1.

Contact and Non-Contact Forces Effect of

Force and Units
A force is any interaction that, when unopposed, will change the motion of
an object. In other words, a force can cause an object with mass to change
its velocity, i.e., to accelerate. Force can also be described intuitively as a push
or a pull. A force has both magnitude and direction

Contact and Non-Contact Forces:

The force which acts on an object without coming physically in contact with it is
called non-contact force. The most familiar example of a non-contact force
is weight. In contrast, a contact force is a force applied to a body by another
body that is in contact with it. However, it is to be noted that the origin of all
contact forces (such as friction) can be traced to non-contact forces.
Force:
A Force is that physical cause which changes or tends to change either the size
or shape or the state of rest or motion of the body.

 From the point of view of an application, they are 2 types, Contact and Non-
Contact forces.

Contact Forces:
The forces which act on bodies when they are in physical contact are called the
Contact forces.

Examples of contact Forces:

 Frictional Force:
When a body slide (or rolls) over a rough surface, a force starts acting on it in a
direction opposite to its motion, along with the surface in contact. This force is
called Frictional Force.

 Normal Reaction Force:

When a body is placed on a surface, the body exerts a force equal to its weight
downwards on the surface, but the body does not move or fall because the
surface exerts an equal and opposite force on the body normal to the surface.
This force is called Normal Reaction Force.

 Tension Force:
When a body is suspended by a string, the body, due to its weight W, pulls the
string vertically downwards and the string in its stretched condition pulls the
body upwards by a force which balances the weight of the body. This force is
called the Tensile Force (T).

 Spring Force:
If one end of a spring is kept fixed and its other end which is directly
proportional to its displacement and is exerted in a direction opposite to the
direction of displacement. This is called Spring/Restoring Force.

Non-Contact Forces:
The forces experienced by bodies even without being physically touched are
called the Non-Contact Forces or the Forces at a distance.

Examples of non-contact Forces:

 Gravitational Forces:
The body on a force due to earth's attraction is called the force of Gravity. In the
universe, all particles attract one another due to its mass.

 Electrostatic Force:
Two like charges repel and 2 unlike charges attract each other, the force
between these charges is called Electrostatic Force.

 Magnetic Force:
Two like magnetic poles repel and 2 unlike magnetic poles attract each other,
the force between these magnetic poles is called Magnetic Force.
General characters of non-contact forces:
The gravitational force is always of attractive nature, while the electrostatic and
magnetic forces can be either attractive or repulsive.

The magnitude of Non-Contact forces depends on the distance of separation

between them. It decreases with the increase in separation and increases with
the decrease in separation.