SANCHEZ, LEONARD C.

BSCRIM2 BLOCK2

Chapter 10 First Homecoming (1887-1888)

• Decision to return home: 1. to operate on his mother’s eyes 2. To serve his

people 3. To find out the effect of his novel 4. To inquire about Leonor Rivera

• Delightful Trip to Manila - Djemnah with 50 passengers on board • Saigon

-July 30-transferred to Haiphong (Manila bound)

• Arrival in Manila - August 5, stayed to visit friends but found Manila the
same since he left 5 years ago.

• Happy Homecoming - Established a clinic (P5000 med. Fees) - Opened a

gymnasium and introduced European sports - Failed to see Leonor Rivera

• Storm Over the Noli - Gov. Emilio Terrero- liberal minded gov.-gen.

• Jesuit priests (Fr. Sanchez, Bech and Faura) “Everything in it was the
truth, but you may lose your head for it” • Lt. Jose Taviel de Andrade –
assigned as bodyguard of Dr. Rizal

• Enemies of Noli: - Msgr. Pedro Payo (Mla. Archbishop) - Fr. Gregorio

Echavarria of UST for examination “ Heretical, impious, and scandalous in
religious order and anti-patriotic, subversive of public order , injurious to the
government of Spain and its function in the Phil. islands in the political
order”

• Permanent Commission of Censorship - Fr. Salvador Font (Agustinian cura

of Tondo) “that the importation, reproduction and circulation of the
pernicious book in the islands be absolutely prohibited” Effect: - Only served
to make it popular - Read the Noli behind closed doors despite of the
government prohibition - Price of Noli soared high from five pesetas to 50
pesos(Letter to Fernando Canon)

• Attackers of the Noli: -Fr. Salvador Font (Printed his report and distributed
copies to discredit the controversial novel) Fr. Jose Rodriguez (published a
series of eight pamphlets under Cuestiones de Sumo Interest to blast the
Noli) 1. Why should I not read them? 2. Beware of them, why? 3. And what
can you tell me of the plague? 4. Why do the impious triumph? 5. Do you
think there is really no purgatory? 6. Is there or is there no hell? 7.
Confession or damnation?General Jose Salmanca Gen. Luis M. Pando Sr.
Vida Vicente Barrantes (Spanish Academician, criticized the Noli in La Espana
Moderna)Defenders of Noli: • Marcelo H. del Pilar, Dr. antonio Ma. Regidor,
Graciano LopezJaena, Mariano Ponce and other Filipino reformists •
Fr.Sanchez • Don Segismundo Moret (Former Minister of crown)

• Dr, Miguel Morayta • Prof. Blumentritt • Rev. Vicente Garcia (priest-scholar

of Manila Cathedral, under the penname Justo Desiderio Ma galang –
Imitation of Christ) Blasted the arguments of Fr. Rodrigues as follows: 1.
Rizal cannot become an “ignorant man”. 2. Rizal did not attack the Church
and Spain. 3. Fr. Rodriguez said that those who read the Noli commit, a
mortal sin: since he read the novel, therefore he also commits a mortal sin.
 Rizal defended his Novel against Barrantes.

• Rizal and Andrade “Rizal was refined, educated, and gentlemanly. The
hobbies that most interested him were hunting, fencing, shooting, painting,
and hiking….”

• Marred Rizal’s happy days in Calamba: 1. the death of Olimpia 2. The

groundless tales circulated by his by his enemies

• Calamba’s Agrarian Trouble: Findings of Rizal which the tenants signed

and three officials: 1. The Dominicans owned the town of Calamba 2.
Arbitrary increase of land rentals 3. Owners never contributed for the
celebration of the town fiests, education, and improvement of agriculture 4.
Tenants were dispossessed of lands for flimsy grounds 5. High rates were
collected

• Farewell to Calamba: -Gov. Gen Terrerro advised Rizal to “leave” the

Philippines -Compelled to leave Calamba for three reasons: 1. His presence
in Calamba was jeopardizing the safety and happiness of his family and
friends 2. He could fight better and serve his country’s cause by writing in
foreign countries

Chapter 11
Rizal at 27 years old – he was a Physician and recognized man of letters
After six months of stay in Calamba, Rizal went to Hong Kong, he stayed at
Victoria Hotel, he was welcomed by Filipino residents:

• Jose Maria Basa • Balbino Mauricio • Manuel Yriarte (son of Francisco

Yriarte, alcalde mayor of Laguna) Jose Sainz de Varanda – a former
secretary of Governor General Terrero, he was assigned by the Spanish
authorities to spy Rizal in Hong Kong Visit to Macao – Rizal and Basa
boarded the ferry steamer Kiu-Kang, they stayed at the home of Don Juan
Francisco Lecaros (a Filipino gentleman married to a Portuguese lady) Macao
– small, low and gloomy Grotto of Camoens – Portugal’s national poet
Experiences in Hong Kong:

• Noisy celebration of Chinese New Year

• Boisterous Chinese theatre, with noisy audience and noisier music

• Marathon Lauriat party

• Dominican order – richest religious order in Hong Kong

• Hong Kong Cemeteries Departure from Hong Kong – Rizal boarded the
Oceanic, an American steamer, going to Japan Japan – Land of the Cherry
Blossom (also Land of the Rising Sun ehe..) Tokyo – Rizal said that it is
more expensive than Paris Juan Perez Caballero – secretary of the Spanish
Legation who invited Rizal to live at the Spanish Legation Rizal accepted
Caballero’s invitation because:

• He could economize his living expenses by staying at the legation

• He had nothing to hide from the prying eyes of the Spanish authorities
Rizal’s impression of Japan:

• The beauty of the country

• The cleanliness, politeness and industry of the Japanese people

• The picturesque dress and simple charm of the Japanese women

• Very few thieves

• Beggars are rarely seen in the city streets Not so good impression of Rizal
of Japan – the mode of transportation, Rickshaws, the men are pulling the
carts like a horse.
O-Sei-San – Rizal met her in Japan, real name Seiko Usui, a samurai’s
daughter of 23 years old, after her romance with Rizal, she married Alfred
Charlton Tetcho Suehiro – a fighting Japanese, journalist, novelist, and
champion of human rights and was also forced by Japanese to leave the
country whom Rizal met on board Belgic going to United States Market
Street – best street in San Francisco, wrote Rizal in his diary Leland Stanford
– a millionaire senator representing California in the US Senate, founder and
benefactor of Stanford University Dupont Street – in Chinatown, now the
Grant Avenue Grover Cleveland – the President at the time when Rizal
stayed in California Reno, Nevada – The Biggest Little City in the World New
York – Rizal called it Big Town Rizal’s impression of America:

• Material progress of the country

• Drive energy of the American people

• Natural beauty of the land

• High standard of living

• Opportunities for better life offered to poor immigrants Not so good

impression of America – lack of racial equality After visiting the United
States, he went to London Rizal chose London because:

• He wants to improve his knowledge of English Language

• To study and annotate Morga’s Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas, a rare cop of
which he heard to be available in the British Museum

• London was a safe place for him to carry on his fight against Spanish
tyranny yo-yo – a small wooden disc attached to a string from the finger,
Rizal showed his marvelous skill to Americans and Europeans how to used it
as a weapon Dr. Antonio Regidor – practicing lawyer in London and the
owner of the guest home where Rizal stayed when he was in London No. 37
Chalot Crescent Primrose Hill – a boarding place where Rizal boarded with
the Beckett Family Getrude Beckett – Rizal had a romance with her, a
buxom English girl with brown hair, blue eyes, and rosy cheeks, Rizal called
her “Gettie” or “Pettie”Good and Bad news from home:

• Persecution of the Filipino patriots

• Persecution of the Calamba tenants

• Furious attacks on Rizal by Senator Salamanca and Vida in the Spanish
Cortes and by Desenganos (Wenceslao E. Retana) and Quioquiap (Pablo
Feced) • Rizal’s brother-in-law and husband of Saturnina , Manuel T.
Hidalgo, was exiled by Governor General Weyler to Bohol without due
process law • A friend of Rizal, Laureano Viado, a medical student at the
University of Santo Tomas, was arrested and jailed in Bilibid Prison because
copies of Noli Me Tangere were foun in his house • (good news) Rev. Vicente
Garcia defended the Noli against the attacks of the friars Asociacion La
Solidaridad (Solidaridad Association) – a society inaugurated on December
31, 1888, Rizal was chosen as the Honorary President Officers: • Galicno
Apacible – president • Graciano Lopez Jaena – vice president • Manuel Santa
Maria – secretary • Mariano Ponce – treasurer • Jose Ma. Panganiban –
accountant La Solidaridad – the patriotic newspaper founded by Graciano
Lopez Jaena in Barcelona, it served as the organ of Propaganda Movement
Los Agricultores Filipinos (The Filipino Farmers) first article of the La
Solidaridad Dimas Alang – nom de plume of Rizal in his pamphlet La Vision
del Fray Rodriguez (The Vision of Fray Rodriguez) Stopover in Amoy, Rizal
did not get off the ship because: • He was not feeling well • It was raining
hard • He heard that the city is dirty February 8 – he arrived in Hong Kong
Hong Kong – a small city but very clean, there are many: Portuguese,
Hindus, English, Chinese and Jews While boarding in Kiu-Kang with Basa, he
saw Sainz de Varanda Macao – Portuguese Colony near Hong Kong (there
are many junks, sampans, but few steamer In the evening of Feb 19 – he
saw a Catholic procession, devotees are wearing blue and purple dresses
and carrying unlighted candles.

- Rizal noticed in Theatre (Hong Kong) • A man astride a stick means a man
riding on horseback • An actor raising his leg means he is entering a house •
A red dresses indicates a wedding • A girl about to be married coyly covers
her face with fan • A man rising a whip means he is about to ride a horse
Dominican order owned more than 700 houses for rent Honkong Cemeteries
– belonging to the: Portuguses(most beautiful), Catholics(most pompous),
and Muslims(simplest) Rizals cabinmate in Oceanic – a British Protestant
missionary (Rizal called him “a good man”)

Chapter 12 Tokyo walls

Built in cyclopean manner Kabuki – Japanese drama Judo – Japanese art of

self-defense Rizal studied in Japan: • Japanese language • Kabuki • Arts •
Music • Judo Rizal and the Tokyo musician – he heard them palying classical
work of Strauss, then he was amazed when he heard them talking in
Tagalog Japanese Gardener – sa garderner na ‘to nakilala ni Rizal si Oseisan
Mga binista nina Rizal at Oseisan (kung saan sila nagdate ahaha) • Imperial
Art Gallery • Imperial Library • Japanese Universities • Shokubutsu-en
(Botanical Garden) • Hibiya Park Nagustuhan ni Rizal kay Oseisan • Beauty •
Charm • Modesty • Intelligence

-Nagustuhan ni Oseisan kay Rizal • Gallantry • Dignity • Courtesy •

Versatility Nippongo – Japanese language Alfred Charlton – ang nagging
asawa ni Oseisan after nila maghiwalay ni Rizal Semi-Filipino family na
nakilala ni Rizal – Reinaldo Turner and Emma Jackson Nankai-no Daihara
(Storm over the South Sea) – a political novel of Suehiro which resembles
Rizal’s Noli me Tangere O-unabara (The Big Ocean) – novel of Suehiro
similar to El Filibusterismo

Chapter 13 and 14 Palace Hotel

Where Rizal stayed when he was in San Francisco, he paid $4 a day City of
Rome – second largest ship in the world, the steamer where Rizal boarded
going to Liverpool Great Eastern – largest ship in the world Jose Alejandro –
roommate ni Rizal, he is studying Engineering in Belgium Dr. Reinaldo Rost –
librarian of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and an authority on Malayan
languages and customs A pearl of man (una perla de hombre) – tawag ni Dr.
Rost kay Rizal Cricket – a popular English game na nilalaro ni Rizal Greatest
achievement of Rizal in London – annotating Morga’s book “Sucesos de las
Islas Filipinas” (writers: Fr. Chirino, Fr. Colin, Fr. Argensola, Fr. Plasencia,
and Dr. Morga) Andres (nickname Luling) – son of Juan Luna and Paz Pardo
de Tavera Two titans of Propaganda Movement • Marcelo H. del Pilar •
Mariano Ponce

Bust of Emperor Augustus – Christmas gift of Rizal kay Blumentritt Bust of

Julius Ceasar – Christmas gift ni Rizal kay Dr. Calos Czepelak The Life and
Adventure of Valentine Vox, the Ventriloquist – Christmas gift ni Mrs.
Beckett kay Rizal, isa yang book Aims of La Solidaridad • To work peacefully
for political and social reforms • To portray the deplorable conditions of the
Philippines • To oppose the evil forces of reaction and medievalism • To
advocate liberal ideas and progress • To champion the legitimate aspirations
of Filipino people Rizal’s four sculpture in London

1. Prometheus Bound

2. The Triumph of Death over Life

3. The Triumph of Science over Death

4. A composite carving of the heads of the Beckett sisters.