IMPORTANT DATES

Website display of final list of registered

December 10,
candidates, choices of test paper and examination Friday
2010
city
Date for reporting any discrepancy in the choice of December 31,
Friday
examination cities or in the choice of GATE paper 2010
Date for reporting the non-receipt of admit cards for January 20,
Thursday
ONLINE examination papers 2011
Last date for reporting the non-receipt of admit January 31,
Monday
cards for OFFLINE examination papers 2011
January 30,
GATE 2011 Online Examination 2011
Sunday
Papers: GG and TF (09:00 Hrs to
12:00 Hrs)
January 30,
GATE 2011 Online Examination 2011
Sunday
Papers: AE and MN (14:00 Hrs to
17:00 Hrs)
February 13,
GATE 2011 Offline Examination 2011
Sunday
Papers: AR, BT, CE, CH, CS, ME, PH and PI (09:00 Hrs to
12:00 Hrs)
February 13,
GATE 2011 Offline Examination 2011
Sunday
Papers: AG, CY, EC, EE, IN, MA, MT, XE and XL (14:00 Hrs to
17:00 Hrs)
March 15, 2011 
Announcement of results Tuesday
(10:00 Hrs)

  QUALIFYING DISCIPLINE CODES

Electronics & Comm./Electronics Engg./Comm.

18
Engg./Telecommunication Engg.

CONTACT:

Chairman, GATE
Indian Institute of Technology  044-2257 8200 044-2257 8204 gate@iitm.ac.in
Madras, Chennai 600 036

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 SYLLABUS FOR ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING (EC)

Engineering Mathematics

Linear Algebra:

Matrix Algebra, Systems of linear equations, Eigen values and eigen vectors.

Calculus:

Mean value theorems, Theorems of integral calculus, Evaluation of definite and

improper integrals, Partial Derivatives, Maxima and minima, Multiple integrals, Fourier
series. Vector identities, Directional derivatives, Line, Surface and Volume integrals,
Stokes, Gauss and Green's theorems.

Differential equations:

First order equation (linear and nonlinear), Higher order linear differential equations with
constant coefficients, Method of variation of parameters, Cauchy's and Euler's
equations, Initial and boundary value problems, Partial Differential Equations and
variable separable method.

Complex variables:

Analytic functions, Cauchy's integral theorem and integral formula, Taylor's and Laurent'
series, Residue theorem, solution integrals.

Probability and Statistics:

Sampling theorems, Conditional probability, Mean, median, mode and standard

deviation, Random variables, Discrete and continuous distributions, Poisson, Normal
and Binomial distribution, Correlation and regression analysis.

Numerical Methods:

Solutions of non-linear algebraic equations, single and multi-step methods for

differential equations.

Transform Theory:

Fourier transform, Laplace transform, Z-transform.

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 Electronics And Communication Engineering

Networks:

Network graphs: matrices associated with graphs; incidence, fundamental cut set and
fundamental circuit matrices. Solution methods: nodal and mesh analysis. Network
theorems: superposition, Thevenin and Norton's maximum power transfer, Wye-Delta
transformation. Steady state sinusoidal analysis using phasors. Linear constant
coefficient differential equations; time domain analysis of simple RLC circuits, Solution
of network equations using Laplace transform: frequency domain analysis of RLC
circuits. 2-port network parameters: driving point and transfer functions. State equations
for networks.

Electronic Devices:

Energy bands in silicon, intrinsic and extrinsic silicon. Carrier transport in silicon:
diffusion current, drift current, mobility, and resistivity. Generation and recombination of
carriers. p-n junction diode, Zener diode, tunnel diode, BJT, JFET, MOS capacitor,
MOSFET, LED, p-I-n and avalanche photo diode, Basics of LASERs. Device
technology: integrated circuits fabrication process, oxidation, diffusion, ion implantation,
photolithography, n-tub, p-tub and twin-tub CMOS process.

Analog Circuits:

Small Signal Equivalent circuits of diodes, BJTs, MOSFETs and analog CMOS. Simple
diode circuits, clipping, clamping, rectifier. Biasing and bias stability of transistor and
FET amplifiers. Amplifiers: single-and multi-stage, differential and operational, feedback,
and power. Frequency response of amplifiers. Simple op-amp circuits. Filters.
Sinusoidal oscillators; criterion for oscillation; single-transistor and op-amp
configurations. Function generators and wave-shaping circuits, 555 Timers. Power
supplies.

Digital circuits:

Boolean algebra, minimization of Boolean functions; logic gates; digital IC families (DTL,
TTL, ECL, MOS, CMOS). Combinatorial circuits: arithmetic circuits, code converters,
multiplexers, decoders, PROMs and PLAs. Sequential circuits: latches and flip-flops,
counters and shift-registers. Sample and hold circuits, ADCs, DACs. Semiconductor
memories. Microprocessor(8085): architecture, programming, memory and I/O
interfacing.

Signals and Systems:

Definitions and properties of Laplace transform, continuous-time and discrete-time

Fourier series, continuous-time and discrete-time Fourier Transform, DFT and FFT, z-
transform. Sampling theorem. Linear Time-Invariant (LTI) Systems: definitions and

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properties; causality, stability, impulse response, convolution, poles and zeros, parallel
and cascade structure, frequency response, group delay, phase delay. Signal
transmission through LTI systems.

Control Systems:

Basic control system components; block diagrammatic description, reduction of block

diagrams. Open loop and closed loop (feedback) systems and stability analysis of these
systems. Signal flow graphs and their use in determining transfer functions of systems;
transient and steady state analysis of LTI control systems and frequency response.
Tools and techniques for LTI control system analysis: root loci, Routh-Hurwitz criterion,
Bode and Nyquist plots. Control system compensators: elements of lead and lag
compensation, elements of Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) control. State variable
representation and solution of state equation of LTI control systems.

Communications:

Random signals and noise: probability, random variables, probability density function,
autocorrelation, power spectral density. Analog communication systems: amplitude and
angle modulation and demodulation systems, spectral analysis of these operations,
superheterodyne receivers; elements of hardware, realizations of analog
communication systems; signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) calculations for amplitude
modulation (AM) and frequency modulation (FM) for low noise conditions.
Fundamentals of information theory and channel capacity theorem. Digital
communication systems: pulse code modulation (PCM), differential pulse code
modulation (DPCM), digital modulation schemes: amplitude, phase and frequency shift
keying schemes (ASK, PSK, FSK), matched filter receivers, bandwidth consideration
and probability of error calculations for these schemes. Basics of TDMA, FDMA and
CDMA and GSM.

Electromagnetics:

Elements of vector calculus: divergence and curl; Gauss' and Stokes' theorems,
Maxwell's equations: differential and integral forms. Wave equation, Poynting vector.
Plane waves: propagation through various media; reflection and refraction; phase and
group velocity; skin depth. Transmission lines: characteristic impedance; impedance
transformation; Smith chart; impedance matching; S parameters, pulse excitation.
Waveguides: modes in rectangular waveguides; boundary conditions; cut-off
frequencies; dispersion relations. Basics of propagation in dielectric waveguide and
optical fibers. Basics of Antennas: Dipole antennas; radiation pattern; antenna gain.

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 GATE 2011 QUESTION TYPES

Multiple Choice Questions

Multiple choice questions in all papers and sections will contain four answers, of which
only one is correct. The types of questions in a paper may be based on following logic:

(i) Recall: These are based on facts, principles, formulae or laws of the discipline.
The candidate is expected to be able to obtain the answer either from his/her memory of
the subject or at most from a one-line computation.

Example
Q. During machining maximum heat is produced

(A) in flank face       (B) in rake face

(C) in shear zone     (D) due to friction between chip and tool. 

(ii) Comprehension:  These questions will test the candidate's understanding of

the basics of his/her field, by requiring him/her to draw simple conclusions from
fundamental ideas.

Example
Q. A DC motor requires a starter in order

(A) to develop a starting torque

(B) to compensate for auxiliary field ampere turns
(C) to limit armature current at starting
(D) to provide regenerative braking
 

(iii) Application: In these questions, the candidate is expected to apply his/her

knowledge either through computation or by logical reasoning.

Example: Q. The sequent depth ratio of a hydraulic jump in a rectangular channel is

16.48. The Froude number at the beginning of the jump is:

(A)  10.0  (B) 5.0

(C)  12.0  (D) 8.0

(iv) Analysis and Synthesis:

These can be linked questions, where the answer to the first question of the pair is
required in order to answer its successor. Or these can be common data questions, in
which two questions share the same data but can be solved independently of one
another.

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 Common Data Questions

Multiple questions may be linked to a common data problem, passage and the like. Two
or three questions can be formed from the given common data problem. Each question
is independent and its solution obtainable from the above problem data/passage
directly. (Answer of the previous question is not required to solve the next question).
Each question under this group will carry two marks.

Example
Common Data, for instance, Questions 48 and 49 in main paper: 
Let X and Y be jointly distributed random variables such that the conditional distribution
of Y, given X=x, is uniform on the interval (x-1,x+1). Suppose E(X)=1 and Var(X)= 5/3

First question using common data:

Q.48 The mean of the random variable Y is

(A) 1/2  (B) 1   (C) 3/2       (D) 2

Second question using common data:

Q.49 The variance of the random variable Y is

(A) 1/2       (B) 2/3       (C) 1       (D) 2

Linked Answer Questions:

These questions are of problem solving type. A problem statement is followed by two
questions based on the problem statement. The two questions are designed such that
the solution to the second question depends upon the answer to the first one. In other
words, the first answer is an intermediate step in working out the second answer. Each
question in such linked answer questions will carry two marks.

Example:

Statement for Linked Answer Questions, for instance, for Questions 52 and 53 in Main
Paper:

The open loop transfer function of a unity feedback control system is given by

 
First question of the pair: 
Q.52 The value of K which will cause sustained oscillations in the closed loop system is

6
  
Second question of the pair:
Q.53 The frequency of sustained oscillations is

The questions based on the above four logics may be a mix of single stand alone
statement / phrase / data type questions, combination of option codes type questions or
match items types questions.

PATTERN: There will be a total of 65 questions carrying 100 marks.

Q.1 to Q.25 (25 questions) carry one mark each (sub-total 25 marks). Q.26 to Q.55 (30
questions) carry two marks each (sub-total 60 marks). Questions Q.56 - Q.65 belong to
General Aptitude (GA). Questions Q.56 - Q.60 (5 questions) carry 1 mark each (sub-
total 5 marks) and questions Q.61 - Q.65 (5 questions) carry 2-marks each (sub-total 10
marks).

Questions Q.48 - Q.51 (2 pairs) are common data questions. and Qquestion pairs
(Q.52, Q.53) and (Q.54, Q.55) are linked answer questions. The answer to the second
question of the linked answer questions depends on the answer to the first question of
the pair. If the first question in the linked pair is wrongly answered or is unattempted,
then the answer to the second question in the pair will not be evaluated.

NEGATIVE MARKING:For Q.1 - Q.25 and Q.56 - Q.60, ⅓ mark will be deducted for
each wrong answer. For Q.26 - Q.51 and Q.61 - Q.65, ⅔ mark will be deducted for each
wrong answer. The question pairs (Q.52, Q.53), and (Q.54, Q.55) are questions with
linked answers. There will be negative marks only for wrong answer to the first question
of the linked answer question pair i.e. for Q.52 and Q.54, ⅔ mark will be deducted for
each wrong answer. There is no negative marking for Q.53 and Q.55.

Questions on Engineering Mathematics will carry about 15% of the total marks
(excluding General Aptitude section) in all the papers bearing the codes AG, BT, CE,
CH, CS, EC, EE, IN, ME, MN, MT and PI.