Dakshesh Solutions , Nagpur

Titles , electrical engineering

Phone :9049997117

PROGRAMMABLE LOAD SHEDDING TIME MANAGEMENT

FOR UTILITY DEPARTMENT

ABSTRACT

The project is designed to operate an electrical load multiple number of times as per the

program. It overcomes the difficulties of switching the load ON/OFF manually. This proposed has

an inbuilt real time clock (RTC) to keep tracking the time and thus to switch ON/OFF the load

accordingly.

Load shedding is what electric utilities do when there is a huge demand for electricity that

exceeds the supply. Thus in a distribution system it needs to be precisely controlled for specific

period of time. Programmable load shedding time management system is a reliable circuit that

takes over the manual task of switch ON/OFF the electrical devices with respect to time. It uses

real time clock (RTC) interfaced to a microcontroller of 8051 family. While the set time equals to

the real time, then microcontroller gives command to the corresponding relay to turn ON the load

and then another command to switch OFF as per the program. Multiple ON/OFF time entry is the

biggest advantage with this project. A matrix keypad helps entering the time. A 7-sement display is

interfaced to the microcontroller to display time.

Further the project can be enhanced by interfacing a GSM modem to the existing project so

that the complete control of the load can be done by sending an SMS to the control unit.
Dakshesh Solutions , Nagpur
Titles , electrical engineering
Phone :9049997117
 Dakshesh Solutions , Nagpur
Titles , electrical engineering
Phone :9049997117

2. F our quadrant control system for a DC motor.

3. ABSTRACT

The project is designed to develop a four quadrant control system for a DC motor. The motor is

operated in four quadrants i.e. clockwise; counter clock-wise, forward brake and reverse brake.

The four quadrant operation of the dc motor is best suited for industries where motors are used and

as per requirement as they can rotate in clockwise, counter-clockwise and also apply brakes immediately in

both the directions. In case of a specific operation in industrial environment, the motor needs to be stopped

immediately. In such scenario, this proposed system is very apt as forward brake and reverse brake are its

integral features.

Instantaneous brake in both the directions happens as a result of applying a reverse voltage across

the running motor for a brief period. 555 timer used in the project develops required pulses. Push buttons

are provided for the operation of the motor which are interfaced to the circuit that provides an input signal

to it and in turn controls the motor through a driver IC. Optionally speed control feature can be achieved

(but not provided in this project) by push button operation.

This project can be enhanced by using higher power electronic devices to operate high capacity DC

motors. Regenerative braking for optimizing the power consumption can also be incorporated. .
 Dakshesh Solutions , Nagpur
Titles , electrical engineering
Phone :9049997117

CYCLO CONVERTER USING THYRISTORS

ABSTRACT

The project is designed to control the speed of a single phase induction motor in three

steps by using cyclo convertor technique by thyristors. A.C. motors have the great

advantages of being relatively inexpensive and very reliable. Induction motors in particular

are very robust and therefore used in many domestic appliances such as washing machines,

vacuum cleaners, water pumps, and used in industries as well. The induction motor is known

as a constant-speed machine, the difficulty of varying its speed by a cost effective device is

one of its main disadvantages.

As the AC supply frequency cannot be changed, so this project uses a thyristor

controlled cyclo converter which enables the control of speed in steps for an induction motor.

The microcontroller used in this project is from 8051 family, a pair of slide switches is

provided to select the desired speed range (F, F/2 and F/3) of operation of the induction

motor. These switches are interfaced to the microcontroller. The status of the switches

enables the microcontroller to deliver the pulses to trigger the SCR’s in a dual bridge. Thus,

the speed of the induction motor can be achieved in three steps i.e. (F, F/2 and F/3).

This very concept can be further enhanced and implemented to control the speed of a

three phase induction motor. It can also be coupled with firing angle control for any desired

speed.

Note: An induction motor is used to observe the output of the project. Motor is not supplied .

However, it can be purchased on extra cost.

 Dakshesh Solutions , Nagpur
Titles , electrical engineering
Phone :9049997117
ARDUINO BASED UNDERGROUND CABLE FAULT

DETECTION

ABSTRACT

The objective of this project is to determine the distance of underground cable fault from

base station in kilometers USING AN Arduino board. The underground cable system is a common

practice followed in many urban areas. While a fault occurs for some reason, at that time the

repairing process related to that particular cable is difficult due to not knowing the exact location

of the cable fault. The proposed system is to find the exact location of the fault.

The project uses the standard concept of Ohms law i.e., when a low DC voltage is applied

at the feeder end through a series resistor (Cable lines), then current would vary depending upon

the location of fault in the cable. In case there is a short circuit (Line to Ground), the voltage across

series resistors changes accordingly, which is then fed to inbuilt ADC of Arduino board to develop

precise digital data for display in kilometers.

The project is assembled with a set of resistors representing cable length in KM’s and fault

creation is made by a set of switches at every known KM to cross check the accuracy of the same.

The fault occurring at a particular distance and the respective phase is displayed on a LCD

interfaced to the Arduino board.

Further this project can be enhanced by using capacitor in an ac circuit to measure the

impedance which can even locate the open circuited cable, unlike the short circuited fault only

using resistors in DC circuit as followed in the above proposed project.

 Dakshesh Solutions , Nagpur
Titles , electrical engineering
Phone :9049997117

BLOCK DIAGRAM

To be supplied after registration