, Vol. 10, No.2, pp. 123-
137
Sneddon, Andrew C. 2002. The cemeteries at Marki: using a looted landscape to

investigate prehistoric Bronze Age Cyprus. Oxford: Archaeopress
Soldi, Sebastiano 2008. Recent considerations about the origin of “Nuzi ware” in the
light of its archaeological contexts. In Kühne, Hartmut, Czichon, Rainer M. and
Kreppner, Florian Janoscha (eds.) Proceedings of the 4th International Congress of
the Archaeology of theAncient Near East: 29 March - 3 April 2004, Freie Universität
Berlin. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz
80
Soles, Jeffrey S. et al. 2003a. The Artisans' Quarter Building A and The Artisans'
Quarter Building B. In Soles, Jeffrey S. (ed.) Mochlos Ia : Mochlos, period III,
neopalatial settlement on the coast ; the artisans' quarter and the farmhouse at
Chalinomouri ; the sites. Philadelphia, Penn: INSTAP Academic Press
2003b. The Chalinomouri farmhouse. In Soles, Jeffrey S. (ed.)

Mochlos Ia : Mochlos, period III, neopalatial settlement on the coast ; the artisans'
quarter and the farmhouse at Chalinomouri ; the sites. Philadelphia, Penn. : INSTAP
Academic Press
South, Alison K. 1988. Kalavasos-Ayios Dhimitrios 1987: an important ceramic group

from Building X. In Report of the Department of Antiquities, Cyprus, pp. 223-228
Souvatzi, Stella 2007. Social complexity is not the same as hierarchy. In Wynne-
Jones, S., and Kohring, S. (eds.) Socialising complexity: Structure, interaction and
power in archaeological discourse. Oxford: Oxbow Books
Stahl, A. B. 2002. Colonial Entanglements and the Practices of Taste: An Alternative

to Logocentric Approaches. American Anthropologist, Vol. 104, pp. 827–845
Stark, Barbara L. 1999. Finely crafted ceramics and distant lands: classic Mixtequilla.
In Skibo, James M. and Feinman, Gary M. (eds.) Pottery and people : a dynamic
Staubmann, H. 1997. "The ornamental form of the iron cage: an aesthetic

representation of modern society", International Journal of Politics, Culture and
Society 10.4: 591-607
Steele, Lousie 2004. Cyprus before history: from the earliest settlers to the end of the
Bronze Age. London: Duckworth
Stern, Ephraim 1984. Excavations at Tel Mevorakh 1973-1976. In Stern, Ephraim

(ed.) Excavations at Tel Mevorakh 1973-1976. Jerusalem: Institute of Archaeology,
Hebrew University of Jerusalem
81
Stewart, Eleanor and Stewart, James 1950. Vounous 1937-38: Field report on the
excavations sponsored by the British School of Archaeology at Athens. Lund: C. W.
K. Gleerup
Strange, John 2000. The Late Bronze Age in Northern Jordan in the light of the finds
at Tell el Fukhar. In Stager, Lawrence E., Greene, Joseph A. and Coogan, Michael D.
(eds.) The archaeology of Jordan and beyond : essays in honor of James A. Sauer.
Winona Lake, Ind. : Eisenbrauns
Strum and Latour 1999. Redefining the social link: from baboons to humans. In
MacKenzie, Donald and Wajcman, Judy (eds.) The social shaping of technology.
Buckingham: Open University Press
Sumaka'i Fink, Amir 2010. Late Bronze Age Tell Atchana (Alalakh): stratigraphy,
chronology, history. Oxford: Archaeopress
Summerson, J. 1977. "What is ornament and what is not", in Stephan Kieran ed.
Ornament - VIA III (University of Pennsylvania)
Sundqvist, Fredrik 2003. Perceptual dynamics: theoretical foundations and

philosophical implications of gestalt psychology. Göteborg: Acta Universitatis
Gothoburgensis
Swiny, Stuart 1989. From round house to duplex: a re-assessment of prehistoric

Cypriot Bronze Age Society. In Peltenburg, Edgar (ed.) Early society in Cyprus.
Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press in association with the National Museums of
Scotland and the A. G. Leventis Foundation
Thalman, Jean Paul 2002. Pottery of the Early Middle Bronze Age at Tell Arqa and in
the Northern Levant. In Bietak, Manfred (ed.) The Middle Bronze Age in the Levant :
proceedings of an International Conference on MB IIA Ceramic Material, Vienna,
24th-26th of January 2001. Wien : Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der
Wissenschaften
Todd, Ian A. 1993. Kalavasos-Laroumena: test excavation of a Middle Bronze Age

settlement. In Report of the Department of Antiquities, Cyprus, pp. 81-96
82
Todd, I. A., and Hadjicosti, M. 1991. Excavations at Sanida 1990. In Report of the
Department of Antiquities Cyprus, pp. 37–74
Todd, I. A., and Pilides, Despo 1992. Excavations at Sanida 1991. In Report of the
Department of Antiquities Cyprus, pp. 75–109
2001. The archaeology of White Slip production. In

Karageorghis, Vassos (ed.) The white slip ware of late bronze age Cyprus:
Todd, I.A., Pilides, D. and Hadjicosti, M. 1993. Excavations at Sanida 1992. In

Report of the Department of Antiquities of Cyprus, pp. 97-146
Tomkins, Peter 2012. Behind the horizon: Reconsidering the genesis and function of
the “First Palace” at Knossos (Final Neolithic IV-Middle Minoan IB). In Schoep, Ilse,
Tomkins, Peter and Driessen, Jan (eds.) Back to the beginning: reassessing social and
political complexity on Crete during the early and middle Bronze Age. Oxford:
Oxbow Books
Tubb, Jonathan N. 1983. The MBIIA Period in Palestine: Its Relationship with Syria
and Its Origin. In Levant, Vol. 15, pp. 49-62
Ussishkin, David 2004. A synopsis of the stratigraphical, chronological and historical
issues. In Ussishkin, David (ed.) The renewed archaeological excavations at Lachish
(1973-1994). Tel Aviv: Emery and Claire Yass Publications in Archaeology
Van de Moortel, Aleydis 1998. The Transition from Protopalatial to the Neopalatial
Society in South-Central Crete: A Ceramic Perspective. Unpublished PhD Thesis,
Bryn Mawr.
2002. Pottery as a barometer of economic change: from the

Protopalatial to the Neopalatial society in Central Crete. In Hamilakis, Yannis (ed.)
Labyrinth revisited: rethinking 'Minoan' archaeology. Oxford: Oxbow
83
Van der Leeuw, Sander 1993. Giving the pottery a chance: conceptual aspects of
pottery techniques. In Lemonnier, Pierre (ed.) Technological choices: transformation
in material cultures since the Neolithic. London: Routledge
van Wijngaarden, Gert-Jan 1999. An archaeological approach to the concept of value.

In Archaeological Dialogues, vol. 6, pp 2-23
Vickers, Michael 1989. The cultural context of ancient Greek ceramics: an essay in
skeuomorphism. In McGovern, P.E. And Notis, M.D. (eds.) Cross-craft and cross-
1999. Ancient Greek pottery. Oxford: Ashmolean Museum
Vickers, Michael and Gill, David 1994. Artful crafts: ancient Greek silverware and
pottery. Oxford: Clarendon Press
Voutsaki, S 1999. The Shaft Grave offerings as symbols of power and prestige. In
Kilian-Dirlmeier, I. and Egg M. (eds.), Eliten in der Bronzezeit: Ergebnisse zweier
Colloquien in Mainz und Athen pp. 103-117. Mainz: Verlag des Römisch-
Germanischen Zentralmuseums
Walberg, Gisela 1983. Provincial Middle Minoan pottery. Mainz am Rhein: Von
Zabern
1987. Kamares: a study of the character of palatial Middle Minoan

pottery. Göteborg: Paul Åström
2001. The role and individuality of Kamares ware. In Aegean

Archaeology, vol. 5, pp. 9-18
Wall, S. M., Musgrave J. H. and Warren, P. M. 1986. Human Bones from a Late
Minoan IB House at Knossos. In The Annual of the British School at Athens Vol. 81,
pp. 333-388
Warren, Peter 1981. Knossos: Stratigraphical Museum Excavations, 1978–1980. Part

I. Archaeological Reports, Vol: 27, pp 73-92
84
1991. A New Minoan Deposit from Knossos, c.1600 B.C., and Its
Wider Relations. In The Annual of the British School at Athens, Vol. 86, pp. 319-340.
2011. Late Minoan IB pottery from Knossos: Stratigraphical Museum

Excavations, the North Building. In Brogan, Thomas M. and Hallager, Erik (eds.) LM
IB pottery: relative chronology and regional differences: acts of a workshop held at
the Danish Institute at Athens in collaboration with the INSTAP Study Center for East
Crete, 27-29 June 2007. Athens: Danish Institute at Athens
Watrous, L. Vance 1992. Kommos: An Excavation on the South Coast of Crete,

Volume III: The Late Bronze Age Pottery. Oxford: Princeton University Press
1994. Review of Aegean Prehistory III: Crete from Earliest

Prehistory through the Protopalatial Period. American Journal of Archaeology, Vol.
98, No. 4, pp. 695-753
Wattenmaker, Patricia 1998. Household and state in Upper Mesopotamia: specialised

economy and the social uses of goods in an early complex society. Washington DC;
London: Smithsonian Institution Press
Weatherhead, F. J. 2007. Amarna Palace paintings. London: Egypt Exploration

Society
Webb, Jennifer M. 1999. Ritual architecture, iconography and practice in the Late
Cypriot Bronze Age. Vol. 75. Paul Forlag Astroms
Webb, Jennifer M. and Frankel, David 2013. Ambelikou Aletri metallurgy and
pottery production in Middle Bronze Age Cyprus. Uppsala: Åströms Förlag
Webb, J.M. Frankel, D. and Georgiou, Giorgos. 2010. An island of prospectors and
farmers. In Hadjisavvas, Sophocles (ed.) Cyprus: crossroads of civilizations. Nicosia:
Government of the Republic of Cyprus
Wengrow, David 2001. The evolution of simplicity: Aesthetic labour and social
change in the Neolithic Near East. In World Archaeology, Vol. 33, No. 2, pp. 168-188
85
2006. The archaeology of early Egypt: social transformations in
North-East Africa, 10,000 to 2650 BC. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press 2006
Whitelaw, Todd 2001. Reading between the tablets: assessing Mycenaean palatial
involvement in ceramic production and consumption. In S Voutsaki and J Killen
(eds), Economy and Politics in the Mycenaean Palace States. Supplementary Volume
27, Proceedings of the Cambridge Philological Society: 51-79
2012. The urbanisation of Prehistoric Crete: Settlement perspectives

on Minoan state formation. In Schoep, Ilse, Tomkins, Peter and Driessen, Jan (eds.)
Back to the beginning: reassessing social and political complexity on Crete during
the early and middle Bronze Age. Oxford: Oxbow Books
Whitelaw, T, Day, P, Kiriatzi, E, Kilikoglou, V & Wilson, D, 1997. Ceramic

production traditions at Myrtos Fournou Korifi. In Laffineur, Robert and Betancourt,
Philip P. (eds.) International Aegean Conference (6th: 1996 : Philadelphia, Pa.):
Techne : craftsmen, craftswomen and craftsmanship in the Aegean Bronze Age:
proceedings of the 6th International Aegean Conference. Liège: Université de Liège
Wiessner, Polly 1985. Style or isochrestic variation? A reply to Sackett. In American

Antiquity, Vol. 50. No. 1, pp. 166
Wilk, Richard 1995. Learning to be local in Belize: global systems of common

difference. In Miller, Daniel (ed.) Worlds apart: Modernity through the prism of the
local. London: Routledge
Wobst, M. H. 1977. Stylistic behavior and information exchange. In Cleland, Charles

E. (ed.) For the director: research essays in honor of James B. Griffin. Ann Arbor:
Museum of Anthropology, University of Michigan
Wright, James C. 2004. The emergence of leadership and the rise of civilisation in the
Aegean. In Barrett, John C. and Halstead, Paul (eds.) The emergence of civilisation
revisited. Oxford: Oxbow
86
Wynne-Jones, S., and Kohring, S. 2007. Socialising complexity. In Wynne-Jones, S.,
and Kohring, S. (eds.) Socialising complexity: Structure, interaction and power in
archaeological discourse. Oxford: Oxbow Books
Yadin, Esther 2009. Middle Bronze Age Pottery. In Gadot, Yuval and Yadin, Esther
(eds.) Aphek-Antipatris II: the remains on the acropolis: the Moshe Kochavi and
Pirhiya Beck excavations. Tel Aviv: Emery and Claire Yass Publications in
Archaeology, Institute of Archaeology, Tel Aviv University
Yannai, Eli 2004. The Late Bronze Age pottery from Area S. In Ussishkin, David
(ed.) The renewed archaeological excavations at Lachish (1973-1994). Tel Aviv:
Emery and Claire Yass Publications in Archaeology
Yasur-Landau, Assaf 2013. Cypriot, Mycenaean and derivative forms from levels K-
8 and K-7. In Finkelstein, Israel, Ussishkin, David and Cline, Eric H. (eds.) Megiddo
V: The 2004-2008 seasons. Winona Lake, Ind.: Eisenbrauns
Yoffee, Norman 1993. Too many chiefs? (or, safe texts for the'90s). In Yoffee,
Norman and Sherratt, Andrew (eds.) Archaeological theory: Who sets the agenda.
Yon, Marguerite, Karageorghis, Vassos and Hirschfeld, Nicolle 2000. Céramiques

mycéniennes d'Ougarit. Nicosie: Fondation A.G. Leventis
Zerner, Carol 1993. New perspectives on trade in Middle Helladic and early Late
Helladic. In Zerner, Carol (ed.) Wace and Blegen: pottery as evidence for trade in the
Aegean Bronze age, 1939-1989 : proceedings of the international conference held at
the American School of Classical Studies at Athens, December 2-3, 1989.
Amsterdam: J.C. Gieben
Zuckerman, Sharon 2007. “Slaying oxen and killing sheep, eating flesh and drinking
wine...”: feasting in Late Bronze Age Hazor. In Palestine Exploration Quarterly, vol.
139, 3, pp. 186-204
%
87
Chapter 1
!"#$%&'(')&*++,-./0"1%&2"1%3&-4&+%,/-23&#5&,%6/-7'
!"#$% &'(%( )*+,-*,./0'((1( 234%5(',/ 6(7*,% 83'%5(',/6(7*,% &#$'49
))/:;
<=== )> )?/: )@/:
))/:@ )@/::; )&/:
AB== ))/::; )?/::
))/::@ )&/::
AC== )?/::: )@/::
))/::: )@/::@ )&/:::
AD== 2:E 6)/:; 6?/:
)@/::& 6&/:;
AF== 6)/:@ 6?/::; 6@/:
8> 6@/:; 6&/:@
AG==
6)/:: 6?/::@ 6@/:@ 6&/::;
AH== 6)/:::;A 6?/:::; 6@/::;
6)/:::;< 6@/:: 6&/::@
AI== 6)/:::@ 6?/:::@ 6@/::@ 6&/::&
A<== 6)/:::& 6?/:::& 6&/:::;
AA== 6&/:::@
J:E
' *2"+1%2&83/76&19%&:/69&;9,-7-$-65&4,-0&</$$%#,%=&"72&>",6,%%1&?@'AB&<7"++&?@'C"B&>"77/76&!"#$%(&?@@DB&
>-0/6$/"7-&?@@EB&>804-,2&?@'AB&F%9"G&"72&H-876%,&'IIJB&K9%$0%,2/7%&'IIEB&K9%,,"11&?@'A
88
Chapter 5
!"#$%&'()*&++&,&"--.%-"/%&0"12$%
!!"#
$%&'(" )*+,- ./01
234&" 5%&'(5 6778
$%,9&5" ,:*4;" <34&" 5%&'(5

$:,--" *9&4 6.77
$:,--" =-*5&( 6>.
!&(3?:" *9&4 68
!&(3?:" =-*5&( 6/6
6778
$?'<,=&" +'&,+:&4+5
@4+'&,+&( 68
$:**+%&(A5-399&( 6BC
D?'435%&(A9*-35%&( 1
!*4*=%'*:& 6.B7
)'3=E-&A59-,++&' 60
D,4(5 >8
F&-3&<" ,4(" #4=35&( 61
$3:9-&" !*4*=%'*:& 8
$3:9-&" G*-H=%'*:& 66
I*:9-&J /
F&9'&5&4+,+3*4,- /
6778
K&=*',+3*4
)'3=E-&A59-,++&' 60 CL8M /L1M

D,4(5 >8 7BL7M BL/M
F&-3&<" ,4(" #4=35&( 61 6.L.M 6L/M
$3:9-&" !*4*=%'*:& 8 .L6M /L0M
$3:9-&" G*-H=%'*:& 66 >L7M /L1M
I*:9-&J / /L/M /L/M
F&9'&5&4+,+3*4,- / /L/M /L/M
60> 1L1M
)*+,-" 9&'=&4+,;& 60>N6778 1L1/M
34"./&'()*&++&,&"--.%-"/%&0"12$%5&06.7"8%&/.%"/1%9/0
F&9'&5&4+,+3*4,-
I*:9-&J
$3:9-&"G*-H=%'*:&
$3:9-&"!*4*=%'*:&
F&-3&<",4("#4=35&(
D,4(5
I*-?:4"I
)'3=E-&A59-,++&'
!*4*=%'*:&
D?'435%&(A9*-35%&(
$:**+%&(A5-399&(
@4+'&,+&(
/ B// 6/// 6B//
89
!"#$%&'()*&++&,&#--$.-#%.&/#012.3&$#%45/&56&7.85$#%49.&%$.#%0.:%/
!"#$%&'()*&+,,'"
-+./)
0'&#'12+./23.$#)'/
4#5*&'267.7$8"75'
4#5*&'297&:$8"75'
;75*&'<
0'*"')'.,+,#7.+&
!"#$%&'(;*&++&,&#--$.-#%.&/#012.3&$#%45/&56&/"#1./
45+&&27*'.
45+&&2$&7)'/
6'/#=52 7*'.
6'/#=52$&7)'/
<#=2.&'()*&>.15/4%&?@&A#$2B&+#-#C4:.&?@&D:5//5/
E"#1. FG0=.$&56&9.//.2/
H55%.7&-5=2.%/ 'I
!5:48#2&-5=2.%/ J
A--/".22&-5=2.% K
E%$#4-"%3/47.7&8G1/ LL
!#$4:#%.7&8G1/ L;
M$47-.3/15G%.7&N#$/ K;
E"#225O&62#$4:-&=5O2/ P
+4:4#%G$.&-5=2.%/ I
+4:4#%G$.&%G0=2.$/ '
+4:4#%G$.&8G1/ L
+4:4#%G$.&=5O2/ ;
+4:4#%G$.&NG-/ )
Q%".$ '
<5%#2 )RK
90
!"#$%&'()*&+,-."/%&0-%"01%203&42&5%67340&8
+,-."/%&0-%"01%20 9,1#%-&7.&:%33%$3
;$"42 <=
>727/?-71% @A
!-4/B$% C
D"2E%E 'C
D"2E&/716$%F&67$G/?-71% <H
I%$4%.J42/43%E <
+416$%&K%71%0-4/ )
+416$%&K%71%0-4/&67$G/?-71% <<
!70"$&E%/7-"0%E H=
L?"-0&'(M*&+,-."/%&0-%"01%203&42&5%67340&8
8*'1,(09("'(:&*$01",3$%&"'(
8*'1,(09("'(:&*$
4(,*(56*#$*7(/
-.#/0$"'1,(201",3$%&"'(
=>
-.#/(/
)&*$+,(
!"#"$%&"'(
; <; =;; =<;
L?"-0&'('*&5%/7-"0472&-"0473&42&5%67340&8
-.#/(/
-.#/0$"'1,(20
1",3$%&"'(
4(,*(56*#$*7(/
8*'1,(09("'(:&*$
8*'1,(09("'(:&*$0
1",3$%&"'(
91
!"#$%&'()*&+%,-./0&12&34&5-6.%.2&78-..-.
!"#$% &'#()*)+ &'#()*)+,-%./0#)%-
!"#$%&' 9 :
()"*+,-.$%&+ )
!*%%,/+'*0-1+2/03&3,4"5 : :
6&#0/51&'04*%,4"5 : :
7."83&3,4"59,.::/&+,$*/& :
;*'08*+&3,4"59,/1.'+,'0# ;
;*'08*+&3,4"59,4'08<%=,'0# : :
>"-9,4"+*?*=,/5."+ < 9
@'03-&2/5."+&3,A*'9,.B.03,4.804*% = :
@'03-&2/5."+&3,A*'9,/)"*+,-%.$"%*' : :
@'03-&2/5."+&3,A*'9,4*'08*+&3 9
!*%%,50'0:.'#,A*' 9 :
6.%&2#."+1&3,A*' < =
CB*%2#."+1&3,*#51.'* 9 :
@&%%=21*83%&3,*#51.'* ) :
;.%%*'28&4<&3,A*' 9 9
D0+1./ :
E*'-&,+'05.3,$*/08 =
;..<08-,+'*= :
@'*F0&' :
G%*'08-,$.?% ) :
(+'*0-1+2/03&3,$.?% :
6*832%*#5 :
E&<*8.03,$&&10B& :
H080*+"'&,4"5 9
1/)#2 <> :;
92
!"#$%&'(')&*+,-".%&/,%"/0%1/2&31&4%5623/&7&89".:61"$:&"1:&;1"55%//<&=>>?)&5(&@AB?CD
*+,-".%&/,%"/0%1/ E+0#%,&6-&F%22%$2
G66H31I&J",% K
L$"31 MK
*$355%: =
9616.N,60% =K
!,3.H$% '
7"1:%: =
O65%P305,%22%: M
*305$%&I%60%/,3. K
*305$%&I%60%/,3.&56$Q.N,60% M
*305$%&,%5,%2%1/"/361"$ M
*305$%&,%5,%2%1/"/361"$&56$Q.N,60% M
G605$%R&,%5,%2%1/"/361"$&56$Q.N,60% M
!6/"$&:%.6,"/%: M@
GN",/&'(@)&*+,-".%&/,%"/0%1/2&31&4%5623/&7
:+/'"(;6.('.(5(%8#8$+%#"6'+"9,-.+/(
&$/'"(6.('.(5(%8#8$+%#"6'+"9,-.+/(
&$/'"(6.('.(5(%8#8$+%#"
&$/'"(67(+/(8.$,6'+"9,-.+/(
&$/'"(67(+/(8.$,
3+'(4$/'.(55()
A
2#%)()
0.$,1"(
*+%+,-.+/(
&"$''()
!"#$%
< = >< >= ?< ?= @<
GN",/&'(?)&4%.6,"/361&,"/362&31&4%5623/&7
2#%)() 3+'(4$/'.(55()
&$/'"(67(+/(8.$, &$/'"(67(+/(8.$,6
'+"9,-.+/(
&$/'"(6.('.(5(%8#B &$/'"(6.('.(5(%8#B
8$+%#" 8$+%#"6'+"9,-.+/(
:+/'"(;6.('.(5B
(%8#8$+%#"6'+"9B
,-.+/(
93
!"#$%&'()*&+%,-./0&+1&23&4-5.%.1&67-..-.
!"#$% &'#()*)+ &'#()*)+,-%./0#)%-
!"#$%&'(%)* 89
+'&,$#-(.&)%/, 88
0/1-/2,$3(.&)%/, ::
4)35'/, :9
4&''(6'&,$#-(7)35'/, : :
8")#1/1(-"5'/7 :; :;
4/&%)* 88
4&''(.7,&$-972.$1/1(%)* 9< 89
:/3$.*9/,$%&'(%)* = ;
8")#1/1(%)*;("66./7(5&./ :
<=)&7(,")#1/1(%)* 9 :
!&,$#&7/1(%)*;(.9",7(,$3 :>
!&,$#&7/1(%)*;(7&''(,$3 :9 8
>&#79&,". 8
?)-;(%)7&@&A(.*")7 :' )
?)-;(%A'$#1,$%&'(#/%B ; 8
C,$1-/2.*")7/1(D&,;("E"$1(%"#$%&' ' ;
C,$1-/2.*")7/1(D&,;(.=)&7(-'"5)'&, 8
4&''(*$,$6",3(D&, 8
:"'/23")79/1(D&, 9 8
FE&'23")79/1(&3*9",& 8
C/''A;(9&#1'/1(&3*9",& ; :
!A'$#1,$%&'(D&, : :
G$79". : :
0&,-/(7,$*"1(5&.$# 9
<3&''(7,$*"1(5"@' 8
!""B$#-(1$.9 9
C&.B/7(E&./ : :
4,&*/H"$1&'(5"I :
C,&H$/, )
+'&,$#-(5"@' ;
8")#1/1(5"@' ;
0$1 :
:&#12'&3* 9
1/)#2 8') )9
94
!"#$%&'()*&+,-."/%&0-%"01%203&42&5%67340&5
+,-."/%&0-%"01%20 8,1#%-&7.&9%33%$3
:77;42<&="-% '
>"163?#-"@4%-3 A
B$"42 CD
+1770E%FG&+$466%F HH
I727/E-71% HCD
+6$"3EG!-4/;$% HC
J"2F%F K)
+416$%&<%71%0-4/ HH
+416$%&<%71%0-4/&67$L/E-71% '
+416$%&-%6-%3%20"0472"$ K
:716$%M&-%6-%3%20"0472"$ K
+416$%&-%6-%3%20"0472"$&67$L/E-71% K
:716$%M&-%6-%3%20"0472"$&67$L/E-71% K
!70"$&5%/7-"0%F NO
:E"-0&'(P*&+,-."/%&0-%"01%203&42&5%67340&5
=0#$-+>5(+$(+%+.1"1*0."-5$0-<72(0#+
/*#$-+5(+$(+%+.1"1*0."-5$0-<72(0#+
=0#$-+>5 (+$(+%+.1"1*0."-
/*#$-+5(+$(+%+.1"1*0."-
/*#$-+5;+0#+1(*75$0-<72(0#+
/*#$-+5;+0#+1(*7
:".3+3 E
/$-"%248(*79-+
60.072(0#+
/#0012+345/-*$$+3
,-"*.
!"#$%&'(")*+(%
? @? A? B? C? D?? D@? DA?
:E"-0&'(A*&5%/7-"0472&-"0473&42&5%67340&5
:".3+3 /*#$-+5;+0#+1(*7
/*#$-+5;+0#+1(*75 /*#$-+5(+$(+%+.1"&
$0-<72(0#+ 1*0."-
=0#$-+>5 (+$(+%+.1"& /*#$-+5(+$(+%+.1"&
1*0."- 1*0."-5$0-<72(0#+
=0#$-+>5 (+$(+%+.1"&
1*0."-5$0-<72(0#+
95
!"#$%&'()*&+,"-%.&/0&12332.4&5206%76&84&99:;4&5%06<"$&=/$$./>%&?<%"4&+-"@%.&A8BAC
+,"-%. 9/0/3D3&0D3#%<&2E&F%..%$.&-<%.%06
522G/0H&I"<% 8
J"3- K
520/@"$&@D-. LL
5"</0"6%>&@D-. '
;2I$. M
N-%04&D0G02I0 K
+6"302. K
;</>H%B.-2D6%>&O"<. C
PDH. A
PDH.&2<&O"<. KK
5$2.%>4&D0G02I0 K
!26"$ CC
!"#$%&'(M*&+D<E"@%&6<%"63%06.&/0&5206%76&8
+D<E"@%&6<%"63%06. QD3#%<&2E&F%..%$. 5"6"$2HD% !"#$%
R$"/0 KL ')
9202@,<23% A K
+-$"66%<S6</@G$% K
;"0>%> C
;"0>%>&-2$T@,<23% K
;"<#26/0%& A KA
:3-<%..%> K K
+/3-$%&H%23%6</@ 8 L
+/3-$%&H%23%6</@& A A
-2$T@,<23%
!26"$&>%@2<"6%> AU K8
5,"<6&'(KU*&+D<E"@%&6<%"63%06.&/0&.6"6/.6/@"$&6"#$%4&5206%76&8
-$+.",49,'+,/*$(4.'"5()*'+,
-$+.",49,'+,/*$(
7+.*,88,3
2#*6'/$%,4
2#%3,34 .'"5()*'+,
2#%3,3
-."#//,*0/*$(1",
&'%'()*'+,
!"#$%
: ;: <: =: >: ?: @: A:
96
!"#$%&'())*&+,-.$#%/.0&$#%/.1&/0&!#%#2.34,5&+,6.1/%&7
!"#$%%&'(%')*+#& ,$-.&.
,$-.&./ "0#1*2'03& ,$'40%)-&/
53"'&66&. !)3"#&/7&03&%')*
!)3"#&/7&03&%')*/
"0#1*2'03&
8#92,&'():*&;"#6,1&/0&<.==.15&!.0%,>%&?5&!@A?
;"#6,1 B/0/=4=&04=9,$&.C&D,11,21&6$,1,0%
!..E/03&F#$, 7
G#=61H9$#I/,$1 )
J/%".1 )
K#1/0 )
!.0/-#2&-461 )L
!#$/0#%,M&-461 N
K.F21 N:
;6.4%,M&O#$ P
Q43 L
Q431&.$&O#$1 )
8.%#2 7:
8#92,&'())*&;4$C#-,&%$,#%=,0%1&/0&!.0%,>%&?
;4$C#-,&%$,#%=,0%1 R4=9,$&.C&D,11,21 !#%#2.34, 8#92,
J2#/0
B.0.-"$.=,
S.6,T%"4=9 )
K#0M,M A )
K#0M,M&6.2U-"$.=, )
K#$9.%/0,& N ?
V=6$,11,M
;/=62,&3,.=,%$/- '
;/=62,&3,.=,%$/-& )
6.2U-"$.=,
8.%#2&M,-.$#%,M )N ):
97
!"#$%&'()*+&,-./$#%0/1&$#%0/2&3$/4&!#%#5/67-&01&,-8/20%&9
!"#$%$
!"#$%$& '()*+,-(.%
!"-/(01#%&
21.')%&3%(.%0-1+
21.')%&3%(.%0-1+&
'()*+,-(.%
:#;5-&'()*+&<%$#%&=-8/20%2>&??&@@&#66$-6#%-&2#485-
44&55
2,%-$& 6(0") 7889
:1#%& ;,%-$; <==9
2,"'%;& ".(#3& >1#%& ;,%-$;

2."))& ('%# 8?<=
2."))& +)(;%$ 78@
4%$1A.& ('%# "+%& 0-%"0.%#0;
D#0-%"0%$ E= <FEG
2.((0,%$H;)1''%$ <8< 8=F?G
!A-#1;,%$H'()1;,%$ B =F<G
4(#(+,-(.% 8E=? @EF=G
6-1+I)%H;')"00%- 8@ =FCG
!"#$; 8<8 ?F=G
J%)1%>& "#$& 5#+1;%$ 88 =FEG
21.')%& 4(#(+,-(.% B= <F=G
21.')%& K()*+,-(.% <9 8FBG
L(.')%M 87 =F?G
J%'-%;%#0"01(#") ? =F7G
<==9 8==F==G
N%+(-"01(#
6-1+I)%H;')"00%- 8@ @F<G
!"#$; 8<8 E8F8G
J%)1%>& "#$& 5#+1;%$ 88 BF?G
21.')%& 4(#(+,-(.% B= 8?F9G
21.')%& K()*+,-(.% <9 8<F<G
L(.')%M 87 EFEG
J%'-%;%#0"01(#") ? <FEG
<7@ 8==F=G
6(0")& '%-+%#0"3% <7@O<==9 88FC=G
98
!"#$%&'()*+&,-$.#/0&%$0#%102%3&42&55&66&#77$07#%0&3#1890
0'*"')'.,+,#7.+&
;75*&'<
4#5*&'297&:$8"75'
4#5*&'267.7$8"75'
0'&#'12+./23.$#)'/
-+./)
;7&>5.2;
!"#$%&'()*&+,,'"
67.7$8"75'
->".#)8'/(*7&#)8'/
4577,8'/()&#**'/
=.,"'+,'/
? @?? A?? B?? C?? D??? D@?? DA?? DB??
!"#$%&'():+&;0/<$#%4<2&$#%4<3&42&55&66&#77$07#%0&3#1890
!"#$%&'()*&+,,'"
-+./)
0'&#'12+./23.$#)'/
4#5*&'267.7$8"75'
4#5*&'297&:$8"75'
;75*&'<
0'*"')'.,+,#7.+&
!"#$%&'()'+&,"#80&$#%4<3&42&55&66&#77$07#%0&3#1890
45+&&27*'.
45+&&2$&7)'/
6'/#>52 7*'.
6'/#>52$&7)'/
99
!"#$%&'()*+&,-".%/&01&23443/5&6317%87&95&::&;;<5&6=*'&"1>&*?
,-".%/ :0104@4&1@4#%A&3B&C%//%$/&.A%/%17
633D01E&F"A% 9
G"4./H#A"I0%A/ )
J07-3/ K
6310L"$&L@./ )*
6"A01"7%>&L@./ ?
,7A"0E-7H/0>%>&L@. *
,%40E$3#@$"A&L@. '
,.3@7%>&/%40E$3#@$"A&L@. )
M3F$/ )N
O.%1&@1D13F1 )
OC"$H43@7-%>&"4.-3A" *
MA0>E%H/.3@7%>&P"A N
Q@E )
Q@E/&3A&P"A/ )
!37"$ NR
!"#$%&'()S+&,@AB"L%&7A%"74%17/&01&6317%87&9
,@AB"L%&7A%"74%17/ T@4#%A&3B&C%//%$/
J$"01 S)
,4337-%>U/$0..%> )
M@A10/-%>U.3$0/-%> )
M"1>%> V
M"A#3701%& K
,04.$%&E%34%7A0L S
,04.$%&E%34%7A0L&.3$WL-A34% )
634.$%8&E%34%7A0L& )
.3$WL-A34%
,04.$%&A%.A%/%17"7031"$& *
.3$WL-A34%
!37"$&>%L3A"7%> )9
100
!"#$%&'()*+&,-$.#/0&%$0#%102%3&42&!52%06%&7
<1"#;)-&)#&)5)92'21%9';-#%;4*$&%")
@%"#;)A-7)%")2&1*-#%;4*$&%")
<1"#;)-7)%")2&1*-#%;4*$&%")
<1"#;)-7)%")2&1*
>'&?%219)-
(6"?)&-%H-I)55);5
>'9,),
>6&915$),=#%;15$),
<"%%2$),=5;1##),
0;'19
B C DB DC EB EC FB FC GB GC
!"#$%&'()8+&90/5$#%452&$#%453&42&!52%06%&7
>'&?%219)-
<1"#;)-7)%")2&1*
<1"#;)-7)%")2&1*-
#%;4*$&%")
@%"#;)A-7)%")2&1*-
#%;4*$&%")
<1"#;)-&)#&)5)92'21%9';-
#%;4*$&%")
:#;<0&'()'+&=#<4#>&?551&@8
,"#A0 B-#2%4%C B-#2%4%C&D0/5$#%0D
!"#$%&' E F
()*+),-.'& F )
/'& )) *
012*$)&-.'& ) )
3&'4 ) G
!5+%1,-.67 ) )
/67 E F
819%*$%) ) )
:1, ' '
3%2';5 F8 )7
101
!"#$%&'()*+&,-./"0%&1.%"12%314&53&0"1"$67-%8&9662&:;
,-./"0%&1.%"12%314 <-2#%.&6/&=%44%$4
>$"53 '
?-.354@%AB>6$54@%A )
,$5CC%A )
D6360@.62% )
!.50E$% *
?"3A%A F
9%$5%/B:3054%A )
,52C$%&7%62%1.50 G
!61"$ H;
I@".1&'()F+&,-./"0%&1.%"12%314&53&9662&:;
!*2$B%,>%/2%)0*.
J%B*%KHL(.*5%-
A#(-%-
<0*.8B%
I/(/."0/2% 7'2D%0,/K,P%55%B5
!B*$$%-
A'0(*5"%-H4/B*5"%-
4B#*(
M : @ 6 3 ? N O E G
!"#$%&'();+&D"$5"8&9662&:)*
!"#$% &'#()*)+ &'#()*)+,-%./0#)%-
12$"/0# 3 3
4*)"/5 3 6
7%.8%-,9#0 : :
;#0 3 6
<#(8, : =
4*)."%0 3 =
4*)."%0,9#0 : :
;'> :? :@
A%#8%-,9'> @ :
!2#BB,<#(8 : =
C'$5,#(-,>/DB%)5 E 6
!#'.%0 : =
F*-5 @ :
</)#B 3E @G
102
!"#$%&'()*+&,-./"0%&1.%"12%314&53&0"1"$67-%&53&8662&9):
,-./"0%&1.%"12%314 ;-2#%.&6/&<%44%$4
=$"53 >?
@-.354A%BC=6$54A%B >
!.50D$% E
86F%C!A-2# >
@"3B%B G
8%$5%/C93054%B )
,52F$%&7%62%1.50 H
I62F$%J&7%62%1.50 )
,52F$%&.%F.%4%31"1563"$ >
!61"$&B%06."1%B >:
IA".1&'()H+&,-./"0%&1.%"12%314&53&8662&9):
@.-$:%N7<%.-%)/*4
!*-$:%7<%.-%)/*4
K%:*%LJM(4*A%6
>#(6%6
K.$%JF"'-B 3'-B%/7.L7P%AA%:A
F/*45:%
>'/(*A"%6J1.:*A"%6
1:#*(
O D 9O 9D 2O 2D
!"#$%&'()H+&,A"F%4&53&K"$5"L&8662&999)G
!"#$% &'#()*)+
,-$"./# 0
1*)".* 2
3%45%678#/ 9
1:#)% 9
;'< =
>%#5%678'< 2
>.?: 9
@'$A7#(67<.B:%)A7 C9
!#'4%/A D
@"#-#*E*78'< 9
F/*$.674'$ 9
G>#A5%)H 9
>#A*( 9
I*6 9
F.)#: 922
103
!"#$%&'()*+&,-./"0%&1.%"12%314&53&0"1"$67-%8&9662&:::;<
,-./"0%&1.%"12%314 =-2#%.&6/&>%44%$4
?$"53 @
!.50A$% )
96B%C!D-2# )
E"3F%F ;*
9%$5%/C:3054%F G
,52B$%&7%62%1.50 H)
,52B$%&.%B.%4%31"1563"$ G
I62B$%J&.%B.%4%31"1563"$ ;
I62B$%J&.%B.%4%31"1563"$&B6$K0D.62% ;
!61"$&F%06."1%F ;;@L
ID".1&'()*+&,-./"0%&1.%"12%314&53&0"1"$67-%8&9662&:::;<
<,1-"*=9 '*-'*7*%;#;$,%#"9-,">(/',1*
<,1-"*=9 '*-'*7*%;#;$,%#"
8$1-"*9'*-'*7*%;#;$,%#"
8$1-"*9:*,1*;'$(
+*"$*5.6%($7*4
3#%4*4 E012*'9,59F*77*"7
+,-*.&/012
&'$()"*
!"#$%
? @? A? B? C? D??
!"#$%&'();+&M"$5"8&I62B".12%31&:::<8&,-./"0%&1.%"12%314&53&0"1"$67-%
,-./"0%&1.%"12%314 =-2#%.&6/&>%44%$4
?$"53 N
M6360D.62% G
!.50A$% ;
E"3F%F ;
,52B$%&7%62%1.50 <
ID".1&'();+&M"$5"8&I62B".12%31&:::<8&O%06."1563&."1564&53&0"1"$67-%
!"#$%
G,%,(/',1*
&'$()"*
3#%4*4
8$1-"*9:*,1*;'$(
104
!"#$%&'())*&+"$,"-&.//0&1112-&3456"7%&85%"80%98:&,9&7"8"$/;4%
3456"7%&85%"80%98: <40#%5&/6&=%::%$:
>$",9 2
+/9/7?5/0% @
!5,7A$% @
.%$,%6B197,:%C 2
3,0D$%&;%/0%85,7 'E
3,0D$%&;%/0%85,7&D/$F7?5/0% @
G/0D$%H&;%/0%85,7 )
3,0D$%&5%D5%:%98"8,/9"$ @
G/0D$%H&5%D5%:%98"8,/9"$ @
!/8"$&C%7/5"8%C IEJ
G?"58&'())*&+"$,"-&.//0&1112-&K%7/5"8,/9&5"8,/:&,9&7"8"$/;4%
;'+6",<7 *,6*,3,%9#9$'%#"
5$+6",7*,6*,3,%9#9$'%#"
;'+6",<78,'+,9*$(
5$+6",78,'+,9*$(76'":()*'+,
5$+6",78,'+,9*$(
DE+F,*7'07G,33,"3
/,"$,012%($3,4
-*$(.",
&'%'()*'+,
!"#$%
= >= ?= @= A= B= C=
105
!"#$%&'()*+&,-."-/0."12/3&456%57&8%196/-6:&44&;;;&%".$<&"00.%0"-%
!!"###"$%&'(
)*$&+" ,-.%' /012

345$" 6*$&+6 7808
)*%9$6" %:-5;" <45$" 6*$&+6

):%''" -9$5 7==>
):%''" ?'-6$+ 78
!$+4@:" -9$5 /7
!$+4@:" ?'-6$+ 717
A-54?%'" ?@96 =B
7808
)@&<%?$" .&$%.:$5.6
C5.&$%.$+ // 7DEF
):--.*$+G6'499$+ 0// =ED7F
H@&546*$+G9-'46*$+ 7 BD7F
!-5-?*&-:$ 0/= =ED/F
,&4?I'$G69'%..$& /0 7D8F
H%5+6 21 1D0F
J$'4$<" %5+" #5?46$+ 8 BD=F
)4:9'$" !-5-?*&-:$ == /D8F
)4:9'$" K-'(?*&-:$ E BD/F
A-:9'$L EB 7D>F
J$9&$6$5.%.4-5%' / BD7F
7808 7BBDBF
M$?-&%.4-5
,&4?I'$G69'%..$& /0 7EDBF
H%5+6 21 =1D2F
J$'4$<" %5+" #5?46$+ 8 /D2F
)4:9'$" !-5-?*&-:$ == /7DEF
)4:9'$" K-'(?*&-:$ E 7D=F
A-:9'$L EB 7=D1F
J$9&$6$5.%.4-5%' / 7DBF
/B0 7BBDBF
,-.%'" 9$&?$5.%;$ /B0N7808 7/D=BF

=2".-&'()*+&,5.>"3%&-.%"-7%?-6&/?&44&;;;&%".$<&"00.%0"-%
J$9&$6$5.%.4-5%'
A-:9'$L
)4:9'$"K-'(?*&-:$
)4:9'$"!-5-?*&-:$
J$'4$<"%5+"#5?46$+
H%5+6
A-'@:5"A
,&4?I'$G69'%..$&
!-5-?*&-:$
H@&546*$+G9-'46*$+
):--.*$+G6'499$+
C5.&$%.$+
B 7BB/BBEBB=BB1BB8BB0BB>BB
106
!"#$%&'()*+&,-./$#%0/1&$#%0/2&01&33&444&-#$56&#77$-7#%-
!"#$%&'()*&+,,'"
-+./)
0'&#'12+./23.$#)'/
4#5*&'267.7$8"75'
4#5*&'297&:$8"75'
;75*&'<
0'*"')'.,+,#7.+&
!"#$%&'()'+&8"#9-&$#%0/2&01&33&444&-#$56&#77$-7#%-
45+&&27*'.
45+&&2$&7)'/
6'/#=52 7*'.
6'/#=52$&7)'/
107
!"#$%&'()*+&,-."-/0."12/3"$&456%57&8%196/-6:&44&;;;&$"-%&"00.%0"-%&6"71$%
!!"###"$%&'
()'*+",-&%$ ./..
012'" 3)'*+3 4567
()%8'3"%9-2:";12'"3)'*+3
(9%$$"-8'2 467<
(9%$$"=$-3'+ .<
!'+1>9" -8'2 ?6
!'+1>9"=$-3'+ 4<5
@-21=%$"=>83 A6
4567
(>*;%='"&*'%&9'2&3
B2&*'%&'+ 44
(9--&)'+C3$188'+ 5.A
D>*213)'+C8-$13)'+ 6
!-2-=)*-9' E77
,*1=F$'C38$%&&'* 4/
D%2+3 4<7
G'$1';"%2+"#2=13'+ A
(198$'"!-2-=)*-9' 465
(198$'"H-$I=)*-9' E
@-98$'J //
G'8*'3'2&%&1-2%$ .
4567
K'=-*%&1-2
,*1=F$'C38$%&&'* 4/ 4L4M
D%2+3 4<7 4.L/M
G'$1';"%2+"#2=13'+ A 6L/M
(198$'"!-2-=)*-9' 465 <L5M
(198$'"H-$I=)*-9' E 6L5M
@-98$'J // 5L<M
G'8*'3'2&%&1-2%$ . 6L4M
?76 .<L6M
,-&%$" 8'*='2&%:' ?76N4567 .<L66M
<2".-&'()=+&,5.>"3%&-.%"-7%?-6&/?&44&;;;&$"-%&"00.%0"-%
G'8*'3'2&%&1-2%$
@-98$'J
(198$'"H-$I=)*-9'
(198$'"!-2-=)*-9'
G'$1';"%2+"#2=13'+
D%2+3
@-$>92"@
,*1=F$'C38$%&&'*
!-2-=)*-9'
D>*213)'+C8-$13)'+
(9--&)'+C3$188'+
B2&*'%&'+
6 466.66?66566E66/66<66
108
!"#$%&'()*+&,-./$#%0/1&$#%0/2&01&33&444&5#%-&#66$-6#%-
!"#$%&'()*&+,,'" -+./)
0'&#'12+./23.$#)'/ 4#5*&'2
67.7$8"75'
4#5*&'297&:$8"75' ;75*&'<
0'*"')'.,+,#7.+&
!"#$%&'()7+&8"#9-&$#%0/2&01&33&444&5#%-&#66$-6#%-
45+&&27*'.
45+&&2$&7)'/
6'/#=52 7*'.
6'/#=52$&7)'/
;7.#$+&2$=*)
:#;5-&'()'+&<1/22/2=&>.$/9/502&?/@2-2=&,-9/20%&!=&8@$A#.-&%$-#%B-1%2&01&.#%#5/6@-
8@$A#.-&%$-#%B-1%2 C@B;-$&/A&D-22-52
!//E016&F#$- G
H5#01 G7
3/1/."$/B- I
J#1K-K G
80B95-&6-/B-%$0. I
!/B95-L&6-/B-%$0. )
80B95-&$-9$-2-1%#%0/1#5 G
:/%#5 MG
!"#$%&'()N+&<1/22/2=&>.$/9/502&?/@2-2=&,-9/20%&!=&8@$A#.-&%$-#%B-1%2&01&.#%#5/6@-
4#5*&'2"'*"')'.,+,#7.+&
;75*&'<2>'75',"#$
4#5*&'2>'75',"#$
-+./'/
F=5G'"2712H'))'&)
67.7$8"75'
9&+#.
;77%#.>2?+"'
@ A B C D E@EA EB EC EDA@
109
!"#$%&'()*+&,-.//./0&12$.3.45/&6.7/8/0&983./5%&!0&982.$#%5.-&$#%5./&5-&2#%#4.:78
!"#$%$
&'()*%+,%-(%./'0
1-()*%2+
,%-(%./'0
&'()*%+/%)3
/%4%#.".'-#"*
;#<48&'(=>+&,.??./0&!.-%8@%&A>0&BB&CCC10&D..?&='0&E4..$&F83./5%&5-&2#%#4.:78
G"#38/ B5-5?7?&-7?<8$&.H&I8//84/&3$8/8-%
!..J5-:&K#$8 =
L#?3/M<$#N58$/ =
L5F A
O5%"./ P
!.-52#4&273/ AP
G%$#5:"%M/5F8F&273 Q
G8?5:4.<74#$&273 A
R#$/ )
O5$5H.$?&S#$/ )
TI#4M?.7%"8F&#?3".$5/J./ A
U$5F:8M/3.7%8F&S#$ P
G5F8M/3.7%8F&S#$ A
R7: P
VK8$ A
6WF$5# A
D"W%# '
;.%#4 >P
110
!"#$%&'()*+&,-..-/0&1-23%43&560&789:";%&39%"3.%23/&<2&;"3"$-=8%
789:";%&39%"3.%23/ >8.#%9&-:&?%//%$/
@$"<2 A)
B-2-;C9-.% D
!9<;E$%F7G$"33%9 )
H"2I%I J
K%$<%:FL2;</%I 5
7<.G$%&=%-.%39<; 5A
7<.G$%&=%-.%39<;&G-$M;C9-.% A
7<.G$%&9%G9%/%23"3<-2"$ 5
1-.G$%4&9%G9%/%23"3<-2"$& A
G-$M;C9-.%
!-3"$&I%;-9"3%I A5
1C"93&'(A5+&,-..-/0&1-23%43&560&789:";%&39%"3.%23/&<2&;"3"$-=8%
<'+1",=9*,1*,8,%2#2$'%#"91'";()*'+,
0$+1",9*,1*,8,%2#2$'%#"
0$+1",9:,'+,2*$(91'";()*'+,
0$+1",9:,'+,2*$(
5,"$,6/7%($8,4
CD+E,*9'69F,88,"8
3#%4,4
-*$(.",/01"#22,*
&'%'()*'+,
!"#$%
> ? @> @? A> A? B> B?
1C"93&'(A)+&,-..-/0&1-23%43&560&N%;-9"3<-2&9"3<-/&<2&;"3"$-=8%
3#%4,4
5,"$,6/7%($8,4
0$+1",9:,'+,2*$(
0$+1",9:,'+,2*$(9
1'";()*'+,
0$+1",9*,1*,8,%2#2$'%#"
<'+1",=9*,1*,8,%2#2$'%#"9
1'";()*'+,
111
!"#$%&'()*+&,-".%/&01&2"$"03"/4567&890$:01;&)7&<66=&)
!"#$% &'#()*)+
!"#$%&'(%)* +,
-./&$01.23$454(%)* 6,
7")#454(%)* 6
-2*/"8$'5(%)* 9
:5;$3*15/$%&'(%)* <
=$/$8"/;(3*").54(>"?' 9
7")#454(>"?' @
=$/$8"/;("*5#(A)0 6
!""B$#0(*". 6
CD551$E5F(>&3$# 6
G$/5>"H( 9
I$#$&.)/5("E&'2;").154(&;*1"/& 6
J;*1"/& 6
=$.1"3 6
!"#$%&'(>&3$# 6
-."/&05(A&/3 ,
,-)#. 6,K
!"#$%&'()>+&,95?"@%&45%"4=%14/&01&@"4"$6;9%&01&890$:01;&)7&<66=&)
,95?"@%&45%"4=%14/ A9=#%5&6?&B%//%$/
C66301;&D"5% )
2$"01 EFG
89510/-%:H26$0/-%: I
,=664-%:H,$0..%: >
<%$0%?HJ1@0/%: E
8"1:%: E
,0=.$%&;%6=%450@ K
,0=.$%&5%.5%/%14"4061"$ >
!64"$ EI'
C-"54&'(II+&,95?"@%&45%"4=%14/&01&@"4"$6;9%&01&890$:01;&)7&<66=&)
-$;*'5(/5*/535#.&.$"#&'
-$;*'5(05";5./$%
D&#454
75'$58MN#%$354
-;"".154M-'$**54 Q);>5/("8(E5335'3
D)/#$3154M="'$3154
='&$#
!""B$#0(L&/5
O 9O KO <O PO 6OO 69O
112
!"#$%&'()*+&,-./$#%0/1&$#%0/2&01&.#%#3/45-&01&65037014&89&://;&8
<-'$-KCL#%$:-.
D&#.-.
7$2*'-(/-"2-81$%
7$2*'-(1-*1-:-#8&0
8$"#&'
<#=3-&'()>+&?"#@-2&01&A#3#0B#2%$/9&C$-#&D9&,-@/20%&EAFG
!"#$% &'#()*)+
!"#$%&'(%)* +
,-./-01$2(3"4' 56
781&$/980:$.-.(%)* ;
<")#.-.(%)* =
>-2$:*9-1$%&'(%)* ?
@&''(/"3'-8: 5
A$*(1$2(3"4' B
,&.'-C7%""* B
D1$./-0:*")8-.(E&1CE)/ ?
D-&F-.(E)/ ?
G*-#02")89-.(E)/'-8 B
@&''(81$*".(E&1 B
@1$*".(%""F$#/(E&1 ?
@1$*".(%""F$#/(E)/ 5
@1$*".(%""F$#/(3"4' H
GI&'02")89-.(&2*9"1& H
78"1&/-(E&1 6
J$89": B
<")#.-.(3"4' B
,&1/-(K'&1$#/(3"4' B
G89-1(%'":-. 5
,$. B
,-)#. =5
113
!"#$%&'()*+&,-./"0%&1.%"12%314&53&0"1"$67-%&53&8"$"59"41.6:&;.%"&<:&=%>6451&?8@A
,-./"0%&1.%"12%314 B-2#%.&6/&C%44%$4
D669537&E".% *F
8$"53 G'
H6360I.62% @
!.509$%J,>$"11%. G
K%$5%/JL3054%M *
N"3M%M *F
,52>$%&7%62%1.50 @
D62>$%O&7%62%1.50 )
,52>$%&.%>.%4%31"1563"$ )
!61"$ PQ
DI".1&'()'+&,-./"0%&1.%"12%314&53&0"1"$67-%&53&8"$"59"41.6:&;.%"&<:&=%>6451&?8@A
4$15-+'*+5*+:+%6)6$"%)-
!"15-+='&+"1+6*$/
4$15-+'&+"1+6*$/
<)%;+;
7+-$+839%/$:+;
DE1F+*'"8'G+::+-:
2*$/#-+345-)66+*
."%"/0*"1+
,-)$%
!""#$%&'()*+
> ? @> @? A> A? B> B? C> C? ?>
DI".1&'()<+&=%06."1563&."1564&53&0"1"$67-%&53&8"$"59"41.6:&;.%"&<:&=%>6451&?8@A
2*$/#-+345-)66+*
7+-$+839%/$:+;
<)%;+;
4$15-+'&+"1+6*$/
!"15-+='&+"1+6*$/
4$15-+'*+5*+:+%6)H
6$"%)-
114
!"#$%&'()*+&,"$"-."/0123&45-$6-78&93&:22;&:<
!"#$% &'#()*)+ &'#()*)+,-%./0#)%-
!"#$%&'(%)* +,
-./0.12$3(4"5' 67
892&$0:91;$/./(%)* <= =>
?")#/./(%)* ,= @
81*2"A$'.(%)* B
C.3$;*:.2$%&'(%)* = =
D$*(2$3(4"5' > >
8&)%.2 <
8:&''"5(4"5' <
E#1&#/1")9(4"5' , ,
?")#/./(4"5' , ,
F&''('./0.12$3(4"5' ,
G2$/0.1;*")9./(H&2 > >
I5.2( , ,
G.&J./(H)0 = =
K*.#13")9:./(H)0'.9 + =
!""J$#0(L.;;.'; ,,
M$9:"$/(H&2 , ,
C"'.13")9:./(H&2 ,
MNO$; ,
-$/ ,
P$2.4"O ,
F"9&' ,@> 67
!"#$%&'())+&=51>"?%&01%"0;%70/&-7&?"0"$285%&-7&:22;&:<
=51>"?%&01%"0;%70/ @5;#%1&2>&A%//%$/
B22.-78&C"1% <<
,$"-7 <<D
=;220E%6F=$-GG%6 )
H272?E12;% I
!1-?.$%F=G$"00%1 <
4"76%6 J<
4"76%6&G2$K?E12;% <
=-;G$%&8%2;%01-? I
=-;G$%&8%2;%01-?&G2$K?E12;% <
B2;G$%L&8%2;%01-? )
B2;G$%L&1%G1%/%70"0-27"$ *
!20"$ <M9
115
!"#$%&'()*+&,-$.#/0&%$0#%102%3&42&/#%#567-0&42&8661&89
!"/4-+:' *+4*+;+%0)0$"%)-
!"/4-+:'&+"/+0*$6
.$/4-+'&+"/+0*$6'4"-961*"/+
.$/4-+'&+"/+0*$6
8)%2+2' 4"-961*"/+
8)%2+2
BC/D+*'"E'F+;;+-;
7*$6#-+3.4-)00+*
5"%"61*"/+
./""01+23.-$44+2
,-)$%
!""#$%&'()*+
< =< >< ?< @< A<< A=< A><
!"#$%&'():+&;0/6$#%462&$#%463&42&/#%#567-0&42&8661&89
7*$6#-+3.4-)00+*
8)%2+2
8)%2+2' 4"-961*"/+
.$/4-+'&+"/+0*$6
.$/4-+'&+"/+0*$6'
4"-961*"/+
!"/4-+:'&+"/+0*$6
!"/4-+:' *+4*+;+%0)G
0$"%)-
116
!"#$%&'()*+&,-."-/0."12/3"$&456%57&8%196/-6:&;4&<=&"00.%0"-%&6"71$%
!"#$
%&'()*+,-./ 0123
456'* 7&'()7 0038
%&.9'7*.:,6;*<56'*7&'()7
%:.//*,9'6 280
%:.//*=/,7') 8
"')5>:* ,9'6 0?
"')5>:*=/,7') 080
@,65=./*=>97 0?A
0038
%>(<.='*-('.-:'6-7
B6-('.-') 1
%:,,-&')C7/599') DE3
F>(657&')C9,/57&') G
",6,=&(,:' DEG
+(5=H/'C79/.--'( D
F.6)7 0G1
I'/5'<*.6)*#6=57') D
%5:9/'*",6,=&(,:' 0?A
%5:9/'*J,/K=&(,:' G
@,:9/'L EE
I'9('7'6-.-5,6./ 80
0038
M'=,(.-5,6
+(5=H/'C79/.--'( D GN?O
F.6)7 0G1 2N3O
I'/5'<*.6)*#6=57') D GN?O
%5:9/'*",6,=&(,:' 0?A 00N?O
%5:9/'*J,/K=&(,:' G GNGO
@,:9/'L EE 0N2O
I'9('7'6-.-5,6./ 80 AN3O
?DE E2N1O
+,-./* 9'(='6-.;' ?DEP0038 E2N1GO
>2".-&'()?+&,5.@"3%&-.%"-7%A-6&/A&;4&<=&"00.%0"-%&6"71$%
I'9('7'6-.-5,6./
@,:9/'L
%5:9/'*J,/K=&(,:'
%5:9/'*",6,=&(,:'
I'/5'<*.6)*#6=57')
F.6)7
@,/>:6*@
+(5=H/'C79/.--'(
",6,=&(,:'
F>(657&')C9,/57&')
%:,,-&')C7/599')
B6-('.-')
G 0GG EGG ?GG DGG AGG
117
!"#$%&'()*+&,-./$#%0/1&$#%0/2&01&34&56&#77$-7#%-&2#89:-
!"#$%&'()*&+,,'"
-+./)
0'&#'12+./23.$#)'/
4#5*&'267.7$8"75'
4#5*&'297&:$8"75'
;75*&'<
0'*"')'.,+,#7.+&
!"#$%&'();+&<"#9-&$#%0/2&01&34&56&#77$-7#%-&2#89:-
45+&&27*'.
45+&&2$&7)'/
6'/#=52 7*'.
6'/#=52$&7)'/
;7.#$+&2$=*)
=#>:-&'(?'+&@1/22/2A&6.$/9/:02&B/C2-2A&,-9/20%&D(&<C$E#.-&%$-#%8-1%2&01&.#%#:/7C-
<C$E#.-&%$-#%8-1%2 FC8>-$&/E&G-22-:2
H:#01 ;*
<8//%"-IJ<:099-I K
4/1/."$/8- )
=$0.L:-J<9:#%%-$ ;
M#1I-I ;
<089:-&7-/8-%$0. '
!/89:-N&7-/8-%$0. ;
<089:-&$-9$-2-1%#%0/1#: K
!/89:-N&$-9$-2-1%#%0/1#: ;
=/%#: KO
118
!"#$%&'()*+&,-./01%&23&04$5#6-&%$-#%7-8%0&18&6#%#9/:4-
7('."+85 1+.1+9+%)#)$(%#"
&$'."+51+.1+9+%)#)$(%#"
7('."+856+('+)1$0
&$'."+56+('+)1$0
4#%,+,
@A'B+15(C5D+99+"9
21$03"+-&."#))+1
/(%(0*1('+
&'(()*+,-&"$..+,
!"#$%
: ; < = > ?: ?;
!"#$%&'();+&,-./01%&23&<-6/$#%1/8&$#%1/0&18&6#%#9/:4-
21$03"+-&."#))+1
4#%,+,
&$'."+56+('+)1$0
7('."+856+('+)1$0
&$'."+51+.1+9+%)#E
)$(%#"
7('."+85 1+.1+9+%)#E
)$(%#"
119
!"#$%&'()*+&,-".%/&"0&12332/4&56&7&18$9&"9:&:;3.
!"#$% &'#()*)+
!"#$%&'(%)* +,-
./&%)*0 1
234&$56370$8/8(%)*0 9:
;/''(%)*0 9:
2$8/70*")3/8(%)*0 9<
!"#=/>70$8/8(?"@'0 -
!"#$%&'(?"@'0 ,
A&'&36"$ 1-
;4$85/70*")3/8(B&40 1<
;4$85/70*")3/8(B)50 <<
!"''&47#/%C/8(B)50 ,,
D@/40 <,
E6F3& 9<
G=&'7H")36/8(&H*6"4& -:
;&0$# I:
J&45/(%'"0/8(B&40 ,
K$#/(*/8/03&''/8(=&0/0 ,
!"#$% <<=*
!"#$%&'()>+&,;?@"A%&0?%"03%90/&"0&12332/4&56&7&18$9&"9:&:;3.
,;?@"A%&0?%"03%90/ B;3#%?&2@&C%//%$/
D$"89 *'E
6292A-?23% )<*
!?8AF$%G,.$"00%? EH
I"9:%: =<
,83.$%&J%23%0?8A KK
,83.$%&?%.?%/%90"0829"$ E'
!20"$&:%A2?"0%: <>=
L-"?0&'(==+&,;?@"A%&0?%"03%90/&"0&12332/4&56&7&18$9&"9:&:;3.
2$H*'/(4/*4/0/#3&3$"#&'
2$H*'/(5/"H/34$%
;&#8/8
.4$%C'/N2*'&33/4 P)H?/4("Q(=/00/'0
M"#"%64"H/
L'&$#
: I:: 9:: <:: O:: ,:: +:: -::
120
!"#$%&'()*+&,-."-/0."12/3"$&456%57&8%196/-6:&;4&<=><<&,?&@956%6&,(A<<(B
!"#$%&$$ '(#)*+,-,#'./$$.#0&#122#34*+5,
'6-47#8*912 :;<
=>?-# ,6-47, ;@A
'615-,#1B*?3#C>?-#,6-47,
'B122#*5-? ;:D
'B122#E2*,-7 0
"-7>+B# *5-? D
"-7>+B#E2*,-7 ;F
G*?>E12#E+5, 0@
;@A
'+4C1E-#94-19B-?9,
H?94-19-7 F F.FI
'B**96-7&,2>55-7 @F 0J.JI
%+4?>,6-7&5*2>,6-7 F F.FI
"*?*E64*B- :K ;0.FI
84>EL2-&,52199-4 ;A J.KI
%1?7, @ 0.KI
M-2>-C#1?7#$?E>,-7 F F.FI
'>B52-#"*?*E64*B- ;A J.KI
'>B52-#N*2OE64*B- F F.FI
G*B52-P @ 0.KI
M-54-,-?919>*?12 A: ;J.JI
;@A ;FF.FI
Q-E*419>*?
84>EL2-&,52199-4 ;A ;K.;I
%1?7, @ ;;.-C#1?7#$?E>,-7 F F.FI
'>B52-#"*?*E64*B- ;A ;K.;I
'>B52-#N*2OE64*B- F F.FI
G*B52-P @ ;;.*?12 A: 0:.;I
KJ ;FF.FI
8*912# 5-4E-?913- KJR;@A A@.0FI
C2".-&'(B'+&,5.D"3%&-.%"-7%E-6&/E&,-."-/0."12/3"$&456%57&8%196/-6:&;4&<=><<&,?&@956%6&,(A<<(B
M-54-,-?919>*?12
G*B52-P
'>B52-#N*2OE64*B-
'>B52-#"*?*E64*B-
M-2>-C#1?7#$?E>,-7
%1?7,
G*2+B?#G
84>EL2-&,52199-4
"*?*E64*B-
%+4?>,6-7&5*2>,6-7
'B**96-7&,2>55-7
H?94-19-7
F ;F :F AF 0F DF JF KF <F @F ;FF
121
!"#$%&'()*+&,-./$#%0/1&$#%0/12&01&3%$#%04$#5"0.#6&782-89&:-5/20%2;&<7&=>?==&3@&A/82-2&3(B==()
!"#$%&'()*&+,,'"
-+./)
0'&#'12+./23.$#)'/
4#5*&'267.7$8"75'
4#5*&'297&:$8"75'
;75*&'<
0'*"')'.,+,#7.+&
C#D6-&'(EF+&3#956-&G$/9&HI$4/2&!/81%$I&A/82-
9:"=7)2>))'5?&+=')(2+&&2"775)
48'"/2!7,+& @ABC
D#.'2 )8'"/) @EFE
G+"='21#.'2)8'"/) EEH
48+*')2+57.=21#.'2)8'"/)
45+&&27*'. H@ IBJBK
45+&&2$&7)'/ @H FJLK
6'/#M52 7*'. L IJLK
6'/#M52$&7)'/ IE @AJCK
;7.#$+&2$M*) HH IHJNK
EEH @CCJCK
4M"1+$'2,"'+,5'.,)
O.,"'+,'/ C CJCK
4577,8'/()&#**'/ @EI BIJLK
-M".#)8'/(*7&#)8'/ C CJCK
67.7$8"75' EE LJNK
!"#$%&'()*&+,,'" @ CJAK
-+./) IE @AJCK
0'&#'12+./23.$#)'/ @ CJAK
4#5*&'267.7$8"75' @N FJCK
4#5*&'297&:$8"75' C CJCK
;75*&'< EC HJHK
0'*"')'.,+,#7.+& @I BJFK
EEH @CCJCK
P'$7"+,#7.
!"#$%&'()*&+,,'" @ @JEK
-+./) IE IHJNK
0'&#'12+./23.$#)'/ @ @JEK
4#5*&'267.7$8"75' @N @LJIK
4#5*&'297&:$8"75' C CJCK
;75*&'< EC EAJ@K
0'*"')'.,+,#7.+& @I @BJFK
HI @CCJCK
!7,+&2 *'"$'.,+=' HIQEEH INJACK
122
!"#$%&'()*+&,-$.#/0&%$0#%102%3&42&56$783&!8-2%$6&98-30
7%0$%-%"#&#/*"&.
=*)0.%>
(/)0.%9;*.<4+$*)%
(/)0.%93*"*4+$*)%
7%./%89&"'9:"4/-%'
1&"'-
=*.2)"9=
5$/46.%,-0.&##%$
3*"*4+$*)%
12$"/-+%',0*./-+%'
()**#+%',-./00%'
!"#$%&#%'
? @? A? B? C? D?? D@? DA?
!"#$%&'():+&;0/8$#%482&$#%483&42&56$783&!8-2%$6&98-30
5$/46.%,-0.&##%$
1&"'-
7%./%89&"'9:"4/-%'
(/)0.%93*"*4+$*)%
(/)0.%9;*.<4+$*)%
=*)0.%>
7%0$%-%"#&#/*"&.
123
!"#$%&'()*+&,-."-/0."12/3"$&456%57&8%196/-6:&;4&<&"00.%0"-%&6"71$%
!"#$
%&'()#*+,-. /001
234'# 5&'()5 6708
%&-9'5#-:+4;#<34'#5&'()5
%:-..#+9'4 =0>
%:-..#?.+5') 6=
"')3@:# +9'4 66
"')3@:#?.+5') 07=
A+43?-.#?@95 0B7C B0DBE
6708
%@(<-?'#,('-,:'4,5
F4,('-,') C
%:++,&')G5.399') 0=/6 B7D1E
H@(435&')G9+.35&') B
"+4+?&(+:' BB8 6/D/E
*(3?I.'G59.-,,'( /
H-4)5 1>
J'.3'<#-4)#$4?35') C
%3:9.'#"+4+?&(+:' 1>
%3:9.'#K+.L?&(+:' C
A+:9.'M 8
J'9('5'4,-,3+4-. >
6708
N'?+(-,3+4
*(3?I.'G59.-,,'( / CD0E
H-4)5 1> 8D>E
J'.3'<#-4)#$4?35') C CDCE
%3:9.'#"+4+?&(+:' 1> 8D>E
%3:9.'#K+.L?&(+:' C CDCE
A+:9.'M 8 CD0E
J'9('5'4,-,3+4-. > CD6E
6C6 7D/E
*+,-.# 9'(?'4,-;' 6C6O6708 7D/CE
124
!"#$%&'()*+&,-$.#/0&%$0#%102%3&42&,%$#%45$#6"4/#7&8-30-1&906:34%3;&<8&=&#55$05#%0&3#1670&>4%"&
/:24/#7&/-63
7%0$%-%"#&#/*"&.
=*)0.%>
(/)0.%9;*.<4+$*)%
(/)0.%93*"*4+$*)%
7%./%89&"'9:"4/-%'
1&"'-
=*.2)"9=
5$/46.%,-0.&##%$
3*"*4+$*)%
12$"/-+%',0*./-+%'
()**#+%',-./00%'
!"#$%&#%'
? @?? A?? B?? C?? D???D@??DA??DB??DC??@???
!"#$%&'('?+&,-$.#/0&%$0#%102%3&42&,%$#%45$#6"4/#7&8-30-1&906:34%3;&<8&=&#55$05#%0&3#1670&>4%":-%&
/:24/#7&/-63
7%0$%-%"#&#/*"&.
=*)0.%>
(/)0.%9;*.<4+$*)%
(/)0.%93*"*4+$*)%
7%./%89&"'9:"4/-%'
1&"'-
=*.2)"9G
5$/46.%,-0.&##%$
3*"*4+$*)%
12$"/-+%',0*./-+%'
()**#+%',-./00%'
!"#$%&#%'
? D?? @?? E?? A?? F?? B??
!"#$%&'('@+&A0/:$#%4:2&$#%4:3&42&,%$#%45$#6"4/#7&8-30-1&906:34%3;&<8&=&#55$05#%0&3#1670
5$/46.%,-0.&##%$
1&"'-
7%./%89&"'9:"4/-%'
(/)0.%93*"*4+$*)%
(/)0.%9;*.<4+$*)%
=*)0.%>
7%0$%-%"#&#/*"&.
125
!"#$%&'(')*&+"#,-&$#%./0&.1&+%$#%.2$#,".3#4&560-67&8-,/0.%09&:5&;&#22$-2#%-&0#7,4-
!"#$$%&'()
!"#$$%*$&+(,
-(,./"% &'()
-(,./"%*$&+(,
0&).*#$%*/'+
<#=4-&'(>?*&+%$#%.2$#,".3#4&560-67&8-,/0.%9&+@&A/60-0&+(B;;(>9&:5&;CD;;
1-%23422 !5%6&/+(+%!78227%94%#$$%:;&/'+%
!<(;,%=&>#$ ?@AB
C.)(% +<(;,+ @DEA
!<#'(+%#"&):%F.)(%+<(;,+
!"#$$%&'() E@@B G?7HI
!"#$$%*$&+(, DE J7JI
-(,./"% &'() EJ B7GI
-(,./"%*$&+(, JG9 E7BI
0&).*#$%*/'+ GA9J HD7JI
@DEA
!/;F#*(%>;(#>"()>+
K)>;(#>(, B B7BI
!"&&><(,4+$.''(, 9?DH DG7?I
3/;).+<(,4'&$.+<(, JG B7EI
-&)&*<;&"( J9BB EB7AI
=;.*L$(4+'$#>>(; GG B7HI
3#),+ JD? E7DI
M($.(F%#),%2)*.+(, E B7BI
!."'$(%-&)&*<;&"( A9 J7EI
!."'$(%N&$O*<;&"( B B7BI
0&"'$(P JG B7EI
M(';(+()>#>.&)#$ E? B79I
@DEA JBB7BI
Q(*&;#>.&)
=;.*L$(4+'$#>>(; GG ?7DI
3#),+ JD? HE7@I
M($.(F%#),%2)*.+(, E B7@I
!."'$(%-&)&*<;&"( A9 E97DI
!."'$(%N&$O*<;&"( B B7BI
0&"'$(P JG G7AI
M(';(+()>#>.&)#$ E? A7HI
G9B JBB7BI
=&>#$% '(;*()>#:( G9BR@DEA H7JBI
126
!"#$%&'(')*&+,-.$#%/.0&%$,#%1,0%2&/0&3%$#%/4$#5"/-#6&782,81&9,5.2/%:&3;&<.82,2&3(=>>(?:&@7&>AB
>>
!"#$%&'()*&+,,'"
-+./)
0'&#'12+./23.$#)'/
4#5*&'267.7$8"75'
4#5*&'297&:$8"75'
;75*&'<
0'*"')'.,+,#7.+&
C#D6,&'(?E*&3"#5,2&/0&F#6#/G#2%$.:&A8/69/04&H:&I..1&JK
3"#5,2 H81D,$&.L&M,22,62
N4/M#6&-852 )?O
!.0/-#6&-852 EP
I.809,9&-85 E
3%$#/4"%B2/9,9&-85 E
Q15".$# E
Q15".$./9&R#$ J
!..G/04&M,22,62 J
F/%".2 J
C.%#6 )K'
127
!"#$%&'()*+&,-".%/&"0&1"$"23"/0456&7%$$&'89
!"#$% &'#()*)+
,-(*.#/0.'$ 1
23%4-*/05-')"06'7 89
:%#;<=$-')%>06'7 8?
23%4-*/05-')"0-30@%#;<=$-')%>06'7 A
B7*C#/0.'$= 1
DE%3 1
F/-@'/#30#5$"-3# 8
23*$->0.--;*(70$-) 1
23%4-*/05-')"0=)3#*(%3 8
G'70E*)"0"*7"0"#(>/% 8
BC#/<5-')"%>0#5$"-3# 8H
I5$"-3# 8
J(-@@%>0#5$"-3#% 9
K*)"-= 8
DE%3 8
G#3LG'7 8
G'7 8
2-)#/ AM
!"#$%&'())+&,:4;"<%&04%"0=%>0/&"0&1"$"23"/0456&7%$$&'89
,:4;"<%&04%"0=%>0/ ?:=#%4&5;&@%//%$/
1$"2> *A
B5>5<-45=% '
,=550-%CD/$2..%C *
!42<3$%D,.$"00%4 8
E">C%C F
G5.%D0-:=#&2=.4%//25> H
G%$2%;DI><2/%C '
,2=.$%&J%5=%042< 8
,2=.$%&4%.4%/%>0"025>"$ H
!50"$ *K
128
!"#$%&'(')*&+,$-#./&%$/#%0/1%2&#%&3#4#56#2%$78&9/44&':;
-$+2",9*,2*,1,%.#.$'%#"
-$+2",9<,'+,.*$(
6,"$,:0;%($1,/
6'2,0.)7+89 $+2*,11$'%
5#%/,/
C7+8,*9':9D,11,"1
3*$(4",0-2"#..,*
-+''.),/01"$22,/
&'%'()*'+,
!"#$%
= > ?= ?> @= @> A= A> B=
!"#$%&'(''*&</.7$#%571&$#%572&#%&3#4#56#2%$78&9/44&':;
5#%/,/
6'2,0.)7+89$+E
2*,11$'%
6,"$,:0;%($1,/
-$+2",9<,'+,.*$(
-$+2",9*,2*,1,%.#E
.$'%#"
129
!"#$%&'()'*&+,%-."/&01"2%&34&56/&78,-9%&:;%&<",%$$"
0;"1% =&>?&,;%.9,&@A55&:>:"$B
C-8%&2>8-2"$&2D1 5E
0%F-G$>#D$".&2D1 E(H
4D1 E(5
78I"89I>D:&#>J$ 6()
02>>1 6()
K1%8& 5(L
M". 6()
4$>,%9 56()
4>".,%&,%F-G$>#D$".&2D1 5(L
0:."-G;:I,-9%9&2D1 6(N
4D1 A(A
<"$":;>, 6(N
K1%8 6(N
O": 6()
P.-9G%I,1>D:%9&Q". 6()
4$>,%9&1"-8:%9 L('
4$>,%9&D81"-8:%9 H()
R89-"G8>,:-2 '(E
4>>S-8G&T%,,%$, AU('
+;V$$-:%&?"#.-2&F-8-":D.%&:.-1>9 6()
P>J$&>.&#",-8 6(N
M". 6(N
4$>,%9 6()
R89-"G8>,:-2 5(L
130
!"#$%&'()*+&,-%./"0&12"3%&45670&89:-.;%&:<%&=>"-%$$"?
1<"2% @&AB&-<%/;-&CD**&:A:"$E
F.G%&3AG.3"$&392 67(*
1:/".H<:I-.;%;&392 7(J
1%K.H$A#9$"/&392 )(6
L%$$&392 7('
592 6M
13AA2 7('
1:/".H<:I-.;%;&N"/ 7(D
L/.;H%I-2A9:%;&N"/ 7(D
O9H 6()
5$A-%; 67(M
592 7(D
LAP$ 7(J
82%G 7('
O"/ 7(J
5$A-%;&2".G:%; 66(6
5$A-%;&9G2".G:%; Q(D
RG;."HGA-:.3 6(*
5AAS.GH&T%--%$- UQ(U
,<V$$.:%&B"#/.3&3AG.3"$&392 7('
FA/%.HG&<%K.-2<%/.3"$&392 7(D
FA/%.HG&392 7(D
FA/%.HG&3$A-%; 7(D
!"#$%&'()Q+&19/B"3%&:/%":K%G:-&.G&3":"$AH9%&.G&,-%./"0&45&67
19/B"3%&:/%":K%G: WG-.;%&>"-%$$" 89:-.;%&>"-%$$"
,$".G ' )
XAGA3</AK% U 7
L"G;%; ' )
Y%$.%BZWG3.-%; 7 6
YA2%Z:<9K#&.K2/%--.AG- 6 7
1.K2$%&H%AK%:/.3 ' 7
1.K2$%&/%2/%-%G:":.AG"$ D 6
5AAS.GH ' )
!A:"$ U* 6)
131
!"#$%&'()*+&,%-./"01.2&/"01.3&12&-"0"$.45%&12&63%1/"7&89&:;
<5/="-%&0/%"0>%20 ?231@%&A"3%$$" B5031@%&A"3%$$"
C"2@%@ ' )
D%$1%=E?2-13%@ ; :
D.F%E0G5>#&1>F/%331.23 : ;
<1>F$%&4%.>%0/1- ' ;
<1>F$%&/%F/%3%20"01.2"$ H :
9G"/0&'('I+&,%-./"01.2&/"01.3&12&-"0"$.45%&12&63%1/"7&89&:;7&?231@%&0G%&A"3%$$"
!"#$%$
&%'(%)*+#,(-%$
&./%*012345(36
/7%--(.#-
8(3/'%59%.3%07(,
8(3/'%57%/7%-%#0"0(.#"'
9G"/0&'('J+&,%-./"01.2&/"01.3&12&-"0"$.45%&12&63%1/"7&89&:;7&B5031@%&0G%&A"3%$$"
!"#$%$
&%'(%)*+#,(-%$
&./%*012345(36
/7%--(.#-
8(3/'%59%.3%07(,
8(3/'%57%/7%-%#0"0(.#"'
132
!"#$%&'()*+&,-%./"0&,$"1%."&23.$4.560&7889&2:;0&<851%=1-&'&"54&>
:?"@% A&8B&-?%/4-&CD;E&181"$F
G.5%&H85.H"$&H3@ *(;
:1/".6?1I-.4%4&H3@ )(J
:%9.6$8#3$"/&H3@ J(;
K%46%I/.9&H3@ L(>
2%$$&H3@0&@".51%4 L(J
:@831%4&H3@ L(;
<3@ ;>(E
:1%99%4&H3@ ;(>
:H88@ L(;
M@%50&@".51%4 L(E
:.4%I-@831%40&@".51%4 L(;
<$8-%40&@".51%4 >(>
<$8-%40&35@".51%4 )
<8"/-%&<85.H"$&<3@ L(>
N"$"1?8- L(J
<3@ ;('
O"/ L()
O36 L(;
<$8-%4&@".51%4 >()
<$8-%4&35@".51%4 ;'(;
<88P.56&Q%--%$- ;L(;
,?R$$.1%&B"#/.H&H85.H"$&H3@ S(*
:1/".6?1I-.4%4&H3@ L()
<3@ J(J
:H88@ L(;
:@831%4&#8T$U8@%5 L(;
M@%5 L(>
O"/ L(;
<$8-%40&@".51%4 J(*
<$8-%40&35@".51%4 ;(;
V.5."13/%&1/.@84 ;(S
133
!"#$%&'(')*&+%,-."/0-1&,"/%2-.0%3&01&,"/"$-24%&01&53%0."6&5$"/%0"&740$80126&9--:&7;<6&=-1/%>/3&'&
"18&?
;4.@",%&/.%"/:%1/ A4:#%.&-@&B%33%$3&01&,"/"$-24%
7"18%8 <
9%$0%@CD1,03%8 <
;0:E$%&2%-:%/.0, F
;0:E$%&.%E.%3%1/"/0-1"$ G
=H"./&'('I*&+%,-."/0-1&."/0-3&01&,"/"$-24%&01&53%0."6&5$"/%0"&740$80126&9--:&7;<6&=-1/%>/3&'&"18&?
!"#$%$
&%'(%)*+#,(-%$
.(/0'%12%3/%45(,
.(/0'%15%05%-%#4"6
4(3#"'
134
!"#$%&'(')*&+,%-."/&0"1"2%&30&45-$2-67&4!
89":% ;&30&,9%.2,&<=>'&?3?"$@
A-6%&136-1"$&15: B(C
43D$ E(F
8%G-7$3#5$".&15:/&:"-6?%2 E(F
H5:/&:"-6?%2 )(I
H5:/&56:"-6?%2 E(F
H9"$-1% E(F
J57 )(I
H$3,%2/&:"-6?%2 )(=
H$3,%2/&56:"-6?%2 )(>
43D$ E(F
4",-6 E(=
4.-27%K,:35?%2&L". E(F
+-.-03.G&L". E(F
J". )(I
+-?93, B()
J57 E(F
45$$K,9":%2&.9M?36 E(F
H$3,%2/&?.-1N$% >(C
H$3,%2/&#"62, )(=
H$3,%2/&$-6%, E(F
H$3,%2&:"-6?%2 =(O
H$3,%2&56:"-6?%2 FI(I
P-2 E(=
H33N-67&Q%,,%$, B(I
+9M$$-?%&0"#.-1&136-1"$&15: E(=
!.-:32&"62&G-6-"?5.%&Q%,,%$, F('
J". =(O
RQ"$KG35?9%2&"G:93." E(F
H$3,%2/&56:"-6?%2 )B(C
H$3,%2 E(F
135
!"#$%&'(')*&+,-.$,/0&120&345$6578&10&9,,:&)
!"#$% &'#()*)+,-.,/%0-1#)%/ 2%10%()#3%
!"#$%&'(%)* + ,-./
01$2&'(%)* .3 4-56
01$2&'(%)*(7(8&#9': 3 5-,;
<")#9:9(%)* 3, .-3,
=>?&$18>@A$9:9(%)* , 5-6,
B#%$A:9(%)* , 5-6,
!)* 3 5-,;
C"?$D"#>&'@8&#9':9(E"7' . 5-F4
G#"E@8&#9':9(E"7' 3 5-,;
H"7' ; 3-6;
I'&E&A>?"#( . 5-F4
!"''&?:9(J)1 3 5-,;
K?:L"$'@M")>8:9(J)1 3 5-,;
H?$91:@A*")>:9(J)1 3 5-,;
N)1 / 3-5/
H?$91:@A*")>:9(J&? 3 5-,;
=$9:@A*")>:9(J&? , 5-6,
=>?&$#:? , 5-6,
=>$??)*(J&? 3 5-,;
!O'$#9?$%&'(*OP$A 3 5-,;
Q$A%-(%'"A:9 ; 3-6;
R$9(>O*:(I 3 5-,;
Q$A%(%'"A:9(>O*:(, 3 5-,;
Q$A%("*:#(>O*:(. 3 5-,;
Q$A%(%'"A:9(>O*:(. 3 5-,;
Q$A%("*:#(>O*:(/ 3 5-,;
R$9(>O*:(S("?(T 3 5-,;
Q$A%(%'"A:9(>O*:(F 3 5-,;
Q$A%("*:#(>O*:(4 3 5-,;
4-)#5 ++ ,6-F.
136
!"#$%&'(')*&+,-."/%&0-%"01%203&42&/"0"$56,%7&85/9$537&:;7&<,4$=426&:7&>551&?
+,-."/%&0-%"01%20 @,1#%-&5.&A%33%$3&42&/"0"$56,%
<,-2439%= )
8525/9-51% B?
<"2=%= C
>%$4%.DE2/43%= F
+41G$%&6%51%0-4/ B)
H51G$%I&6%51%0-4/ )
+41G$%&-%G-%3%20"0452"$ J
H51G$%I&-%G-%3%20"0452"$ ?
!50"$&=%/5-"0%= )K
H9"-0&'('C*&L%/5-"0452&-"0453&42&/"0"$56,%7&85/9$537&:;7&<,4$=426&:7&>551&
D#(/%/
=%5*%.OP(0*A%/
!*I$5%,3%-I%)1*0
4-I$5%Q,3%-I%)1*0
!*I$5%,1%$1%A%()#)*-(#5
4-I$5%Q,1%$1%A%()#)*-(#5
!"#$%&'('F*&85/9$537&:-043"23M&;,"-0%-7&<,4$=426&:7&>551&F
!"#$% &'#()*)+,-.,/%0-1#)%/ 2%10%()#3%
4-(*0#5,0'$ 6 7896
:3*;#5,0'$ 9 <879
=-'(/%/,0'$ 7 >8?<
!)1#*3")@A*/%/,0'$ 7 >8?<
!0--$ > B8CC
D%#E@A$-')%/,F'3 78< 78>G
H1%.-*5@I-')"%/,F'3 > B8CC
J'3 6 7896
!*/%@A$-')%/,F#1,-1,A)1#*(%1 > B8CC
!)1#*(%1 > B8CC
K*/,)+$%,L > B8CC
M*A0,05-A%/,)+$%,6 > B8CC
M*A0,05-A%/,)+$%,? 7 >8?<
H-)#5 798< 7687N
137
!"#$%&'('')&&*+,-$+./&0123."4.5&67"12%1/&873$934:&8/&;++<&=>
!"#$% &'#()*)+,-.,/%0-1#)%/ 2%10%()#3%
!"#$%&'(%)* + ,-..
/0$1&'(%)* 2 ,-+2
3")#454(%)* + ,-..
678&$097:;$454(%)* + ,-..
!&8$#&754(%)* 2 ,-+2
<)=>'58 ? +-.@
A"8$B"#7&':9&#4'54(>"C' , D-??
E"C' 2 ,-+2
<&''(&'&>&;78"#( , D-??
6F)&7(&'&>&;78"# , D-??
G)0 + ,-..
E8$405:;*")754(H&8 I 2-?J
6$45:;*")754(H&8 , D-??
6$45:;*")754(H&8("8(;78&$#58 , D-??
67$88)*(H&8 , D-??
K$;%(%'";54(7L*5(2 , D-??
E&;$#(7L*5(+ , D-??
M$8$N"8=(H&8(7L*5(+ , D-??
M$79";(7L*5(+ , D-??
K$;%(%'";54(7L*5(+ ? +-.@
M$79";(7L*5(I , D-??
A"'5:=")7954(H&8(7L*5(J , D-??
G&8(7L*5(J , D-??
O=*9"8&(7L*5(@ , D-??
M$79";(7L*5(@ , D-??
K$;%(%'";54(7L*5(@ + ,-..
4-)#5 J2 +I-I
138
!"#$%&'(')*&+,-.$,/0&120&345$6578&30&9,,:&;
!"#$% &'#()*)+,-.,/%0-1#)%/ 2%10%()#3%
!"#$%&'(%)* + ,-./
01$2&'(%)* ,3 ,4-/5
6")#787(%)* 9 /-,.
6")#787(%)*(:;<="# , 4->9
?=:&$1;=@A$787(%)* , 4->9
B8''(%)* , 4->9
!&:$#&=87(%)* , 4->9
C)DE'8: / ,-4F
G":$H"#=&'@;&#7'87(%)* + ,-./
B"I' / ,-4F
J'&E&A=:"#( , 4->9
B8&K@A*")=87(L)1 , 4->9
M"I(E8&K@A*")=87(L)1 , 4->9
N)1 , 4->9
B:$718@A*")=87(L&: , 4->9
JD*;":& , 4->9
O$A%-(%'"A87 , 4->9
O$A%(%'"A87(=<*8(+ , 4->9
M$7(C<*8(PQ(=<*8(+ , 4->9
O$A%(%'"A87(=<*8(> , 4->9
O$A%(%'"A87(=<*8(5 9 /-,.
B"I'Q(=<*8(,+ , 4->9
4-)#5 >/ /F-43
!"#$%&'('<*&=4>?"-%&@>%"@:%7@/&57&-"@"$,84%&57&+,-.$,/0&120&345$6578&30&9,,:&;
=4>?"-%&@>%"@:%7@ A4:#%>&,?&B%//%$/&57&-"@"$,84%
+,7,-.>,:% C
=D$"-.E!>5-F$% G
3"76%6 C
=5:D$%&8%,:%@>5- H
I,:D$%J&>%D>%/%7@"@5,7"$ G
!,@"$&6%-,>"@%6 K
I.">@&'()L*&M%-,>"@5,7&>"@5,/&57&-"@"$,84%&57&+,-.$,/0&120&345$6578&30&9,,:&;
?*'&%;RC:$%K'8
B&#787
?$D*'8(18"D8=:$%
!"D*'8S(:8*@
:8A8#=&=$"#&'
139
!"#$%&'(')*&+,-.$,/0&1."$23,4,5620&7,,4&8
!"#$% &'#()*)+,-.,/%0-1#)%/ 2%10%()#3%
4-(*0#5,0'$ 6 7899
:-'(/%/,0'$ 6 7899
;1*/3%<=$-')%/,-1,0-55#1%/,>'3 6 7899
?'3 6 7899
!*/%<=$-')%/,>#1,-1,=)1#*(%1 6 7899
4+5*(/1*0#5,$+@*= 6 7899
A*=0,05-=%/,)+$%,7 6 7899
A*=0,05-=%/,)+$%,B 6 7899
A*=0,05-=%/,)+$%,C 7 D8EB
F-)#5 6G 7987H
!"#$%&'('9*&+,-.$,/0&1."$23,4,5620&7,,4&:
!"#$% &'#()*)+,-.,/%0-1#)%/ 2%10%()#3%
4-(*0#5,0'$ 7 D86C
I3*J#5,0'$ 7 D86C
4'$K,L*(*#)'1% 6 78GM
N(<#(/<-'),O-P5 6 78GM
;1*/3%<=$-')%/,>#1 6 78GM
!)*11'$,>#1 6 78GM
A*(*#)'1%,$*)"-= 6 78GM
F1#+K,)+$%,9 6 78GM
A*=0,05-=%/,)+$%,9 7 D86C
A*=0,05-=%/,)+$%,C 6 78GM
F-)#5 69 7C8GC
!"#$%&'(8;*&<."=%/&23&+,-.$,/0&1>:&/5#?@$,,6&A%=,/2B
<."=% +232454&354#%6&=6%/%3B
CD2E"$&-5= F
<2A%?/=,5B%A&4232"B56%&G"6 F
<4"$$&=HI2/ F
>,$%?4,5B.%A&G"6 :
J262@,64&G"6 K
J2B.,/ K
L2A0&42/-( :
M4=.,6" F
!,B"$ FN
140
!"#$%&'()*+&,-./"0%&1.%"12%314&53&0"1"$67-%&53&8609$64:&;<=&4-#>/$66.&?%@6451
,-./"0%&1.%"12%31 A-2#%.&6/&B%44%$4&53&0"1"$67-%
C$"53 '
863609.62% =
,$5@@%? D
E"3?%? =
F6@%G19-2#&52@.%445634 =
;9".1&'()*+&H%06."1563&."1564&53&0"1"$67-%&53&8609$64:&;<=&4-#>/$66.&?%@6451
!"#$%
&'%'()*'+,
-"$..,/
0#%/,/
1'.,23)4+56 $+.*,77$'%7
141
!"#$%&'()*+&,-."-/0."12/3"$&456%57&8%196/-6:&;4&<<&"00.%0"-%&6"71$%
!"# $$
%&'()# *+,-. /0/1
234'# 5&'()5 6788
%&-9'5# -:+4;# <34'# 5&'()5

%:-..# +9'4 6=0= 77>?@
%:-..# A.+5') 6= B>7@
"')3C:# +9'4 / B>6@
"')3C:# A.+5') 6/D 7>=@
E+43A-.# AC95 /8D 68>/@
6788 6BB>B@
%C(<-A'# ,('-,:'4,5
F4,('-,') B B>B@
%:++,&')G5.399') ?B8 =8>?@
HC(435&')G9+.35&') =0 />B@
"+4+A&(+:' ?/= =0>7@
*(3AI.'G59.-,,'( 8 B>/@
H-4)5 6B/ 0>D@
J'.3'<# -4)# $4A35') B B>B@
%3:9.'# "+4+A&(+:' /81 68>=@
%3:9.'# K+.LA&(+:' 7 B>8@
E+:9.'M =1 />/@
J'9('5'4,-,3+4-. D6 8>?@
6788 6BB>B@
N'A+(-,3+4
*(3AI.'G59.-,,'( 8 B>D@
H-4)5 6B/ /6>/@
J'.3'<# -4)# $4A35') B B>B@
%3:9.'# "+4+A&(+:' /81 06>7@
%3:9.'# K+.LA&(+:' 7 6>0@
E+:9.'M =1 D>6@
J'9('5'4,-,3+4-. D6 6?>D@
8D/ 6BB>B@
*+,-.# 9'(A'4,-;' 8D/O6788 /7>?B@

=2".-&'()*+&,5.>"3%&-.%"-7%?-6&/?&,-."-/0."12/3"$&456%57&8%196/-6:&;4&<<&"00.%0"-%&6"71$%
J'9('5'4,-,3+4-.
E+:9.'M
%3:9.'#K+.LA&(+:'
%3:9.'#"+4+A&(+:'
J'.3'<#-4)#$4A35')
H-4)5
E+.C:4#E
*(3AI.'G59.-,,'(
"+4+A&(+:'
HC(435&')G9+.35&')
%:++,&')G5.399')
F4,('-,')
B 6BB/BB=BB8BB0BB?BB7BB
142
!"#$%&'()*+&,-./$#%0/1&$#%0/2&01&3%$#%04$#5"0.#6&782-89&:-5/20%2;&<7&==&#44$-4#%-&2#956-
!"#$%&'()*&+,,'"
-+./)
0'&#'12+./23.$#)'/
4#5*&'267.7$8"75'
4#5*&'297&:$8"75'
;75*&'<
0'*"')'.,+,#7.+&
!"#$%&'()>+&3"#5-&$#%0/2&01&3%$#%04$#5"0.#6&782-89&:-5/20%2;&<7&==&#44$-4#%-&2#956-
45+&&27*'.
45+&&2$&7)'/
6'/#=52 7*'.
6'/#=52$&7)'/
;7.#$+&2$=*)
143
!"#$%&'()*+&,-."-/0."12/3"$&456%57&8%196/-6:&;4&<<<=&"00.%0"-%&6"71$%
!"# $$$%
&'()*# +,-./ 012
345(# 6'()*6 789
&'.:(6# .;,5<# =45(# 6'()*6

&;.//# ,:(5 2>?
&;.//# @/,6(* 7
"(*4A;# ,:(5 7
"(*4A;# @/,6(* 8B
C,54@./# @A:6 7D
789
&A)=.@(# -)(.-;(5-6
E5-)(.-(* 9
&;,,-'(*F6/4::(* 9?7
GA)546'(*F:,/46'(* 2D >H1I
",5,@'),;( 991
+)4@J/(F6:/.--() D
G.5*6 97
K(/4(=# .5*# $5@46(* D
&4;:/(# ",5,@'),;( B
&4;:/(# L,/M@'),;( D
C,;:/(N 2
K(:)(6(5-.-4,5./ >
789
O(@,).-4,5
+)4@J/(F6:/.--() D DHDI
G.5*6 97 7HBI
K(/4(=# .5*# $5@46(* D DHDI
&4;:/(# ",5,@'),;( B 2H7I
&4;:/(# L,/M@'),;( D DHDI
C,;:/(N 2 DH0I
K(:)(6(5-.-4,5./ > 9H>I
2B BH2I
+,-./# :()@(5-.<( 2BP789 BH2DI

>2".-&'()'+&,5.?"3%&-.%"-7%@-6&/@&,-."-/0."12/3"$&456%57&8%196/-6:&;4&<<<=&"00.%0"-%&6"71$%
K(:)(6(5-.-4,5./
C,;:/(N
&4;:/(#L,/M@'),;(
&4;:/(#",5,@'),;(
K(/4(=#.5*#$5@46(*
G.5*6
C,/A;5#C
+)4@J/(F6:/.--()
",5,@'),;(
GA)546'(*F:,/46'(*
&;,,-'(*F6/4::(*
E5-)(.-(*
D >D 9DD 9>D 2DD
144
!"#$%&'())*&+,-.$#%/.0&$#%/.1&/0&2%$#%/3$#4"/-#5&671,78&9,4.1/%1:&;6&<<<=&#33$,3#%,&1#845,
!"#$%&'()*&+,,'"
-+./)
0'&#'12+./23.$#)'/
4#5*&'267.7$8"75'
4#5*&'297&:$8"75'
;75*&'<
0'*"')'.,+,#7.+&
!"#$%&'()>*&2"#4,&$#%/.1&/0&2%$#%/3$#4"/-#5&671,78&9,4.1/%1:&;6&<<<=&#33$,3#%,&1#845,
45+&&27*'.
45+&&2$&7)'/
6'/#=52 7*'.
6'/#=52$&7)'/
;7.#$+&2$=*)
145
!"#$%&'()*+&,-."-/0."12/3"$&456%57&8%196/-6:&;4&<<<=&"00.%0"-%&6"71$%
!"# $$$%
&'()*# +,-./ 012
345(# 6'()*6 721
&'.8(6# .9,5:# ;45(# 6'()*6

&9.//# ,8(5 <=0 2>?0@
&9.//# A/,6(* BC <?2@
"(*4D9# ,8(5 B< 7?<@
"(*4D9# A/,6(* BC?B@
721 BCC?C@
&D);.A(# -)(.-9(5-6
F5-)(.-(* C C?C@
&9,,-'(*G6/488(* B20 H1?0@
%D)546'(*G8,/46'(* BB <?=@
",5,A'),9( BC1 <>?<@
+)4AI/(G68/.--() < C?0@
%.5*6 72 =?>@
J(/4(;# .5*# $5A46(* C C?C@
&498/(# ",5,A'),9( 70 =?7@
&498/(# K,/LA'),9( C C?C@
E,98/(M < C?0@
J(8)(6(5-.-4,5./ > <?B@
721 BCC?C@
N(A,).-4,5
+)4AI/(G68/.--() < <?H@

%.5*6 72 HH?C@
J(/4(;# .5*# $5A46(* C C?C@
&498/(# ",5,A'),9( 70 HB?2@
&498/(# K,/LA'),9( C C?C@
E,98/(M < <?H@
J(8)(6(5-.-4,5./ > =?0@
>H BCC?C@
+,-./# 8()A(5-.:( >HO721 <<?7C@
146
!"#$%&'()*+&,-$.#/0&%$0#%102%3&42&,%$#%45$#6"4/#7&8-30-1&906:34%3;&<8&===>&#55$05#%0&3#1670
7%0$%-%"#&#/*"&.
=*)0.%>
(/)0.%9;*.<4+$*)%
(/)0.%93*"*4+$*)%
7%./%89&"'9:"4/-%'
1&"'-
=*.2)"9=
5$/46.%,-0.&##%$
3*"*4+$*)%
12$"/-+%',0*./-+%'
()**#+%',-./00%'
!"#$%&#%'
? @? A? B? C? D??D@?DA?DB?DC?@??
!"#$%&'()?+&@0/:$#%4:2&$#%4:3&42&,%$#%45$#6"4/#7&8-30-1&906:34%3;&<8&===>&#55$05#%0&3#1670
5$/46.%,-0.&##%$
1&"'-
7%./%89&"'9:"4/-%'
(/)0.%93*"*4+$*)%
(/)0.%9;*.<4+$*)%
=*)0.%>
7%0$%-%"#&#/*"&.
!"#$%&'(AB+&,"#60&$#%4:3&42&,%$#%45$#6"4/#7&8-30-1&906:34%3;&<8&===>&#55$05#%0&3#1670
()&..9*0%"
()&..94.*-%'
3%'/2)9 *0%"
3%'/2)94.*-%'
=*"/4&.9420-
147
!"#$%&'()'*&+,-",./-"01.2"$&345%46&7%085.,59&:3&;;;<&"//-%/",%&5"60$%
!"#$$$%
&'()*#+,-./ 0123
456(# 7'()*7 893
&'.:(7#.;,6<#=56(#7'()*7
&;.//#,:(6 202
&;.//#>/,7(* 0?
"(*5@;# ,:(6 10
"(*5@;#>/,7(* 0AA
%,65>./#>@:7 3
893
&@)=.>(#-)(.-;(6-7
B6-)(.-(* A
&;,,-'(*C7/5::(* 021
D@)657'(*C:,/57'(* 0A
",6,>'),;( ?8A
+)5>E/(C7:/.--() A
D.6*7 ?02
F(/5(=#.6*#$6>57(* A
&5;:/(#",6,>'),;( 0?2
&5;:/(#G,/H>'),;( ?
%,;:/(I 09
F(:)(7(6-.-5,6./ JA
893
K(>,).-5,6
+)5>E/(C7:/.--() A ALAM
D.6*7 ?02 3JLAM
F(/5(=#.6*#$6>57(* A ALAM
&5;:/(#",6,>'),;( 0?2 10L9M
&5;:/(#G,/H>'),;( ? AL3M
%,;:/(I 09 JLAM
F(:)(7(6-.-5,6./ JA 0ALAM
JA? 0AALAM
+,-./# :()>(6-.<( JA?N893 J9L3AM

<1"-,&'(=>*&+4-?"2%&,-%",6%@,5&.@&+,-",./-"01.2"$&345%46&7%085.,59&:3&;;;<&"//-%/",%&5"60$%
F(:)(7(6-.-5,6./
%,;:/(I
&5;:/(#G,/H>'),;(
&5;:/(#",6,>'),;(
F(/5(=#.6*#$6>57(*
D.6*7
%,/@;6#%
+)5>E/(C7:/.--()
",6,>'),;(
D@)657'(*C:,/57'(*
&;,,-'(*C7/5::(*
B6-)(.-(*
A 3A 0AA 03A ?AA ?3A 1AA
148
!"#$%&'()*+&,-./$#%0/1&$#%0/2&01&3%$#%04$#5"0.#6&782-89&:-5/20%2;&<7&===!&#44$-4#%-&2#956-
!"#$%&'()*&+,,'"
-+./)
0'&#'12+./23.$#)'/
4#5*&'267.7$8"75'
4#5*&'297&:$8"75'
;75*&'<
0'*"')'.,+,#7.+&
!"#$%&'()>+&3"#5-&$#%0/2&01&3%$#%04$#5"0.#6&782-89&:-5/20%2;&<7&===!&#44$-4#%-&2#956-
45+&&27*'.
45+&&2$&7)'/
6'/#=52 7*'.
6'/#=52$&7)'/
;7.#$+&2$=*)
149
!"#$%&'())*&+,-",./-"01.2"$&345%46&7%085.,59&0%-2%:,"/%5&8;&7%28-",.8:&,1-84/1&,.6%
<6"$/"6",%7&=%-.87 >%28-",.8:&0%-2%:,"/%
33&? @(@
33&?? AA(B
33&???&%"-$C AD(E
33&???&$",% D@
F3&?< DB()
F3&?? D@()
F3&???< B(D
F3&???G DD(H
F3&???I E)('
I1"-,&'(@E*&+,-",./-"01.2"$&345%46&7%085.,59&0%-2%:,"/%5&8;&7%28-",.8:&,1-84/1&,.6%
/.
3/
3.
2/
2.
4567"8"9:00"6;.:/< ?$@A&%)BAC" D$&@$C)%E$
1/
=>"8".:30 !$%C"5?$@A&%)BAC"D$&@$C)%E$7
1. FAG$&"5?$@A&%)BAC"D$&@$C)%E$7
0/
0.
.
!!"## !!"###"'%)$ *!"## *!"###,
!!"# !!"###"$%&'( *!"#+ *!"###+ *!"###-
150
!"#$%&'()'*&+,$-,.%#/,0&12&3,-1$#%41.&%"$15/"&%46,7&89&:::;&$,61<,3
;6#=/#6#%,3&+,$413 >,-1$#%41.&?,$-,.%#/,
99&: )()
99&:: @@(A
99&:::&,#$=B @C(D
99&:::&=#%, C)
89&:; CA(E
89&:: C)(E
89&:::F CC(G
89&:::! DE('
/.
3/
3.
2/
4567"8"9:03"6;.:99
2. <="8".:>3
?$@A&%)BAC" D$&@$C)%E$
1/ !$%C"5?$@A&%)BAC" D$&@$C)%E$7
1. FAG$&"5?$@A&%)BAC"D$&H
@$C)%E$7
0/
0.
/
.
!!"## !!"###"'%)$ *!"## *!"###-
!!"# !!"###"$%&'( *!"#+ *!"###,
151
!"#$%&'()*+&,-."-/0."12/3"$&456%57&8%196/-6:&8%39."-/9;&";8&3971$%<&8%39."-/9;&1%.3%;-"0%6&
-2.9502&-/7%
=7"$0"7"-%8&>%./98 ?%39."-/9;&1%.3%;-"0% @971$%<&?%39."-/9;&
1%.3%;-"0%A&9B%."$$
44&C *(* D(*
44&CC DD(E F(G
44&CCC&%".$H DF(G F(D
44&CCC&$"-% F* '(F
I4&C= FE() *(E
I4&CC F*() *(J
I4&CCCK FF(J F(*
I4&CCC@ G)(' )(*
@2".-&'(*)+&?%39."-/9;&";8&3971$%<&8%39."-/9;&1%.3%;-"0%6&-2.9502&-/7%
/.
3/
3.
2/
2.
1/ 4$56&%)768" 9$&5$8)%:$
-6;9'$<"4$56&%)768"9$&=
1. 5$8)%:$="6>$&%''
0/
0.
/
.
!!"## !!"###"'%)$ *!"## *!"###-
!!"# !!"###"$%&'( *!"#+ *!"###,
152
!"#$%&'())*&!+,-./0&1/2+$#%3+4&+4.5&%"$+67"&%3,/
7
6
5
4
3
-89:'$;"<$=8&%)>8?":$&@
2 =$?)%A$@"8B$&%''
1
0
/
.
!!"## !!"###"'%)$ *!"## *!"###,
!!"# !!"###"$%&'( *!"#+ *!"###+ *!"###-
8#9./&'(:;*&<%$#%37$#-"32#.&=6>/6,&1/-+>3%>?&1/2+$#%3+4&+4&>/,3@2+#$>/&A/>>/.>&%"$+67"&%3,/
B,#.7#,#%/1&C/$3+1 D/2+$#%3+4&-/$2/4%#7/@&E34/ D/2+$#%3+4&-/$2/4%#7/@&2+#$>/
==&F )() GH(;
==&FF GG(; I(:
==&FFF&/#$.5 GJ(K GH(G
==&FFF&.#%/ J) JG(:
L=&FB J;(: JK(K
L=&FF J)(: J)(J
L=&FFFM JJ(N NH()
L=&FFF! K:(' N)()
!"#$%&'();*&<%$#%37$#-"32#.&=6>/6,&1/-+>3%>?&1/2+$#%3+4&+4&>/,3@2+#$>/&A/>>/.>&%"$+67"&%3,/
3.
23
2.
<$=8&%)>8?":$&=$?)%A$@"G>?$
13
CD"E".F71 !$%?"H<$=8&%)>8?":$&@
1. =$?)%A$@"G>?$I
03 <$=8&%)>8?":$&=$?)%A$@"
=8%&J$
0. !$%?"H<$=8&%)>8?":$&@
/3 =$?)%A$@" =8%&J$I
*>?$%&"H<$=8&%)>8?":$&@
/. =$?)%A$@" =8%&J$I
3
.
!!"## !!"###"'%)$ *!"## *!"###-
!!"# !!"###"$%&'( *!"#+ *!"###,
153
!"#$%&'()*+&,-."-/0."12/3"$&456%57&8%196/-6:&3971$%;&8%39."-/9<&9<&=/<%&"<8&6%7/>39".6%&19--%.?&
-2.9502&-/7%
@7"$0"7"-%8&A%./98 B971$%;&C%39."-/9<& B971$%;&C%39."-/9<&

1%.3%<-"0%>&=/<% 1%.3%<-"0%>&6%7/>39".6%
44&D E(F G(*
44&DD H(I E(H
44&DDD&%".$? H(E G(I
44&DDD&$"-% '(H J()
K4&D@ F(L I(J
K4&DD F(J G(L
K4&DDDM H(F E()
K4&DDDB )(F H
B2".-&'(F*+&,-."-/0."12/3"$&456%57&8%196/-6:&3971$%;&8%39."-/9<&9<&=/<%&"<8&6%7/>39".6%&19--%.?&
-2.9502&-/7%
7
6
5
4
3 -89:'$;"<$=8&%)>8?":$&@
=$?)%A$@"B>?$
2
-89:'$;"<$=8&%)>8?":$&@
1 =$?)%A$@" C$9>@=8%&C$
0
/
.
!!"## !!"###"'%)$ *!"## *!"###-
!!"# !!"###"$%&'( *!"#+ *!"###,
154
Chapter 6
!"#$%&'()*&&!+%&,+-./.$.01,"$&2-.31$%&.3&#$4%52"1/6%7&2.66%-8
9"6% :$",% ;%"64-%< :-%="$%/,%

)>?@5)A@@&BC ;.4/7"61./<&.3&6+%&6%F2$%& ;1-<6&"22%"-"/,%&.3&,.#"$6& G<.$"6%7&%O"F2$%<
.3&EF%/+.6%2&GG&"6&I1J"& #$4%
D%10/<&.3&EF%/+.6%2&GG&"/7
KB.4--1"4&!"#$%&(&?LLM*&>)N&
!46+F.<1<&GH
P/,%-6"1/Q&$1R%$8&<1F1$"-&6.& P/2-.=%/"/,%7&%O"F2$%<& X+%%$F"7%&/%,R%7&Y"-<&1/& G<.$"6%7&%O"F2$%<

"#.=% 3-.F&S08261"/&T4<%4F&1/& T"-$&E>&.-&Z1$6&BQ&,."6%7&1/&
C"1-.Q&6+%&:%6-1%&T4<%4F& "&,-%"F&<$12&"/7&7%,.-"6%7&
"/7&6+%&S08261"/&T4<%4F& 1/&#$",RQ&-%7&"/7&#$4%(&&B$4%
1/&B%-$1/& 4<%7&%[4"$$8&"<&6+%&.6+%-&
,.$.4-<(&
KU.2%Q&)V@WN&
S"-$8&)>6+&,%/64-8BC I-.42&]%<6&.3&6+%&Z2+1/O&"6 ^%,R%7&Y"-<&1/&4/,."6%7& P/,%-6"1/5&2+"<%&.3&

I1J" T"-$&E>&3"#-1,(&P<%&.3& %O2%-1F%/6"61./&"/7&
4/,.FF./&F.613<& 7%=%$.2F%/6
KU.2%&)VVW*&?>V5?'?N&
T175)@6+&98/"<68\&H"-1.4<& K,+-8<"/6+%F4F&3$.]%-<N&
2"-"$$%$<( "/7&.6+%-<&]+1,+&]%-%&/.6&
6"R%/&42&K3"$,./&+%"7<N(&
D%$"61./<+12&.3&,.$.4-<&
,$.<%-&6.&6+"6&,./<17%-%7&
6821,"$(
)A@@5)?V?&BC T"$R"6"&"/7&EF"-/"&& X17%&-"/0%&.3&<+"2%<&"/7& :%"R&1/&[4"$168&"/7&

KE<6./&?LLA*&)A@5)>L_& F.613<Q&%<2%,1"$$8&3$.-"$(& ,.F2$%O168
EF%/+.6%2&GGG5U.-%F+%#
U.2%Q&?LL)*&>)N& C+"-",6%-1<61,<&7%<,-1#%7&"<&
6821,"$(
)?V?5)?WV&BC T.<6$8&6.F#&"<<%F#$"0%<& :-%7.F1/"/6$8&#"/7%7& E<&+10+&"<&2-%=1.4<&2%-1.7

KE<6./Q&)VV@*&MM5M@Q&AM>5 7%,.-"61./Q&<+136&6.]"-7<&
S"-$8&)V6+&98/"<68
AMM_&?LLA*&)M?5)MMN& 0%.F%6-1,&"/7&"]"8&3-.F&
-%2-%<%/6"61./"$(&X"=8&
$1/%<Q&+"6,+1/0&"/7&2%/7"/6&
$.64<&3$.]%-&"$<.&6821,"$(
)?WV5))@M&BC `"/61-& ;4-6+%-&-%1/3.-,%F%/6&.3& 9%,-%"<%7

$1/%"-&"/7&0%.F%6-1,&6-%/7<(&
D"F%<<17% KE<6./Q&)VV@*&MM5M@Q&AM>5
;$46%7&34//%$5/%,R%7&Y"-<&
AMM_&?LLA*&)M?5)MMN&
]16+&#$4%52"1/6%7&0-..=%<&
./&6+%&/%,R&,+"-",6%-1<61,&.3
6+%&2%-1.7(
))@M5))M?&BC D.8"$&6.F#<&"6&!"/1<&"/7&
9%1-&%$5T%71/"
?L6+&98/"<68
))M?5))>M&BC !.F#&.3&D"F%<<%<&GH& a1/%"-&7%,.-"61./Q&31/"$& G<.$"6%7&%O"F2$%7(&

KE<6./Q&)VV'*&WV5@LN& R/.]/&1/<6"/,% :.6%/61"$$8&+%1-$..F<
D%10/&.3&D"F%<<%<&GHQ&?L6+&
98/"<68
155
!"#$%&'()*&+,-.&"/$,0/12&3/4.$.5&67&%".&-#,1&2%85,.2(&9&5/%%.5&:,1.&,15,3#%.2&#&;#%3"7&$.3/$5(
!"#$#% &#'(")% *'+,-+ .+-/), 01#,+22
34-+%/456758+$9:/56;;<5=56>?>5@AB5
!"#$%&'#()**)!+,%#(#--.-#)/012340567)89:
;%.'"&<#)*=)>#$,%#(#-.-#)/056740533)89:
!"#$%&'#()***)?#@"++'-#)/0533405A0BAC)89:
!,%#$+'#$)/!"#$%&'#()*=:)?#D#-,%#(#-.-#4E+#$-#)/05A040551)89:)
F#"#$,%,+-#)!$,%,%#(#-.-#)/055740551)89:
;.'+$,%+".$)?#@,%#(#-.-#)/055540525)89:
!G)H%#(#-,%#(#-.-#)/052540506)89:
I&-#"%#@)JK#<#-,%#(#-.-#4<#'(#$-#)/050640262)89:
34-+%/456?58+$9:/56>?>=667;5@AB
L+"#<<#<)*)>#$(#%'M-#)/02624026C)89:
F#'G)*)>#$"++'-#)/026C40276B3)89:
L+"#<<#<)**)N<#-"++'-#4<#'(#$-#)/027640205)89:
>#-#$('+%)8+$#$-#)/0205402C5)89:
F#'G)**)N<#-,%#(#-.-#)/02CCB006640061B65)89:
!"#$"#<<#)>#$"M-#4<#'(#$-#)/02C5402CCB0066)89:
FM('+%)F#,%+#$-#B!,%#$-#)/0061B654003OB3A)89:
;+.<-#')F+'-#4"#-#$+".$)/0061B654003OB3A)89:
34-+%/45><58+$9:/5667C=6<C?5@AB
F#'$+,%')N<#-,%+.-#)/003OB3A40035B32)89:
L+"#<<#<)***)N<#-"++'-#4"#-G+".$)/0035B32400A2BA0)89:
L+"#<<#<)*=)N<#-BI#P+"++'-#4<#'(#$+".$)/00A2BA04001AB11)89:)
L+"#<<#<)=)N<#-"++'-#4<#,%#(#-#$-#)/001AB140012B1C)89:)
+#6:.&'(<*&=,2%$,68%,/1&/>&;/%%.$7&,1&%".&?#,1&!"#;.:@&A/$B-.1C2&D,::#E.@&9-#$1#
!"#;.:&9$.# F4,5.13.&>/$&6:8.G;#,1%.5&;/%%.$7
H8%.$&I#:: )JK&$.3/12%$83%.5&4.22.:2
L11.$&I#:: M$.2.1%
N#13%8#$7 OP&/>&2".$52&6:8.G;#,1%.5&QRJST&2".$52U
+#6:.&'(V*&=,2%$,68%,/1&/>&;/%%.$7&#%&%".&!"#;.:&911.W.@&A/$B-.1C2&D,::#E.@&9-#$1#
9$.# F4,5.13.&>/$&6:8.G;#,1%.5&;/%%.$7
, 962.1%
,, 962.1%
,,, V()VP&/>&2".$52&6:8.G;#,1%.5
,4 )J)XV&2".$52&6:8.G;#,1%.5
4 )J)V&2".$52&6:8.G;#,1%.5
156
!"#$%&'()*&+,-.%-./&,0&1,2/%/&3-&.4%&5"3-&+3.6&78%%.&"-9&:,,$$%6;&<=>?*&@A?'B
1,2/%&"-9&C4"D"C.%D3/".3,- 8,..%D6&.6E%/&"-9&9%C,D".3,-&ED%/%-.
1,2/%&F(@G(<(&H3I3%DJ/&1,2/% K,&,#L%C./&93/C2//%9
1,2/%&K()=(<M(&1,2/%&,0&N"J-20%D K,&#$2%AE"3-.%9&E,..%D6&O%-.3,-%9
1,2/%&P()=(>?( K,&E,..%D6&O%-.3,-%9
F(@<(<( QQH;&.6E%&"//,C3".%9&R3.4&S8&"-9&9%/CD3#%9&"/&TE"3-.%9U
F(@>(>( K,&,#L%C./&93/C2//%9
F(@<()(&K,DO"$&O399$%AC$"//&.6E% QQVVV;&W2--%$&/4"E%9AC2E;&9%/CD3#%9&"/&E"3-.%9
F(@<(?( K,&E,..%D6&O%-.3,-%9
X(@<(<( K,&E,..%D6&O%-.3,-%9
5(@G(<?(&8,,D$6&#23$.&%Y"OE$%&,0&-,DO"$&O399$%AC$"//& QQH;&E"3-.%9&0D"ZO%-./
.6E%
5(@G(<)(&[%D3%/&,0&R,D\D,,O/ QQH&
5(@G(<@(& QQH;&+6ED3,.&/4%D9
5(@G(<'( K,&E,..%D6&O%-.3,-%9
K()=(<G( K,&E,..%D6&O%-.3,-%9
K()=(<<( K,&E,..%D6&O%-.3,-%9
K()=(<>( QVVV;&#,R$&-,.&9%C,D".3,-A"//,C3".%9
K()=(<?( QQQVQ;&L2Z&-,.&9%C,D".3,-A"//,C3".%9
K()=(<)(&H%D6&E,,D&#23$93-Z;&C,-."3-/&O3-3O2O&,0& 52$.3E$%&.6E%/;&QXVVV&7"OE4,D"B&/,O%.3O%/&#$2%AE"3-.%9
]\4%-".%-J/&9R%$$3-Z/
K()=(<@( 52$.3E$%&.6E%/;&-,-%&9%C,D".3,-A"//,C3".%9&
K()=(<'( HV;&#,R$&-,.&9%C,D".3,-A"//,C3".%9
K()=(<^( K,&,#L%C./&0,2-9
K()=(<=( 52$.3E$%&.6E%/;&-,-%&9%C,D".3,-A"//,C3".%9
K()=(>G( >&QH&#,R$;&-,-%&9%C,D".3,-A"//,C3".%9
K()=(><( )&O%-.3,-%9;&-,-%&9%C,D".3,-A"//,C3".%9
K()=(>>( K,&E,..%D6&O%-.3,-%9
K()=(>)( K,&,#L%C./&0,2-9
K()=(>@( K,&,#L%C./&0,2-9
K()=(?<( K,&,#L%C./&0,2-9
K()=(?>( K,&,#L%C./&0,2-9
K()=(??( K,&E,..%D6&O%-.3,-%9
K()=(?)( K,&E,..%D6&O%-.3,-%9
K()=(?@( 56C%-"%"-&/4%D9
K()=(?'( K,&E,..%D6&O%-.3,-%9
K()=(?^( K,&,#L%C./&0,2-9
K()=(?M( !6E%&QQ;&/.,D"Z%&L"D/;&-,.&9%C,D".3,-A"//,C3".%9
K()=(?=( !6E%&XHV;&C"D3-".%9&Z$,#2$"D&L"D;&-,.&9%C,D".3,-A"//,C3".%9
K()=()G( 8D,#"#$6&-,.&"&4,2/%
157
!"#$"#%" !&'&()*+,-'.&/01
!"#$"#2" !&'&()*+,-'.&/01
!"34"54" 6667888'9:;<=>;?'.<@-ABC'67888'
D"#E"%F" 87C'78C'GC'G67888'9@<<'(&H<',I:*-B
D"#E"%E" 87
D"#E"%J" !&':&,,*>I'?*0,;&0*1
D"#J"%F" 6678'9,@<<')@>B
D"#J"%E" !&':&,,*>I'?*0,;&0*1
D"#$"22" 78C'6667888'9:;<=>;?'.<@-ABC'7888C'6G888'9-&?*,;?*-'
(</*K:@;0,*1BC'667'9&.,*0'(</*K:@;0,*1B'
D"#$"25" !&':&,,*>I'?*0,;&0*1
D"#$"2#" #'*L@?:<*-'688'9(&H<BC'6G88'9.;0*KH@>*')/=B
D"#F"E" 3KF'*L@?:<*-C'<@>=*':@;0,*1'-,&>@=*')@>'@01'667'9/0+<*@>'
;.'1;..*>*0,'&>'>*.*>>;0=',&'-@?*'&()*+,B
M"#F"J" !&':&,,*>I'?*0,;&0*1
M"#F"$"'!&>?@<'?;11<*K+<@--'N&/-* 8C'87C'78C'667'9&.,*0'(</*K:@;0,*1BC'667888C'G686'
9'(</*K:@;0,*1':*,@<'1*-;=0B
M"#F"%4"'O;11<*K+<@--'N&/-* 78C'66C'6G88C'6G87C'G666888
M"#F"%%" !&':&,,*>I'?*0,;&0*1
M"#F"%2"'M>&(@(<I'@00*L*'&.'N&/-*"%4 667'9&.,*0'(</*K:@;0,*1C'5'<;-,*1BC'G
M"#F"%5" 78'92BC'687C'667'9&.,*0'(</*K:@;0,*1B
M"#F"%#"'P&&1'?;11<*K+<@--'N&/-* 888C'788C'667'9&.,*0'(</*K:@;0,*1BC'G668"'QR>@=?*0,-'&.'
:@;0,*1':&,-ST'6G8C'G666'0&',I:*'&.'1*+&>@,;&0'
?*0,;&0*1
M"#F"%3" 8C'667'92C'&.,*0'(</*K:@;0,*1B
M"#F"%F" 87C'78C'68C'667'9&.,*0'UMBC'87C'78C'86C'G668
M"#F"%E" G6678C'6G888'9-&?*,;?*-'(</*K:@;0,*1BC'G78
M"#F"%J" 87C'78C'86C'66C'G667888
M"#F"24" 8C'888C'87C'78C'687C'6G888'9-&?*,;?*-'(</*K:@;0,*1B
M"#F"2%"'80+&?:<*,*':<@0 6888
M"#F"22" !&':&,,*>I'?*0,;&0*1
M"#F"25" 667'9D.,*0'(</*K:@;0,*1B
M"#E"54"'P&&1'N&/-* 87'95BC'7'95BC'78'9#BC'788'9#BC'668C'667'9&.,*0'(</*K
:@;0,*1B
M"#E"5%K55"'G@>=*'N&/-*'H;,N'&/,(/;<1;0=-
M"#E"5%"'V00*L*'(/;<1;0= 78
M"#E"52"'P@>1*0'N&/-* 86
M"#E"55'WN*'?@;0'N&/-* 78C'788
158
!"#$%&'()*&+,-#%.&"/0&1.%"1-%/1&23&0%42."1%0&5%66%$6&7/&68"316&9:&"/0&999&;<2,..7",&!"#$%(&
=>>)*!"#$%&=?&@@(&ABCADE
F7-&#"/0 G
<H GA
<748.2-% G
H2$I48.2-% A
!21"$&/,-#%.&23&5%66%$6 ==D
!"#$%&'('*&H211%.I&3.2-&J8"31&9:?&F22-&K&"/0&"66247"1%0&42/1%L16&;<2,..7",&!"#$%(&=>>)*&K7M6&B>CBDE
F7-&#"/0 G
F2@%&-".N6 =
<$,%C@"7/1%0 GB
<748.2-% G
H2$I48.2-% A
!21"$&5%66%$6 ))
&!"#$%&'(O*&H211%.I&3.2-&18%&12-#C48"@%$6&23&H"6%.&"/0&F"P7"?&"$$&%L4"5"1%0&0%@26716&;<2,..7",&"/0
Q612/?&GAD)*&ROCBOE
S/42"1%0 GOA
TG&F7-&#"/0 B
TG&U"68%0V6$7@@%0 GRB
W".$&6-2218%0V6$7@@%0&"/0&#,./768%0 O
W".$&6-2218%0V6$7@@%0&#"/0%0 G
TG&F7##%0 =
TG&U"68&"/0&#,./768%0 =
TG&<$,%CH"7/1%0 G'
W".$&<748.2-% B
WI4%/"%"/ R&;G&@IL76?&=&617..,@&X".6?&42-@$%L&#"/0%0&"$$E
YI@.721&<F G&;3.2-&6,.3"4%E
S/70%/1737%0&7-@2.1& G
!21"$&;%L4$,07/M&<FE R)R
159
Chapter 7
!"#$%&'()*&+,-,./.&0%11%$1&2%32%1%-4%5&,-&6/,$5,-7&8&#9&:"2%&
;/2<"=%&!2%"4.%-4 >/.#%2&?<&0%11%$1 @%2=%-4"7%
A%5&@?$,1B%5&6 )CDE FG
A@H FI '
A@H&#$"=JK4?33%5 'C I
6@ LC D
MB,4%&@",-4%5 ' )
N4B%2&:"2% L O)
!?4"$ )DD) )CC
!"#$%&'(D*&+,-,./.&0%11%$1&2%32%1%-4%5&,-&6/,$5,-7&88&#9&:"2%
;/2<"=%&!2%"4.%-4 >/.#%2&?<&4?4"$ @%2=%-4"7%&?<&:"2%

A%5&@?$,1B%5&6 +%5,/.&=$?1%5 PE
;."$$&=$?1%5 DD
+%5,/.&?3%- )GF
;."$$&?3%- DLG
N4B%2 LD
!?4"$ EL) FP
A@H DG G
A@H&#$"=JK4?33%5 DF E
6@ L O)
MB,4%&@",-4%5 G )
N4B%2&:"2% G )
!?4"$ EPG )CC
!"#$%&'(L*&Q%2".,=&=?-4%-41&?<&6/,$5,-7&8RS&A??.&)L&#9&:"2%
;/2<"=%&!2%"4.%-4 >/.#%2&?<&4?4"$ @%2=%-4"7%
A%5&@?$,1B%5&6 +%5,/.&=$?1%5 IF
;."$$&=$?1%5 )D
+%5,/.&?3%- )GF
;."$$&?3%- DGP
N4B%2 DE
!?4"$ ECD FG()
A@H L) E(D
A@H&#$"=JK4?33%5 GI '('
6@ )E D(E
MB,4%&@",-4%5 L C(E
N4B%2&:"2% C C
!?4"$ EP' )CC
160
!"#$%&'()*&+%,"-./&/012%123&04&56.$7.18&9:;&<00-&=&#>&?",%
@6,4"/%&!,%"2-%12 A6-#%,&04&202"$ B%,/%12"8%
<%7&B0$.3C%7&5 D%7.6-&/$03%7 EF
@-"$$&/$03%7 FG
D%7.6-&0H%1 =F
@-"$$&0H%1 G=I
J2C%, EG
!02"$ K'= LM('
<BN EK )
<BN&#$"/OP20HH%7 MG E(M
5B G I(K
QC.2%&B".12%7 L M()
J2C%,&?",% E I(G
!02"$ FGI MII
!"#$%&'(K*&+"2"$086%7&/0-H$%2%&R%33%$3&4,0-&<00-&MG&#>&36,4"/%&2,%"2-%12
@6,4"/%&!,%"2-%12 A6-#%,&04&R%33%$3
56,1.3C%7SH0$.3C%7 =
@.-H$%&91/.3%7 )
+0-H$%T&91/.3%7 E
@.-H$%&U%0-%2,./ M
!02"$ MK
+C",2&'(M*&+"2"$086%7&/0-H$%2%&R%33%$3&4,0-&<00-&MG&#>&36,4"/%&2,%"2-%12
.%/+-(05(,/(6#%2
3,/+-(401$2%&()
A"/B(#0,C0D(&&(-&
.%/+-(01$2%&()
!"#$%&'()*+,-%&'()
7 8 9 : ; < = > ? @
161
!"#$%&'()*&+","$-./%0&1-23$%,%&4%55%$5&67-2&8--2&9&#:&5/76"1%&,7%",2%;,
</76"1%&!7%",2%;, =/2#%7&-6&4%55%$5
>/7;?5@%0A3-$?5@%0 BB
<?23$%&C;1?5%0 BD
+-23$%E&C;1?5%0 F
<?23$%&G%-2%,7?1 H
!-,"$ F9
+@"7,&'(F*&+","$-./%0&1-23$%,%&4%55%$5&67-2&8--2&9&#:&5/76"1%&,7%",2%;,
.%/+-(05(,/(6#%2
3,/+-(401$2%&()
.%/+-(01$2%&() ="/>(#0,?0@(&&(-&
!"#$%&'()*+,-%&'()
7 8 9 : ; <7 <8 <9 <:
!"#$%&'('*&!@%&3-,,%7:&67-2&>/?$0?;.5&C&";0&CC&#:&%5,?2",%0&5/76"1%&,7%",2%;,5
</76"1%&!7%",2%;, I%71%;,".%
>/7;?5@%0A3-$?5@%0 DJ(J
<?23$%&C;1?5%0 KH
+-23$%E&C;1?5%0 D('
<?23$%&G%-2%,7?1 H()
L,@%7 H(K
!-,"$ BHH
+@"7,&'(J*&!@%&3-,,%7:&67-2&>/?$0?;.5&C&";0&CC&#:&%5,?2",%0&5/76"1%&,7%",2%;,5&
A6'(#
.%/+-(05(,/(6#%2
3,/+-(401$2%&()
D(#2($6EF(
.%/+-(01$2%&()
!"#$%&'()*+,-%&'()
7 <7 87 B7 97 C7 :7
162
!"#$%&'()*&+",-./0$12."(&324.5%24%&16&5%41,"7.12&12&89&5.":21;7.4&;<%,5;&#=&>%,4%27":%
+?3 +?33
>$".2 )) )@
5%41,"7%5 AB A@
!"#$%&'(C*+",-./0$12."(&D1,E;&16&5%41,"7.12&12&89&5.":21;7.4&;<%,5;&#=&>%,4%27":%
F%41,"7.12 +?3 +?33
212% )'(G )H('
.24.;%5 G() AI(@
324.;%5&"25&,%$.%6 I(@ I(H
324.;%5&"25&.E>,%;;%5 I(@ I(@
324.;%5J&,%$.%6J&.E>,%;;%5 I(A I(A
.E>,%;;%5 I(H I(H
8%$.%6J&.E>,%;;%5 I(@ I(K
,%$.%6 K(@ K(A
!"#$%&'(AI*&+",-./0$12."(&324.5%24%&16&5%41,"7.12&12&89&5.":21;7.4&;<%,5;&.2&,%$"7.12&71&6"#,.4&7%L7M,%
F%41,"7.12 N%,=&6.2% 6.2% E%5.ME 41",;%

212% H @H HA A
.24.;%5 HG HB AB A
324.;%5&"25&,%$.%6 A) @C BK /
324.;%5&"25&.E>,%;;%5 @ @I H@ /
324.;%5J&,%$.%6J&.E>,%;;%5 ) @) KK /
.E>,%;;%5 / GG KH /
8%$.%6J&.E>,%;;%5 K H@ @I B
,%$.%6 H @B HB B
!"#$%&'(AA*&+",-./0$12."(&9177%,=&O%;;%$;&61M25&.2&4127%L7&P333/@
9177%,=&717"$ AA' Q<">% QM,6"4%&!,%"7E%27 R1 S

T99 K U24%,7".2 K Q$.>>%5 AIC CK(B
899 A QE"$$&4$1;%5 A@ VM;7,1M; )G 'K(@
89?9 A V",:%&1>%2 BA 8%$.%6 B A('
89? H V",:%&4$1;%5 B' 8%$&"25&.24 B A('
89WT9 A F%O.4% G 9".27%5 K B(G
X7<%, A QE"$$&1>%2 HI 324&"25&>".27 A I(C
Y1# B ?1",;% K 324&"25&.E>,%;; A I(C
F9 B D.2% @' 324.;%5 AI )(@
?T A +%5.ME H) 3E>&"25&.24 A I(C
89 AIA N%,=&6.2% ) !17"$&5%41,"7%5 BI A'(A
163
!"#$%&'()*&+#$,-./012-#(&34$5#67&%$7#%872%9&15&:1%%7$;&<799709&5142=&-2&612%7>%&?@@@.A&B;&:7$672%#C7
45$/01&/#12
412#)%&
412/01&/#5$+%))
412/01&/$0#1*
30#1*%&
@
-%"/01&/#12
-%"#%.
'()*+,()
!"#$$%&
6 76 86 96 :6 ;6 <6 =6 >6 ?6 766
&D#B07&'(EF*&+#$,-./012-#(&G1%%7$;&<799709&5142=&-2&612%7>%&H?@I.A
G1%%7$;&%1%#0 EE) 3"#:7 34$5#67&D$7#%872% J1 K

LGG E M267$%#-2 . 30-::7= EEE N'()
OGG P 38#00&60197= EQ H49%$149 NP RE(S
OG!G . H#$C7&1:72 FE O70-75 A )()
OG! P H#$C7&60197= FS O70&#2=&-26 E Q(N
OGTLG . U7<-67 A G#-2%7= E Q(N
V%"7$ . 38#00&1:72 AF @26&#2=&:#-2% Q Q
W1B . X E @26&#2=&-8:$799 Q Q
YG E Z-27 S) @26-97= R '
!L . +7=-48 P' @8:&#2=&-26 Q Q
OG EQS I7$;&5-27 EF D1%#0 EA EP(F
!"#$%&'(A*&+#$,-./012-#(&34$5#67&%$7#%872%9&15&:1%%7$;&<799709&5142=&-2&612%7>%&H?@I.A&B;&:7$672%#C7
A,*0"
45$/01&/#12
412#)%&
412/01&/#5$+%))
412/01&/$0#1*
30#1*%& @
-%"/01&/#12
-%"#%.
'()*+,()
!"#$$%&
6 86 :6 <6 >6 766 786
164
!"#$%&'()*+&,%--%$-&./&!01#&23&#4&-567"8%&96%"91%/9-
:567"8%&!6%"91%/9 ;51#%6&07&<%--%$- =%68%/9">%
:1009?%@A-$.BB%@ 3 *(3
C56/.-?%@A=0$.-?%@ 'D D2(2
E%$.%7AF/8.-%@ GH G3()
I01B$%J&6%$.%7A./8.-%@ 2 3(*
:.1B$%&>%01%96.8&B"./9%@ * G(D
!09"$ ))D )KK
I?"69&'(D+&,%--%$-&./&!01#&23&#4&-567"8%&96%"91%/9-
!+",*&89&#"&$/+58,:+0$&'
6#",*&78/&*+&3(+05+)&'
2&*+&3(405+)&'
D."E&/8#38F&))&*)
-./0+)%&'(1#*+)%&'
!"##$%&'()*+,,&'
; <; =; >; ?; @; A; B; C;
!"#$%&'()3+&,%--%$-&./&!01#&2L&#4&-567"8%&96%"91%/9
:567"8%&!6%"91%/9 ;51#%6&07&<%--%$-
:1009?%@A-$.BB%@ )
C56/.-?%@A=0$.-?%@ G
E%$.%7AF/8.-%@ *
I01B$%J&6%$.%7A./8.-%@ 3
:.1B$%&>%01%96.8&B"./9%@ )
!09"$ ))
165
!"#$%&'()*+&,"-%.&-%/-%.%01%2&30&4%0%3"&156#.&#7&.8%-2&95:01&"02&/%-9%01";%
,"-% !56#&'<= !56#&''@
>5&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&? >5&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&?
AB&CCC )<D< *< @@<E *@
AB&CF ' E(@ )@ E(G
ABH!&IH$"9JK15//%2L G)@ )E(G =@M D(D
AN&IA%2&N$3//%2L ) E E E
HB&IH$"9J&B5$3.8%2L M' @(D )*G G(*
4B&I4-"#&B5$3.8%2L G E() ) E
O55J30;&/51PO5"-.% )DM <(* 'E* )<(@
,B&I,831%&B"301%2L D* G() M< @
HN&IH$"9J&N$3//%2L )M E(< * E()
HA&IH".%&A30;L E E * E()
B,&IB$"30&,831%L )G E(= @D E('
C-50&Q;% G* )(@ = E()
R032%013S3%2 *<= )M(< <*G )*
!51"$ GE@D )EE =G=) )EE
166
!"#$%&'()*+&,"-%.&/0&.%1203&4"5%-6&7"$28./39"&!-%019&:&#5&.9%-3&12;0<&"03&8%-1%0<"=%
,"-% >;?#%-&2@&.9%-3. A%-1%0<"=%

A/<92. BC *(*
A,DE&FA$"/0&,9/<%&9"03?"3%G H'I :)(:
A,,E&FA$"/0&,9/<%&J9%%$?"3%G H: H(*
K2"-.% )* )(I
LAMMM ) N()
LAMMMOLAMPQLAMP )I H
LR&FL%3&R$/88%3G H)* HS(:
TRMM&FT$"1U&.$/88%3G )*'&F?"/0$5&V;=.G )I(I
!%$$&%$OW"9;3/5%9X&F!YWG )&82../#$% N()
L20T&FL%3O20OT$"1UG S N(S
,A&F,9/<%&A"/0<%3G CS )N(*
,A,E&F,9/<%&A"/0<%3& ) N()
J9%%$?"3%G
K2?82./<% ))&FI&TRMMQ,AMP6&:&LRQ,AMMMO )(H
MPG
!2<"$ IIC )NN
!"#$%&'()'+&,"-%.&@-2?&7"$28./39"6&1"Z/<5&02-<9&2@&,"$$&[&
,"-% >;?#%-&2@&.9%-3. A%-1%0<"=%

A/<92. I: *('
A,DE H:H )I('
A,,E : N(H
K2"-.% IC '(H
LA&MMMOMP )N* I(*
\A : N(H
LR H*B6&?"/0$5&V;=. H)(S
TR H)) )'
TRL%.&FT$"1U&R$/88%3&L%.%-Z%3& S N(:
.$/8G
L20T I& N(*
L20L : N(H
,A,E )X N()
,A&MPOP H)S )'(:
LRL%. ) N()
K2?82./<%&J"-% )*&F'&TRQ,A6&C&LRQ,AG )(:
!2<"$ )H:C )NN
167
!"#$%&'()*+&,"-%.&/-01&2"$03.456"7&!-%896&:7&";;-%;"<%&."13$%&/0$$0=48;&>-%=%
,"-% ?0&0/&.6%-5. @%-9%8<";%
@,&@4<60. A' A('
@,BC :D) :D
@,,C )E )(E
>"8""84<%&F"- ' D('
>0"-.% GA G(H
I@&JKKKLKMN G: G(:
IOPQBC R:: R:()
!STU& ) D()
,@BC )D' )D('
I08IOP A D(A
,@,C ) D()
>0130.4<% )) )()
V@ ) D()
PQBCI%. ) D()
!0<"$ )DDR )DD
!"#$%&'()E+&I0W;6&%.<41"<%&0/&.W-/"9%&<-%"<1%8<.&48&2"$03.456"&!-%896&:
QW-/"9%&!-%"<1%8< @%-9%8<";%
Q100<6%5O.$433%5 :R(:
Q$433%5 R:()
PW-84.6%5O@0$4.6%5 G(R
I%$4%/O-03%&5%90-"<408 '(H
K894.%5 D()
@"48<%57&.413$%&;%01%<-49 )G(A
!0<"$ )DD
>6"-<&'('+&I0W;6&%.<41"<%&0/&.W-/"9%&<-%"<1%8<.&48&2"$03.456"&!-%896&:
16+0$&'84)+",*&49&#"&$/+5
705+)&'
2&*+&3(/#,&4'&5#/6$+#0
-./0+)%&'(1#*+)%&' 1&/5&0$69&
!*+,,&'
!"##$%&'()*+,,&'
: ; <: <; =: =; >: >; ?: ?; ;:
168
!"#$%&'()*+&,%-.%/0"1%2&34&5"-%2&4-36&7"$3829:;"<&!%/.;&=<&>%?%$&@AB
C"-% ,%-.%/0"1%&34&2;%-:2
D,&EEEFEG *(@AH
DI JJ(KK
C, @A(=J
LIEE JM(@M
D3/L *(@A
,CNO P(J=
LICO *(@A
B3"-2% )(P=
!"#$%&'()J+&,%-.%/0"1%2&34&5"-%2&4-36&7"$3829:;"<&!%/.;&=<&>%?%$&')
C"-% ,%-.%/0"1%
D,EEE *(K
DI MJ(=
C, @*('
LIEE P(A&
,CCO J(J
!"#$%&'())+&,%-.%/0"1%2&34&5"-%2&4-36&7"$3829:;"<&!%/.;&=<&>%?%$&'J
C"-% ,%-.%/0"1%&34&2;%-:2
D,&EEEFEG *(J@
DI )*(KJ&
C, PA(''
LIEE P(JK&
D3/L *())
,CNF6 J'('A
,CCO *(*@
DICO *(*M
L>CO&QL$".R&>S20-3S2&5;%%$6":%T *(*M
O3/3&QO3/3.;-36%T *(PA&
LDE *(*@
B3"-2% *(J@
169
!"#$%&'()*&+,$-,.%#/,0&12&3#$,0&2$14&5#617089"#:&;,.-"&<:&=,>,6&'?
>*286;
)!$
.*+*# 0.*+*3:8*-;=
)/(.#0)1234#/5678*56#9:;;1-2<;=
!'(.
"((.
"(,%- ";83;+72F;#*G#6:;8<6
!*+)
)'$$
("
!'
!"#$$$%$&
? @? A? B? C? D? E?
170
!"#$%&'()*+&,-./012&3%45%-6"7%&/8&9"4%:&1-&;4%"&<<<&#=&>%?%$
9"4% >%?%$&; >%?%$&<; >%?%$&<;&%-@
ABCDEF GH(I G)(' GI(H
CBAD9F J(K H(H )(I
39EF K() L(H '(L
399F * G)(I M(H
39&N-1@%-6181%@ K() GL GG(*
C15O4/0% J G J(M
93EF H(H J(K *(I
939F< J J(' J(L
939F<< J(K H )(G
C":%&A1-7 J J(G J(*
P/0Q/:16%&RABCD&"-@& *(H J(G G(L
93<<<2<ST
P//.1-7&Q/6: J(K M(* *(L
P/"4:% * )(* G(L
39&316O/: L(' G(G *(M
316O/: J(' J(I J()
F/-/5O4/0% J K(L )('
A3& J(K J(M J(M
A/-ABC *I(I M(M G*(M
39D J J(G UJ(G
9D< J G(* J('
9D<< J J J
9D&V%- J J(G J
P"-""-16%&W"4: L H(H G*(G
;%7%"- J J J(G
!/6"$&-X0#%4&/8&:O%4@: )MG MIL K'*)
PO"46&'(I+&3%45%-6"7%&/8&9"4%:&1-&;4%"&<<<&#=&>%?%$
'()(*+,
'()(*+-,
'()(*+-,+(./
! " #! #" $! $" %! %" &! &"
171
!"#$%&'()*+&,-./012&3%45%-6"7%&/8&9"4%:&1-&;4%"&<&#=&>%?%$
9"4% >%?%$&; >%?%$&<; >%?%$&<;&%-@
ABCDEF )G(H )'(I GJ(K
CBAD9F H G(I )(I
39EF * L L(L
399F H G() '()
C15M4/0% H H(N H(L
93EF )G G) GH(L
939F< H H H(L
939F<< H H H(L
C":%&A1-7 H H H()
O/0P/:16%&QABCD&"-@& L(L G(L *(N
93<<<2<RS
O/"4:% H H(K )('
39&316M/: L(L J G(*
O//.1-7&P/6: H H(J )('
F/-/5M4/0% H H )(I
A/-ABC )J )'(L )J
39D H H(J H
9D< H H H
9D<< H H H
9D&T%- H H H
O"-""-16%&U"4: H G)() J(I
;%7%"- H H H
!,V H H H()
!/6"$&-W0#%4&/8&:M%4@: GK NNL *GK
OM"46&'(GH+&3%45%-6"7%&/8&9"4%:&1-&;4%"&<&#=&>%?%$
&'(')*+,
&'(')*+,*'-.
! " #! #" $! $" %!
172
!"#$%&'()*+&,-./0-1$"2&3%45%6."7%8&/9&8:%4;8&3%4&<"4%&-6&%"5:&3%4-/;(
="4% >4%2>%4-/;&? >%4-/;&?
@A&? B B
C/6/ B )
=D&? B B
=D&?? B B
@-5:=C&E@-5:4/F%&<:%%$2F";%G H B
@-5:&/4&=>=C I )
AJ@DKC * L
AJ@D=C H* M'
>=KCN&3-.:/8N&5/"48%N&5//1-67 )H )I
>==C I&8:%4; )
A/6AJ@ )H L
=>KC I&8:%4; OI
=>=C B I&8:%4;
P:"4.&'(II+&,-./0-1$"2&3%45%6."7%8&/9&8:%4;8&3%4&<"4%&-6&%"5:&3%4-/;
(7(%
(79%
"&'"8!
7((%
7(9%:#;*<,&=:#+&4.=0:#+&&>*'?
"8!)(%
"8!)9% 7.0370.*&5#$
!*+,#&.#(7(% 70.*&5#$
!*+,(%#-!*+,.&/0#1,0023/4506
()#$$
()#$
%&'&
!"#$
@ A B@ BA C@ CA D@ DA E@ EA A@
!"#$%&'()Q+&R8.-F".%;&3%45%6."7%8&/9&8S49"5%&.4%".F%6.8&-6&,-./0-1$"
DS49"5%&!4%".F%6. >4%2>%4-/;&? >%4-/;&?
DF//.:%;J8$-33%;&/4&3$"-6 )H )H
D$-33%; MB *'
>"-6.%;2&D-F3$%&7%/F%.4-5& H B
3/$T5:4/F%
>"-6.%;2&D-F3$%&7%/F%.4-5 )M IB
173
!"#$%&'()*+&,-%./#%01&20$304%#50-&67&-8$7#30&%$0#%/04%-&.4&9.%6:.;<#
1/+0$&'2-!+",*&-3&#"&$.+4
1/+0$&'2-!+",*&-3&#"&$.+4-,#*54%.#"&
1.&21&.+#'-=
!*+,,&' 1&.+#'-=
!"##$%&'()*+,,&'-#.-,*/+0
6 76 86 96 :6 ;6 <6
=#><0&'(*'+&?0#>01&1026-.%&7$6/&@#$64.&=-#$68;;#-A&-"0$1&3684%-&20$&B#$0
C#$0 98/>0$&67&-"0$1-
DE&F )
CG H
!6/26-.%0 *
E64D )
D?I@ )
D?I@E0-J )
GCI@ **&KL&1036$#%01M
!#4##4.%0&N#$- )H
O63#<&./.%#%.64-&67&!#4##4.%0&N#$- P
GCC@ Q
E? R
G6-%ADS Q
=6%#< '*
=#><0&'(*T+&U0--0<-&.4&=6/>&)&#%&V#<.4626$4.
C#$0 98/>0$&67&:0--0<- G0$304%#50
E64EWD R) LL
CG&U T )'
D?&FF * H(R
GC * H(R
!6#$-0 * H(R
F/26$%01&O0:#4%.40 * H(R
=6%#< H' )XX
174
!"#$%&'()*+&,-./..&012345/&67%"&...&8%79%1:";%<&3=&>"7%<&#?&,%@%$
A"7% .B&515:5"$ .B&4"51 .B&%1C ..6 ..6&%1C
DEBFGH IJ(I K(' IL(* K(' J(J
BEDFAH M(J N K(N II(I J(M
8AGH K(M O(K M )() IO()
8AAH II(I IM(I IO(M IN(* IO(K
8A&P15C%1:5=5%C I)(M IL(* I)(O M(K II(I
B59Q734% I I I L L(*
A8GH )(O I(O I(' )() L(N
A8AH. L() L() L(' L RL(I
A8AH.. M(I N(N *(N M(I *(I
A8&P15C%1:5=5%C L() L() L(I I(I L()
B"<%&D51; L(J I(N I L I(*
-34S3<5:%& L(' L(O L() L L()
TDEBF&"1C&
A8.../.UV
-33251;&S3:< J(N M(J J(N O(O J(*
-3"7<% )() O(* )(M O(O )
8A&85:Q3< )(* I(N ) L I(I
85:Q3< L() L(J I(M I(I I(K
H3139Q734% M(N N(' M(O K(' M(N
D8& L(N RL(I RL(I L L(I
D31DEB *(* K(J N '(N J(M
8AF L L RL(I L RL(I
AF. I(M '() )(' )() )
AF.. L RL(I L(N O(O )(K
AF&W%1 RL(I RL(I L L RL(I
B,AH L(O L(* L(K )() L()
-"1""15:%&X"7< *(I J(J '(* I)() IO
6%;%"1 L(I RL(I L(I I(I L('
!3:"$&1Y4#%7&3=& IKNO )KK) OL'N *L )MLK
<Q%7C<
!"#$%&'(OL+&,-./..&012345/&%<:54":%<&3=&<Y7="9%&:7%":4%1:<&#?&<Q%7C&S%79%1:";%&51&%"9Q&,%@%$/&67%"&...
FY7="9%&!7%":4%1:< .B&515:5"$ .B&4"51 .B&%1C ..6&%1C
F433:Q%CE<$5SS%C& OM(J JI(I JI(N J'('
37&Y1:7%":%C
F$5SS%C )M(' )K(' )'(J I'(M
BY715<Q%CES3$5<Q%C I(I I L(' L(M
8"51:%C&C%937":531 I*(* )M(N )I I*(M
8"51:%C&C%937":531/ I I I L(*
#59Q734%
.4S37:< *() J(M N(I IO(N
175
!"#$%&'()*+&,!-.--&/01234.&56%43#%56&27&68$7#95&%$5#%350%6&:;&6"5$<&=5$950%#>5&40&5#9"&,5?5@.&A$5#&---
7",#.$)
31+0$&'- '&4#.1$+#056+4%.#"&
31+0$&'-'&4#.1$+#0 72-+0+$+1*
72-"1+0
2/.0+)%&'(,#*+)%&' 72-&0'
77?-&0'
!*+,,&'
!"##$%&'()*+,,&'-#.-/0$.&1$&'
8 98 :8 ;8 <8 =8 >8
176
!"#$%&'()*+&,-./..&012345/&67%"&.&8%79%1:";%<&3=&>"7%<&#?&,%@%$
A"7% .B&515:5"$ .B&%1C ..6&515:5"$ ..6&%1C
DEBFGH *'() II(J *(I K(L
BEDFAH M(J J(N K(J K(I
8AGH )(J N(O *I(I *L
8AAH **(' M L() L
8A&P15C%1:5=5%C I(M N(O '(' O(N
B59Q734% *(* *(I K K
A8GH I(I M K(J K(I
A8AH. *(' K() K K
A8AH.. K I(* K K
A8&P15C%1:5=5%C K K() K K
B"<%&D51; K K(M )(' N('
-34R3<5:%&SDEBF&"1C&A8.../ I(I I(J K K
.TU
-33251;&R3:< *K(* I(M L() M(I
-3"7<% I(I *(I K K(I
8A&85:Q3< K *(J *(* K(O
85:Q3< K VK(* K(' K(O
H3139Q734% O(M N(J *(* *(N
D31DEB *O *M(' *(* *(M
8AF K(L K(I K K
AF. *(' K(M K(J K
AF.. K K(' IJ(' I*
AF&W%1 K K(* K K(I
DEB,AH K K(I K K(I
-"1""15:%&X"7< N J(L I*(J *O(N
6%;%"1 K K(* O(I N(L
!3:"$&1Y4#%7&3=&<Q%7C< *'O *MN* I'* JJM
!"#$%&'()I+&,-./..&012345/&%<:54":%<&3=&<Y7="9%&:7%":4%1:<&#?&<Q%7C&R%79%1:";%&51&%"9Q&,%@%$/&67%"&.
FY7="9%&!7%":4%1:< .B&%1C ..6&515:5"$ ..6&%1C
F433:Q%CE<$5RR%C&37&Y1:7%":%C IN(' )N(M JI('
F$5RR%C ))(* ' M(M
BY715<Q%CER3$5<Q%C K(N / K(I
8"51:%C&C%937":531 )J(M IL(L I)(I
8"51:%C&C%937":531/#59Q734% *(I / /
.4R37:< J(' )K(L IN(*
177
!"#$%&'()*+&,!-.--&/01234.&56%43#%56&27&68$7#95&%$5#%350%6&:;&6"5$<&=5$950%#>5&40&5#9"&,5?5@.&A$5#&-
7",#.$)
31+0$&'- '&4#.1$+#056+4%.#"&
31+0$&'-'&4#.1$+#0
72-&0'
77>-+0+$+1*
2/.0+)%&'(,#*+)%&' 77>-&0'
!*+,,&'
!"##$%&'()*+,,&'-#.-/0$.&1$&'
8 9 :8 :9 ;8 ;9 <8 <9 =8 =9
178
!"#$%&'())*+,-./01&2%34%,5"6%7&.8&9"3%7&0,&!./#&:;<:
="3% 2%34%,5"6%
>2&?@ ;(A
=2&B1/ ;()
C.,.4D3./% EF(G
H>&? A(E
H>&?I?? A(E
=J :E(<
HJ=C A(E
H04D3./% A(E
=2=C :E(<
2==C :K('
HL=C A(E
!"#$%&'()A*&+,-./017M38"4%&53%"5/%,57&0,&!./#&:;<:&"44.3N0,6&5.&,M/#%3&.8&O%77%$7
JM38"4%&!3%"5/%,5 PM/#%3&.8&O%77%$7
J/..5D%NI7$0QQ%N A
J$0QQ%N K
HM3,07D%NIQ.$07D%N )
2"0,5%N1&70/Q$%&6%./%5304 K
2"0,5%N1&4./Q$%R&6%./%5304 E
2"0,5%N1&4./Q$%R&6%./%5304&#04D3./% :
>%$0%8I0,407%N E
!.5"$ EA
SD"35&'(:<*&+,-./01&7M38"4%&53%"5/%,57&0,&!./#&:;<:&"44.3N0,6&5.&,M/#%3&.8&O%77%$7
9&*+&:(+06+)&'
12+0$&'346#",*&745&#"&$/+648+6%/#"&
12+0$&'346#",*&745&#"&$/+6
12+0$&'34)+",*&45&#"&$/+6
C."8&/4#:4D&))&*)
-./0+)%&'(,#*+)%&'
!*+,,&'
!"##$%&'()*+,,&'
; < = > ? @ A B
179
!"#$%&'()*+&,"$"&-.$/"0&!%11%2&!34#&5(&6%77%$7&"8839:;0<&/3&="9%(
>"9% ?.4#%9&3@&A%77%$7
BC&D *
BC&DD 5E
B.88F%93 )
>-&DD 5G
>H>I&DD J
CK>I 5
I3038F934%&L3"97% 5
K,DDDMG N
K,DDDB ))
K,DDDBOL5 P
KIDDDM 5
C.:%&-/Q$% )
H>>I&D 55
!"#$%&'()J+&&,"$"&-.$/"0&!%11%2&!34#&5(&6%77%$7&"8839:;0<&/3&7.9@"8%&/9%"/4%0/7
-.9@"8%&/9%"/4%0/ ?.4#%9&3@&A%77%$7
-$;RR%: )S
B.90;7F%:TR3$;7F%: 5
D08;7%: '
H";0/%:O&#"0:%: G)
H";0/%:O&7;4R$%&<%34%/9;8 G)
H";0/%:O&834R$%U&<%34%/9;8 5P
H";0/%:O&834R$%U&9%R9%7%0/"/;30"$ P
LF"9/&'(5J+&,"$"&-.$/"0&!%11%2&!34#&5(&6%77%$7&"8839:;0<&/3&7.9@"8%&/9%"/4%0/7
12#*3%&450.7$"%95)%$)%+%*323#.*2"
12#*3%&450.7$"%958%.7%3)#0
12#*3%&45+#7$"%58%.7%3)#0
12#*3%&45 62*&%&
?(76%)5.@5A%++%"+
/*0#+%&
'()*#+,%&-$."#+,%&
!"#$$%&
: ; <: <; =: =; >: >;
180
!"#$%&'()'*&+"$"&,-$."/&!%00%1&!23#&4(&5%66%$6&"77289:/;&.2&<"8%(
="8% >-3#%8&2?&@%66%$6
AB&C 4)
AB&CC 4D
A-77E%82 '
=,&C F
=,&CC ')
=G+H I
=G=H&CC )
BJ=H '
B,=H I
H2/2 )
H2/27E823%&K2"86% )
K2"86% I
=E:.%&,E"@%9 II
A:7E823%=H I
J+CCCL4 )4
J+CCCA 4F
L/".2$:"/ I
181
!"#$%&'()*+&,"$"&-.$/"0&!%11%2&!3%045&)(&6"3%7&3%83%7%0/%9&:0&75%39&4;.0/7(&
6"3% <.=#%3&;>&75%397
?@&AA B
?.445%3; CD
6-&AA CC
6E6F&AA G
@H6F )
@E C
@-6F G
E66F GD
F;0; )
I;"37% CC
E:/5;7 CJB
FK4%0"%"0 B
-K3:"0 F:0(&)
!"#$%&'()B+&,"$"&-.$/"0&!%11%2&!3%045&)(&-.3>"4%&/3%"/=%0/7&:0&75%39&4;.0/7
-.3>"4%&/3%"/=%0/ <.=#%3&;>&75%397
-=;;/5%9L7$:88%9&;3&.0/3%"/%9 CDG
-$:88%9 GB
?.30:75%9L8;$:75%9 M
@%$:%>LA04:7%9 G
E":0/%92&7:=8$%&N%;=%/3:4 CO
E":0/%92&4;=8$%P&3%83%7%0/"/:;0"$ G
I5"3/&'(C'+&,"$"&-.$/"0&!%11%2&!3%045&)(&-.3>"4%&/3%"/=%0/7&:0&75%39&4;.0/7
71+0$&'8-6#",*&:-.&,.&)&0$1$+#01*
71+0$&'8-)+",*&-9&#"&$.+6
3&*+&4(506+)&'
A/"B&.-#4-)%&.')
2/.0+)%&'(,#*+)%&'
!*+,,&'
!"##$%&'()*+,,&'-#.-/0$.&1$&'
; <; =; >; ?; @;; @<; @=; @>;
182
Chapter 8
!"#$%&'()*&+%,-../0&12"3%1&"4.&1567"8%&96%"9:%491&76/:&;/51%&<0&=/8-&>))?0&>))@&"4.&>))A(&
B2"3%1 C5:#%6&/7&D%11%$ B567"8%&96%"9:%491 C5:#%6&/7&D%11%$1
E5, ? F$"-4 )'
B9/6",%&G"6 > H%$-%7I6/3% )
E5,$%9 @ B-:3$%&,%/:%96-8 >
JF&E5,$%9 ) B-:3$%&,%/:%96-8&#-826/:% A
K6"9%6 )
L/M$1 '
N//O-4,P3/9 )
=":3 >
F/99%6Q&19"4. )
!/9"$ >?
!"#$%&'(>*&R%8/6"9-/4&9Q3%1&"4.&45:#%61&-4&=L&SSL&+%,-../
=%D%$ F$"-4&T L"4.1&T B$-33%.&T +/9-7&T L-82&:/9-7T !/9"$&C/
KP' UA() V(> W(U W(X W(> A'X&Y@?Z
KPX U) A(? >(' W(X W )@@&Y)AZ
!/9"$ U@(V V(X )(> W(X W() XV)&Y?)Z
!"#$%&'(V*&[32%O0&[6%"&L0&B96"95:&\(&B2"3%1&-4&=/851&VUA(&[."39%.&76/:&]-,(&'()W
B2"3% C5:#%6&/7&D%11%$1
L/M$ A
K6"9%6 )
N//O-4,P3/9 @
E5, @
E5,$%9 )
B9/6",%&G"6 '
!/9"$ >V
!"#$%&'(@*&[32%O0&[6%"&L0&B96"95:&\(&B567"8%&96%"9:%491&-4&=/851&VUA([."39%.&76/:&]-,(&'()W
B567"8%&96%"9:%49 C5:#%6&/7&D%11%$1
B://92%.I1$-33%. >W
[33$-%.&6/3%I925:# )
B-:3$%&,%/:%96-8 >
183
!"#$%&'()*&+,-%./&012"134&+&567#/&89:"$&,"$";%&8$<<2&<8&567"&=91-&3:>%2?8$<<2&#329"$@(&0-",%@&9:&
A<;3@&B)C/&">",1%>&82<4&89D@(&EC(EC?EE(
0-",% F34#%2&<8&G%@@%$@
H<=$ EI
J2"1%2 K
L<<.9:D?,<1 B
M3D C
M3D$%1 C
01<2"D%&N"2 EB
!<1"$ OI
!"#$%&'(P*&+,-%./&012"134&+&567#/&89:"$&,"$";%&8$<<2&<8&567"&=91-&3:>%2?8$<<2&#329"$@(&0328";%&
12%"14%:1@&9:&A<;3@&B)C/&">",1%>&82<4&89D@(&EC(EC?EE(
0328";%&12%"14%:1 F34#%2&<8&G%@@%$@
04<<1-%>Q@$9,,%> OC
R<$9@-%>Q#32:9@-%> O
0$9,,%>&":>&#32:9@-%> B
+,,$9%>&2<,%Q1-34# C
094,$%&D%<4%129; C
!"#$%&'(I*&+,-%./&012"134&+&567#(&0-",%@&9:&A<;3@&BBK&">",1%>&82<4&89D(&EC(EK
0-",% F34#%2&<8&G%@@%$@
H<=$ EB
J2"1%2 K
L<<.9:D?,<1 K
M3D E
M3D$%1 C
01<2"D%&N"2 EK
!<1"$ OE
!"#$%&'('*&+,-%./&012"134&+&567#(&0328";%&12%"14%:1@&9:&A<;3@&BBK&">",1%>&82<4&89D(&EC(EK
0328";%&12%"14%:1 F34#%2&<8&G%@@%$@
04<<1-%>Q@$9,,%> KE
R<$9@-%>Q#32:9@-%> )
0$9,,%>&":>&#32:9@-%> )
+,,$9%>&2<,%Q1-34# C
094,$%&D%<4%129; C
184
!"#$%&'()*&+,-%./&012"134&567"(&0-",%8&9:&;<=38&>?@/&A"$"=%&=<321B"2C(&+C",1%C&D2<4&D9E(&@F(@G
0-",% H34#%2&<D&I%88%$8
J<K$ @L
M2"1%2 F
N<<.9:EO,<1 >
P3E F
P3E$%1 F
01<2"E%&Q"2 '
!<1"$ ?'
!"#$%&'(@F*&+,-%./&012"134&567"(&032D"=%&12%"14%:18&9:&;<=38&>?@/&A"$"=%&=<321B"2C(&+C",1%C&D2<4
D9E(&@F(@G
032D"=%&12%"14%:1 H34#%2&<D&I%88%$8
04<<1-%CR8$9,,%C @>
A<$98-%CR#32:98-%C G
0$9,,%C&":C&#32:98-%C )
+,,$9%C&2<,%R1-34# ?
094,$%&E%<4%129= F
!"#$%&'(@@*&+,-%./&A2%O,"$"=%&66(&0-",%8&9:&012"134&5@'/&;<=38&S@))(&&+C",1%C&D2<4&D9E(&S(?OS(>(
0-",%8 H34#%2&<D&I%88%$&,2<D9$%8
J<K$ @?
M2"1%2 @?
N<<.9:E&,<1 L
01<2"E%&Q"2 @?
A91-<8 G
!<1"$ >T
!"#$%&'(@?*&+,-%./&A2%O,"$"=%&66(&032D"=%&12%"14%:18&9:&012"134&5@'/&;<=38&S@))(&&+C",1%C&D2<4&
D9E(&S(?OS(>(
032D"=%&12%"14%:1 H34#%2&<D&I%88%$&,2<D9$%8
04<<1-%CR8$9,,%C G@
U%$9%DR9:=98%C @G
V<:<=-2<4% @
185
!"#$%&'()*+&,-.%/0&123"245&6)70&1."-%8&9:&;<=48&7)>?0&@"$"=%&A<432B"3C(&,C"-2%C&D3<5&D9E(&?()FG
?()?
1."-%8 H45#%3&<D&I%88%$&-3<D9$%8
J<K$ FL
A<</9:E&-<2 )M
12<3"E%&N"3 MF
O4E )
O4E$%2 *
12":C M
12<--%3 )
!<2"$ ''
!"#$%&'()F+&,-.%/0&123"245&6)70&843D"=%&23%"25%:28&9:&;<=48&7)>?0&@"$"=%&A<432B"3C(&,C"-2%C&
D3<5&D9E(&?()FG?()?
143D"=%&23%"25%:2 H45#%3&<D&I%88%$&-3<D9$%8
15<<2.%CP8$9--%C ?M
Q<:<=.3<5% M
J":C%C M
195-$%&E%<5%239= )
R%$9%DP9:=98%C )
!"#$%&'()L+&,-.%/0&1."-%8&D3<5&123"245&6)F0&;<=48&?MML(&,C"-2%C&D3<5&D9E&'(M*G'(*F
1."-%8 H45#%3&<D&I%88%$8
J<K$ ?L
S3"2%3 M
A<</9:E&-<2 )>
12<3"E%&N"3 )
O4E '
O4E$%2 )
;"5- *
!<2"$ )>>
!"#$%&'()7+&,-.%/0&143D"=%&23%"25%:28&D3<5&123"245&6)F0&;<=48&?MML(&,C"-2%C&D3<5&D9E&'(M*G'(*F
143D"=%&23%"25%:2 H45#%3&<D&I%88%$8
15<<2.%CP8$9--%C T)
J":C%C )
195-$%&E%<5%239=&#9=.3<5% )
195-$%&E%<5%239=&U"$$&AB-39<2&95-<3280&F&V10&)& L
JRW
R%$9%DP9:=98%C M
186
!"#$%&'()*+&,-.%/0&1."-%2&3456&174"7"&8)9:);0&<5=>2&);??&@#>4A"$B(&,C"-7%C&3456&3AD(&'(E9:'(E*
1."-%2 F>6#%4&53&G%22%$2
H5I$ )?
J>D )*
J>D$%7 ;
<"6- )
KLMA2 E
N$"2/ 9
17A44>-&O"4 ;
!57"$ 9P
!"#$%&'()'+&,-.%/0&1>43"=%&74%"76%Q72&3456&174"7"&8)9:);0&<5=>2&);??&@#>4A"$B(&,C"-7%C&3456&3AD(&
'(E9:'(E*
1>43"=%&74%"76%Q7 F>6#%4&53&G%22%$2
16557.%CR2$A--%C )*
S5Q5=.456% )
H"QC%C&=56-$%M&@"$$&SL=B 9
1A6-$%&D%56%74A=&#A=.456%& )
1A6-$%&D%56%74A=& )T
U%$A%3RAQ=A2%C )
!"#$%&'()P+&,-.%/0&&174"7>6&8);0&2."-%2&AQ&<5=>2&9';*(&,C"-7%C&3456&3AD(&'(T?:'(TV
1."-%2 F>6#%4&53&G%22%$2
H5I$ E)
,6-.54" )
W>-&"QC&2">=%4 )
X4"7%4 V
W55/AQD&-57 ;
J>D ;
1754"D%&O"4 T
<"6- 9
N$"2/ )
!57"$ T;
187
!"#$%&'()*+&,-.%/0&&123"245&67)0&8439":%&23%"25%;28&<;&=>:48&?')@(&,A"-2%A&93>5&9<B(&'(C*D'(CE
1439":%&23%"25%;2 F45#%3&>9&G%88%$8
15>>2.%AH8$<--%A EI
J>;>:.3>5% )
K";A%A& )
1<5-$%&B%>5%23<:& I
L>5-$%M&B%>5%23<:& 7
!"#$%&'()7+&1."-%8&<;&=&'7K&9$>>3&"88%5#$"B%&93>5&!%$$&N"8.<8.(&,A"-2%A&93>5&9<B(&@'
1."-%8 F>
K>O$ E
L>>/<;B&->2 C
P4B )
12>3"B%&Q"3 I
R<2.>8 ?
!>2"$ )*
!"#$%&'())+&1439":%&23%"25%;28&<;&=&'7K&9$>>3&"88%5#$"B%&93>5&!%$$&N"8.<8.(&,A"-2%A&93>5&9<B(&@'
1439":%&23%"25%;2 F45#%3&>9&G%88%$8
1<5-$%&B5 )
1$<--%A )
K43;<8.%AH->$<8.%A 7
15>>2.%AH8$<--%A 7E
!"#$%&'()?+&1."-%8&93>5&:%3"5<:&"88%5#$"B%&93>5&!%$$&N"8.<8.0&123"245&STTT(&,A"-2%A&93>5&9<B(&U?
1."-%8 F>
K>O$ C
V3"2%3 C
P4B$%2 7
L>>/<;B&->2 '
P4B I
12>3"B%&Q"3 *
R<2.>8 E
!>2"$& ?*
188
!"#$%&'()*+&,-./"0%&1.%"12%314&/.52&0%."260&"44%2#$"7%&/.52&!%$$&8"49649:&,1."1-2&;<<<(&=>"?1%>
/.52&/67(&@A
,-./"0%&1.%"12%31 B-2#%.&5/&C%44%$4
,62?$%&#"3>%> D
EF?.651&GH D
I53509.52% )
J-.3649%>K?5$649%> L
,25519%>K4$6??%> )M
!"#$%&'()N+&,9"?%4&63&!%$$&8"49649:&,1."1-2&;<<J:&/.52&4153%&?"C%2%31&5/&O(&'L(&=>"?1%>&/.52&/67(&
DLL
,9"?%4 B5
J5P$ '
Q5#$%1R D
S."1%. D
T-7$%1 D
E55U637&?51 D
T-7 M
,15."7%&V". M
H61954 L
!51"$& )*
!"#$%&'()M+&,-./"0%&1.%"12%314&63&!%$$&8"49649:&,1."1-2&;<<J:&/.52&4153%&?"C%2%31&5/&O(&'L(&
=>"?1%>&/.52&/67(&&DLL
,-./"0%&1.%"12%31 B-2#%.&5/&C%44%$4
,62?$%&#"3>%> D
E52?$%W&#"3>%> D
J609.52%&052?$%W&#"3>%> )
J609.52%&462?$%&72 )
E52?$%WK462?$%&.%?.%4%31"1653"$ D
I53509.52% D
J-.3649%>K?5$649%> L
,25519%>K4$6??%> DM
189
!"#$%&'()*+&,-./%"01&234"350&6678#(&29":%;&</&=()>*?&"/@&=()>*A1&B%"3%"/&%"439&C$--4(&&D@":3%@
C4-0&E<F&77(>
29":% G50#%4&-C&H%;;%$;
B-I$; )J
K4"3%4; L
M--N</F&:-3; )
O<39-; J
23-4"F%&P"4 A
Q5F R
Q5F$%3 )
!-3"$ R>
!"#$%& '()'+& ,-./%"01& 234"350& 6678#(& 254C"S%& 34%"30%/3;& </& =()>*?& "/@& =()>*A1& B%"3%"/& %"439
C$--4(&&D@":3%@&C4-0&E<F&77(>
254C"S%&34%"30%/3 G50#%4&-C&H%;;%$;
20--39%@T;$<::%@&"/@&5/34%"3%@ L>
U-/-S94-0% ?
B54/<;9%@T:-$<;9%@ >
B"/@%@ V
B<S94-0%&@%S-4"3<-/ L
W%$<%CT</S<;%@ J
!"#$%&'()?+&,-./%X"01&234"350&6678"(&29":%;&</&:-33%4Y&C4-0&39%&:<3(&D@":3%@&C4-0&C<F;(&77(LJZLLZ
L)(
29":% G50#%4&-C&H%;;%$;
B-I$; )?
K4"3%4; )
M--N</F&:-3; LJ
O<39-; V
23-4"F%&P"4 L>
Q5F A
Q5F$%3 )
!-3"$ A'
190
!"#$%&'()*+&,-./%0"12&345"461&7789"(&365:";%&45%"41%/4<&=/&>-44%5?&:5-1&4@%&>=4(&AB">4%B&:5-1&
:=C<(&88(D*EDDEDF(
365:";%&45%"41%/4 G61#%5&-:&H%<<%$<
31--4@%BI<$=>>%B&"/B&6/45%"4%B )'
J-/-;@5-1% F*
K65/=<@%BI>-$=<@%B L
K"/B%B L
K=;@5-1%&B%;-5"4=-/ D
M"=/4%B&"/B&=/;=<%B D
N%$=%:I=/;=<%B D
!"#$%&'()D+&,-./%0"12&345"461&7788(&3@">%<&=/&O()*DP&"/B&O()*DQ+&#%"4%/&%"54@&"/B&>-44%5?&:$--5(&
AB">4%B&:5-1&R=C<(&88(DSEDT
3@">% G61#%5&-:&H%<<%$<
K-U$< F'
V5"4%5-4< D*
M=4@-< DQ
34-5"C%&Y"5 DS
Z6C D)
Z6C$%4 D
!-4"$ T*
!"#$%&'()F+&,-./%0"12&345"461&7788(&365:";%&45%"41%/4<&=/&O()*DP&"/B&O()*DQ+&#%"4%/&%"54@&"/B&
>-44%5?&:$--5(&AB">4%B&:5-1&R=C<(&88(DSEDT
365:";%&45%"41%/4 G61#%5&-:&H%<<%$<
31--4@%BI<$=>>%B&"/B&6/45%"4%B PT
J-/-;@5-1% FD
K65/=<@%BI>-$=<@%B )
K"/B%B )
K=;@5-1%&B%;-5"4=-/ D
3=1>$%&C1 )&[F&>-<<=#$%&\M]
N%$=%:I=/;=<%B D
191
!"#$%&'())*&+,-.%/"0&123"240&55666(&17"8%9&:3,0&;(&<==>?&<=@@?&<=A@"?&<=@'?&BC2D&E"$$&F$"BC9&:C$$(&
GH"82%H&:3,0&:CF(&66()@I)>
17"8% J40#%3&,:&K%99%$9
L,E$9 MN
O7"$CB% N
P,,2 <
Q3"2%39 N<
O,,RC.F&8,29 '
SC27,9 <N
12,3"F%&T"3 N>
U4F NN
U4F$%2 )
V.R.,E.&97"8% <
W,2CK%&#,E$X N
!,2"$ N<N
!"#$%&'()M*&+,-.%/"0&123"240&55666(&143:"B%&23%"20%.29&:3,0&;(&<==>?&<=@@?&<=A@"?&<=@'?&BC2D&
E"$$&F$"BC9&:C$$(&GH"82%H&:3,0&:CF(&66()@I)>
143:"B%&23%"20%.2 J40#%3&,:&K%99%$9
10,,27%HY9$C88%H&".H&4.23%"2%H '@
Z,.,B73,0% NA
L43.C97%HY8,$C97%H M
L".H%H '
LCB73,0% <
6083%99%H&".H&8"C.2%H N
1C08$%&F0 <
[%$C%:YC.BC9%H N
!"#$%&'()=*&123"240&5\#(&17"8%9&:3,0&:$,,3&&;(&<))>(&GH"82%H&:3,0&:CF9(&666(MI=(
17"8% J40#%3&,:&K%99%$9
L,E$9 N>
Q3"2%39 M
O,,RC.F&8,29 NM
SC27,9 ]
12,3"F%&T"3 N<
U4F NN
U4F$%2 ]
!,2"$ @]
192
!"#$%&'()*+&,-."-/0&12#(&,/.3"4%&-.%"-0%5-6&3.70&3$77.&&8(&9)):(&;<"=-%<&3.70&3>?6(&@@@(ABC(
,/.3"4%&-.%"-0%5- D/0#%.&73&E%66%$6
,077-F%<G6$>==%<&"5<&/5-.%"-%< CH
I7574F.70% H
J/.5>6F%<G=7$>6F%< K
J"5<%< K
J>4F.70% 9
,>0=$%&?0&#>4F.70% K
,>0=$%&?0 )&LM75NO
,>0=$%&.%=.%6%5-"->75"$&#>4F.70% 9
!"#$%&'()P+&,-."-/0&12"(&,F"=%6&>5&8(&9)9'&"5<&9))KQ&M7##$%6-75%&3$77.(&&;<"=-%<&3.70&3>?(&@@@(K9B
K)
,F"=% D/0#%.&73&E%66%$6
J7R$6 KC
MF"$>4%6 )
S."-%.6 K
M77T>5?&=7-6 K*
U>-F76 H
,-7."?%&V". :
W/? 9A&LK&JX&"5<&K&NUO
W/?$%- H
!7-"$ AA
!"#$%&'()'+&,-."-/0&12"(&,/.3"4%&-.%"-0%5-6&>5&8(&9)9'&"5<&9))KQ&M7##$%6-75%&3$77.(&&;<"=-%<&3.70
3>?(&@@@(K9BK)
,/.3"4%&-.%"-0%5- D/0#%.&73&E%66%$6
,077-F%<G6$>==%<&"5<&/5-.%"-%< )K
I7574F.70% )
J/.5>6F%<G=7$>6F%< K
J"5<%< 9
M70=$%2&#"5<%<&#>4F.70% P
,>0=$%&?0&#>4F.70% 9
,>0=$%&?0 )
,>0=$%&.%=.%6%5-"->75"$& K
193
!"#$%&'()*+&,-."-/0&121#(&,3"4%5&67&8(&9)'*:9)*9:9)*;<&#%"-%7&%".-3&=$>>.&"7?&0"@%&/4&/7?%.&6-(&
A?"4-%?&=.>0&=6B(&222(C;DCE
,3"4% F/0#%.&>=&G%55%$5
H>I$5 C)
H>I$5&>.&J3"$6J%5 K
L3"$6J%5 C
M."-%.5 )
L>>@67B&4>-5 K
N6-3>5 O
,->."B%&P". CC
Q/B '
Q/B$%- 9
!>-"$ EO
!"#$%&'(;O+&,-."-/0&121#(&,/.="J%&-.%"-0%7-5&67&8(&9)'*:9)*9:9)*;<&#%"-%7&%".-3&=$>>.&"7?&0"@%&
/4&/7?%.&6-(&A?"4-%?&=.>0&=6B(&222(C;DCE
,/.="J%&-.%"-0%7- F/0#%.&>=&G%55%$5
,0>>-3%?R5$644%?&"7?&/7-.%"-%? )*
S>7>J3.>0% O
H/.7653%?R4>$653%? C
H"7?%? C
L>04$%T&#"7?%?&H6J3.>0% 9
,604$%&B0&#6J3.>0% C
,604$%&B0 ;&U)&".%&HV&22W
,604$%&.%4.%5%7-"-6>7"$& O
X, 9
194
!"#$%&'()*+&,-."-/0&121"3&*4-5&6%7-/.8(&,5"9%:&;7&<(&=4>)?=4>@?=4>A3&B5;-%&9$":-%.%C&D$EE.(&&
FC"9-%C&D.E0&D;G:(&222(*'H==
,5"9% I/0#%.&ED&J%::%$:
KEB$: 4A
L5"$;6%: 4
M."-%.: >
LEEN;7G&9E-: *)
O;-5E: P
,-E."G%&Q". =)
R/G *A3&*&KS
R/G$%- =3&*&KS
O8T;:U *
V86%7"%"7&Q/G&"7C&:-;../9&Q". >
W,&#EB$: =
!E-"$ **=
!"#$%&'()=+&,-."-/0&121"3&*4-5&6%7-/.8(&,/.D"6%&-.%"-0%7-:&;7&<(&=4>)?=4>@?=4>A3&B5;-%&9$":-%.%C&
D$EE.(&&FC"9-%C&D.E0&D;G:(&222(*'H==
,/.D"6%&-.%"-0%7- I/0#%.&ED&J%::%$:
,0EE-5%CX:$;99%C&"7C&/7-.%"-%C Y*
VE7E65.E0% =
K/.7;:5%CX9E$;:5%C P
K"7C%C Y
LE09$%T&#"7C%C&K;65.E0% *
,;09$%&G0 A
LE09$%T&G0 *
S%$;%DX;76;:%C *
W, =
!"#$%&'()4+&K%-5&,5%"7(&Z.%[/%76;%:&ED&9";7-%C&J%::%$:&#8&:5"9%&;7&-5%&%7-;.%&<K&"::%0#$"G%(&
V/$$;7:&=PP>+&4Y@
L$":: !E-"$&;7&"::%0#$"G% IE(&ED&9";7-%C O%.6%7-"G%&9";7-%C
KEB$: 4Y*A )AY *=
\E#$%-: 4> *= 4=()
M."-%.: =>) @) *Y(>
L$E:%C&J%::%$: @=* *>P 4=(A
,-E."G%&Q".: =*Y **' @4(Y
R/G: *4= @= 4Y()
K;6E7;6"$&J%::%$: )= 4= >A(=
195
!"#$%&'()*&!+,-#$./+0&+1&2+3045#,&#06&7#/"./"&89&-"#/4
:"#/4 ;4<&7#/"./" ;4<&2+3045#,
=#$<9&>?&@@& )A(AAB )C(AAB
D#%4&>?&@@ E(FAB '(GAB
D?&@ HG(AAB IC()AB
-.3
-.2/
-.2
-.1/
-.1 4,$&5"67867
4,$& 9:;<,=">
-.0/
-.0
-.-/
-
!"#$%&'(&))& *"+,&'(&)) *(&)
196
!"#$%&'())*&+%$$",&+%-.%/0"1%2&34&56/%&"/7&+$"6/&8"-%2&"/7&69:3-02&0;-3<1;&069%(&=7":0%7&4-39&
>/"::&?@'@*&!"#$%&?(
+$"6/&8"-% AB&CCBDEFGB&C GBCFGBCC GBCC
+"6/0%7&B<44 H(? )(H IJ()
56/%&B<44&+"6/0%7 J() J J()
B6.;-39%F3/FB<44 J(K ?() J()
56/%&L"-%2
8;60%&M$6:&+"6/0%7 J(N ?(H ?(K
E;3.3$"0%F3/F8;60% )(' O ?(K
B6.;-39%& J(? J(O J
B6.;-39%F3/F8;60% J(O J(N J
!30"$&$3."$&7%.3-"0%7 ?O(' ??(H I)(I
C9:3-02
AP.%/"/%"/ J ?(H ?(@
8M J(? ?(@ J()
BQ J I(' J
A3/3.;-39% J(? J J
BG8A J(? J J
QG8A J(? J J
!30"$&69:3-02 J() N() I(O
!"#$%&'()K*&!%$&B"0"2;,M0-(&RCCC,&M;":%2&6/&B<6$76/1&)HK,&G3.<2&)NH(&=7":0%7&4-39&&+$(&IHFOO(&
M;":% S<9#%-&34&T%22%$2
B3L$ ?I
>-"0%- J
E33U6/1&:30 ?O
M03-"1%&V"- ?@
V<1 '
M03::%- ?
B6.3/6."$&T%22%$ I
V<1$%0 ?
G"9: ?
5<//%$ ?
A3/3.;-39%&#3L$ ?
BQ&W<1&"/7&W<1$%0 I
8M I
!30"$ NO
197
!"#$%&'()*+&!%$&,"-"./01-2(&34440&1526"7%&-2%"8%9-.&:9&,5:$;:9<&)=>0&?@75.&)*=(&A;"@-%;&62@8&&B$(&
C=DEE(&
1526"7%&-2%"-8%9- F58#%2&@6&G%..%$.
18@@-/%;H.$:II%; >C
1:8I$%&<%@8%-2:7 )
J@8I$%K&<%@8%-2:7 L
1:8I$%&<%@8%-2:7&#:7/2@8% >
1:8I$%&2%I2%.%9-"-:@9"$&#:7/2@8% L
!"#$%&'()=+&?"7/:./0&A2%"&M0&N,&4(&1/"I%.&:9&?@75.&=OLO(&A;"I-%;&62@8&6:<.(&L*(LDC&
1/"I% F58#%2
,@P$. C)
J5$-&.-"9; L
J@@Q:9<&I@- L
B:-/@. >
!@-"$ EL
!"#$%&'()'+&?"7/:./0&A2%"&M0&N,&4(&1526"7%&-2%"-8%9-.&:9&?@75.&=OLO(&A;"I-%;&62@8&6:<.(&L*(LDC&
1526"7%&-2%"-8%9- F58#%2
B$":9 LR
,529:./%;HB@$:./%; O
N@9@7/2@8% E
,"9;%; L
497:.%; L
!"#$%&'()R+&?"7/:./0&A2%"&M0&N,&4(&1/"I%.&:9&?@75.&=OL>&?@P%2(&A;"I-%;&62@8&6:<.&L*(ED&L*()
1/"I% F58#%2
J5I *
J/"$:7% *
,@--$% E
S5<$%- *
?"8I L
,@P$. LE
J@@Q:9<&I@- L
1-@2"<%&T"2 )
B:-/@. L
!@-"$ )L
198
!"#$%&'()*+&,"-./0.1&23%"&41&56&7(&893:"-%&;3%";<%=;0&/=&,>-90&?*@)&,>A%3(&2B"C;%B&:3><&:/D0&
@E(FG&@E(H
893:"-%&;3%";<%=; I9<#%3
J$"/= F'
693=/0.%BKJ>$/0.%B *
5>=>-.3><% L
6"=B%B @
7=-/0%B *
!"#$%&'()@+&,"-./0.1&,%M%$&JGE(&8."C%0&/=&,>-90&)L*F(&2B"C;%B&:3><&:/D0(&@E(NG@*&
8."C% I9<#%3
6>A$0 @*
O3";%3 L
P>>Q/=D&C>; F
R9D F
8;>3"D%&S"3 )
J/;.>0 L
!>;"$ L)
!"#$%&'()L+&,"-./0.1&,%M%$&JGE(&893:"-%&;3%";<%=;0&/=&,>-90&)L*F(&2B"C;%B&:3><&:/D0(&@E(NG@*&
893:"-%&;3%";<%=; I9<#%3
J$"/= @F
5>=>-.3><% @*
2CC$/%B @
7<C3%00%B @
199
!"#$%&'()*+&,"-./0.1&,%2%$&345(&6."7%0&"89&0:;<"-%&=;%"=>%8=0&/8&,?-:0&*@A)(&B9"7=%9&<;?>&</C0(&
@D(@)4@'
6."7% E:>#%;
F?G$0 @H
I??J/8C&7?= *
K:C A
6=?;"C%&L"; )
3/=.?0 M
!?="$ AM
6:;<"-%&=;%"=>%8= E:>#%;
3$"/8 A)
N?8?-.;?>% H
6/>7$%&C>&7?$O-.;?>% @
P8-/0%9 @
!"#$%&'()5+&,"-./0.1&,%2%$&64*(&6."7%0&"89&0:;<"-%&=;%"=>%8=0&/8&,?-:0&'H@@(&B9"7=%9&<;?>&</C0&
@Q(M4@Q('
6."7% E:>#%;
F?G$0 @M
R;"=%; 5
I??J/8C&7?= *
K:C @
K:C$%= H
6=?;"C%&L"; *
!?="$ A'
6:;<"-%&=;%"=>%8= E:>#%;
3$"/8 AD
N?8?-.;?>% H
F"89%9&0/>7$% @
6/>7$%&C> @
200
!"#$%&'())*&+",-./-0&+%1%$&2334(&5-"6%/&"78&/9:;",%&<:%"<=%7</&.7&+>,9/&?@'A&B66%:(&48"6<%8&
;:>=&;.C/&DE(?FGDE(??&
5-"6% H9=#%:
I>J$/ DA
+"=6 K
L9C D
M.:.;>:=&"=6->:./N>/ A
5<>:"C%&O9C A
I.,>7.,"$&O9C D
P>>N.7C&6>< @
M.$C:.=&;$"/N D
5<>:"C%&O": '
!><"$ ?'
59:;",%&<:%"<=%7< H9=#%:
M$".7 ?A
Q>7>,-:>=% F
I"78%8&/.=6$% D
I"78%8&,>=6$%R D
5.=6$%&C= A
5.=6$%&:%6 A
201
!"#$%&'()*+&,"-./0.1&&,%2%$&34(&5."6%0&"78&09:;"-%&<:%"<=%7<0&/7&,>-90&?*@@&A66%:(&B8"6<%8&;:>=&
;/C0&@D(E@FEG&
5."6% H9=#%:
I>J$0 ?*
K:"<%: G
I/->7/-"$&L9C G
M>>N/7C&6>< @
OPQ/0 @
M96 @
M96F"78F0"9-%: @
R9C$%< @
,/8 ?
O/$C:/=&;$"0N G
5<>:"C%&L": @G
!><"$ *G
59:;"-%&<:%"<=%7< H9=#%:
O$"/7 EE
S>7>-.:>=% @
I"78%8&0/=6$% '
I"78%8&->=6$%Q T
U%$/%;V"66$/%8 ?
5/=6$%&C= E
5/=6$%&:%6 G
202
!"#$%&'()*+&,"-./0.1&&,%2%$&34(&5."6%0&"78&09:;"-%&<:%"<=%7<0&/7&,>-90&?@AB(&C8"6<%8&;:>=&;/D0&
AE(F@GFE
5."6% H9=#%:
I>J$0 BA
K:"<%: F
,"=6 A
L9D A
5<>:"D%&M9D B
I/->7/-"$&M9D A
N>>O/7D&6>< ?
,/8 A
P/$D:/=&;$"0O B
5<>:"D%&M": AE
!><"$ ))
59:;"-%&<:%"<=%7< H9=#%:
P$"/7 F@
Q>7>-.:>=% R
I"78%8&0/=6$% ?
I"78%8&->=6$%S A
5/=6$%&D= F
5/=6$%&:%6 A
!"#$%&'()'+&T"U>:1&&5<:"<9=&V344GQI&44I(&5."6%0&;:>=&;$>>:&,(&AAA*1&C8"6<%8&;:>=&;/D(&444('
5."6%0 H9=#%:&>;&2%00%$0
I>J$ *
N."$/-%WD>#$%< A
K:"<%: ?
N>>O/7D&6>:"D%&M": E
!><"$ B?
203
!"#$%&'()*+&,"-./0&&12/"234&567789:&77:(&13/;"<%&2/%"24%=2>&;/.4&;$../&?(&@@@A0&BC"D2%C&;/.4&
;EF(&777('
13/;"<%&2/%"24%=2 G34#%/&.;&H%>>%$>
14..2I%CJ>$EDD%C&./&3=2/%"2%C @*
:3/=E>I%CJD.$E>I%C @
9.=.<I/.4% @
K%$E%;JE=<E>%C L
!"#$%&'(MN+&,"-./0&9:&77O0&12/"234&567(&1I"D%>&E=&E=>2"$$"2E.=&?(@@MP0&DE2&<32&E=2.&2I%&#%C/.<Q(&
BC"D2%C&;/.4&;EF>(&777(@L8@R(
1I"D%> G34#%/&.;&H%>>%$>
:.S$ LP
!/34D%2&#">% @
OI"$E<% @
T/"2%/ *
O..QE=F&D.2 @
U3F$%2 R
U3F @
U"/ @
12./"F%&V"/ '
!.2"$ P*
&
!"#$%&'(M@+&,"-./0&9:&77O0&12/"234&567(&13/;"<%&2/%"24%=2>&E=&E=>2"$$"2E.=&?(@@MP0&DE2&<32&E=2.&2I%&
#%C/.<Q(&BC"D2%C&;/.4&;EF>(&777(@L8@R(
13/;"<%&2/%"24%=2 G34#%/&.;&H%>>%$>
14..2I%CJ>$EDD%C&./&3=2/%"2%C PN
:3/=E>I%CJD.$E>I%C L
9.=.<I/.4% R
WFF>I%$$&S"/% @
K%$E%;JE=<E>%C R
204
!"#$%&'()*+&,"-./0&12/"234&567&89:&;(&1<"=%>&?@&A?2&8(&BBCC(&:D"=2%D&E/.4&E?F(&;;;(BG7BC
1<"=%> H34#%/&.E&I%>>%$>
9.J$ KL
M<"$?N% B
8"4= *
O/"2%/ K
M..P?@F&=.2 '
QFR=2?"@&#.22$% B
S3F$%2 *
S3F B
:4=<./?>P.> *
12./"F%&T"/ *
A?2<.> K
!.2"$ )U
!"#$%&'()K+&,"-./0&12/"234&567&89:&;(&13/E"N%&2/%"24%@2>&?@&A?2&8(&BBCC(&:D"=2%D&E/.4&E?F(&;;;(BG7
BC
13/E"N%&2/%"24%@2 H34#%/&.E&I%>>%$>
14..2<%DV>$?==%D&./&3@2/%"2%D UL
93/@?><%DV=.$?><%D *
W.@.N</.4% G
MR=/?.2&?4=./20&>$?==%D&"@D&#3/@?><%D B
9"@D%D G
1?4=$%&F%.4%2/?N *
X%$?%EV?@N?>%D Y
!"#$%&'()U+&!%$$&9?Z"V!3223$0&43$2?7=%/?.D
M%/"4?N&M.4=$%[ A%/N%@2"F%&.E&D%N./"2%D&=.22%/R A%/N%@2"F%&.E&I%>>%$>&J?2<&
2/%"2%D&>3/E"N%>&\4.@.N</.4%&
>$?=0&#3/@?><?@F&"@D&=.$?><?@F]
B * B
* BB ^Y(G
K BU B(G
U BG *(G
G BG B(G
) BC B(K
C BG Y(G
205
!"#$%&'()*+&!%$$&,"-.-./&01"2%3&,453%&.6&78%"&,/&9*:1&;%6:58<
01"2% =5>#%8&4?&@%33%$ A%8;%6:"B%&.6&"33%>#$"B%
0:48"B%&C"83 DE 9)
F":3 9E '
G8":%83 9H 9E
A$"::%83 H D
0:8".6%83 9 9
I4J$3 K L
M5B3 9E '
N523 ' )
N44O.6B&24:3 9H 9E
A4:3:"6-3 H D
C"83 9' 9P
A.:;1%83 D D
0>"$$&Q"83 * P
R$"3O3 D D
S.-3 ' )
M.3;%$$"6%453 D D
!4:"$ 9DL 9EE
206
!"#$%&'())*&+,,-%,".%&/%01-".213&401-%4&"3/&5%-0%3.",%4&16&42.%4&4.7/2%/
!%$&8%91-":;<&=>+ ?
8%,2//1&0(&@'AAB@CDA ?
8%,2//1&8>&EEB=>&E FA('G
8%,2//1&H@A"&=>E F
8%,2//1&=>&EE> )(AAG
>%.;BI;%"3&8>&EE>&%"-$J& ?
>%.;BI;%"3&8>&EE>&$".% F
>%.;BI;%"3&=> @K()AG
L%$$"&8>&EEMN=>&E @F('AG
L%$$"&=>&EB=>&EE @@(CAG
L%$$"&=>&EE ?K(?AG
!%$&O"4;24;&8>&EE @A(AAG
!%$&O"4;24;&%3/&16&8>&EE> )(CAG
!%$&O"4;24;&=>&E ?P(AAG
!%$&Q1R3%S"T&8>&EE&+&U"9%-",%V @K(AAG
!%$&Q1R3%S"T&8>&EE&>&$".% '(PAG
!%$&Q1R3%S"T&8>&EE>N=>&E @D(AAG
!%$&Q1R3%S"T&=>&E FK(@AG
!%$&Q1R3%S"T&=>&EE @P(AAG
W";-".&"/;BX;-"S@&8>&EE ?
+5;%:<&+-%"&>&8>&EE&+ @FG
+5;%:<&+-%"&+&8>&EE&+&U"9%-",%V ?(FG
+5;%:<&+-%"&Y&8>&EE&> K(DG
+5;%:<&+-%"&Y&Y@K PG
+5;%:<&+-%"&Y&Y@? @FG
Z"[1-<&8>&EE&> '(CG
Z"[1-<&8>&EE&M )(@&G
Z"[1-<&=>&E @A(PG
!%$&\"#-2&8>&EE F
!%$&>"."4;&=>E>BEE+ @C(DAG
="0;24;<&=%9%$&LB)&8>&E 'G
="0;24;<&=%9%$&LBK<&@C.;&0%3.7-J C(KG
="0;24;&=%9%$&IBF C(@G
="0;24;&=%9%$&]EE+ @D('G
="0;24;&=%9%$&]E&U"9%-",%V @P(DG
>".&Q"T<&8>&EE+ ??(?G
207
!"#$"%&'()"%&*+",-"../ 012
3&4(&",-".."56)7&48#("9 :
3&4(&",-"..";&<&=) >
3&4(&"?-". >
3&4(&"?-".. >
@)<<",&7A8BC",-". >
@)<<",&7A8BC",-".. :
@)<<"-8D&",- 0EFGG2
@)<<"H&A8A8"?-". :
I**")<J,&77&",- >
I**")<J,&77&"?-". >
208
!"#$%&'()*&+,-.$#%/.0&1,$-,0%#2,3&45&6#%,&/0&%",&3.7%",$0&8,9#0%
:,$/.6 ;,2/66. <,%"= :,??# @,?& @,?& F1",G H#I.$ @,?&<#%#3" 8#-"/3"
>",#0 A#3"/3" B.C0,D#E
;<&J& MN(NNO MP(NNO Q(RSO 'O
KJJFL
;<&JJ&KJJ& R(QNO '(TNO P(SO Q(PO Q(PO
<L
8<&J UN('O M)(QSO )T(NNO )P(SSO MN(TO
8<&JJ R(NNO MP(RNO )P()NO MT(NNO MMO MQ(SO Q(MO
("#$$
/01234#"
/01234#/
("#$ /01234#5
/01234#6
/01234#7
/01234#8
!"#$$#%$$#"'
/01234#9
/01234#$
/01234#:
!"#$#%$$&'
)* +* ,)* ,+* -)* -+* .)* .+*
209
%&'()*+!,!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!"#$%&'()*+',-.&'/"001&'2"3#045'6&3-'7-%&)'8&9%40$:&0';%45'<&.%"&'/$=&$5'
7&>=".&)
"#$!!
!
!
$%&'()!*+",!-%../)!0%1&.23!.%45!6%75!%18%4).!.)82(97%21!21!75)!%17)(%2(+!:);(2.'8).!<(23!=)7(%)!
-'4)'3!6)>4%7)+!
!
!
!
!
$%&'()!*+?,!#?75!@A1947A!B)//!)/!C95'.%A9!D'&+!:);(2.'8).!<(23!-)7(2;2/%791!-'4)'3!6)>4%7)+!
!
!
!
"##!!
!
!
$%&'()!*+*,!-).!/%0&123!()1!401!5(2.0!64%07)1!84(+!9)6(21':)1!;(23!<)7(%)!='>)'3!.)5>%7)+!
!
$%&'()!*+?,!@A')!64%07)1!84(!;(23!B34(04+!9)6(21':)1!;(23!@(%7%>C!='>)'3!.)5>%7)+!
"#"!!
!
%&'()*!+,-.!/01234)05*!67)!8)05!9*&)!*1:;*<&=7,!!>.!$?,@35,!A*B)0<(3*<!8)05!C4*!;*C)0B01&C7=!
;(D*(5!08!E)C!F*GD&C*,!
!
%&'()*!+,H.!I7C*!J*K!L&='<05!67)D!K&C4!1&=*7)!<*30)7C&0=!M#.+N,!A*B)0<(3*<!8)05!EDC0=!#OO-,!
!
!
"#$!!
!
%&'()*!$+,-!./0*!1*2!3&4'567!8&9')&7!:9/;<+!=*8)65(>*5!:)67!?*0)&*!@(;*(7!2*A;&0*+!
!
%&'()*!$+B-!C/)!;D*)5!2&0D!E/)A60&4*!5*>6)/0&64+!F+GHIH+,>7+!=*8)65(>*5!:)67!E)&0&;D!@(;*(7!
2*A;&0*+!
!
%&'()*!$+#J-!3/7/)*;!>(8!2&0D!&78)*;;*5!/45!8/&40*5!5*>6)/0&64+!K-!L+L>7+!=*8)65(>*5!:)67!
E)&0&;D!@(;*(7!2*A;&0*+!
"#$!!
!
%&'()*!+,##-!./)&0*!1234*!.&05/0!)63250,!7-!8#9:,!;*<)5=(9*=!>)5:!?)&2&16!.(1*(:!@*A1&2*,!
!
!
!
!
!
"#$!!
!
%&'()*!+,#"-!./0/1*!2340*!5/)!6)78!9:72272,!;-!#<+,=18,!>*?)7@(1*@!6)78!A*3/:17()3!#BC=,!
!
!
!
"#$!!
!
%&'()*!+,#-.!/0!112!34)!5#.67,!8*9):;(<*;!=):>!?:(@A3:B!#CC-,!
!
%&'()*!+,#+.!/0111!2#!34),!8*9):;(<*;!=):>!?:(@A3:B!#CC-,!
!
!
!
%&'()*!+,#D.!/0!111E!94@*FF*;!G)4A*),!8*9):;(<*;!=):>!?:(@A3:B!#CC-,!
!
"#$!!
!
%&'()*!+,#$-!./&0*!12&30*4!1*34*30!5&3*!6078*!9('8*0,!:-!#";<,!=*>)?4(;*4!@)?<!A)&0&B/!C(B*(<!
D*EB&0*,!
!
%&'()*!+,"F-!A2B*!=&3'!G!9('8*0,!:-!#H;<,!=*>)?4(;*4!@)?<!A)&0&B/!C(B*(<!D*EB&0*,!
!
!
"#$!!
!
$%&'()!*+",-!./(01!23(%4567%8%9%45!:%091)(!;%01!:%90/(%48!<)9/(40%/5+!=):(/<'9)<!>(/?!.%&(/!"##"+!
!
$%&'()!*+""-!@2%?:8)!A4%50)<@!:%091)(+!=):(/<'9)<!>(/?!.%&(/!"##"+!
!
""#!!
!
$%&'()!*+",-!./(01!23(%4567%8%9%45!:4%50);!<4()!=(/>!?@!AA!BC84+!D):(/;'9);!=(/>!.%&(/!"EE"+!
!
$%&'()!*+"*-!F)G450%5)!H4%50);!I4()!=(/>!01)!J/'01)(5!F)G450+!K!8)=0!0/!(%&10-!"L+M9>N!,"9>N!
,,+M9>+!D):(/;'9);!=(/>!@4&1!"EE*+!
!
$%&'()!*+"M-!@%91(/>)!O'&!=/'5;!%5!73:('J+!K-!"E9>+!D):(/;'9);!=(/>!@(%0%J1!?'J)'>!<)CJ%0)+!
""#!!
!
#$%&'(!)*"+,!-./0/123(4/546.$3(!72'(!82'9!:'/;!3.(!</'=25!>211(?*!@(A'/=&0(=!:'/;!#$90.('!BCCC*!
!
#$%&'(!)*"D,!E&F$!72'(!%/G1(3!:'/;!H1212I.*!@(A'/=&0(=!:'/;!J'$3$9.!K&9(&;!7(G9$3(*!
!!
!
!
"""!!
!
$%&'()!*+,-!./0!12!3()4)!5617%8&!46)!5%4)5!2(19!76%:6!;)015%45!6/<)!=))8!/8/>?5);!%8!();+!@;/04);!
2(19!A/4(1'5!,BBC+!
!
$%&'()!*+"-!D/8;);!;):1(/4%18!18!..!E!56)(;!2(19!46)!F4(/4!;)015%45+!
!
$%&'()!*+#-!D/(=14%8)!;):1(/4%18!18!..!E!56)(;!2(19!46)!F4(/4!;)015%45+!
""#!!
!
$%&'()!*+#,!-./%0)1!1)/2(34%2.!2.!55!-!6'&7)4!8(29!4:)!;4(34!1)<20%40+!
!
$%&'()!*+*,!=2>7)40!?%4:!0%9<7)!3.1!<27@/:(29)!1)/2(34%2.!8(29!A)<20%4!B+!C,D+!E)<(21'/)1!8(29!
53/12.371!3.1!F.3<<)44!"GGH+!
""#!!
!
$%&'()!#*+,!-./012(.3)!4(%5&)678.'9)5!:;(!<(.3!=)8.7%9!>*!?,@*!A)8(.5'1)5!<(.3!B;15.C;/5!;C5!
DC;88)99!"EEF*!
!
$%&'()!#*F,!-./012(.3)!:'&!;C5!8%(%<.(3!:;(!<(.3!=)8.7%9!G*!?,H*!A)8(.5'1)5!<(.3!B;15.C;/5!;C5!
DC;88)99!"EEF*!
!
$%&'()!#*I,!J9(;%&2967%5)5!;C5!2)3%782)(%1;/!1'87!<(.3!=)8.7%9!=*!?,@*!A)8(.5'1)5!<(.3!B;15.C;/5!
;C5!DC;88)99!"EEF*!
!
""#!!
! !
$%&'()!*+,-!./01)2!3/0)!4(56!7)850%2!7+!9-:+!;)8(5<'=)<!4(56!>/=<5?/@<!/?<!A?/88)22!"BBC+!
!
$%&'()!*+9B-!A56650D!8@/?!54!E)?2(/@!F%@@0%<)!G5'0)0+!;)8(5<'=)<!4(56!.)2/?=5'(2!9,,B+!
!
!
""#!!
!
$%&'()!*+,,-!./%01)2!3411)(5!6(47!8401)91!:;!<4774=+!,->+!?)3(42'@)2!6(47!A)1/0@4'(1!,BBC+!
!
$%&'()!*+,"-!D%73E)!34E5@F(47)!2)@4(/1%40!6(47!1F)!GG!HH!D1(/1!2)34=%1=+!
!
$%&'()!*+,>/!/02!I-!?)3()=)01/1%40/E!/02!@473E)9!2)@4(/1%40!40!GG!HH!D1(/1!2)34=%1=+!
!
!
!
!
!
!
""#!!
!
$%&'()!*+,-.!/0123)4!203567(01)!8)60(9:%0;!0;!<%;)=>933)8!6'2!<(01!:7)!?@AB!C:(9:!8)20D%:D+!
!
$%&'()!*+,*.!/'2D!<(01!A0110DE!/0;:)4:!F+!,.G+!H)2(08'6)8!<(01!I):9;60'(:!,FFJ+!
!
!!
!
$%&'()!*+,K.!/'2!>%:7!%12()DD)8!9;8!29%;:)8!8)60(9:%0;!<(01!A0110DE!/0;:)4:!,G+!,.G+!H)2(08'6)8!
<(01!I):9;60'(:!,FFJ+!
""#!!
!
$%&'()!*+,-.!!/0'12)2!3'4!512!6(%2&)7840'9)2!:5(!8;)(28!<(0=!>0==08?!@019)A9!,B+!,.B+!
/)4(02'3)2!<(0=!C)95130'(9!,##D+!
""#!!
!
%&'()*!+,-./!0123!45!6447!89:!;(&1<&3'!=:!>(2)?&*)!@(,!-/"+,!6*A)4<(B*<!5)47!04()C2?!23<!D32AA*??!
"$$+,!
!
!
!!
"#$!!
! !
%&'()*!+,$-./012!34!56*!23)56!71)5!34!8(09&2'!:!;63<&2'!56*!)33=;!129!>*;;*0;!7)*;*25!&2!56*=!
1??3)9&2'!53!4(2?5&32,!$.$"@,!A*7)39(?*9!4)3=!/3();15!129!B2177*55!"CC+,!
"#$!!
!
$%&'()!*+",-!./01!23!45)!62'45!70(4!23!8'%/9%1&!:!652;%1&!45)!(22<6!019!=)66)/6!%1!45)<!0>>2(9%1&!42!
3'1>4%21+!?-?"@+!A)7(29'>)9!3(2<!.2'(604!019!B1077)44!",,*+!
!
!
"#"!!
!
$%&'()!*+",-!./01)2!3)11)/1!4%56!1%78/)!2)90(:5%0;!<(07!=007!>?+!,-,@+!=)8(02'9)2!<(07!A0'(1:5!
:;2!B;:88)55!"@@*+!
!
$%&'()!*+""-!C'&1!4%56!D%&65E0;EF:(G!2)90(:5%0;!<(07!=007!>,H+!,-H+!=)8(02'9)2!<(07!A0'(1:5!:;2!
B;:88)55!"@@*+!
!
!
$%&'()!*+"#-!IJ8%9:/!9'81!4%56!9()19);51!0;!(%7!<(07!K:/%:+!,-#+!=)8(02'9)2!<(07!A0'(1:5!:;2!
B;:88)55!"@@*+!
!
$%&'()!*+"L-!M(%2&)E180'5)2!N:(!4%56!()8()1);5:5%0;:/!2)90(:5%0;!<(07!O':(5%)(!K'+!,-H+!
=)8(02'9)2!<(07!A0'(1:5!:;2!B;:88)55!"@@*+!
!
$%&'()!*+"*-!A0/J96(07)!6)7%186)(%9:/!9'8!<(07!O':(5%)(!K'+!,-#+!=)8(02'9)2!<(07!A0'(1:5!:;2!
B;:88)55!"@@*+!
!
"##!!
!
%&'()*!+,"-.!/''01*22345)*!6(70!8)9:!;15&0<90,!=9!0652*,!>*7)9?(6*?!8)9:!@*A&!BC-$,!
!
%&'()*!+,"D.!E)5<*)!4&<1!)*2&*8!?*69)5<&9F!8)9:!;15&0<90,!G.!$+6:,!>*7)9?(6*?!8)9:!=5<&9F52!
H9F(:*F<0!I)61&A*!79)<52,!
!
%&'()*!+,"J.!;25<*!8)9:!<1*!75256*!98!;15&0<90,!=9!0652*,!>*7)9?(6*?!8)9:!@*A&!BC-$,!
"#$!!
!
%&'()*!$+",-!.(/!0)12!314567&)58&9:575;&2575+!<*/)1=(>*=!0)12!?1@&>8&!"AA"+!
!
%&'()*!$+#A-!B('!0)12!314567&)58&9:575;&2575+!<*/)1=(>*=!0)12!?1@&>8&!"AA"+!
!
%&'()*!$+#C-!.12/;*D!=*>1)57&14!14!6E*)=6!0)12!33!FFF!G7)57!=*/16&76+!
"#$!!
! !
%&'()*!+,#"-!-./!01!23&4*567844*/!-./!679-44*)*/!/*:8)-4&8.!&.!;;!<<<!*-)9=!>4)-4!/*786&46,!
!
!
%&'()*!+,##-!-./!01!?8@79*A!'*8@*4)&:!/*:8)-4&8.!&.!;;!<<<!9-4*!>4)-4!/*786&46,!
!
!
!
!
%&'()*!+,#B1!C9-.!8D!;;!<<<!38(6*!3*-)!43*!E:)8789&6,!F*7)8/(:*/!D)8@!?-49&.'!*4!-9,!GHIH,!
"#$!!
!
%&'()*!+,#+-!.(/!0&12!)&//3*!4*56)71&68!9)6:!;*/6<&1!.,!=-#,!>*/)64(5*4!9)6:!.713&8'!*1!73,!=?$?,!
!
%&'()*!+,#@-!A('!9)6:!;*/6<&1!.,!=-#,!>*/)64(5*4!9)6:!.713&8'!=?$?,!
!
! !
%&'()*!+,#$-!B0*)!9)6:!C6::6<D!.681*E1!=@,!>*/)64(5*4!9)6:!F*17856()1!=??G,!
"#$!!
!
%&'()*!+,#$-!./0123!4&1/!)*5)*6*31&71&2378!9*:2)71&23!;)2<!=2<<26>!?231*@1!AB,!A-#,!.*5)29(:*9!
;)2<!C*173:2()1!ADDE,!
"#$!!
!
%&'()*!+,#$-!./01!23!.0/0&4056)2,!7*8)29(:*9!3)2;!<1088*66!019!=(11&1'>0;!"??#,!
!
! !
%&'()*!+,@?-!%2/&06*!A0195!21!>*;&58>*)&:0/!:(85!3)2;!B(&/9&1'!",!C-#,!7*8)29(:*9!3)2;!<1088*66!
019!=(11&1'>0;!"??#,!
!!
!
!
!
!
!
"#$!!
!
%&'()*!+,#-.!/*01)23&14!14!5(06!7)18!9)*2!:,!-.;,!<*0)1=(5*=!7)18!>4200*33!24=!?(44&4'@28!
"$$;,!
!
!
%&'()*!+,#".!AB24!17!C(&B=&4'!:!&4!A2B2&D263)1,!<*0)1=(5*=!7)18!E25F&BB&G)2H!!"#$%,!-IIJ,!
!
%&'()*!+,#;.!?(0!7)18!C(&B=&4'!:,!-.;,!<*0)1=(5*=!7)18!>4200*33!24=!?(44&4'@28!"$$;,!
!!
!
!
!
"#$!!
!
%&'()*!+,##-!./*)!/&01!)&223*!4*56)70&68!9)6:!;(&34&8'!<,!$-=,!>*2)64(5*4!9)6:!?8722*00!784!
@(88&8'17:!"AA=,!
! !
%&'()*!+,#+-!>*2)*B*8070&6873!4*56)70&68!68!CD!EF!G0)70!4*26B&0B,!
"#$!!
!
$%&'()!*+#,-!./01!23!4225!6!%1!78)!9:(2;2/%<!=2'<)<!<82>%1&!?);2<%7!$+!4);(2@':)@!3(25!A07/%1&!
6BCB+!
"#"!!
!
%&'()*!+,#-.!/0&))(1!23)!4)56!7*158&0!%,!9.$,!:*1)5;(<*;!4)56!=30>&?'!9@-@,!
!
%&'()*!+,#A.!B('!4)56!7*158&0!%,!9.$,!:*1)5;(<*;!4)56!=30>&?'!9@-@,!
!
%&'()*!+,#@.!:**;!<(1!4)56!7*158&0!%,!9.$,!:*1)5;(<*;!4)56!=30>&?'!9@-@,!
!
!
!
"#$!!
!
$%&'()!*+*,-!./01!23!4'%/5%1&!6!07!82992:!:;2<%1&!7;)!/2=07%21!23!7;)!>%/1+!?)@(25'=)5!3(%9!?'77)(!
",,#+!
!
$%&'()!*+*A-!B@%(0/!5)=2(07%21!21!='@!3(29!7;)!82992:!>%/1+!?)@(25%=)5!3(29!B;0<!)7!0/!",,A+!
"##!!
!
%&'()*!$+$",!-./.0123!4&01!)**5!5*62).0&27!8)29!01*!-29923!:&/7+!;7!<1.4!*0!./!"==>+!
!
%&'()*!$+$?,!<&9@/*!@/.70!920&8!27!2A./B92(01*5!.9@12).!8)29!01*!-29923!3:&7+!C*@)25(6*5!8)29!
<1.4!*0!./!"==>+!
!
%&'()*!$+$#,!D.):B27BE&'10!@.00*)7*5!5*62).0&27!27!6(@!8)29!01*!.)*.!28!01*!-&/7!.0!-29923+!
C*@)25(6*5!8)29!<1.4!*0!./!"==>+!
"#$!!
!
%&'()*!+,++-!./010')23/!4/05&6'!1/*!4(77*44&06!08!9:!;<!26=!)*>21*=!8&>>4!&6!1/*!?0(1/@A*41!B0(4*4,!
C*3)0=(7*=!8)0D!:27E062>=!"FGG,!
!
%&'()*!+,+$-!9:!;!43>211*)!=*70)21&06!8)0D!1/*!?1)21!=*304&14,!
"#$!!
!
%&'()*!+,+$-!.&/01*!'*2/*3)&4!5*42)63&27!8)2/!39*!:;!<!427&461!4(0!5*02=&3=!
!
%&'()*!+,+>-!?*0)*=*7363&2761!5*42)63&27!8)2/!39*!:;!<!427&461!4(0!5*02=&3=!
"#$!!
!
%&'()*!+,+-.!/&00*)*12!3&145!60!2)&738*95:8;22*)!4*76);2&61!0)6<!2=*!>?!@A9@@!B2);2!4*:65&25,!
!
%&'()*!+,CD.!?;)&1*!52E8*!4*76);2&61!0)6<!F;8;&3;52)6G!A(&84&1'!H,!I.J,!K*:)64(7*4!0)6<!B;73*22!;14!
F6:=;<!I-LD,!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
"#$!!
!
%&'()*!+,-./!012345!6)47!89:9&;9<3)4=!>(&:?&5'!@,!./A,!0*B)4?(C*?!6)47!D9C;*33!95?!84B197!.$EF,!
!
%&'()*!+,-"/!0*B)*<*5393&459:!?*C4)93&45!45!G('!6)47!H*::!+E-,!./A,!0*B)4?(C*?!6)47!I93J9;&!"FFE,!
"#$!!
!
%&'()*!#+,-.!/&012*!3*45)67&58!58!9('!:)50!;*22!#<,+!=.-+!>*1)53(4*3!:)50!?67@6A&!"$$<+!
!
!!
!! !
%&'()*!#+,B.!C85DD*3!601E5)6!F&7E!7)&4A2*!:)50!;*22!#<,+!=.-+!>*1)53(4*3!:)50!?67@6A&!"$$<+!
"#$!!
!
%&'()*!!#+,#-!./01!23!4(&/5&1'!67!&1!.8*&)0+!9*:)25(;*5!3)2<!4012(!$==>+!
!
%&'()*!#+,,-!?*2<*@)&;!015!)*:)*8*1@0@&210/!5*;2)0@&21!21!;(:8!3)2<!@A*!B08*//0+!$-C+!9*:)25(;*5!
3)2<!4012(!$==>+!
"#$!!
!
$%&'()!#*+,-!./0%1!23!45)!./04)%0!6'%/7%1&!%1!.8)%(0*!9):(27';)7!3(2<!$/2=7!>??@*!
!!
! !
$%&'()!#*+@-!9):()8)1404%21!017!&)2<)4(%;!7);2(04%21!21!;':8!3(2<!45)!./04)%0!A'%/7%1&*!>-B*!
9):(27';)7!3(2<!$/2=7!>??@*!
!!
$%&'()!#*+?-!C);2(04)7!85)(78!3(2<!45)!30D07)!23!A'%/7%1&!AE*!>-B*!9):(27';)7!3(2<!A)401;2'(4!
>???0*!
"#"!!
! !
!
%&'()*!#+,-.!/012!34!5(&06&2'!57!&2!/8*&)1+!9*:)36(;*6!4)3<!5*=12;3()=!>???1+!
!
"#$!!
!!
!
%&'()*!#+,-.!/*01)23*4!0(56!7)18!9(&:4&;'!9<+!-.=+!>*5)14(0*4!7)18!%:1?4!-@@@+!
!
!
%&'()*!#+,".!A:2;!17!3B*!B1(6*6!23!3B*!C)3&62;6D!E(2)3*)F!G10B:16+!>*5)14(0*4!7)18!H1:*6!*3!2:+!
"II=2+!
!
!
"#$!!
!
$%&'()!#*+,-!./01!23!45)!30(652'7)!04!850/%1262'(%*!9):(2;'<);!3(26!=2/)7!)4!0/*!">>,?*!
!
$%&'()!#*+@-!92'1;);!<':!;):%<4%1&!75%:7!3(26!A2<5/27*!B24!%1!7<0/)*!9):(2;'<);!3(26!CB=DE.!
E<0;)6%<!.()77!F)?7%4)*!
!
$%&'()!#*+#-!!E/0?074(21!;)<2(04);!F%45!3/)<G7!3(26!45)!E(4%7017H!I'0(4)(*!J-,*!9):(2;'<);!3(26!
K0(10(;!)4!0/*!">>,*!
"##!!
!
%&'()*!#+,$-!.('!/&01!)**2!2*34)50&46!7)48!01*!9)0&:56:;!<(5)0*)+!=->+!?*@)42(3*2!7)48!A5)65)2!*0!
5B+!"CC>+!
!
%&'()*!#+,,-!?*@)*:*6050&465B!2*34)50&46!46!:&2*D:@4(0*2!E5)!7)48!01*!9)0&:56:;!<(5)0*)+!=->+!
?*@)42(3*2!7)48!A5)65)2!*0!5B+!"CC>+!
!
%&'()*!#+,F-!9)'465(0!840&7!7)48!G431B4:+!=-"+!?*@)42(3*2!7)48!A5)65)2!*0!5B+!"CC>+!
"#$!!
!
%&'()*!#+$,-!.('!/*01)23*/!4&35!6027*!8233*)9+!:-;+!<*8)1/(0*/!=)1>!?2)92)/!*3!27+!"@@;+!
"#$!!
!
%&'()*!#+$,-!./&))(0!12)!3&/4!0&534**6!78/&9:!9)87!;8<468:+!=->+!?*0)8@(<*@!9)87!A2)52)@!*/!26+!
",,>+!
!
%&'()*!#+$=-!B&)&98)7!12)!3&/4!&5<&:*@!6&66C!9)87!;8<468:+!=-D+!?*0)8@(<*@!9)87!A2)52)@!*/!26+!",,>+!
!
"#$!!
!
%&'()*!#+,"-!.*/0*1)&2!3*2/)41&/5!/5!67!88!91)41!3*:/;&1;+!
!
%&'()*!#+,<-!9&0:=*!453!2/0:=*>!)*:)*;*5141&/54=!3*2/)41&/5!?)/0!67!88!91)41!3*:/;&1;+!
!
%&'()*!#+,@-!A*2/)41&/5!/5!67!888B"!;C*)3;!?)/0!1C*!91)41!3*:/;&1;+!
!
"#$!!
!
%&'()*!+,-+.!/*01)23&14!14!56!7778!9:*);9!<)1=!3:*!>3)23!;*?19&39,!
!
%&'()*!+,-#.!>0:*=23&0!)*?)*9*4323&142@!;*01)23&14!14!56!777A!9:*);9!<)1=!3:*!>3)23!;*?19&39,!
!
%&'()*!+,-B.!C:*!?D)2=&;2@!:&*)2)0:D!1<!'1E@*39!9(''*93*;!<1)!/*?19&3!F,!G*?)1;(0*;!<)1=!
620;142@;!24;!H42??*33!"$$B,!
!
"#$!!
%
&!
!
!"#$%&'()*+',-"./&0'0&12%-/"2.'3"/4'/4&'-55&-%-.1&'26'6723&%'#-%7-.08'2.'97$&'5-"./&0'-:542%-&';-<'
*+*=>'-.0'":"/-/"2.'26'/"&';9<'*+?>)'@&5%20$1&0'6%2:'A25&'*BCB';->'-.0'D2$%%"-$'&/'-7)'E==F';9>'
!!
!"#$%&'()E+'D7$&'5-"./&0'622/&0'#297&/'6%2:'G:-%.-)'*+?)'@&5%20$1&0'6%2:'@28&'E==H)'
!
"#$!!
!!
!"#$%&'()*+',-$./&/'01%2'3%-4'541%.16'7-481%".#'891".':";<'=9$&'81".;&/)'>+?)',&8%-/$7&/'3%-4'
,-2&'@AAB)'
!
"#"!!
!
!"#$%&'()*+',-.'/0'1#2.3'45/6"7#'4"3&4'-7-829&:)';:-.3&:'0%/<'=&<.'>??()'
!
!!
!"#$%&'()@+'A-88'48&7:&%'7&BC&:'D-%'0%/<'=/<'E-F"-G'8&H&8'III-)'J+*)'E&.%/:$B&:'0%/<'K/$%%"-$'>?J?)''
!
!
!
!
"#$!!
!!
!
!!
!"#$%&'()(*'+&,,&-'./0',1&%0,'23'4-$&'5."/6&0'0",1'675&'3%28'928':.4".)';*<)':&5%20$=&0'3%28'
>2$%%".$'?@;@)'
!
!!
!"#$%&'()A*'B.--',-&/0&%'/&=C&0'D.%'3%28'928':.4".E'-&F&-'GG4)';*<)':&5%20$=&0'3%28'>2$%%".$'?@;@)'
!
!
!"#$%&'()H*'I.%'0&=2%.6&0'J"61'K.612%L,'3.=&'3%28'M&"%'&-NO&0"/.)'P0.56&0'3%28'Q.#&-';RSH)'
!
!
"#$!!
!
!"#$%&'()*+',-%'.&/0%-1&.'2"13'4-%535/-6&'7%04'8&"%'&9:;&."<-)'=.-61&.'7%04'>-#&9'?*@A)'
!
"#$!!
!
!"#$%&'()*+,'-./0'12'34&'5/"0'64/7&.'/08'900&:&';<+)'=&7%18$>&8'2%1?'=1@&'*AB()'
!
"##!!
!!
!"#$%&'()**+',-$&'./"01&2'3/%'4%56'17&'8/"0'97/.&-)'*+:)';&.%52$<&2'4%56';5=&'*>?()'
!
"#$!!
!
!"#$%&'()*+,'-./'01'23&'4.55&6'70%89&:;<'="55.#&'.:6'.;;0>".2&6'.%&.;)'?&/%06$>&6'1%09'@9.%:.'
?&/0%2;'*AB()'
!
"#$!!
!
!"#$%&'()*+,'-./0'12'34&'01%34&%0'4/.2'12'34&'56/%0/'7$%8&9':41;"0#'<$/03"3"&:'12'=.$&'>/"03&?'
>133&%9)'5?/>3&?'2%16'@1:&'*ABA=)'
!
!
!"#$%&'()*C,'-./0'12'34&':1$34&%0'4/.2'12'34&'56/%0/'7$%8&9)'@&>%1?$D&?'2%16'@1:&'*ABA=)'
!
"#$!!
!!
!"#$%&'()*+,'-".&%"/&'01&/&'2%34'56%'"/'78&'7349'32':3%&48&9)'*,;)'-&<%3=$1&='2%34'>3$%%"6$'&7'6?)'
@AA+)'
!
!
!"#$%&'()*(,'>?$&'<6"/7&='2$//&?B/&1C&='56%'D"78'2?$7"/#'2%34'E6/7"%)'-&<%3=$1&='2%34'F/#&?'&7'6?)'
@AA*)'
!
"#$!!
!
!"#$%&'()*+,'-./01%2'13'$454164'/%17&4248&'81.9"4"4#'3:$;"4#<'9:$&'/2"4;'24='%&:"&3'&:&.&4;>)'?,'
(@8.)'A&/%1=$8&='3%1.'?1/&'*BC@)'
!
!
!
!
!
!
"#$!!
!
!"#$%&'()*+,'-.$&'/0"12&3'/422&%5'3&64%02&3'7"28'.42$9'#0%.0139'"1'28&'/0"12"1#9':%4;'28&'24;<'4:'
=&<0;$1)'>&/%43$6&3':%4;'-%"2"98'?$9&$;'7&<9"2&)'
!
!
!"#$%&'()*@,'A&/"62"41'4:'/42'92013'3&64%02&3'7"28':.47&%'#0%.013':%4;'28&'B;0%10'C0.06&)'
>&/%43$6&3':%4;'D&028&%8&03'EFFG)'
"#"!!
!
!"#$%&'()*+',-.'/0'12.%$3'4"56'&7.6-3"3'/8'9-5&',1:;1'3"5&3)'<&.%/=$>&='0%/7'?8-..'@A*BC'
!
"#$!!
!
!"#$%&'()*+',-./'01'2$"-3"/#'45+'6&7%03$8&3'1%09':0-&9./';<<=)'
!
"#$!!
!
!"#$%&'()*+',-.-/0#$&1'23&%12'"45/$1"4#'"45"2&1'6%07'8007'9)',0/&7-4':;;<)'
!"#$%&'()=+'>/-"4'-41'2"7?/&'"45"2&1'?0..&%@'6%07'8007'9)',0/&7-4':;;<)'
!
"#$!!
!"#$%&'()*+',-".&'/0"1.&2'34..&%5'6%47'8447'9)':4;&701'<==>)'
!
!"#$%&'()>+'?0%@"'A;41"0'/-0B&'C)'8&3%42$D&2'6%47'!%01@&;'012',&EE'<==>+'&;&D.%41"D'6";&)'
!
"#$!!
!"#$%&'()(*'+&,-%./&0'1&0'2-3"45&0'6-734'8%-9':.%;"'<3-=".)'1&>%-0$,&0'8%-9'!%.=;&3'.=0'?&66'
@AAB)'
!
!"#$%&'()C*'+&,-%./&0'1&0'2-3"45&0'D$#4'8%-9':.%;"'<3-=".)'1&>%-0$,&0'8%-9'!%.=;&3'.=0'?&66'
@AAB)'
!
"##!!
!"#$%&'()*+',-%."'/012"-3'40-2'5617"2#'8129&:9';<<<3=)'>&?%1@$A&@'B%1C'!%-2.&0'-2@'D&EE'FGGH+'
&0&A9%12"A'B"0&)'
!
"#$!!
!"#$%&'()*+,'-.$/.$0'1"2&'3)'4&5%.6$7&6'8%.9':$//;-<2$%"'=++>)'
!
"#$!!
!"#$%&'()**+',&-.%/0&1'2.00&%3'4%.5'6.57'89)':1/20&1'4%.5',$;;<=/0$%"'>??@)'
!
!"#$%&'()*>+'A$B0"2B&'C/D&'4%.5'6.57'8E)'F&2%.1$-&1'4%.5',$;;<=/0$%"'>??@)
!
!
!
"#$!!
!"#$%&'()*+,'-./0'12'34&'3156'7158.&9'"0':&0&"/)';&8%1<$7&<'2%15'!%/0=&.'/0<''>&66'?@@()'
!
!
!"#$%&'()*A,';&."&2'/0"5/.'10';-'BBB'C$#'2%15':&0&"/)'D1'E7/.&)';&8%1<$7&<'2%15'!%/0=&.'/0<'>&66'
?@@()'
!
"#$!!
!
!"#$%&'()*+,'-./"0&1'1&/2%34"2.'2.'56'783/9:;2<<&1'=2>80'?%2@'A&.&"3)'B2'0/38&)'5&<%21$/&1'?%2@'
!%3.9&8'3.1'C&=='DEE()'
!
!
!"#$%&'()*F,'-./"0&1'1&/2%34"2.'2.'783/9'628"0G&1'=2>80'?%2@'A&.&"3)'B2'0/38&)'5&<%21$/&1'?%2@'
!%3.9&8'3.1'C&=='DEE()'
!
"#"!!
!"#$%&'()*(+',&-"&.'/&01%23"14'14',5666'78&%/7'.%19':&4&"2)';/2<3&/'.%19'!%24=&-'24/'>&??'@AA()'
!
"#$!!
!"#$%&'()*+,'-./"0&1'23---'4$#0'5.1'4$#6&70'8%9:';&.&"5)'<15=7&1'8%9:'!%5.>&6'5.1'?&@@'ABB()'
!
"#$!!
!"#$%&'()*+,'-./"0&1'1&/2%34"2.'2.'5&1'627"08&1'973/:';2<<&1'=2>70'?%2@'A&.&"3)'5&<%21$/&1'?%2@'
!%3.:&7'3.1'B&=='CDD()'
!
"#$!!
!
!"#$%&'()*+,'-."/0&1'23&%12'4%56'7%&/83'9'.0':.;5<2"13.)'=&<%51$8&1'4%56'Åström 1966.
!
!
!"#$%&'()*>,'-."/0&1'23&%12'4%56'7%&/83'?'.0':.;5<2"13.)'=&<%51$8&1'4%56'Åström 1966
!
"#$!!
!
!
!"#$%&'()**+',-./-0"1&'234'56"1&'72"31&4'06&%40'8%-.'93:-.";'<&=&>'?;'?%&2'@)'A+*;'"8'3-'-16&%'0B2>&)'
C&/%-4$B&4'8%-.'D":2"-0'AEFE)'
!
!
!"#$%&'()*G+',-./-0"1&'234'56"1&'72"31&4'06&%40'8%-.'93:-.";'<&=&>'?;'?%&2'@@@)'A+*;'"8'3-'-16&%'
0B2>&)'C&/%-4$B&4'8%-.'D":2"-0'AEFE)'
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
"#$!!
!
!"#$%&'()*+,'-&./01/23456'74"18&.'9:&%.9';%0<'=&>&3'?@'?%&4'AAA)'B,*'";'10'08:&%'9543&)'-&C%0.$5&.'
;%0<'D"64"09'BEFE)'
!
!
!"#$%&'()*G,'-&./01/23456'74"18&.'9:&%.9';%0<'=&>&3'?@'?%&4'A)'B,*'";'10'08:&%'9543&)'-&C%0.$5&.'
;%0<'D"64"09'BEFE)'
!
"##!!
!!
!"#$%&'()*+,'-&./01234'51"6'7-&8&%9&.'51"6:'62";<&.'8=&%.8>'?&9&1'@A>'A%&28'@'2;.'@@@)'-&6%B.$3&.'
C%BD'E%&F&'*GG()'
!
!
!"#$%&'()*(,'0"3=%BD&'F=&&1D2.&'62";<&.'8=&%.8'C%BD'?&9&1'@A>'A%&2'@@@)'H,*)'-&6%B.$3&.'C%BD'
E%&F&'*GG()'
!
"#$!!
!
!"#$%&'()*+,'-%.$/0'123/'.4'5"6.7"823)'9&1%.0$:&0'4%.;'<$26'=>>*)'
!
"#$!!
!"#$%&'()*+,'-./"0'12"3&'4533&%6'1"32'%&."&7'8&95%/3"50'7%5:';"35<"=./)'>&4%58$9&8'7%5:'?$.3'@++*)'
!
"#$!!
!
!!
!"#$%&'()*+,'-"./%01&'2/&&3145&'6/&%56'7%01'8"90:";34)'<&=%05$.&5'7%01'>$39'?@@A)'
!
"#"!!
!!
!"#$%&'()*+,'-.&%/0'1%23'4.&'$5/&%674&%'/&820"4'74'97%25":;07%2$<<70)'=&8%2/$>&/'1%23'9755"5#'
&4'7?)'@AA@)'
!
"#$!!
!!
!"#$%&'()*+,'-%./.012"/&'34"5'678'12"/&'34"5'9':2&%8:';%.<'=7>.<"?'@%&6'9)'A&5%.8$B&8';%.<'C">6".:'
DEFE)'
!
!
!"#$%&'()**,'=7>.<"?'12"/&'34"5'99'G.H4:';%.<'@%&6:'9'678'999?'I&J&4'99@)'D,+)'A&5%.8$B&8';%.<'C">6".:'
DEFE)'
!
!"#$%&'()*K,'=7>.<"?'L6:&'A"7#'9'H6%&';%.<'@%&6'999)'D,+'";'7.'./2&%':B64&)'A&5%.8$B&8';%.<'C">6".:'
DEFE)'
!
"#$!!
!!
!"#$%&'()*+,'-"./%01&'2/&&3145&'6/&%56'7%01'89:01";'<&=&3'>-;'?%&4'>>>)'@,A)'B&C%05$.&5'7%01'
D%&2&'AEE()''
!
"#$!!
!
!"#$%&'()*+,'-."/&'01"2/&3'-.&&4513&'6'7.&%37'8%95':2;95"<'=%&1'666<'>&?&4'6@)'A&B%93$C&3'8%95'
D%&E&'FGG()'
!
"#$!!
!
!"#$%&'()*(+',-".&'/0"1.&2',-&&3402&'55'6-&%26'7%84'91:84";'<%&0'555;'=&>&3'55<)'?&@%82$A&2'7%84'
B%&C&'DEE()'
!
"#$!!
!
!"#$%&'()*+,'-./0'1+21'34'567./")'8&9%.:$;&:'<%./'=3#3%;&'36:'=3#3%;&'1>+2)'
!
!
!"#$%&'()*>,'?.44&%@'#%.$9'"6'-./0'1+21)'8&9%.:$;&:'<%./'=3#3%;&'36:'=3#3%;&'1>+2)''
!
"#$!!
!
!"#$%&'()*+,'-."/&'01"2'3'45617'8%59':594';<=;)'>&2%5?$@&?'8%59'AB#B%@&'BC?'AB#B%@&';D<=)'
!
!
!"#$%&'()*;,'EB7&'>"C#'3'F&77&17'8%59':594';<=;)'G?B2/&?'8%59'AB#B%@&'BC?'AB#B%@&';D<=)'
!
!
!"#$%&'()*H,'-."/&'IB"C/&?'JBC?9B?&'BC?'E"@.%59&'F&77&17'8%59':594';<=;)'>&2%5?$@&?'8%59'
AB#B%@&'BC?'AB#B%@&';D<=)'
!
!
"##!!
!
!"#$%&'()*+,'-./0'12'/%&/'12'3/./'4$.5/0'6&77&'891:"0#'.1;/5"10'12'51<=8)'>&?%1@$;&@'2%1<'
A/%/#&1%#9"8'BC(D)'
!
!
!"#$%&'*)**,'E9"5&'4."?'/0@'FG?%1HIG;&0/&/0'89&%@8'2%1<'61<='JK'3/./'4$.5/0'6&77&)'>&?%1@$;&@'
2%1<'A/%/#&1%#9"8'BC(D)'
"##!!
!
"#$%&'!()*+!,-.!/0!12'!3/%12'&4!5'6-41!32/7#4$!12'!3#1'3!31%8#'8)!98-.1'8!0&/:!;'&'</6!=>>?)!
!
"#$!!
!
!"#$%&'()*+',-"./&0'12//&%3'4%25'6&#"0027'8&9&:'!;<=-)'>0-1/&0'4%25'?-02/'&/'-:)'*==@)'
!
!
!"#$%&'()A+',%&;,-:-B&'CC'1-"./&0'-.0'".B"D&0'12//&%3'4%25'>1E&F)'G&1%20$B&0'4%25'H-0".'*==I)'
!
"#$!!
!
!"#$%&'()*+',"-.%/0&'12"34&5'6&77&8'9%/0':1.&;<'=>*)'?&1%/5$-&5'9%/0'@25/4'ABBC)'
!
!
!"#$%&'()D+'E&88'&8FG2.$5"H&.'I$#8&47'9%/0'J2K%"<'E/0K'C(*)'?&1%/5$-&5'9%/0'J&01"37;"'&4'28)'ABBA'
!
"#"!!
!
!"#$%&'()*+',"-.%/0&'1&-/%23"/4'/4'/5&4'6&77&87'9%/0':&8';&6/%2<.)'=&5%/1$-&1'9%/0'>3&%4'?@(A)'
!
!
!"#$%&'()B+'C&77&87'D"3.'$4$7$28'1&-/%23"/4'9%/0':&8';&6/%2<.)'=&5%/1$-&1'9%/0'>3&%4'?@(A)'
!
!
!
!
"#$!!
!
!"#$%&'()(*'+,"-.&/'0,%'1%23'4&5'6,78"789':.%,.$3';<=)'>&?%2/$@&/'1%23'A&-'42%',-/'A2-1"5'BCCD)'
!
!
!"#$%&'()E*''+,"-.&/'F&77&57'1%23'4&5'6,78"789':.%,.$3'G;;A)'>&?%2/$@&/'1%23'A&-H42%',-/'A2-1"5'
BCCD)'
!
"#$!!
!
!"#$%&'()*+,'-."/0&1'2300&%4'5%36'738/&9.6:';0%.0$6'<<=:'>%&.'>*)'?&2%31$@&1'5%36'A&/'>6"'B++C)'
!
!
!"#$%&'()**,'?&1'DE"0&'./1'AF$&'D.%&'5%36'A&0E';E&./:'?GH'./1'?GC)'?&2%31$@&1'5%36'I."&%'B++J)'
!
!
!"#$%&'()*B,'KE3@3F.0&G3/GDE"0&'L.%&'5%36'?GM'.0'A&0E';E&./)'?&2%31$@&1'5%36'I."&%'B++J)'
!
"#$!!
!
!"#$%&'()*+,'-."/0&1'203%.#&'4.%'056&2'7"08'6."/0&1'1&93%.0"3/':%3;'<&='>.0.28)'?&6%31$9&1':%3;'
-./"0@AB38&/'CDDE)'
!
"#$!!
!
!"#$%&'()*+,'-"..&%&/0'1$23045&1'6.'57"/0&8'2"96/"97:';&11&:1'.%6<'=&:'>7071?)'@8750&8'.%6<'A7/"0B3
C6?&/'DEEF)'
!
!
!"#$%&'()*G,'-&96%70&8'966H"/#'7/8'106%7#&';&11&:1'.%6<'=&::'&:3I74470)'@8750&8'.%6<'!7:96/&%'
*JJG)'
!
"#$!!
!
!"#$%&'()*+,'-./"0&12'%&3"&456773"&1'6.1'76".8&1'1&/9%68"9.'4%9:';68.6)'<1678&1'4%9:'4%9:'-6:9."'
=>*=)'
!
"#$!!
!
!"#$%&'()*+,'-."/0&1'1&23%.0"3/'4%35'6.0/.)'71.80&1'4%35'9.53/"':;*:)'
!
!
!"#$%&'()*(,'-."/0&1'8300&%<'4%35'=&>>'?"@.A'B&%.5"2'B358>&C'D)'*,E)'71.80&1'4%35'F"/G.#'*HH()'
!
"#$!!
!!
!"#$%&'()*+,'-."/0&1'./1'"/2"3&1'4500&%6'7%58'9&::';"<.='>&%.8"2'>584:&?'@)'*,A)'B&4%51$2&1'7%58'
C"/D.#'*++()'
!
!
!"#$%&'()EF,'G/2"3&1'305%.#&'H.%3'7%58'9&::'I.1"1")'B&4%51$2&1'7%58'J5%/&8.//'*+(*)'
!
!
!"#$%&'()E*,'G/2"3&1'./1'4."/0&1'K;'4500&%6'7%58'L88'&:MK.%%.)'B&4%51$2&1'7%58'N2OD.%P'&0'.:)'
EFFF)'''
!
"##!!
!
!"#$%&'()**+',"-./%"01'2%0.&%'3%/4'.5&'678-&90&09':/4;<'0.'=09)'>&?%/@$-&@'3%/4'A&9B=/C'*DD*)'
!
"#$!!
!
!"#$%&'()*+,'-$."'/0%&'1%23'4&55'67890:0)';9&%<=':27'":'=805&)'>&?%2<$8&<'1%23';$30@0A"'*BCB)'
!
!
!"#$%&'()*D,'-$."'/0%&'1%23'4&55'E%0@)'C,D)'>&?%2<$8&<'1%23'F1G5.:&%'*BBH)'
"#"!!
APPENDIX A
!"#$%&"'($) *$($"' +(,-# ./0#1$2'%3$4"'# 5/2#1$2'%3$4"'# 6,-20)
.7#$ !"#" !"#" .7#$ !"#" !"#" .7#$ !"#" !"#" .7#$ !"#" !"#" .7#$ !"#" !"#"
./028$ 90":7#, ./028$ 90":7#, ./028$ 90":7#, ./028$ 90":7#, ./028$ 90":7#,
;<<<=>?@< A'/))/)B%
!$-/)7#)%*=
.#"#7)#78":%
#"C:$)%"'D%
E7(1 F$:%
G$(7DD/
!$)827-#74$ 3/H +C:" !$)827-#74$% 3/H *:"IC2"%
!"#$$%&
.#"#7)#78":%
#"C:$)
G$D70IJE7
(1
! 8"#":/(0$
G"2K7% .#"#7)#78":% E7(1
F$:%*-1$K 6"#":/(0$ G$D70I '(")*+ #"C:$)%"'D%
$:$8#2/'78%
F$:%A"C27 !$)827-#74$ 3/H
D"#"C")$
F$:%9")17)1 6"#":/(0$ G$D70I
A/II/)B% L"2#7":% G$D70I M/NO'$"I 6"#":/(0$ G$D70I A7))/'$2("% P'=#$Q# 3/H
6$'#2":% )#"#7)#78":% ,-+(*+
E7::)7D$ #"C:$)%"'D% R$#1%.1$"' P'=#$Q#%"'D% 3/H
8"#":/(0$ D$)827-#74$ F$::%R7O" .#"#7)#78":% G$D70I% R$::"-"7)% 6"#":/(0$ E7(1
#"C:$) ."#)"#&
L$::" .#"#7)#78":% G$D70I
#"C:$)
G":7"B% 6"#":/(0$ E7(1 A":"4")/)% P'=#$Q# G$D70I
R07:D7'(%* 3"817)1% 6"#":/(0$ G$D70I SII%$:= !$)827-#74$% 3/H #/IC)
G"22"
L1"7)#/)% !$)827-#74$ 3/H !$'$7"% P'=#$Q# 3/H
-":"8$ 8$I$#$27$)
T"12"#%"D1= !$)827-#74$% 3/H
!12"O%>% "'D%
)#"#7)#78":%
#"C:$)
G/'")#72"K7 .$:$8#74$% 3/H F$::%$:= !$)827-#74$ 3/H%
A"#":7I"#" 8"#":/(0$ E",,"#%
>?@<=>U<< A'/))/)B%
GSG
!$)827-#74$ 3/H G$(7DD/ 6"#":/(0$ G$D70I 9"#'" !$)827-#74$% 3/H
"'D%7'=#$Q#
A":/-)7D1"= .#"#7)#78":%
'/*"&0 #"C:$)%"'D%
G$D70I
1+-"2"& 2$"'":,)7)
M/NO'$"I 6"#":/(0$ G$D70I
A'/))/)B% 6"#":/(0$ E7(1 +'K/I7 .#"#7)#78":% G$D70I
*K2/-/:7)% #"C:$)
E/0)$) R$#1%.1$"' P'=#$Q#%"'D% 3/H
D$)827-#74$
A/II/)B% 6"#":/(0$ E7(1 57#/47K:" .#"#7)#78":% G$D70I
6$'#2":% L$::" .#"#7)#78":% G$D70I +C:" !$)827-#74$% 3/H #"C:$)%"'D%
E7::)7D$ #"C:$) 2$"'":,)7)
L":"7K")#2/ 6"#":/(0$ E7(1 F$:%R"#")1 !$)827-#74$% 3/H SII%$:= !$)827-#74$% 3/H G"2/'7% 6"#":/(0$ G$D70I
G"22" 3&+4"#--+&
3"817)1% 6"#":/(0$ G$D70I
A/II/)B% P'=#$Q# E7(1 E"V/2 6"#":/(0$ G$D70I F/IC%>B% 6"#":/(0$ G$D70I
A7:' W":7'/-/2'7
314
210
!"##$!%## &'(')*'+,-. /0$,12,3'043
5','(.671
8.9:;14)
7<3=.-3
;1<BA)+ C','(.6713
'043)0$,12,
;14)7< ;16)44. D1+5-)B,)E1 8.9 F',0' D1+5-)B,)E13 8.9
'043)0$,12,
G0*.<) H,',)+,)5'(3
,'I(1+
;14)7<
>.7+13?@3 JBA1* C','(.671 ;14)7<

>)6A3=.-3 G0*.<)@3 C','(.671 ;14)7<
91((+ K1(3 D1+5-)B,)E1 8.9 K.<I3!LM!
&+1)-' H,',)+,)5'(3 ;14)7< ;'(*',' /0$,12, ;14)7< ;1E.-'*A
,'I(1+3'043
5','(.671 K1(3F'+A)+A C','(.671 ;14)7< K1((3>'4)4) C','(.671 ;14)7<3 J,A)10.7 D1+5-)B,)E1 8.9
;.5A(.+ H,',)+,)5'(3 ;14)7< KA1I1+ D1+5-)B,)E1 8.9 N.OP01'< C','(.671 ;14)7<

,'I(1+3'043
5','(.671 &1((' H,',)+,)5'(3 ;14)7<
,'I(1+ Q<<31($ D1+5-)B,)E13 8.9
;'--'
K1(3R','+A D1+5-)B,)E1@ 8.93,.3
)0$,12,3'043 <14)7<
5','(.671
>'S.- C','(.671 ;14)7<
;1<BA)+ C','(.6713 ;14)7< ;16)44. H,',)+,)5'(3 ;14)7< F',0' D1+5-)B,)E13 8.9 G0*.<) H,',)+,)5'(3 ;14)7<
!%##$!T## '043)0$,12,3 K'I(1+ '043)0$,12, ,'I(1+
KA1I1+ D1+5-)B,)E1 8.9 JBA1* C','(.671 ;14)7<
N.OP01'< C','(.671 ;14)7< H'0)4A' /0$,12, ;14)7<
J<'-0' H,',)+,)5'(@3 8.93=.-3 &1((' H,',)+,)5'(3 ;14)7<
)0$,12,3'043 C.J3 ,'I(1+
41+5-)B,)E1 B7I()5',).0
+@3;14)7<3 K1(3R','+A D1+5-)B,)E13 8.9
,.3>)6A3=.-3 '043)0$,12,
-1510, 8'5A)+A3 C','(.671 ;14)7< >'('3H7(,'03 C','(.671 ;14)7<
K1**13
K.<I+
K.<I+3.=3 C','(.6713 8.93,.3
;1<BA)+:H '043+A'B13 ;14)7< U'('E'+.+ D1+5-)B,)E1 8.9
'OO'-' 5.-B7+
F'0,)- D1+5-)B,)E1 8.9
315
211
APPENDIX B
!"#$%&'$(($))$*+*, !-./012 *340 !053'67.810 97.810
:;;$1-08<1 =>?@ !A78.B0 C > &?

97.810 &? !5.;;$7/04 &=C? &DE C
!053'67.810 &C&@ (0<3F5$7/04 &G DC C
*340 &>@& !5.;;$6;710< EC% &= C
977H34B E=C (0<3F5$6;710< EC D>@ C
!F8I.60$A80.A504A1 97.810 !053'67.810 *340
J4A80.A0< &= @EK=L &D> &DK=L >C EK=L

!577A-0<'1;3//0< & >KEL E%= EDK@L &%% &=KCL
MF8431-0<'/7;31-0< CKCL CKCL G CKEL
(7476-8750 = &CK>L E?E E%KDL &&E= D=K>L
N836H;0'1/;.AA08 CKCL D CKDL &= CK%L
M.4<1 !35/;0 G =&K&L GG GKEL &CE @K@L
975/;0O CKCL CKCL &= CK%L
!35/;0$P7;Q6-8750 CKCL CKCL @ CKGL
975/;0O$P7;Q6-8750 CKCL CKCL G CKEL
R0;30I+S.8S7A340 CKCL = CK=L D CKGL
)46310< CKCL CKCL G CKEL
)5/80110<$.4<$/.34A0< CKCL CKCL CKCL
R7/0+$A-F5S CKCL CKCL CKCL
,0750A836 !35/;0 CKCL && &K&L == &KGL
975/;0O CKCL & CK&L E CK=L
!35/;0$P7;Q6-8750 CKCL & CK&L &C CK@L
975/;0O$P7;Q6-8750 CKCL CKCL & CK&L
R0/80104A.A374.; !35/;0 CKCL CKCL E CK=L
975/;0O CKCL CKCL CKCL
!35/;0$P7;Q6-8750 CKCL CKCL CKCL
975/;0O$P7;Q6-8750 CKCL CKCL CKCL
&C&@ &>@&
316
212
!"#$%&'(')#!*+,,*-)#./#, !012('3 456( !(75)8%19'( :%19'(
;<<#'0(9=' >??@ !A%91B( C C D

:%19'( D !71<<#%2(6 E?F ?>? C
!(75)8%19'( ?G@@ /(=5&7#%2(6 HH ??F C
456( HD?G !71<<#8<%'(= HE D C
:%%I56B DHG /(=5&7#8<%'(= ?DE ?C@> C
:%6581<#8&2 ?-DC >H C
!&9J18(#A9(1A7(6A' :%19'( !(75)8%19'( 456(
K6A9(1A(= C*CL F C*>L C*CL

!7%%A0(=)'<522(= F D?*>L >FG GH*>L ?E>H -D*@L
M&965'0(=)2%<5'0(= C*CL C*CL - C*HL
/%6%809%7( ? ?>*GL FCD G-*HL --G H>*>L
N958I<()'2<1AA(9 C*CL G@ H*EL > C*?L
M16=' !572<( C*CL HC@ ?>*@L ED G*HL
:%72<(O C*CL ?G C*@L E C*GL
!572<(#P%<Q809%7( C*CL H C*?L C*CL
:%72<(O#P%<Q809%7( C*CL ? C*?L C*CL
R(<5(JST19T%A56( C*CL G C*HL C*CL
,685'(= C*CL ? C*?L C*CL
,729(''(=#16=#2156A(= C*CL C*CL C*CL
R%2(S#A0&7T C*CL C*CL C*CL
U(%7(A958 !572<( ? ?>*GL ?-? ??*FL @F G*FL
:%72<(O C*CL H C*?L G C*?L
!572<(#P%<Q809%7( C*CL C*CL C*CL
:%72<(O#P%<Q809%7( C*CL C*CL C*CL
R(29('(6A1A5%61<!572<( C*CL G C*HL F C*HL
:%72<(O C*CL C*CL C*CL
!572<(#P%<Q809%7( C*CL C*CL C*CL
:%72<(O#P%<Q809%7( C*CL C*CL C*CL
?G@@ HD?G
317
213
!"#$%&'$()*+,-$.'$/012 !-34*56 78+* !*98',:3)5* ;:3)5*
2<<$5-*)=5 >?@& !A:)3B*

;:3)5* C !93<<$:4*+ @%> >DE
!*98',:3)5* F&D 0*=8G9$:4*+ >H D@
78+* >>&% !93<<$,<:5*= % D
;::I8+B 0*=8G9$,<:5*= >%> DE&
;:+8,3<$,G4 >HE %@
!G)J3,*$A)*3A9*+A5 ;:3)5* !*98',:3)5* 78+*
K+A)*3A*= @ >L?M ? CLEM

!9::A-*='5<844*= DC% FDL>M FD& HEL@M
NG)+85-*='4:<85-*= CLCM CLCM
0:+:,-):9* >E% H>L&M FDC HEL>M
()8,I<*'54<3AA*) % >LFM F CLHM
N3+=5 !894<* FH @L%M @& %LFM
;:94<*O & >L@M >% >LFM
!894<*$P:<Q,-):9* CLCM CLCM
;:94<*O$P:<Q,-):9* CLCM CLCM
R*<8*JST3)T:A8+* CLCM H CLHM
1+,85*= > CLDM > CL>M
194)*55*=$3+=$438+A*= CLCM CLCM
R:4*S$A-G9T CLCM CLCM
U*:9*A)8, !894<* H& %L&M >HE >>LHM
;:94<*O H CL?M DD >L@M
!894<*$P:<Q,-):9* > CLDM CLCM
;:94<*O$P:<Q,-):9* CLCM CLCM
R*4)*5*+A3A8:+3<!894<* >% HLEM %C EL@M
;:94<*O CLCM CLCM
!894<*$P:<Q,-):9* CLCM > CL>M
;:94<*O$P:<Q,-):9* CLCM CLCM
F&D >>&%
318
214

Thesis Volume II - Copyrighted Material Edited Out PDF

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Thesis Volume II - Copyrighted Material Edited Out PDF

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

!"#$%&'#()*+,--%.

A comparative analysis of the decorated pottery of the second millennium

Volume II: Bibliography, Tables, Figures and Appendices

Thesis submitted to University College London for the degree of Doctor

I, Anna Panagiotou, confirm that the work presented in this thesis is my

London, 4th July 2014

Table 5.1: MM I aggregate sample…………………………………………………..89

Table 5.2: Deposit A, Early Magazine A, Knossos………………………………….90

Table 5.3: Surface treatments in Deposit A………………………………………….91

Table 5.4: Deposit B, SW Houses, Knossos…………………………………………92

Table 5.5: Surface treatments in Deposit B…………………………………………..93

Table 5.6: Deposit D, SW Houses, Knossos…………………………………………94

Table 5.7: Surface treatments in Deposit D………………………………………….95

Table 5.9: Surface treatments in Context 6………………………………………….96

Table 5.10: Shapes in Kommos, Context 8, CH38…………………………………..97

Table 5.11: Surface treatments in Context 8…………………………………………97

Table 5.12: Strat deposits- MM II aggregate sample………………………………...98

Table 5.13: Shapes in Kommos, Context 9, MM IIA, CH35 and 36……………….100

Table 5.14: Surface treatments in Context 9………………………………………..100

Table 5.15: Malia, Room I7………………………………………………………...101

Table 5.16: Surface treatments in catalogue, Room I7……………………………..102

Table 5.17: Malia, Room I16……………………………………………………….102

Table 5.18: Surface treatments in catalogue in Room I16………………………….103

Table 5.19: Shapes in Malia, Room III17…………………………………………..103

Table 5.20: Surface treatments in catalogue, Room III17…………………………..104

Table 5.21: Malia, Compartment III7, Surface treatments in catalogue……………104

Table 5.22: Malia, Room III4, Surface treatments in catalogue……………………105

Table 5.24: Stratigraphical Museum deposits, MM III late aggregate sample……..108

Table 5.25:Knossos, Acropolis Houses,Deposit C, Surface treatments in catalogue109

Table 5.27: Kommos, Context 16, Surface treatments in catalogue………………..111

Table 5.28: Shapes in Palaikastro, Building 2, Room 2…………………………….112

Table 5.29:Surface treatments in catalogue in Building 2, Room 2………………..112

Table 5.30: Shapes in Palaikastro, Area 6, Deposit EP87…………………………..113

Table 5.31: Surface treatments in catalogue in Palaikastro, Area 6, Deposit EP87...114

Table 5.32: Palaikastro, Building 6, Room R1……………………………………..115

Table 5.33: Surface treatments in catalogue in Room R1…………………………..115

Table 5.34: Stratigraphical Museum deposits, LM IA aggregate sample…………..117

Table 5.35:Knossos, Acropolis Houses, Deposit F. Surface treatments in catalogue118

Table 5.36: Shapes at Kommos, LM I Kiln and dump……………………………..120

Table 5.37: Surface treatments at Kommos, LM I Kiln and dump…………………120

Table 5.38:Stratigraphical Museum deposits, LM IB-II SW Houses S.VII.4……...121

Table 5.39: Sample from Pyrgos Country House…………………………………..122

Table 5.40: Stratigraphical Museum deposits, LM I aggregate sample…………….124

Table 5.41: Stratigraphical Museum deposit, SW Houses S.VII.4, LM IB-II…...…126

Table 5.42: Shapes in Palaikastro, Building N, Room 18………………………….127

Table 5.43: Shapes at Palaikastro, Well 576………………………………………..128

Table 5.44: Surface treatments at Palaikastro, Well 576…………………...………128

Table 5.45: Pseira, Space AC 10, Inside the Kasella……………………………….130

Table 5.46: Pseira, Space AC10, Outside the “Kasella”……………………………131

Table 5.47: Surface treatments in catalogue in Pseira, AC 10………..……………131

Table 5.51: Pseira, facade of Building BT…………………………………………135

Table 5.52: Mochlos, AQ, Building A, Room 2……………………………………136

Table 5.54: Mochlos, Artisans' Quarter, Building A, Room 4……………………...137

Table 5.55: Mochlos, Artisans' Quarter, Building B, Room 10………………….…138

Table 5.56: Mochlos, AQ, Building B, Room 9……………………………………139

Table 5.58: Mochlos, Chalinomouri, Room 6………………………………………140

Table 5.59: Mochlos, Chalinomouri, Room 2………………………………………140

Table 5.60: Shapes in Mochlos, CH2 sub-floor deposit……………………………140

Table 5.61: Surface treatments in catalogue in Mochlos, CH2 sub-floor deposit….141

Table 5.62: Stratigraphical Museum deposits, LM II aggregate sample…………...142

Table 5.63: Stratigraphical Museum deposits, LM IIIA aggregate sample……..…144

Table 5.64: Stratigraphical Museum deposits, LM IIIB aggregate sample………..146

Table 5.65: Stratigraphical Museum deposits, LM IIIC aggregate sample……..…148