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Вълшебните игриви живи букви (2005) PDF
Вълшебните игриви живи букви (2005) PDF
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Brnure6uume,
uepuBu, ftuBu
BYKB14
OrHqH feopruen
T43IATEJTCTBO
"3AXAPtr{IZ cro-f,HoB"
CO(xVLfl.2005
,(pazu podumenu u ytrumeilu,
IlpeduasuaueHuemo Ha ma3u KHuJrcKa e da sanosuae deqama c 6yrceume no eduu pas.ltrLreH,
sa6aeeu u nodxodnul HaHuH, passusaul mnxHomo eto6pattceuue u mlopqecKo MucreHe. Ifpnrconto
ycsonsaHe ua a6cmparcmHLlme nuciweHu 3Haqu cnoped ll]ailuep srute ompullomerHo: "Bce edno, ue
ou4e cbscew paHo npuluKBaMe dememo da uocu .I4Hozo mecHu dpexu, Koumo He ily cmasam u KoLuno
cned moea pa3pywasam Hezolun opzaHusbM" (t4urctn tteKquu, OrccQopm, 1922 z.). I4seetrcdauemo utl
om peatmu o6pasu, csbp3crHu c deilcmeumerrHocmma, ule norrczHe me da 6udam BTfinpuemLt
ecmecmleHo, Kamo HeLLlo JtcLtlo, opzaHuLtHo, 3ana3utto 6pb3Kqma c Jrculoma u znuneulo 6nazomeopuo
Ha mnxHzma dytueeuocm.
fie4ama uMqm KoHKpercno-o1pasuo ]r4uctreHe. Ifocneduume uscnedeauufl noKaslam, qe me no-
necHo sanor4Hflm nnoHcKu ilepoznu$u, omKorKomo ramltHcKu 6yrceu. Eyrceume uM ce cmpysam
npeKaneHo "a6cmparcmHu", omlreqeHu u nputtuqoLLlu cu edua ua dpyza (Koudpamoe An., 1975).
,[ememo nbpso ce Hayqa*a da pas6upa, noc]te - da zoeopu, cned moea - da nutue u Lreme
(PydonQ u Koxeu). IIo eunpoca sa nopeduocmma Ha nocneduume (nucauemo u uemeuemo) u.ua
npomusopeuuBu MHeHufl. Cnoped MeH me ca eduuuu, KaKmo nilt4emo u KoKoluKama u maKa mpa6ea
da ce pasznetrcdam u ycsonnam. B masu sepuza (pas1ttpaue - zo6op - nucane - uemeue) o6aqe
rruncna eduu eacrceu, cbLLlecmleH erren4eHm - pucynsHemo. flurcmozpauama (o1pasuomo nucuo) e
npedwecmeara notaamq Ha nuc.l4eHume 3Hallu t'tpu scuLrKu uapodu u cucmewu.
PA3EI4PAHE _ f OB OP _ PU C YB A HE - IIIICAHE - IIETEHE
Ecmecmeeuo e passumuemo Ha uudueuda (oumozeuesuctm) da u.^4a MHozo o6ugo c podolomo
My pa3sumue (Qunozeuesuca). Tasu spbsKa e npuHqunHa, a ue 6yrceanHo nozmopeHue Ha
ucmopuuecKufl nbm u c6bp3aHume c Hezo rfiarcmu. Eyrceume ca BbsHuKHanu om pucyHKu,
uso6pasneatt4u peanHu o1pasu u uHauanaLLlu npeduemu, deilcmeun, noHflmut. flo-rcucuo me cmolam
sce no-onpocmeHu u odosuaqaeam He dyuu, a cpLtltKu u cned mo6a - 3lyKo6e om peqma.
Haped c uzpqma u peqma, pucysaHemo e cped ocHozHume Qopuu, qp% KoLtmo dememo ce
u3po3n6a. Pucyeaitrcu, mo npecusdasa, npemlopnea. Bcnrco usodpasaaaue e u lore+u qKm, L1pe3
rcoilmo ce ocbLqecmzflBa "dBuzamerHo u3JrculflBaHe" - oco6euo Bo)rcHo sa dememo s paHHa
exspacm.B cnyuafr pucyHKama e He uHmepeceu ouaznedaeaul npudambK Kb.r4 meKcma (unncmpatlun),
a uzDae ocHoaHa. codewa nonn.
,[ememo uma cuHKpemwtHo cvfiHaHue. 3a uezo e ecmecmleuo da usnon3aa Ko.I4n]teKCHo u B
mncHa spb3Ka pa3nuuHu HaquHu 3a u3pa3n6aHe: pucysoHe, ?osop, acecm... XydotrcecmleH npuilep sa
npwoaceHue Ha mosa pas6upaue daea RunnuHz B cloume npuKa3Ku, B Koumo cfrKaLu e lbntbmeHo u
onpedeneuuemo Ha 10. Jlomaau: "Ezurcum - moaa e dadeu xod nntoc Hezolama ucmopun".
Eux ucrcan cnequarHo da om6enectca deaua 6rnzapcrcu asmopu - dott. Eonu Jlanoe u npo$.
Tod op B ap d crcuee, Koumo p asp a6ome am dud arcmuqecKam a uzp a " Eyrceu-rcapmuHKu ".
Eduouueuuama u.^4 KHuza (usdaeaua npes 1993 u 1995 z.) e nocmpoeHa sbpxy sbnpocHama
acoqucn4ufl "3uax - 3syK - o6pas" u nepdnaza tlnnocmHo peueHue 30 ?naeHume 6yrcsu om
1'anzapcrcama as6yrca. Tn usnonsea nodo1uemo, za da nodnouozHe nocmponlaHemo Ha puu4ysaHLt
dyuu upes Kapmu 3a uepa, Koumo cz'dtpcrcam sbnpocHume Hacoq6aLt4u acoquamusHu npedcmaau.
Hadneau ce KHuzama Mu da 6z'de nonesHo donbnHeHue Kb.l4 BctttlKo, HqnpaseHo Beqe
6b8 gpb3Kq C nUCAHemO U qemeHemo.
Onumum noKa36a, ue u de4a, Koumo Beue no3Ha*am 6yxeume, c ydoeoncmlue Lt uHmepec
yqacmsqm 6 Ho*omo uu o6pasuo ycsonsaHe, npecbmsopnBaHe u npeoc'b3Husarue. C n'Lo6a me
o1ozamneam npedcmaeume cu 3a mnx u sa o6pasume, om Koumo ce useecrcdam; noduoeneant
uHmepeca cu, nozurua*am uso6pasumerHume cu Bb3lro)rcHocmu, a c mola u me3u 3a nLtcaHe.
3a no-nzrnuo4eHHomo notrcnaHe Ha mola dudarcmu,tuo noco6ue e do6pe da ce sanosHaenle c
ymoqHeHuflma u yKa3aHuflma 6 Kpan Ha KHu?ama.
Aemopant
@ Ornsn feoprzen
@ llsAarercrno "3axapnfi Cro"suos", Co$ux, 2005
ISBN 954-739-686-2
I
ilPNKA3KA
34. 3BYqHHTE
KAPTHHKH
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ffii l,r/
Hxxora, B Aarer{Hrl BpeMeHa, B rroJre yufirB ropa, B roru6a utrvlB rleqepa, xI,IBee[Ie
rroBeK ua raue Oxo.
Tofi uuaure craAo c MaJrKr,r arbHrla 14 roJreMr.r oBHr4, c KporKI4 oBqI4 t4 rIuuIaBI{ Ko3I{,
Kor,rro MHoro o6u.raxa Ha rroJrrHKara 6rngo Ao peKr4r{Kara Aa xp}rytar or rpeBl4qKara,
a IIocJIe, uo nnaAHe, Aa npe)Iil4BllT - yMI,IcJIeHI,I I4 3aMeqraHu /xofr sHae sa ralcno/, no.4
c{HKara Ha HrKoe AbpBo. Te.4rsqexa c raKoBa HacnaxAeHrle, AopL{ c
6raroroeeHrre, crKalrr ne 6erue ryfr tpenuqa, a ronbJl xor-Aor ITJIIT IIIK coqHa
rrr4ua.
ITpu usnusaHe Ha nalua om KoLLtapanxa u nocne npu sp'bu4aHe,
)rculomHume MuHanaxq eduo no eduo npes ManKama BpamwtKa, a Oxo zu
6poewe - da ue 6u unrcoe da ce e sazy6uno unu da zo e omKpaduan eunrcum:
"E4Ha, ABe, TpI{ oB.ruqa,..." Ho nnoro 6gxau Bce ce 6tplcanre, Ta rIotIHa
Ia ru Or6eJIfl3Ba rofi C qepTI,IUA. HO xOs qepTl,rUa e oBIII'Iqa, KOt e aIHe II KOt -
oBeH r.IJIr{ XOgnUa?
tr4rcasa cu Oxo:
ffi
c [pr4BeAeHrr TJIaBI{IIKLI, XJIABATA.
KOpeMqe r.r qpsKHanr4
BCTpaHr,r yrxl,IlrKlr.
4
Odaqe JrculomHume MuHqnaxa 6tpso u Kamo zu om6ennsaaLue mqKa, moil ey1ewe MHoea
BpeMe.
Oxo cu Mr4cneue:
Pucynanero e rryAecHo, pucyHKr{Te ca rrHTepecHrr, Ho 3a no-6rpso rl [o-JrecHo, ilIe
rpr6na Aa rr{ oilpocrl{M, I{3JrrrIIrHoro nufi Aa ocraBr{M, caMo nafi-naxnoro Aa rrpaBr,rM rr
rraK, uIoM rr{ cb3peM, KaKBo e ryfr 4a pasdeperu.
ffiffi4 AA
Osqa: Irlgsusra 3a rJraBa, 4o6anxlre yrxeHrle c "nepseM", ycra, otreHlle (1). llonxrora
lpolycKarxe ycrara r4 oqeHrlero (2)...Ltttu rrbK rrpaBerue c e.uHo ABrrlI(eHHe flepqeMa I,I
yrxeHrlero (3). Hafi-6rp:o (neuio) x npaueure raKa (4) uryfir ocraHa 3HaKbr 3a oBIIa:
ffift &#"
Onen:. I4snuexa eqpa3aporara v Apyq MirJrKa - 3a rJlaBara. Krrrl ryfi.- oKoro Lrycra'Ia
(1), (Ho r.rrx locJre ocraBrr, qe npeqexa ua 6rprnHara ... a rIbK .uopu u 6es rrasara, rvqvr
oBenbr no porara).
ffi\ff #-*
Ko3ara, Aero Bce ce Karepr,r nefi.{e I{ Ttpcr,r cu 6ennra, cera caMo t 3alroMHere. Karso ce
cnf{?r c Her cne,q lyfi rue pas6epere.
IlocmeneuHo mufl 3Haqu 3anoqHaxa da osuavaeam He qnna dyaa /oeeu, azHe, oe4a,
rcosa/, a cawo eduu seyrc ("O" rcamo oeeu, "A" Kamo azue). 3auqomo:
'
3a onvapx B rrJraHr,rHaravofir B noJrero ryr{ (A) 3Haqu "arHe", Ho He I,I3a MoptKa rpafi
Mopero. 3a Hero ryir " A" o3HaqaBa "aKyra",,{ero Bce ce [paBI{ He BI{AxJIa, He r{yJla, a
ToJIKo3 HapoA e v3s.ra, crKaIrI e ne pu6a, axura.
-5
Alcy;rara zr6aral H3rJrexq4arxe raKa - c nepKHTe cr4 Bcrpagr.r uzefrlralaycra (l).
O6aqe ycrara
d AAfr A
12345
it zr1ata e rpyAHa 14 MaJrKo crparxHa 3a .qeuara, Ta rrpaBerxe q c:sc
II3BI{BKa, Ho l:rfi, natopet, He Karo ycMr.{BKa (2). llocne ycrarar.r nepKrzTe BcrpaHr. c e.qHa
qepra o6egunu (3,4).
A utx cMeJrI4Te noBIII4 TaM, BbB T0TIJII,ITe crpaHr4, c ryfi lenexrar "aHTuro[a". Tq e
KporuqKa, Ho II4Ba: crpofiHa, rrbpraBa, cKoKJrr4Ba, rrpu onacHocr 6tp:o 6.sra. He r rra3rr cbc
To.sra, Ho rrpeA tteit:onra pota, IpbrrBa ce Aoprr nbBa.
Eelexexa .s efr rar<a: Kpar<ara fi cxor<nrasu , Hata3rr.Irr4 B TpeBara; rJraBa c pora 6ognunu,
KopeMqe no cpeAara, orfl'rvr.qBe yrxu, rufr, qprrHaJrrr B crpauu (1).
AA AA
1234s
A
A uocle rrfr peurnxa: KpaKaraporara c rro ABe qepru o6eguyuxa. K:su rqx - KopeMrre,
14
Tplr:srbnHllqe 3a rJIaBI4qKa, BcrpaH[ - qeprr4r{Kh 3a yruuqxu(2). Kprc:rocanu qepraqKfi 3a
KpaKara H porara, c qepra - KopeMqe rro cpelara (3); nogceqa Hrr KaKBo e u 6es Wlrre 14
rJraBa (4). Clea BpeMe H porara eABa 3ararBaxa re n 6rpsuuara (5).
ffiM MA HA
3a da He cnopnm u da ue ce o6tprceam Lqo e moBa - azHe, aKyna unu nbK aHmunona,
ocmdHa mo da 3HaHu caMo "A".
1
"A" Karo aKyna e [peAcraBeHa B KHrrrara Ha E. J]aros lr T. Bapaxuea "Eyrnlr-xaprrr.HKr", C. lgg3 u 1995r.
'ctpLuta
Cnel gpenneplrcynKara3a"A" Karo arHe, Karo r npaBexa rrfr n 6tpsunara, ce [poMeHI4
v 3ailpvilvrqa Ha "ra3r 3a oBrlara (6enexexrrae .fl, [oMHI{re, c rnanara).
A AAAA
Bcrulnocr, KaKTo B "arHe" I,I B AyMara "oBqa" or BclrqKlrre nafr-sceH lcutegl 3ByK e "A"
OcseH ToBa Ha arHero uraBara :ara3u Ha oBrlara rrfr ulroro cufiplrnvrl'ar! Haln re ca
poAHr.rHrr r{ cr.rJrHo ce o6ra.rar? 3aryfi rr 3HaKBT 3a oBua, qo 3arlpunulra:na atHellKoro "A",
ocraHa Aa ce non3Ba raKa , Ho Bce 3a cbulu-f, 3B1rK "A".
^rtra*f
Vlrsit, pucyuKara 3a afHe vragllr 3a oBIIara rlpeBbpHaxa ce B "at'rrao B ABe
pa3flurlHl,I "A-Ta".
flrpeoro, .nL'' - Karo rlqro arHe, ce [paBrr rro-roJrflMo I4 ee Hapuqa otfraBuott, a
ooMarno". To cnpouHo, 6elc.raBHo, ce rylrru MexAy peAoBerer KaKTo B
Apyroro -
KOrrrapa oBrlere.
6S#
Oxntoetm
omnfl60 ce e
noKa3aL om
qepynKama cu, a
mo3u om dncuo Pasnuquu om6ennseaHun Ha oxtrtoB.
ceecKpuraHen. Hail-1upso u recHo cma*a nocneduomo..
3
"TaKa wJrtr raKa" o3HaqaBa Karo B HaqilJroro (uafi-renrrfl 3HaK na pe,{a) rInI,I B Kpat (nocle4nua, saii-Aecen
3HaK Karo rJraBHo "A"). llocovere rI,I npu flpoqlrr l,Inll pa3Ka3 Ha Aerero.
Ho:rosa "Ott ro lrua14 B Moero r,rue OXO - B HaqaJroro r.r B Kpar. O6aqe no cpe,qara r4Ma
rpyr 3ByK - "X". Kar Ia to HanpaBr 6es rrasoro Aa ce 6ass?
Cerux ce: "X" Karo "xo4.f," - xoAe[I rIoBeK. B pucyurure uafi-necso ro pucyBaM TaKa
(1):
o o
* X XX
flar ule JIrIqpI KaKBo e n 6eg pbllere, 6es crtnanara (3)... II{e to rro3HaeM ADr(e aKo B
6rpsuuata [ponycHeM uuit gopw rrraBara. 3ararsa\ae My caMo r-sroro c xpaxara (4).
Oxo cv rrMalrle H .{b[Iepr4rlra 6e:rpzxHa, BoJrHa Karo rrrr.rqK a v ilaraBa Karo Ko3prrrKa.
I4rraero fi 6eure Ete, uo qecro s.HaphqaxaHa raJreHo Ern. Or BcHrrKo r.s nafi-unoro o6uqarue
AapucyBa pa3nHqHI4 HeIIIa c KaKBoro ft na4ne: Ha il.f,cbK c rrplcrqe, Bbpxy 3eM_sra c KJreqKa,
c:t'c BblJIeH rlo cKaJIa ulrkr Ha 6xna 6pesoBa Kopa c ocrbp :16 or BbJrK r{Jrpt or MeqKa.
E,4I,tr les Ere 3aMrrcJleHo cI4lpacKarxe Herr{o c KneqKa no 3eMrra. l{:ne.qnrx eAuu
re6er rJrac cr,rJrHo as6o6orlt sa4 rrp6a fi: "Kareo upaeuu?". Ere ce crpecna H p.f,3Ko ce
odrpua. Seure 6auta fi. VereqeHa B 3aHr4Maurlero cv) Tfr ne 6e ycerrrna Kora ce e npu6rnxur.
Tofi qecro cu [paBerxe rrreru c Her.
- Ox! - r.r3rrbrrrKa Ere. Kar Me yflnarxr{, rraK KopeM rr,re sa6ors! Onnreax ce Aa HarrpaBt
IrMero ua OXO ctc 3Byt{HI,I KaprrrHKH, ocraHa MH oule e.4Ho "O" I,I TI{ Me rIpeKBcHa.
- LIzeuuxsafi, He racrax Aa re nnarxa, a caMo MuIJrKo Aa re r43ueHa.uaM. Ho. ..qaxafi , vaKair.,
KaKBO Ka3a rrbpBo KaTO Te CrpeCUaX?
- Alru. "."ox""
' - To.{Ho raKa, TI4 cera cu o:r6ergsana roqHo "ox".
OX oxo
Karo cloxum oule e4Ho "o" ue craHe "Oxo'', Ho cera cu e "ox". Taxa xassaMe, Kotaro
Hr.i e rpyAHo krrrr4 Koraro nlr sa6orra. Haupnuep rJraBa, KpaK r.rnu KopeM or )rlnaxa.. "- o6qcHla
Oxo x ce [o.ucMrrxHa 3aKaqJrr4Bo.
- Hsroro or yrrJraxa, Apyrrrro or npesxAaHe - orBBpHa rray Ere u rrornelua xl{Tpo neKo
r.{3rrbKHairrrr KopeM Ya 6at4a cu.
ronro e Henpr4nr,rqHo MaJrKIaTe rerrrlrla Aa ce rroAulpaBar na 6aulure cu - or6er.f,ga
- Ax,
Oxo, raro cAlpx(arxe ycMrrBKara cu. Tofr o6u.rame rrrervre.
- A 6arqure Ha Aerrara cv e rrpranrrqHo Ia ce noAr4rpaBar, raxa tu? - orBbpHa Ere secero
u 6rpso ro [orbAenrrqKa.
- Xa-xa-xa - pa3cMr ce 6auait.
- "Xa-xa-xa" - [oBTopir Ere I4 ce 3aMltcnu: - TyK uMa "X" Karo B TBoero urvre.klxra14"A"
Karo B "arue". flrpro e X, nocre e A. Elno Ao Apyro o6pa:yrar XA. flocne uax XA H rIaK
XA, crana "xa-xa-xa".
XA XA XA
- tspano! - AoBonHo rcaga 6aqara. - A aKo r,rM pa3MeHr4M Mecrara rrle ce noryru AX,
KaKTo Ka3ax a3 nperur. I4nu xarco rr/r KuBBaru, Koraro ce 1n{yABarn r4nr.r Bb3xr.ruaBaIII Ha
Herrlo.
AX
- A nrx rLI Karo ce ) {yABaru Ka3BaIrI "O-O".
Oxo cgNaIl He q qy, rIoMbJIr{a ManKo I4 pa3BbnH}tsaHo rlpoAbrrrlo,I:
-Korxo r,rHrepecno!...auu Aa, aKo HarlpaBt raxa: OA H Ao Hero OX (OA OX) , roBa rIIe
3Ha!{H, rre oBua ce e pas6onrna (OX-snaqv,qe x6or,u, ctpaaa).
OA OX
' Cyrpnn rN o6x.rau.{a nocnraBarrr, Ho a3 v3rrprsav. paHo cbc cra,4oro (uafira rI,I cbIIIo
pa6ora a vaxa). Buecro ga re 6ygx irle HaprrcyBaM Ha creHara, Ha lbcKa unu ua 6sta
6peeona Kopa roBa OA OX. Tu u1e ro BrrIHrx u 6es ra cbM TaM v Aarr4 ro Kaxa, lqe 3Haell,
ue rpx6na Aa ce norpuxtrrrr sa 6orrHara oBua, Korro cbM ocraBI4JI B Kolxapara.
- A aro HarrpaBr{rx OXO - OX (npogrrxu Ere), rle 3Harr[, qe rI{, TarKo, HerIIo He cI4
4o6pe z u1e rpx6na aa loit4a Ha rroJr.r{Haranpu craAoro n'arvr rroMaraM.
OXO OX
- Aro nbK Br{Ar,r[r OXO - XA XA XA sHaqu BcnqKo Mu e Hapel Ir Mo)KeIrI cnoxofiso ra
ocraHerrr v ra ctt nrpaetu c rpyrrrre.qerla, aKo rrpeAno.rurau! - AoTIIJIHI,I 6a:oalau
3alorcKar{a or yAoBoJrcrBve Karo MaJrKo.qere. Toea oTKpLITLIe My ce BLIA.TI H3KnIoqIrreJIHo
HHTepecHo rz Bax{Ho.
oxo XA XA XA
- Axa, BboAyIxeBeHo He cllIapaItte Erer"axa" ce Ka3Ba Koraro ce cerua]re :a nerqo. Axo
fo Bt4Ar{Itt, ue 3Haell, qe cbM pa^e6pana KaKBo LIcKaru p.aMv Ka)r(eIU H cr,] cbrnacHa.
AXA
Ho rraoxe Aa ro noMlrcils.a 3a r.rMero Ha MaMa. Hanu s.Hapwrar Axa, :a4ero BcHqKo
paz6upa, Bcr{qKo ce ceua 14 qecro ro rroBTapr. Maua e [o-BaxHara il 3aroBa rqe .s
or6ensgsaNa c fio-roJleMlr 3B)ru{Hrr Kaprr{HKr,r r4Jrrr rroue rrbpBara rue 6bAe rro-roJr.sMa. lIIe g
or6en-g:saN{ c no-Ba}r{Horo, rJraBHo A (raro arHe rrJrr.r aryra).
3a or6eng3BaHero Ha rpyfllTe "a" Mox(e Ia I{3non3BaM IIo-JIecHoro, MaJIKoro "a", Karo
rJIaBa Ha arHe vrlrvHa onqa. Hanu ro ce rron1n{I4 or arHelrlKoro "A"?
Axa axa
K
' V urpa rrM ce Brr4f MHoro r{HTepecHa) a r\rs. tt3ny{Hn
rroHelxe ra3r.{
KaprrrHKr{'o He uM 6qxa Aocrarr,r{Hrr, u3Mucrsxa cr{ HoBr{. Karc crana roBa,
ure pas6epere rro-HararbK. Tran rnyqu-KaprnHKrr cera ce Haprlrlar
tt6ynnu". C rqx ce [uure u qere.
/(kK
Eru npe4roNu:
- C ttKtt 3allorlBa Awara "Ko3I4t{Ka", Ho c "K" 3anoqBa cbIIIo "Karepu.rKa" - ga fl
HairpaBr,rM - .qa He e caMr4qKa.
10
C ugsarara ottalrlKa, npaKneKnanu Kpar{era: HaBeAeHo renuero c rJIaB}rqKa Karo JIeITIHI4K
II ABe yIUeTa, HO C peCHI,Ir{KI{, KaKBI4TO HMaT BCIIqKI,I rarepUVrU (1).
W!d 14 16 ]1
ylxerara c pecHlrqKltre (3), n 6ee rraeara u pbrrurrKure (4), ilvr.:ril cvl
14 6ez
Karepr4qKara. Mafi 3anpunnr{a Ha Ko3r.rrrKara! (A no KaK6o ce pa3truqaeam?)
Hauctusa -cttJracu ce ra Oxo, Te MHoro cr4 npunuqar. Pagnu.{Hvr ca lrM caMo
AonHlrre KpaKa. 14 oule: npu "ratepuqKa" [orlBa ce c olarrlKa Bt4Ta, a He c rleprara 3a pora.
Ho myil u myil 6ce "K" e - da nowHume, deula!
Karcmo npu azHemo, aKyrama, osqoma u KeKmo npu o6eHa u oxtttona B
mpesamq, npuexa ma3 "KosttrtKT" u masu "KamepuqKa" , da suaqam caMo "K"
3A BCULLKU.
Q,)"i,O oKo
- A aro MaxHeM n:bpBoro "O" B "oKo", qe ce ltonfrv "Ko". Karo cJIo)Ifl.IM oIIIe eIHo
"Ko", IlIe craHe "Ko Ko" (marca me HnKoze Hapuqaxa KoKoLr.rKama, Hanu 6ce Ka36a "Ko Ko
Ko" ).
KO KO
- Aura aKo cMeHLIM ABere "O" c "A", KaKBo IIIe ce uolyru? - nonura Ere.
- "KaKa" - no3Ha 6aua fi u ro :r^arrvca.
KAKA
- Msoro BilKHa AyMa. - Ka3a Ere. ZsnpaBrr ce, B.4r.rrHa rop4o rJraBa l,r.uousrHlt: - As
HaIIpI4Mep C5M KaKa Ha BCHTIKII nO-MaJrKr.r OT MeH.
- Pa-:6npa ce - cbrJracu ce Oxo. Tpx6na.qa ce Ha1nruru 4o6pe Aa rrpaBl{Iu "K". "A" Beqe
Mox{e[I, Ho c "K" rpa6na Ia ce no)rrpax{Hl,Iu.
Onumailme u Bue. B rcou dpyzu dyauurcu utvte "K"? A rcude ce Hawupa mo: 6 Hatteromo, 6
cpedama unu e rcpaa?
Mocrceme nu da npoqememe KaKBo o3Haqasam dyuume HonucaHu c edpu 6yrceu no-dony?
AXKA OXKA
a
4o6pe e 3a rlo-roJlflMa HarJIeAHocr Aa ce noJr3Bar KaproHr{era c 6yxru, Kor.rro Aa ce lpeHapex Aar vrrvrrpocro
Aa ce [rrue [peA Aer{ara.
11
E
EAras len Eru6e upuce4nana 3aMr.rcJreHa.
- Kareo I{Ma, Moe MHJIo Aere, HeIrIo nomo JIIr ce e
cnyrzlo? klru s KaKBo He cH
cronf{r4no? - nonura 6ail\aia.
- Tn uoxeur Aa or6enssBallllMero cvr Ha Hafi-pa:nuuHr4 Herrla: Top6ara, Apexara,
TotlaTa...OrerH Ha KbIIIaTa 38) rHr{Te KapTzHKu rroKa3BaT, r{e Tr.r x{uBeerx TaM. llcxana z as
ra Mora.qa ce or6eJrg3BaM, rarrpaBfr r,rMero crr cBc 38) {Hr.r KaprrrHKr,r. Onurax Aa:napvcqaM
ce6e cu, Ho c rrJrr.rrKrr rr c raKoBa Kpbr-no nuquqe rrMa He eAHo rere.
Oxo ce cbrJracv H qbrrlo ce 3aMr,rcnu:
- Ere sauor{Ba c "8" , r4Ma "8" u :naKpafl, a no cpeAara vMa "T", KaKTo e xaofiro uMe "X".
Kar 4a HanpaBHM rlpBo "E"?
- "8" Karo "ereH!" - BI3KJII{KHa yMnoro,4ere. Karro oBeHa I{ Ko3ara, rofi cn rn'nuuaft-
Ber{e no poraTa.
- A ntoxe "E" Karo "erxa" - Aolasu HefiHusr 6auara.
Ere ce cbrJracu:
ffifi&rnE
Hnrcou Ha enxuqrcama KnoHume He ca m(tKa ysucHqru uadony, a no-u3npaneHu
usenecrcdaxa scmpaHu, dopu nerco Haeope.
marca. Ho Muozo om enxwtKume sa no-6'upso u rxecHo 6nxa om1ennsauu 6es MenKume
peluuxa, ve KroHvema. Ou4e no-6upso cmalaLue, Kozamo npalexa
mo8a He e rerume u decuume KroHu uaeedn.acrc, c eduo deucrceuue,
erxuuKq, a np e cuqau4o u3 np a s eHufl cm* on. O 6urcu o e euo n o - d un eu
no-cKopo cma6 axa q epmume-K"ao Hu omdncuo, s aLqomo no c malnxo
6opue. BctKa cnedeau4a etmuuKa, .nnHoe_o 6nuso do npedutunama u 3a
ilerume KnoHu HnMqLue Mncmot. Harc.ade vepmwtKume 3cr
KIOHUwe Ce 3AcuqAXa C ml3u 3A UgnpqaeHomo Cmt (no, a
unxt'de edea ce donupaxa...
5
Bclr.rxo rona rpr6ra Aa cbrrpoBoxAa ule 6rAe Bb3npr.rero u pa:6pauo or Aerlara caMo aKo Bt4LflT race [paBr4
npeA rflx - Ha AacKa wtwn. fiy*rure cbrrpoBoxAar Aeftcrsr.tero, pucyBagero lr lrMar crroMararejrHa pop.,r,
12
trIocmenenHo acultKlt cluKHaxa da om6enn3nem "E" no nocnednun, uail-6.op3 u neceH
HaquH (l): vepmuqKa-cmlor uadony u e dncuo oL4e mpu; eduo, dee, mpu (eope, e cpedama u
dony). Ttil narc no3Hanqxa zo 6cultKu. IrI nonoeunama ettxuttKa Hqnor,tHn flcHo 3a etmqma, u4o
padea 6 npa3Hut4u de4ama. A,uu uanu u 6'b6 zopamq saKpunam ce enxa c enxama? IrI mau me
ue ce eucrcdam qeru, edna eue dpyza KJ,toHu 6menu.
Oxo npegloxn:
- A uoNe v"E" Karo ex(Ko. Tofi ua-urx e, Ho crbrlBa rex(Ko. lI exro, KaKTo rr erxara)
H|JII,IqKIT LIMa rlo cHarara. C rsx Hafi-ragnecreH e B topara. 3a4yrrararu nrz My c ranaH i{rr{Bo,
rIIe 3araHrryBa rofi urpuBo r,r [paB, Ha 3arHr.rre KpaKa, rrle Brrrum e]rffio Ha rraca.
II{e ro pucyBaMe raKa: MyuyHKara z rpr6.rero Ha.qony, r4rJrr{Te My B crpaHr{, KopeM,
KpaKa, pbr{xtlKl4, oveHue Ao6anu (1)... MyqynKara:a rpr6uero, KopeMrrero c Kpaqeurlera"..W
6e: pr.ruuxrrre,u 6es o.raqrcfire xle ce rro3HaBa exKo rro 6o.qrtu.rrure (2,3). C e.qHo
ABilx(eHI,Ie rJlaBara ursp6a, KopeMrlero orrrpeA 3ararBaMe e.{Ba, r,rrJrr.rre My n crpanu... Te
KaKTo KJrourare eJrxoBn Mnoto ca, Ho cruta cautpu (4).
ft ilr E
Korar:o n 6rpsunara rponycKaxa KopeMqero (e4na Jrr.rqene u rlanara) ryfi or6enr3BaHe
3a€x{Ko 6e ro.{Ho Karo 3a enxara (5).
- II{e upo6Ballr JII,I cera cbc MeH KaK craBa "E" Karo eneu? - He vcKarrre ga cnpe Ere.
- II{e crane JIecHo efi raxa: c roJreMV KJrouecrr,r pora Ha ropAo BArarnara rJraBa Lr rrkrs,
T.xJIo, TrrqaIIIH KpaKa... B naolrenr Ha cKoK e roft cera. flpenycra, 6rps raro crpena (1).
+FF F
Forara c re3lr pa3KnoHeHI,It ue 6sgar rpyAHr{ yfipaxHeHn* fiaru 6enexzu JrecHo
3aTOBa C e.UHa-eAI4HCTBeHa qepTa; r,r3BLrBKa JreKa 3a rJraBa, Halony tnvxTa Lr T.rrJro cbc 3a.{Hr,rTe
n npeAHr.{re xpara (2).
Porara, rfltflTa r{ [peAHI{Te KpaKa Aa rrr HarrpaBrrM HaBeAHbx raKa, a no cpe.qara
TtJIoro Lr3ailHrrIe KpaKa Aarur 3ararHeM o6rqo c ra3 rrepra. II{e Hu rroAcerqa 3a eJreHa B cKoK
roBa Aopr{ u 6ee ila rpaBrrMe rnaBa (3,4).
- Eto, qe Beqe cH LIMaMe "E" Karo eJIXa Ir "E" Karo ex{Ko. Cera nu rpx6aa "T" v qe Mora
.qa HarrpaBg 14 Moero uue! - AoBonHo rrJrrcHa c ptvll.mu Ete.
ta
- Pas6npa ce, rle HMaMe v"T", Ho He 6'spzai.t, HeKa Aa BuEu:v-KaKBrr HoBil,qyMr.r MoxeM
Aa HaIIpaBHM c "E" 14 lpyflrre 3Bf{HIr KaprAHKIr. Aro utpnoro "O" na Oxo cMeHnM c "E"
craBa "exo", KaKTo cI{ no.4BI4KBar xopara or.4aJleq, Koraro ca Ha floxoA B rIJIaHr,IHara.
- E4uo "8" (Karo eJreH r.rrrr xaro erxa) ro erHo "X" (Karo xo4x) rrpaBr.r "EX". TaKa
Ka3BaMe, Kotaro Bb3ALIruaMe I{ cbxaJlf,BaMe 3a Heulo. Hanpzlrep: "Ex, cera Aa 6xx tolxua,
Ta Aa ce 6yxHa B toJreMur Br4p rroA no4ola4a.. .".
Oxo ne,qHara npugo6u ceplro3eH BuI\u HaMptqeHo Ka3a:
- Aopu He cr{ ro E rroMrrclxfr, 3uaeru KoJrKo e onacno!
- E, cauo ce iloilreryBax - ycMl{xna ce Ere. Bxpno e. qe cbM rliuraBa, Ho He qaK ToJIKoBa.
lI ee'Ie Kotaro re o6ugt rlnlr HarrpaB.s HsKor 6elx, u1e or6elexa "EX". A rra xaro BvrrzrlJ.,
IIIe 3Haelr, qe c6)r(aJItBaM.
€e
2 Toea necuo u 6tpso npaleulo ce "e", ce Hapuua ManKo.
To ce usnonsea Lta;t-qecmo. A dpyzomo ft<amo enxa Lutu
ecrcrco) ce Hapwta "zotrnMo" uttLt "zreBHo".
T
Ere ee.{e I4MaIrIe cBot 3Bf{Ha KaprIrHKa - Ha 3ByKa "E", c rofiro 3arlorlBa nefiHoro t4vre u
c xofiro cbrr1o 3aBbplxBa. IopN ABe - roJrrMo H MaJrKo "E". Ho KaKTo 6e xasar Oxo: "Ere"
3arloqBa c "E" rI cBbplxBa c "E", Ho IIo cpe.qara Hvra "T", KaKTo grs \4ofiro I,IMe - "X"" 3a 4a
Mo)Ke 4a or6elxsBa rlrJroro cLr LrMe, rpx6naue Aa v3Miucnflr r.r 38) rHa Kaprr4HKa 3a ro3r{ 3ByK
,,Trr.
YTT
14
- Msoro 6orrneo ilre e roBa "T". Karo ro Br4I-s Bce rue cx crroMHrna ga 6omr4re or
y6ox4aHuxra. llo-npurrHo IIIe nrrr 6r,Ae "T" Karo "TaHqy'laM", ero raKa:
. PasmeopeHu pbt{e s cmpaHu, omzope moqKa sa zrasa, uadony mnno Hanpaeu, cned myil -
maHt4y6oLqu KpaKa (l, 2). Rpar<ama o6aue uecnto ce cnunaxa u usznecrcdaxa Kamo edua nuuua
saeduo c mnnomo (4).
TTT]* ^r
t T
IIo4o6Ho e r.{ npu TaHrIyBarrIa xeHa c .qbnra Apexa, Karo poKnr r.{Jrr{ rroJra (5). Kparara
H.sMa Ia ce BHx(Aar Ir HaAony tqe ce nonf{u y,ue6enqBaHe 3a poKnflTavllv nonara (6).
Oxo npe4roxlr v "T" Karo "TLI-IaM". Harpax o6a.re JlecHara 3Bf{Ha craHa Karo ra3l{ 3a
"TaHqyBaM", caMo .re o6rpnara o6parno:
Hadony mflnomo c pasKpaqeHu KpaKa, cbc cmbnata, pbqe, u moqKa 3a znaaa.
3* _t_ _L J--
Ere o6aqe clr rrpeArroquTarrre raHrl]tsaHero. 3arosa ce crrplrxa Ha "T" Karo "TaHqyBaM".
Hafi-uocne r-f, Moxerue Aa Hanr{ue r,rMero cu. A Br4e rrle ruoxere nz?
Kagaxlae Beqe, qe Oxo, naro BcuqKH Bb3pacrHr,r o6urcHoeeHo 6e usoro saer. 3arosa ce
cTapaeue Aa [paBa 3ByrrHure KapTHHKH Hln
KCTTKOTO MO)r(e [O-Ha6rp:O u nO-leCsO. TOfi
He ce crapaeue raHr_lyBarrlHTe KpaKa Aa
rIOqBaT TOTTHO OT TqJIOTO, a rI,I ApaCBaUIe
rope-Aony orcrpaHu. Brnpexu roea
T /l\
"TaHqyBaHero" cH ruqe[e He flo-MilrrKo scHo r{ H3pa3HTeJrHo. llocrenenHo ce [oJlyqrr roBa:
,t lt
HqrcoH rlpaBexa "T" ilo-HucKo,
cgKaIII e HaBeAeHo, 3a 4.a3aeMa no-M€uIKo Mtcro. Tana ce
flonyqu e4Ho "T", Koero ce [paBelxe c rpu cJIerH ABr4]KeHlzg, HaBeAHb)K, 6rp:o u recgo. To ce
lHapwra "MarTKo"
"taHqynatqoro
ttfJIaBHo".
"T", a n6pBoro,
"T" ua E.re, ce Hapuqa
TTrnrnrn
W marca c "7" Kamo "mpuuue", Kamo "nlaHq" Luru "maHqysaM", om6enfl36axa 36yKa,
c xoilmo 3anoH*am mesu dyau. Karceo dpyzo Mo)rce da uanuluea c "7" u nosHamume Beqe
6yrceu?
TE TATE KOTE TO OT TOK TAKA
15
';'
j^ vt ,r 11
f,Ionexe oxo n4xnarue rrrJrr.rre orAqcHo, rrpaBerue "\4" ilo cnofi uaqr,rH TaKa, KaKTo e
noKa3aHo rlo-lope. Ere nrx BA-gBaure c IrflBara pT,Ka Il rrefigoro "?I" r43rrexlalxe raKa:
7i '*$
U
3a da noryrlulu u mu "ItI", Lgxumomo KoHue K.bt4 ocmpama uera edeHu.
Ere eeqe Moxtelre Aa Harlvtue r{ KaK I{ Ka3Ba Ha raJIeHo:
ETI{
Karcnu Apyru AyMurIKLr MolI(eM ga o6parynaMe c *Uft vr rro3Harr,rre rrr{ Beqe 3Byrruil
Kaprr{HKr{ A, O, X, E, K, T...?
c "vI' ) o 6p a: ys ax a v Apyrzr AwLr: Tl4, vrx, xv-xv-xll (xurup c*rax), LrxA. KoI4.
KI4T, TI4KA, KI4TKA...
ro
Eru npe4noxor r{ .qyrrrrre EiL, oiT,, AIZ, Kofr, TOIZ, ...r{o B rrx ,,tr4,'-
6e no-pasJrr..rqno. gyearue ce lo-KparKo, rro-MeKo H crKarrr rro- [., I
"*r3tsuro", cJlxro c Ap>,rrrfl 3ByK Ao uero. 3aryfi ToBa,,lI',6e uapeueno
"KparKo" - "Il-xparro" Ot6elggBa ce, Karo KbM.upyroro "W" ee
rope eIHa KpaTKa, u3BvTA qepTuqKa.
"{o6ag.f,
iv1
l_i i
aa
to
il
AA PT4CYBAME
14NVITIIEM
3AEAHO!
ffi&
/i..:b of/tt\
.r .. .*.I ilt
I t
t*
I
t
t I
i'. l t t I
1l
,att-ta
j'--*r. r'r. - -.lr
I
f*+l
i: ', ,, ,'
t'
I
li
rt
aa
.1
\:
it
*t
rr
r\
t
1t
+
r, tr.
'.r J,J .l
irll
1
,- I
1234
f,h&#, I1
t rl
tr ti r!
,.1 ,* t
t 'r" tt
i* "{-', t
I
I l. r
r /
lr t
lr
irl
t - il l'l
r ,l
18
"A" Karo otaHTI.uIo[at'.
Kpaverara cKoKJrr.rBlr, Hata3nJrrr B TpeBara;
rJraBa c pora 6oanunu, KopeMqe no cperara, oqv
ABe ytrrn, rufr, rqprxHaJru B crpaHr.{ (1).A rocJre
rtif peruuxa: KpaKara 14 porara c ABe rrepru
o6e4uHuxa. Krrr rtx - KopeMqe, TpHbrbJrHLIrIe 3a
rJIaBHrrKa, BcrpaHH - :a yruuvru(2).rreprr4rrKr.r
KprcrocaHr.r qeprr4qKu 3a KpaKara r.r potara, c
r{epra KopeMqe rro cpeAara (3); no4ceula nn
-
KaKBo e u 6es yxrrre rr r:taBa (4). Clea BpeMe H
porara e.qBa 3ararBaxa BbB 6rpsunara (5).
AAAAA It rl
-xt*
J,,
tl
tt
f1
L t
tt
V
It
^lr
ar
tt 1l Ir" rl
at a1 J{ ,t f!,
Ir rt it
, t , tt
I ,:t
,"
l1 t
1
t
lt
r! tt
tl r1
,r
11. r
1
t ,r tl r1
.:.r.r.r.r::: t t !xt!4@tu;L:7.=
:t;:::;:|fiir;W,i.,1'/li////.y';!itttt\!:::::.:::::i::il.ttLrlt!t1w/iili,t lttll I i:itiw.ir.ilitil I ti |llttltr.;+
12 4
A nocre pucyHKara 3a "A" Karo arHe, Karo t IlpaBexa n:sn 6rp:uuara, ce ilpoMeHH I4
AAAAA
l9
ntott Karo ttoBeHtt. Oeeutt, KaKTo
I{
oBIIara, rqe ro 6enexnu caMo cbc
rJraBara. A Ha rnaearanaft-
BrreqaTJrrBarrlu ca My poraTa.
Pucyraxa ro rrfi: c r.r3Bt4BKa elpa 3a
porara v Apyra, MirJrKa - Ba ruraBara. Krlr
ryfi - oKoro vrycrara (i). Ho rsx ule rr4
ocraBr{M, qe npeqar lour'a 6rpsuHara.
Iopz u 6es Aa or6engseaNae uraBara,
IlIe ce loceqaMe, qe e oBeH r,r caMo IIo
porara. C ras rcprura rrcBr4BKa [punlr.rar
Te Ha oxJrroBa B TpeBaTa.
ffi' ff#*
.{* i
I *rt r #t 3,1
ia*
rl I ?
i t* t i
* rr"*
- dt
nl t *, t*
\ i
t t\
t--
C r r'*.1 *'. 1
ta
\nt *ff ,1r
..t tt ri' r-q .bv ll
q
t r+-..t
**
1* t' !,* _- 4
r* 1'*
20
t6Ott Karo otoxrloBtt. B r.f,eo
Brzx.4are eAr{H oxnmn, rofiro
ce e noKa3aJr oT qepyrrKaTa
cu. Io-Aony B Haqanoro Ha
& 6
bt ,b
peAa, oxnloBbT ce e cKpvn B
6 I ses. Hafr-lecHoro
0 fi
& il & b or6ensggaHe Ha "oxrroB",
(* tt A
s cKpr,rT B qepynKaTa ckr, e
k &
rIoqrLI Karo roBa 3a "oBeH".
Tesa or6er fl3Banvs. cet-:a
1t @ bd "O"
o3HaqaBar caMo -
fs1 3ByKbr, c rofiro 3arroqBar
>3 ,qyMHTe "oBeH" u "oxrloB".
ffi
*
t
8* {
*##
t
t
, t
r
I
.r", *r
ri
l1
t gl
rlt 3
+t tf
I t t 1d
,i i:i:'i., I tt
tt**
l, l' I a t*
I t
.t
al ,, , t
lrI I iit
ti
I a,
)-'
* rni*-f
':*?,-
ltWW'tffiWlt"itt{:.!.!ir////////fl'r'tffiit/ffiii*{l}irll}iililf$r,$S'q{$Sggg44trtW"fJLttt'E#Fs-../,1{: ":.-:.--:a
21
ttX" Karo
"xogfi". flonyru ce or pr4cynKa Ha
xo,qeq qoBeK, c Kotro o3HallaBaxa "xo4.f,". flax ule
Jrrrqpr KaKBo e n 6es p6qere, 6es cr.ruanara ... Ile
ro rro3uaeM,.uaxce axo e 6tpsvrnara rponycHelr nufi
Aopu rnaBara. 3ararsaNae My caMo rrJroro c
Kpar(ara.
o CI s
X X XX
I
t l qrat
I ,t
l)a
o
t)
I
)t
'.
Itat
s
t )
1
ta
,t
t ra I ja i ra
a{ a a a
.l if .l .l
l1 rl ia i1
tt 'tl ti
't
-"- \- -t- t- -l- \- t
ffiffiffxx
t7
*gOosr
\,
\,
\/ I
/r-
r\,,\
\t
A
J\
t.\
t
I
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A
,\
\
22
Or Aee MoJrrrBqera ranu rpnyuacrepqera ,
Karo rH Kpbcrocare, o6pa:ynafiTe "X" Karo
"xog.f,". Harapafire ro Hal{crrrHa Aaxo4r4, a
,,X
I
KXKX t\,:,*iilllrii]liiii!//W1wll,il}lN!lt;t:;t;i*)
r'
,
;t
t
x
k
llll li:li::;',:;i:;::ii:.:,:.;.:i:.i.1.ffii
i.
.l
a,
t
,tat
I
"Xt' Karo xBT,pqu,ro. Ha pucyttKara or
ArcHo ce BIrxAar xBlpr{aqla s He6ero
xB:bpqrrra. Korxoro rloBeqe ce I,I3AI4rar,
\
TOJIKOBA TIO-MAJIKII CTABAT II IIO-MAJIKO CE \
Brrx{Aar no4po6nocrlrre. Ho rrbK rlo-tcHo
ctr ilr4rrr4 X-ro, o6pasynaHo or JIeTBHTe Ha
xBlprrunoro. Cruloro e Karo oHoBa or
"xogfl" r "xopo", xopa" u "xopoBogeq",
xBbprll,Ina.
t1
23
otK" Karo otKo3aot.
Kogara e porara, Bce ce
Karepu nefi,4e n'rbpctt cu 6ersta. Pncynaxa x eit
TaKa, a3npaBeHa rra 3aAHrrTe KpaKa:
Porara c HraBara, Halony rsroro (rup6a),
(1). (Ilpeanvffe rr 3aAHrrre rr{
a rrocJre rr KpaKara
npaBexa HaBeIHb)K, KaTO ropHa h Aonma r{acT Ha
I.I3BI,IBKA }INH KATO rrurr.)
C eAna qeprprqKa 3a porara (2,3), a rrbK
Aopu14 6eg rnaeara (4, 5), JrecHo 6enexexa
KO3aTa r.r pzBnr4qaBaxa fl, oT oBeHa, arHeTo,
oBuaTa.
rTXKK t\-
'a
i> l
!1
l.vr
t, a
f),
t,
,.
tt
l{ tC
,?
t, tt
L at t ,l
I l. , fr
gl t
, '.\ al
tt ir
I
lr
.tr
t
t
'A .w./tt#{tr/,wd,#w"lltr/,fiftwt/.i1,riilll,/,r,fi;,w-{/.///,/iilitp,ht?F/i:jl///tr|w,ir;:;tzy,F#,4 m
cbc "K"
3qnou6a cbu4o KoHtle - uzpueo, 1yilruo nuxpoeoHqe. Irlsnpaeeuo wa deama
KpaKa, u.4e xyKHe 6'opso, 6es da uarca (1). Tnaeama, taunma, z'op6a, onaraKama... da zu
Hanpasu.l4 uaeedHtJtc rcHautKama. Tas QuzypKa uzpuea u4e cu nuuu dodpe oopu 6es
zpusa. A eope KoHcKama znq6a u4e om6enecrcLun cbc uepma (3, 4) , vepmama o6ut4a
sa eup6a c qepmume 3a KpaKama docmamuqHu ca da nosuae.na uuti t<ouqemo u 6es
qepmama, c Kormo 6e 6enasqua znalama.
(kk
24
ttKtt Karo ttrcaTepu.IKatt. C prgBLtruta ofIaIIIKar
rIpH Kn eKHanpI Kp ar{eTa, H aB e.4eHo TeJlIIe, TJIaBL{qK a
KaTO JIeIxHt4K I4 IBe yIIIeTa, HO C peCHI4qKIuI, KaKBIITO
HMaT BCI{qKI4 KaTepl,rqKn "
?4 14 16H
,'-'- ,q
r I
,l-l
,.\
', i r' '," I rL
I
11.-t I t I
,
I l,
I
l : fr?tt!
llfi t#}\i,\i-rr'iSs- L:i::::1::1L::;r li j
i :l l l r\\$l$l li l1l
t^
LL 34
Mraxa, BI4A.[xMe KaK cg non]nrl4 "K" Karo "Ko3a", Karo "Karepl,IqKa" Ir Karo'oKoH". "K"
MOX(e Aa Ce HanI,IUe IIO pa3nLIrIH[ ],i,ArM]HLl, HO O3HarIaBa eAHO CSUIO HeIqO: 3ByKbT "K".
F{a gornure ynpaxnere B rrpaBeHero Ha 6yr<na "K".'I OlurafrTe ce Aa Harruruere
pe.4oBe ce 14
25
(6Ett
or tterxatt. 3a uo-
roJrrMa 6rpsuua He npaBtr
\snaTa eJIXa, ocTaBa caMo
.r$
ffi&ffint
rroJIoBLrHa. Ho scr,uluocr
'! ll ]HaIfirv B lopaTa 3aKpI'rBaT ce
eJrxa c enxara? 11ralr re ne
ce BLrx{AaT UeIII4, eAHa BT,B
ffi* L L L
I l
i
rrf-r
t
ar
r.L-+_
\-rf-'
--A--
t
I
'l--*
I
r rl-
f
I
f -
-t--'
a
a1
I
I
J
t
H*v
*;^;
I
I
I )
I I
ir l.a_ _ n' *q* -
* r;; rt*
*f--
':-::-*ffi
I
, *
r:i#r./liilllllri:jiiiia'ffi tE::;;;;l*L:iiiiill::::: iitits{.:.::tiD1..lt1tl.l.ii:;::a./1ffi::.::!w}.!..t!,lll,l,f. i:
P"#-;,,,:{lirD;;:'(llii,"1:*M{.::i;77,1ffi i::'.1,r$f
26
otEt'Karo ttextKott. Pncyea ce raKa: MyIIyHKara I4
{.v
ryF
t
. t-- _
fl
I I _ -_
yf
I
e-H_ c
2'7
"T" Karo toTpbHget'. Flgroz pacreHlr.rl I4Mar rpbnqera, c
Korrro ce rra3rr. Haft-6rpaoro 14 JrecHoro rrM or6en.f,geaHe
cTaBa c eIHa r.r3npaBeHa qepTa 3a ocTpoTo Lr HaA Her eAHa
rro-Kbca, (lerilana) 3a "4prxrara". Ceta rosa or6err3BaHe
o3HarlaBa caMo "T" Karo "TptHqe" nbpBl4tr 3ByK, c rofiro
-
3afroqBa Ta3v AyMATA.
Ho moea "7"
KAmO "mpbHue"
3a HflKou 6ewe
ManKo Sodnueo u
npednouumaxa
,rTrt
Kqmo
"maHr4yBa.Mt',
KAmO fEtq f t --
"maHqt'LutLr t,
-irr
I 1, I
"maHI4bop". tf
l1
l
Om1ennseaxa eo I
1l I
c maHqyqaryo !
I t I
LtoBeHe (eucrc i I
dony).
ttT" Karo t'raHqynau. PasrneopeHu p7r4e 6 cmpaHu, omzope mattKa 3e zrale, uadony mnno
Hanpazu cned myit - maHqysarl4u KpaKa.
Koraro KpaKara ce rlarlpaBtr MHoro 6naeo, rorrrrr ce cJrrrBar n 3arrpunllqBar Ha porJrr, Karo
3a raHIIyBaIIIa )KeHa. Tona yle6ersBaHl{e 3a poKnrra e 6rpsznara ro or6enx3Baxa Bce rro-
JIeKo Ir qecro rlorrrll He JIIrqe[Ie. Qecro rorlKara 3a rrraBa vtnh egtBa t 3ararBax a, vtrrt g.
lponycKaxa. Ho u rarca $nrypKara HarloMurrxe.4ocrarr,qHo 3a raHrlyBaulo qoBeqe.
Ifpunuva Ha "7" Kamo "mp'bH", HanLr?
TT T TT
,-r.trtr
-l ,t *-tI - l p*-1t -r. .- -l- ** *-=$--t
T ll I $
, t\ I t *
,,t
l1 tr
rr 1!
lt
lt
,f I
I
!r rr l:
l1 lr
*l
28
Hnrcou npalexa "7" no-uucKo, cnKaLu e uaeedeuo, sa da 3ae^4a no-ManKo ancmo. Tarca
ce noryttu eduo "7", Koemo ce npalelue c mpu cremu deucrceruun ruaeedut crc, 6t pso u
necHo. To ce ruapurtq ".r\,IanKo" "m". Ifupeomo, no-zolr.nMomo ce Hapuua "zlrarHo".
lrt
Itl
.*-t--
A ero KaK ce rronf{u "T" or o6pasa Ha "Trlfbp". [onrplrere or6el.g3BaHlztra Ha AonHI,It peA.
ffi T
\ '-q.- -l
'll' I
1"*,;:!----*,-r.
| ---- ,_t----'r,
I
', \;/\ir
rl I
rt
rl I
tr l' a
tt a
la tl ,.
t(
''^t"'
29
"W" lnaro "*rf r t'. Tx pnra ocrbp Bpbx, Ha Kpat - Ay[r]HIIa-
ylue,3a BAsBaHero Ha KoHqe. Vruero ce rrpaBa rpy4Ho, Ho
axo s 6elexlrM caMo cbc qeprr4rla, He lrle e rcuo :.yit urna tu
t)
MMIl
i
I
I t.
lr
t-
t tl
Ir ,t-t I rl
t, ; ,' t l r
l
t
I
lt
I tll 1t .at
I I I
l.l ,
I
I
-t.' :*
--t
lt
/ \
tt
rt
t
om uepmuuKama 3a uera u u36u6Kama 3a KoHqemo KbM Hen ce noryltu "IrI" Kamo "rzna"
fope uznama e c Bpbx Hazope, ednuama om dncuo. ,\ony nurc e c 6bpxa nadony, c edauam
KoHev om Jtfqo. fopnomo "Irf " ce Hqpwta "zne7Ho", a donHomo "n,' ,,A4arKo,'.
-
I !,
.' '.t ;'
tl
l.
, ,,it
It
lt
,, ,,,
uuu
K}. $fftrl#$, i
30
[a npo6naMe Lt "VI" Karo tturrlrlrcatt. Vlrtuxara e
KpacHBo, apoMarHo rlBere c x(bJITH useroee.T.s ce
pr4cyBa rro-TpyAHo, Ho rrocJle.qyux, uait-tteceH 3a
or6enqgnaHero fi HaquH e [or{TI4 Karo ro3rr 3a
rllpBoro "tr4" :ra'Io "r4rra" c KoHeII.
fre
MM V Ir _., -r
lr" t /t'ti ", t7
\it
\tr
tr,
,
,/l lt
\r
tl
I
1l
I
I
t/r
tt
It
I
, ,l
r I
t1
I
\1
'^: \ ,,, \ tlt \!
I
t' 'lf .
t/t
'lr
31
Tyxnu, Bap, qr.{MeHT npeBpbilIa
nrafrcroptr B KpacnBa Kbrrla.
34pana Ia ca it creHrrre-
Mepr{ ToqHo rofi burrrre.
brnlrre ca
Haff-pa:nuuua:
brbn Mex{,qy
ABE CTEHII,
srbn Me)KAy
ABe rpe.4r4,
brbnbT rrpu
cneroSapa
Me)KIy 4Bura
rporoapa.
----t--
"b"Kum' "'bzbrr" cbc npamuqKa - mtil u1e zo no3Hanm BcultKu. Karc nonyuu ce moaa? IIle
ysHaeril mu ceza.
I
r I
I I I
I t-
lrt I ly l---. I
ll I
lr l1 t
t,I r ri I
t, ,
11 I It t,
I
N
-h! \a I Ll_ ll
-r I
I
32
Ero "b" Karo bfr'Il{! cKJIIolIeHr{ Mexqy fpe.{n u 3alor{Harv creHrr B KbIrIa, rero ce crpolr.
:\r1: tl - -ri
ll
il
l(
- - -t - lt \
t
I il
I lrl
I ..
II
I
-Lr- - - -r JI - - -t
I4 HanxpHo 3aroBa
TO npunur{a Ha HeIIIa,
B IyMUr{K[Te 3a KOr{TO
"b " npLutLrLta Ha B'bJrKg HeerrbpBo,aecKpr{To. "b" npunltqa u Ha z'bcKg.
KJleKHAr, de6Uettl Ho o:r Bcr.rrKr4 3ByKoBe Baucuo xodu mn
6bB HOrumA "b" ce qyBa Hafi-Ao6pe. u cbcKa.
b _lbm
J-l
Ilpuxarrca sL'(Y))
Emo rcarc pucylaxa yxo: ... om6enaseaHemo My c dtnea, cno)rcHa ussuaKa 6e mpydno (1).
3amoea npednouumaxa da zo npalnm na daa nbmu: c edua no-Kbca u36u6Ka sa npeduama
ttacm u edua no-durzct sa saduama c BucyrKama dony (2). Tarca ce noryttu "V" Kamo yxo (4)
-
p ?''g'v y
,". t ' I
| .-r t , \ I
rJ t I
i ', I \,
t I
a
, I
L
-.'
i.*rfis$ssssss$sss$$Nt
I 5
34
I
Mumn 6e uynala, qe "Y" HtKola
o3uaqaBaJlo "ycMuBKa" turv"ycra". 3aruo I4 KaK
ce e rron1r.runo o6a.{e He 3Hae[Ie. fluraute, uo
suxofr He Mox{eure ilait orroBopl'I' Carvra ce
AOCerr,r, cneA Karo BeAHbx orI'IAe sa {pIPK.
Tau uuaure $oxycnr'rqu, arpo6aru, peAKr{
xHBorHI{, TaHIIbopI4 Ir My3I4KaHrrl'.'.Ho or
BcIrqKo B ul{pKa rq Hafi-N,IHoro o6rl.larrre
cMeIrIHIlTe Kno)'HI'I. Te uuaxa gafi-ronerr'lare u
BeceJrr4 ycMrrBKLI Ha cBera. (II{e wt Kaxa eAHa
MaJrKa raitlna: Te ce rpLIMVpar,pucyBar ce rlo
JrrrqeTo, 3a Aa rr3fJlexAaT ycTr'ITe I'IM OIIIe IIO-
roJIeMpI 14 ycMlzxHarIa. Tara ce Bl4x{.4ar 14 or
Hafi -4aneuuure pe4one.)
& 'g)
Hvy
[a uaupanlrM I4 HIre ycMI'IXHarpI Karo ycrara Ha KnoyHa"Y"
t
I
t
t
,t
*
t
I
I
t
K$ill,ir#
35
Mraurnero, Marlero rr rruqo Mapuu
fuA^ N/\
|\,
{':;- -l.,t,- r'-
rl,
fr
t.
I.' -' t-t'\
;\
ll I f,.--*'
-S..-
"
Murulero 6erue
cTpaxnrrBo, HO CBIIIO
urnzuro,
.4OCTa
--i-z^-'ri$= rraKocTJrrrBo r{ uelxe Aa e MHOTO
.r" ,. ,. iri! qacrJrr4Bo, aKo He 6eure rorxata.Ts
Ae6Herxe .4a xBatua MHrrrKr4 He caMo
,* / 3A Aa tu
s.Ae, a 34 AA s, XBaJrrT
/ BcrrqKr,r u Aa s. qepIIrT c6c MJreKrIe.
/\ "-."\,
\r'
#.,1<i*:,:: !L!{{.adi.i.r+-}F*:ii..::ir,in il
Torasa fi xa:saxa Ha faJIeHo "Maqe,
MaIIe, MaIIe..." U.S MHnBaXa no
rap6a.
II{ou .ryxr "Msy"}rJrr4 rrbK BtrlflT
ila HaAHwraT IBe OCTpH yIIIeTa,
i {i,\.\yiiii i
Be.4Hara 6grar Ia ce cKpr4xr 6rp:o
MZIJIKI,ITC MI,IIIIJICTA.
3a r.flx re 3rlaqar "Mfly", Ha
MLIIUI e3IrK "KorKa", Kogro ge6ne,
MaKap r{e ilpaBi.r ce Ha KpoTKa.
36
o-'*--r.
t\
{-j
t/
\ft@,/
p.--*4*
flrr< sHaere JII.{, Ta3Ic KorKa, Kosro lrpanr{ ce I{a KporKa, e Bcbrrlnocr nruraBa,
prpLIBa, a HsKora H rIaKoorJII{ea. qecqo ce cnf{Barrre ga 6yrue, cq)mx r{nr.r oApircma
Helqo. If axo.{pyrurs fi nporqanaxavxpr cauo fi ce Kapaxa, uuuo MapuH c toJieMare
Mycraufi cEpAHTo KtBBaIrIe c.qe6erus cld ilrac''M-M-M" Lr.fi HaK:BBarrre crporo. Kaxro
Mi,IIIrJIerara ce crpaxyBar or KorKara, TaKa rr KorKara ce crpaxynarue or uuuo Mapnir.
Or scraqKo safi-Iranoro t BneqarJrrBaxa Mycrarlr.rre Ha ro3]I crpor Mbx( I,I tt1oM rH
3bpHerrre (ulu qorvr qyeule HeroBoro "M-M-M"), TE ce ApbrrBarrre flo-HacrpaHa.
Ouqe omdaneqe, Kozemo He nuvarn
KOCAWA U ytuume, Oqume u Hocbm,
ma eucrcdalue zoneuume tvtycmaqu acHa
u 6azawe danev. ve no-e 6esonacuo.
37
Jla.uerara na Jlullr
IIulu MHoto o6u.rarxe rlBer.r{Tr, a
or Bcr,rtrKr,r rlBerr nafi-unoro xapecBalrre
nuurerara. C uerupneHrre qaKarrre
rrpoJreTTa, 3a.4a rroHr{KHaT B fpa4,rHKaTa
ir.
flrpno
ce rroKa3Baxa or 3eMrra
rrverara (1). Te rroHr4rBaxa or
nyKoBr,rqr{Te, Korrro lororaBa 6sxa cnatu
ti
3IIMEH CbH.
tl
Cne4 ryfi nopacrBaxa cm6tnqara
'|
c rrbrrKr4re (2), or Kor4ro pasqr$rxnaxa
rlBeroBere (uanrrxre) na .rranerara (3).
Bcsxa eceH rpaAvHara ce
npeKorraBarue. Jlanerara rr{ HrMarJre,
no Jlznv 3Hae[re, qe ca ce cKprrnv B
cBoI,rTe nyKoBr4rlr{ B 3eMrTa H rraK rIIe
nopacHar. Jlyroeuqure rpr6naure 4a
ce r,r3poBrT r,r naK Aa ce 3aca4.rrT rro-
rrJrrrrKo. I4Haqe [uxa Bce rtoBeqe Aa
flpofia.uar v ra ce rary6.rr B 3eMrra.
4I\d
///ffi{#.:|*. ,///
A
JryKoBrrrla,3a Aa 3Hae KonKo e
rrocaArrJla Ta3r,r eceH H KoJrKo
ue nopacHaT HalponeT.
JraJreTa
llporerra nrr< Ha6lro.qaBarxe pt *
c paAocr or6ensgsarue
IIOHI4KBAHETO HA BC'KO JII{CTO,
BceKr{ pa:qr(fnan or Her rlBrr
n n
HA JIAJIE.
Hail-necuume pucyHKu, c Koumo
om6 enasealae ryKo suqa u
nucmo ceea o3Haqagam caMo
i(JI"
-3ryKbm, crcoilmo
3anoqsam mua dyuu. Ha moea
"Jf " HanoMHflMe docma u
om6ennseaHemo ua q'aSuano
nane. Cauo demo ce npasewe c
LUU?OKAWA qACm HAeOpe, Q He
uadony u 6e no-sao6neuo.
ty \y U
W.4;'..'W1f,F:+tXA;;.rt#l#jr#SSSS#SSSffi):",:t;./A ^
";::;..,
38
Jlull,u craparenHo ce rpuxeme 3a nanerara. Oronaealre ru r,r noqucrBarrre
TpeBara, 3a .qa He r,rM [pequ Aa pacrar. Peronno ru rroJr]rBarrre, Ho BrrHaru c ll.eitxa
3arqoro c MapKfr craBarrre 6rp:o. Hane4nrx ce rroJruBaxa MHoro rlBerr. Ho c refirara
BCTKO IIBeTe Ce r{yBCTBarXe CIIeUUanHO, OTAeJIHO yBaX(eHO, HeIIOBTOpI,IMO II e.IITHCTBeHO.
IIulu no eAHo naneraravrvrv, roBopeue Karo Ha 6m,r:ru upuxrenr. A re
rIoJII,IBarrre eAHo
or roBa craBaxa Bce rro-e.qpr,r Ir Kpacr,rBrz. Tar[sa [penecrHrr naJrera nnxofi ne 6e
Brrx.{an. Bcu.rxn MrrHyBaqr.r ce 3arnex.qaxa B T"rrx c Bb3xr.rilIeHr.re.
Muororo BoAa Molr(eue.ua HaBpeAr.r Ha rlBerrra. 3arona, 3a ra He rrpeKaJII4 c
rroJrr4BaHero, rJull,u or6ergsearrre KoJrKo r'efixu e 3aHecJIa.
fi'fir Il I
A,
l*--i
rl
fr
rl
t
I
I
I I
I
l\
{t
Ir
Ir
l"
t
; l\
tt'
I
I
t
I
I
I
t
I
t
l1 tt I
r, I I
I
I
I
I
I tl t a
-nllAAt:,'iii;:'::T:::ff::#Y;:'.:'*:*
A
"JI" da ce nonyqu Lt om
Jr4octce
pucyHKama Ha nncmosuqa. Cauo ue e
Hefl ca cKpumu dle "JT": edno no-
zorntwo 3a Kpurama u eduo no-MarKo
3A JrnCmO qUUAWA OuQURA. {\ A
39
J{axcorstxxst Etocopor
t t t
wnilW&Kk$Mtf?Wsl:tfnwwM
ffiffiffi
oqsetnewe pucyHKume ?ope, 36 da nonyuurue pssnuLt*u, 6ce vta-Jiec*tt
(w na-n'tant<u) om6ennszattufl 3q Hocopoe. Hat<paa ce susw&s, orc
uail-
necH9 clna?a c dse usnpa?ettu uepmu 36 KpdKa, uecrcdy Tnnx edua ss
-
Fnnnorno c ysucHailun Kopetut, u dpyea Kbc{t, HaKEOH7HA eA uaeedeuaffia
n|y zna6a. Tn no-*tanxo nwlu u a 1'apswuatna nhf{nKo^a €e fipoTtyc&e"
Tasa uail-necwo om6ennsssi{e ocmaHano da a3,aq&Ea "t{'1 Karfia
"*ocopoe". Ta amoeo npunw, ua eduo opyea ',f{,' - Kdf?xa ,,H{}c.fr',"
*F I --F:€-{__
i j_i_-_l____.-$_
40
1-{*c*:pcra:r rdFloro CIe pa,Eeerue .r{a ErrArr B AurerrFruara KaK Kbr\{ r{eFo I,IABat rrocaqu,
HCOe$dH Tex{Kr{ }IocHJxKfi c xpa!{a.
Sripex::opa:r:npx6narue ga c6e"ruxsea KonKO Hocr.rJrKra ca AoFr€celm. Toft 6eure xo.quN e
CTBAI{ATA. KT}AeTo x{I{Eeeiile F{c*opor6T 14 rZ3rrOJI3EAIrie pucyl{K&Ta, c Ko.rrTo TaMOTUHI{Te
xopa oSHaHatsaxa "Iiocg" I{itI.{ fipocro "H" Karo uocx. Tc npla$H.rarue I{a ABaMa Hocaqrl c
x'ioer{JTIG{. Cnutaft:ne H E}re J{a I{a{rpaBLITe pasrltqu}tr "H" Karo 'unoc.fl". Osiaxraosen[o ce
H3{r&Jr3!tstl fioct{eEEiaTc, uafi-;lecnoto. Touuq}rTe r{arroMrr.gT 3a FJraEr,ITe r{a Hogerrdrdre
cIoner{era. I{o secro !{ Te ce lTponycKar"
$re u:npaaeFiu Eeprrr - qotseqera H Mexqy rrx
eg;{a "fierHa.Ea'o "{eXira-HscHEKa Aocrar6a{r{o HaxroN{H.sxa 3a "H" - 'or{ocx".
€*g Ld
f",ft $ &
f$
,I
IR
S-l
BB
[[
eq
*it
g4l
ft
LJ se€)
r!
al
B3
-rl rt
1l II
j".t tg
- j#"
{tr
.s.- - _;\
qc
;! * ?**ri 1-"n
8" fr .tirl e9
t{ fr
itYt
L* b;
I it ,!
*L"
r{
rt
I Ni
AI
foneMrlqr Krrr rr MaJrKara pu6na
(uo P. Kznnuur)
-\
pp iI {!
\ {l
jt$"tc',
f t { t. I
lr** t t1 I t
qt \-*r
glr J; 0rl St I
{..T tt
T
t
r"
P
I
-
't
t pf
d-
;! r rr* I
tritl rtl l
I
"i/ r rq
\+"1 i c
{,i .t
42
flo 4uroro Ha Mopero uMa pa3nr,rrrHrr BoAopacrv, v,LT1,L\ parcowuru. B
paKoBrrHHTe )KlrBe.rr paqera. Ero e4ua paKoBrrHa (1). Tx ce BHX.qa u.sra. Ho HrKor{ ca
3apoBeurl B rr.flcbKa - erHrr rro-MaJrKo, rpyfrr rroBeqe (2,3).Cxpurara pn6ra Kporyrura-
xllTpyrrrKa 3afipunuqBarrre rrMeHHo Ha rrocJreilHara paKoBr4Ha, nafr-:arpura n n-acrra (4).
Kurrr cH Ka3Barrre: "He Ml{ rpx6nar 6oArlzsn H TBbpAr{ paKoBuHH" r,r orMr4HaBarrre.
Bcu'{rcu [peAnor{uraxa Aa or6ensgsar pw6aupaKoBr4Ha c Hafr-necrurre prrcyHKu.
Te o6aqe MHoro clr npunr4qaxa 14 cJrel BpeMe c rrx o3Har{aBaxa caMo "P" - raro pu6a
I{JII{ Karo paKoBI4Ha. flrpnoro ce Hapl{qa "rraBHo P",^.4 BToporo - "MarKo P".
p
\r
pp .t
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ommoeaea Ha;reaJrcuomo Heu4o, Koemo omtruuana cnoHs om BCuuKu dpyzu
crcuBomHu, 6e cnoncrcunm Hoc, HqpeueH xo6om. /{ocmamt'uuo e da ce ua6enetrcu yxomo,
znasama u uafr-eeqe dtnzua xo6om, sa da ce cemu BCeKLt, rte cmana dyaa sa cnon. Om
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fony ,uotrce de ce sudu KaK ce noryuu "c" r.t om om6ennssaHemo Ha "cKopnuoH". Toit e
dpe6uo, Ho onacHo JrcuBomHo. Izlseusa zbp6a cu Hazope u Hanped, zomor da yxane c
ompogHomo cu wunqe, aKo 20 HanadHam.
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eIHo flanaraJr\re Ha urrae llanu. Te 6sxa MHoto
go 6pu rrpurrenrr. flouexe nalararqero xo.rB eeru e
B AarerrHI,ITe TOTTJTII CTpaHr{, Te pe.{OBHO Cr4
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rrrrcMara cv rrernero or6er.flssarxe c p[cyHKa ce6e cH TaKa (1). Tona 6e Heroeu.f,r
Ilo.4nuc. Oreru, Ha nJII,IKa nbK pr,IcyBarue [arraraJlqero, 3a Aa e rcHo Ha Koto Aa ce
3aHece.
flanaranqero rlpaBelxe o6parno: noArrrrcBarxe ce Ha Kpas Ha rr[cMoro larca (2),
a Ha TIJIITKa or6en.sssaure nerJre. Tosa ogHaqaBarrre: "4a npracrutHe rrpu rrerrrero".
Zenpaqaxa cI{ qecro cro6rqeHnx. 3a uo-6rp3o r.r JrecHo rroHrKora lpo[ycKaxa
HtKou uogpo6uocrr e or6erflsBanuflTa.kl6esrsxcr4 Jrr{qelre, pas6uparue ce KaKBo
o3HarraBar. Ero rax ce [poMeHrxa re:
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[nere or6ensgsaHr4r roJrKOBa clr [pr4nuqaxa, qe cnyx{r{Tenr{Te B ropcKara noqa
r{ecro ce qyAexa Koe or Harp)maHr.rre cro6uleuux (nucva) sa Koro e. 3a Aa ue ce
o6rprear rrpuexa c r,rtx Aa ce o3HaqaBa caMo "fI" Karo nereJr r4Jrr.I Karo rtafraraJr) a cneA
Tflx Aa ce ro6aegr or6ensgsaHvflTav Ha rpyrrrre 3Byrlu B HMeHara uu. Kou care?
ll Koumo om6enaseaHunmn 3a
"nemer" Lt
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"nanazert"
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Aony e rloKa3aHo KaK ce [on] rra "fI" or or6ensssaHero Ha Iltno rrerne. To nero ce
pa3nuqaBa or Apyforo H ce Hapuqa "MarKo n". A flbpBoro ce HapI4tIa "rraBHo".
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,[a uanpaeuu saeduo "Il[" Kemo weilua:...Edua neznana dtnza qepma u mpu usnpaaeHu
no-Kbcu. (ITpednama Kbcq e neKo u36uma K'bA4 donnama. Tz'nxama qepmuqKa omeope e sct
cedanrcama. IrI 6es da 6tde om6ennseaHa, pucyHKama docmambvHo HanoMHn sa wertua.
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IIIanrca
Te runpoxu ca BcrpaHv,
Ila3gr c.f,HKa xat' ctpexa.
"LU" om LuanKa 3a ena6a,
na3eula om monnuHa.
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,\a nanpaeuM "8" Kamo epa6ue. IIpu emopama pucyHKa oKomo e ua6ennsaHo camo c
moqul4a, Kpuromo - c teKa u36u6Ka. B mpemama ca nponycHamu oKomo, Kpuromo u
qepmwtKume sa onautKa u Kpaqemema, Ho u mn docmambqHo HanoMHn sa epa6ue. Edua
u3npa6eHa qepma sa zpz"6vemo, MQLKQ us7u7Ka 3a zra7amQ u no-zotttj4a 3a Kopetrr\emo ca
docmamuqHLt, 3a da Hu nodcemnm sa epa6vemo u da ce om6enetrcL4 "6" Kamo epa6ve.
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"Boga" c rr3Bu'Ia Karo BbJrHrr IrHHt4g.3a .{a ire t rIoMr4cJII,I ngrofi ga 3vtktfl, orAony
rrocraB.rrxa eIHa rrepra Karo 3a 6pm (1).
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Tpydno u 6aeHo 6uno da ce npasflm KnoHu u nucma, 3amo6a om6enaseanu c edua u36tt6Ka
HaeedutJtc KopoHaml. t'zopnama vacm) na dupeomo. Ou4e no-necHo 6uno da ce omflenasea
lllllilf ifi$.€ffi i4K.9;;rilt?lntt;"W,m-Xy#l,tlW.l'ffi
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ua d'apeo, onacaHo om duuosaetp.
52
Om pucyuxama, c Kofrmo om6enaseanu dpeuery duuosae'up, ce nonyquno cbrl4o ",4".
MeeueKa sa ztp6a, qepma sa Kopewa, nocne dpyza u36usKa 3a taunma ("nnza "etpxy maa
sa ztpda), era6amA, Kpauemama.... ffarcpan deeme u36unKu novmu ce cnueam. IIod
qepmdma sa Kopel4a ca om6enasaHu c dee no-uanKu qepmuqu KpaKama.
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"q Earon.re xBbpKoBaro, rlepBeHo Karo MaK,
[purrenrre Kpr4Jraro, sarqo uo6erna uax?
Bre Nloxra plqr.{qa He rrr nu 6e 4o6pe?
Orcry6ua ce r.r Jrr{THa KbM cr.rHboro ue6e.
Tu xepanure roHIr[I, Bvtp.fl lrvt, qe loguax?
Ho rnoero MecreHrle ne e 6paue npr4 T.f,x.
C 6anoH.ie ra vffpaflT rrocnyrrrHr{Te reqa,
a nTI4IIIITe xerasT Myrxr4ur,r rr 3pbHrla.
FaJoH.Ie xBbpKoBaro, a3 KaH.f, Te c IIoKJIoH:
ena Aa cv r4rpaeM Ha Harrrz.s 6anron!
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H*pucyeailme c nowoLqma Ha moqKume eunwe6cmeomo, npu Koemo ce nonyvu om "3"
cattqe. Onumailme da napucyeame om "3" 3ative, Kamo uy do6aeume ztana, oKo, Hocre u
onaLuKct. Kpavemama iloJrce da ocmquam cKpumu om mpesa unu da ?u Hapucy6(tme.
56
3ur peurv ra ce ilopa3xorr4 orrle MaJrKo r.r3 KHrlrara. Ha gpyrara crpaHuqa fi ce
cropl4, r{e Buxna Apyro "3" - 3afiqe. Peuru 4a ce upu6 JrH>KLt, Ho ro3n nrr no-6anHo }r rro-
BHvMareJIHo, 3a .[a He ro I,I3IIJIa:lJu. Vl4o6pe, qe 6eure [pe.qrra3nr4Ba, 3arrloro roBa "3" ce
yge6enra rope u rro cpenara (1,2)... To craBarrre Bce rro-roJrxrrao,o6pasyeaxa ce rJraBa,
Kparrera, oraruKa (3)... pasnepH Kprrna, orBopr4 ycrav us6rrsa or-Hr (4). 3uefi!
Mouuqero 6tp:o LI3peaIe srrlxe6HlrTe ryMr,rtrKr.r u...orHoBo 6e erH or crpaHr.rllara
Io KHI4rara. Hanacanure 6yrna cI4 crorxa traK Ha Mecrara raKHBa, KaKB]rro 6xxanpegu.
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ffi fl F rffi
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flplrrca:xa 39 "f". B nneuero Ha rlMar4Te
cBerrleHo xflaBorHo 6e rapnanrr. Hsrora B e.4Ha
Horq ue6yxHaJr nox{ap H rapBaHrr c rparieHero crr
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Toeae
Arco o4eemume
6CeKU ZUJITHACWUK Om
pLtcyHKume e dncuo
u4e eudume, qe me
npunuuam Ha zra8Ho
"I-" rcamo zapsaH.
"f"
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Kamo
rr l(gjf-.:iji;7/41:::::.i::::::f iI
HqKou or6ensgeaxa "r" Karo rr,cKa, rJIeIaHa orcrpanla. Ta:r.i pucluKa 3anpunl4qa Ha
MaJIKoro "r" Karo fyulep.
C edruo
deulrceuue ce
npaqu zragama c
utunma u
Kopexna. fup6z'm
ce ua1ennsea c
a
donttnruumenua
uepmuurca. Tn
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BoiiHrlqure Hocsr eAHaKBH )rrla$opMa. Tarasa cu
ocraHanri orKaKTo rlapcrBoro Sulo eguo. trIpe4z ga
3arroqHe Oramara rpr6nalo "4a ce orxr{irar rro Heulo. l{a
e-(HrrTe nofinuqu 3a[oBrAalr.{ cKopo Ia Hap}rcyBaT Ha
)'z---r
J:' l*
lla ce ynpa>rcHuM s om1ennseaHeme Ha "fl" Ha mesu dea
peda. B xou apyeu dyuu unta "fl"? I{anlluteme dyau c "fl" u
no3Hamume eu 6yxeu.
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B npnra:xure 6es ra rraKa
Bbprxr4 nolBrr3r,r roHaKa.
Cpe.tly 3Mer c qHT H Mer{
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3auusaxa ce oLqe enaduu,.r4bqumerHu dnu.\4
KOtaTO Ber{e He B.rlpBaxa, qe ue oIIeJIe.flT,
cbrnelaxa s He6ero qafixa. Hafixure xhBerr
rpafi 6peroeere. Toea 3Haqe[re, ue 6perur e
na6rlrso! Tona guaqeIue cnaceHue! Taxaea
oFpoMHa pa.{ocr se 6nxavrgrrr4'rBaJrur HaKora
IIpe3 XT4BOTA eld.
Crrorana re ce npoMenr.rxa. He rpa6exa u ne
Hanap.ax , a 3atur,rraBaxa MHpHI{Te ropa6u or
npyrilTe []rparrr. IrI rexen cr.tMBoJr (na suauero n
Ha.{p}TH rvrecra) se.{e 6e He qarrraTa, a'rai4xara.Haitxa'ta, KO'TO HAIIOMH'UC 34
TtxHoTo cflaceHl{e 14 BIbxBaIIIe Ha.{eX{Ia.
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Ilpurcasrca 3a tollt'
KyBeprropr4, no ryruftxu
nxypa6urtKrr, Ha Apexz r4 ;s
l
AOCIIeXn, BSpXy 3HaMeHa, MOHeTII, BO3HJIa....
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Cne4 qapx nafi-uo.rfiraHoro Herrlo B ToBa rlapc:rno 6xxa
rlBerrra. Or rcpacznu [o-Kpacr4ev, c uafi-pa3JruqHlr $oprrau n
rlBeroBe, Te parBaxa oqr,rre HaBcrK6.{e. Bcsro qsere 6e pr
HrKaKbB rlrp, 3arrloro neKyBarrre or HrKaKsa 6orecr. Or
BCt4r{KH Kpar{ua Ha cBera r,r.qBaxa xopa Aa lI4 fnerar v Aa ce neKyBar. 3arosa Ha
MoHerLITe uso6pa:xnaxa naft-naxnHTe Herrla 3a rlapcrBoTo: rlap Ha npeAHlrre crpaHr{ Ha
MoHerl,rre rr rlBere - Ha o6parnure.
-f r\
Ka3axue, qe qap.f,T MHoro o6uqaIue ce6e cu. 3aroea 6e
3arroBt.qaJl 4a ro or6eJlf,3Bar Ha MoHerLITe JIeKo, Ha pbKa, a He
Aa rH ceKar rpy6o c .ryK I{ KitJrbrl, c "Qpac" LI "Tpgc". B
IIapcTBOTO IdABAXA BCe rroBeqe XOpa, r4Marue HyxAa oT Bce
rroBer{e MoHerH, a pbrrno re craBaxa rpyAHo u 6anHo. 3aroea
or6erxssaHero 3a rlap rtocrerreuHo 3a no-6rpro r,r [o-JrecHo ce
frpoMeHl,r TaKa:
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OsuaqaeaHero Ha rlBere nbK ce npoMeHr{ rro ro3t4 HaqrrH: pr4cyBaxa qalrlKara Ha
rlBerero c K6ca Apbxrqr4rla a rrvrcr (:a 4a He ce 6rpxa c Kopoua). flocne flpaBexa uBerqero
uuu
c e.4Ha o6rqa r43Br4BKa, a KbM Hex go6aerxa Aplra rro-MaJrKa 3a rucrr{ero.
ar
t r'l 1^. '
t, n' rl
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a
I
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Ha zopuume npa3Hu MoHemu om1eneilceme 6yKsu "I!" rcamo "t'1reme" unu "t1ap"
67
II{, qrprceJrbr r.r qacrr{ero
;' tt tt
\\- -- - - - ,'-"" tlr
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?to wLLt
't
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';11, LlLllJ.ll.iiri::i:ii:jiilt Ltlllt tL r riitjt:; i:,99.1iir.\rrir:=r.ij:iliiiiil1ll4g.ffi.al-\-L\:-:=
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HO
t#::;"i :j;'::-,!,"t"#k,' *'".*"
npocwo "W"
--4":7 --l--'--
"-x*; :;::: w w
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69
66(Dte
flpunarna 3a
HsKora B TbMHoro xopara cr,r cBereJrr,r cbc cBerqu. 3a Aa crosr rro-3ApaBo H naHe
Karltr IIo rlo4a, Macare I,InH pbllere, rr.r cJraraJrn Ha cneur4aJrHri rrocranrz (1). Ho or
B.f,Tbpa re JrecHo yracBirnu. 3aroea vsvrvtcrvrrr4 Aa rr,r nocraB{T B Heuo: B Kyxrd,
Lr3crbpraHl4 Tt4KBIr, a rocJle, Karo orKpr,rJrr,r crbKJroro, B crrerlr4aJrHr4 [po3par{nz 6ypranu
vrrLr"6aroura". Or4ony lpaBenr{ locraBKara, a orrope - Herqo 3a xBarrlaHe c ApBxKa.
Taxa 6nn cb3AaAeH Qeneprr (2).
Om6ennseanu eo c Kpbzue (xamo "O") se "6yprcana", ua cpedama - edua d'anza
qepmwtKa 3a cseLqma c edua no-Kbca sa mawbqema; do6aen"xu donuama qacm c
ocHolama u zopHama c dpucrcrcama (j). 3a no-6upso u necHo cseLLlma u nnal4bKa
npaleru uaeednz'crc. [Io-rct'cuo o1eduuunu c edua ruHun dp'ucrcrcama cbc c6err4ma u
ocHo6qma.
fi-
.1, 1L, jri;
- t,'l
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t
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ll I tr rt! t
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tl r tl
1234
Ifocneduomo, Hail-necHo om6em3saHe 3a Qenep ceza o3Hauana caA4o "@" Kamo
"fieuep". 3au4o e mqKct, u4e pa36epeM om cnedeau4oma ucmopun. Ilpedu moea da ce HayquM
u Hue do6pe da eo om6enasaaMe, Kamo usnuuteM donnun ped.
70
l{osexe uMaJTv Apyrn IIoplqKLI, ilputren.sr ce o6:spral. Or6e:r.sgeanvflTa3a
"Sa3aH" IIoMucrIrJI, rle o3HaqaBat "Senep" u o6paruo - Te3LI 3a "$eHep" - qe o3Ha-Iagar
"$a3aH". Te unoro cvrilpvtiltnaru, oco6eHo Koraro 6ura nanpaBeHv na6rpso, uo safi-
recnr4s HarrHH. . flouucrun, .re rp.a6ea Aa pasMeHu ABa $asaua 3a ner $eHepa.
F{urofr He ce cbrnacilil ila My.4a.ue ner $enepa caMo 3a gna $a:aua. Tara ue
Iouecbn $enepu. A 4pyrunr JroBerI MHoro ce pa3cbpArrJl, 3aIIIoro H{MaJIo c KaKBo Aa cu
cBeTi{ no cneABaqoTo XoAeHe B rpaAa. Ottorara, sa da HnMa noleqe epeluKu, Tus,
orden.gseaul4t o3nar{aBar caMo "@" Karo "$enep" u "0" xaro Sasau. flrpeoro ce
Hapuqa fJIaBHo "O", a BToporo - MaJIKo "S".
;.{r l'*
q\
i** -3
oJr
4r' -i.
,I
.it -t
lr rii'*
,' t'l n
r *l t l r / r'l lil"*S
t4$*i
,t
t
': .t ,u' lll
l-*
* **- n' { ^'r ,,,,. ,,
!,rl **l-'
:7- nt ( I
-4
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tiL
*w: .;. 4#ef lt tfi.,trrjV;;a:;..:.:,:::: lll llF,r.l:'i',ii:lliiril.u^lll iliti:;i:l:::!;M
::ii;iiifiW{r'./-.!.!:.-:':", i!:tt "it::it.i..1.tl 'rtilttx,f
1 J 4
-7 1
Xta6ara u xupaQrr
fd
trt
Koraro i4Marrre BpeMe upalotatafi nrpnelre, ce
[onyr{aBarue roBa: (1). Koraro HrMarrre
t4j Hacrpoeur4e, or6erx:raue caMo nafi-saxuoro.
"flptcnate" craBaxa 6asuo I4 TpyAHo, 3aroBa rlecro
ru nponycKarue. frasara rrpaBerxe Karo rr3BI4BKa c
tttf
I "i .qBe roqvuu 3a oqr4 rrJrkt t or6e.rr.sgsame caMo c
qeprr4rrKa (2. 3, 4). ",{pyroro ce no4pa:6r4pa, BceKr,r
Molre Eacla to rrpe.4craByf'- Ka3Barrre cvrrfl. flocle
ffiffi;ftK,c.e-
$o--;F''j;-'*
+q 'f l+'d
+-t ,4
q f a.1
lc
IH
".}!l.i/"
a
;' \lti
F.
*a t a'
tt|
t*l
T
tl
_,r0. it" .*jf;r I rt
,-,u,". ftt 1lI I rt t t}-l .t'lt
rt $ -!^t
*Y* trlt tl\t I
f;zt"' *0 ! t* ,tl, I
"r'
1234
f{anpaeeme u 6ue pasnuquu omdenassaHun Ha "ilca6a". Ifocneduomo cma6a nail-necuo u
6z'psa. Hezo uail-rtecmo npednoqumalue da npaeu crca1ama.
1"
.F{o eluu
.qeH IqbpKetl { xBaHa c qoBKara cv Lr rrurna, ga Aar 3aHece B rHe3Aoro
ira MaJIKI'{T9 -rrbpKe,Tqera" fulzgurame ce Bce rro-B}rcoKo r,I no-Bl{coKo. Xa6ara 6e
KOJTKOTO yrrJialrreHa, TonKoBa r{ y{y.qeua. orrope BcrrqKo 6e pasluvuo. Buxlaure
THr{anIu xupasn, Kor4To r43rnex.qaxa raKa (1) " or orrle rro Br4coKo mxa (2).. ..rr or
ctBceM Br,rcoKo fr:anpulzuaxa FIa Herqo Muoro rro3Haro (3, 4).
fr
w V
ci\ A K
,t;f;E;;7;/}:t::N) | t:ti;;, l,!.(.k^ar'P;"W./.Y./'iijt:;ii!rN itl*g 1jij.,Jijt;.i)j::€W'$bh;jiiitrii:tir.\,Wni: i/j,4.l.rrlr->.,;.I1]iffi..-i'.r"rlaP.ii?'!
1 34
"fl., )Ka6v!" sarpxxa r{ Ir3BeAHbx.
Hanolru.axa it za uefisure pprcynKrz, Kor,rro
ilpaBerue ua6rp:o, Kotaro H.rrMarue BpeMe.
"I{e xa6u, a Nupa$u!" - noilpaau.[
pa3Apa3Heuo illlpKenbr-ltroroenaiiro.
flpn orsap.flHero Ha qoBKara o6aqe roii
a3rrvcHa xa6ata. Ts norer-s Halony u +/-\,
t1
-r--\
, \ \
I
'lorlHa B c'bceJnoro 6laro.
'Iaxa xaSara 5e enaceua. OrroraBa
MerITaeilIe TOJIKOBa Aa rneAa CBeTa
0TBLICOKO. h{O nrr Beqe 3Haelne, lle Mo}Ke
\I;Z
.r'',li\t
-'-'*'-=-i"irli-j7-
.riiz'
. ,'1
/.',1'.\
i.'
t3
METOAITTIECKI{ YKA3AHHfl;
' 3a ttsrorl 6yxeu ("A", "E"Hanpr.rMep) ca aa4eHrz rro rprr BaprraHTa. Aro eu ce crpyBar MHoro, e1vlvrfl't
,\.{i,x(3 Ir j'3 to cbKpaTuTe
ocTaBlrTe 3a nollbnHeHr{e [pI{ cneABarllo 3aHtrMaHrre.
r,t
" '(iliri4HasKa 3a 3BytIH[Te KaprlrHrr" BI3HI,IKHa Karo iurrepHarl4Bua Ha "Kar 6sxa cb3AaAeHr{ 6yrnr.rre" or P.
Iitir;-irasr. ilyxua 6e ncropur, B Korro BMecro AyMr,r or r,r3Mr,rcJreH ApeBeH e3r,rK Aa ce r43[oJr3Bar Harrpr,
6,,;ilapcxu H B KotTo Aa ce llpllnoxvvlleflTa 3a cbIIocTaBtHeTo Ha pa3lr4rrHr4 BapI,taHTI,I uplt "olpe4ueTflBaHeTo".
"Ma,txoto croH.Ie" Lr "foreMl4tr Krrr r,r MarJIKara pu6xa" cburo ca [o npIrKa3KI,I Ha ro3r4 anrop (Knnnuur P.,
llpnra3xu, rsg. HapoAHa rrpocBera, C. 197 2 c. 702-127, 7 -16, 46-60).
3
Blrx ",{omrHeHltf", crp. 78.
74
.t4Ho7o u'tpu(hmose duec cueceu 6esnpuuqunHo r4aryKume 6yxeu cq npocmo yMaJteHume zraBHLt
(usnuoueHuenpasflmcatwo "a", "6, "e", dounrcude "p" u "d)" . Tarca3anoHBadace o6escuucnn
deneuuemo Ha "zlaeHama neqamHa 6yxea..." u "uanrcama neuamHa tyrcea". Maryxume, HapuvaHu ot4e
"pedoeuu" 1yrceu, ca Bb3HuKHaJ'tu om onpocmeHume elanHu (rcanumanuu), npu cmpel4elrca KbM
mnxHomo no-JtecHo u 6tpso usnuczaHe. Ecmecmaeuo e m.H. " .uanrcu neqamHu" 6yrceu da
cbom9emcmram Ha pbKonucHume, om Kounlo ca npousrnnu. Toea e crtarcm Bb6 BcurtKu ltamuHcKu
utpurrtmoae, KaKmo u e 6'oneapcKume, npaseHu om no3Ha6auume ua rupuclmolomo usrcycmeo.o
,Qpyzume, B Koumo npeo1nadaeat4o McmKume u zonewume |yrcau ca eduarceu, l4aKap u c pa3,,tuuHu
7oreMuHu, MoJrce da ce npueuam e?eHmyaTHo K(lmo ytrecHeH sapuaHm, nodxodnu,l sa eduu no-paHeH
eman Ha ycsotrcaHemo ua 6yrcaume. Iloddupcrcailrcu udennta za eduucnllomo e HanpaseH onum 3q
ocbulecmruBaHe Ha 6pb3Kqn1a He cailo "wetrcdy a6cntparcmuutt 3HaK u Hezorufl o1paseu eKaunatreHm, Ho
uaecrcdypasnuuHumeo6osuaveuunuaeduaucbtqa6yrcea(A-a,E-6, I-d,E-e...).Eesmasu
spb3Ka deqanta u1e mpn6ea uexqHuuHo da sanaMemnm no HttKottKo Ha npb6 nozned cbBCeM pct3ttuuHu
3HaKa za eduu u cblq 3syK.
' 7. OzpadeHunle B pctrl4Ka uacmu om meKcma ca npeduasHaueHu npeduuuo 3a sb3pacmHume -
npuKasKu u cmuxonleopeHun, Koumo da 6xdam uemeHu u pasKa3saHu. B paurca ca npedcmaleHu u
donz'nuumenHume yKa3aHLrfl, KaKmo u GapuaHmume Ha MarKume 6yrceu, Koumo He 6uHa?u ce cpeulam
Kcmo pa3rurtHu om zJrya?Hume. Cnoped B'b3MoJltHocmume Ha de4ama u pas1upauunma Ha
sb3pacmHunxe, 3ano3HaqaHemo c mflx Mo)rce da
6ztde nponycHamo LLtu otlLryo)rceHo 3a uedeaulo
3aHnmue, rcamo donurHeHue npu npezolop. C xypcue ca HanucaHu o6scueuunma, Koumo ca
donutuume'rHu Lt c no-npaKmuqecKu xapaKmep. Te ca KoHKpemuu olncueuun Kbr,t pucyHKume.
8. Om oco6euo 3HaveHue e npaKmuuecKama deuoucmpaqufl om sb3pctcmHun LLryu m.H."noxqz ua
deilcmeue". Hau-do6pe e sbspacntHunm (yuumen unu podunten) da uso6paznaa eduoepetteuuo c
pa3Ka3saHemo wru uenocpedcmaeuo cned mosa, npu ynpffiK:HeHunma 3a sametpdnaaue u deuzamenuo
yc9on1aHe. Pucycauemo, nucaHemo u peumq opzaHultHo ce donunaant eduoepeueHHo Lutu cnedeaiircu
-
eduo cned dpyzo. fa ue sa6paenae, qe cma6a dyua sa ont6ennseaue u He e ueo1xoduua oco6eua
mouHocm u u3nulHocnt. 3a tlenma n4oJrce da ce usnonsaa ducrca nru nptuaeneHo Ha Helqo xapmwt. ,\o6pe
e pucyHKltme da ocmauam u36ecmHo zpexte u n'taKa deryama da trozam da zu ua6.arodaeam no-duneo.
Motrce da cu no.uozue.u npedeapumenHo, ua1enasaailKu (c Mortur uanpuraep) u cned moea nosmapniircu
eudurnama ca.tto om1nuso cneda c Qny*tacmep. Oceeu mo6a 6b3 ocHola ua 6yrceama, u3norcBaHa Kamo
caoeo1pasua cxeMa, recHo MoJrce da ce yceou pucysaHemo ua omdenuume o6pasu no o1pamuun ntm,
upes o6ozanlttnaHemo u ycnozrcHn*auemo it.
9. Ifopeduocnlnla Ha u3nucBaHemo Ha eJteMeHn'runle Ha pucyHKume u 6yxaume e u3secmHa Ha
BceKu zpaMomeH sb3pacmeH. fo6pe e mfl da ce Kaace u uail-aeve dq ce noKaJ{e npu
oeMoHcmpaqunma. 3a noeeqe uazneduocm MoJrce da ce usnon36am u pa3nuqHu r4semose sa BceKu
eIeMeHtn_
IlpenopuvumerHo e sanosHaBaHenlo c 6yxeume da 6xde nocnedaauo ont dudaxmuuHu uzpu,
csbp3aHu c npaKmuqecKolno ut4 npu,xoJtceHue - xodupaue (o6pasyeaue, nucaHe ua dy.ttu) u dercodupaue
(npouuntauento uat). Tarcuea ereweHmu MoJ{e da cuntmcttlnam BcnKqKau audoae 3aHttmufl. Hanpuuep
npousHacnHemo u qyaaHemo Ha HtrKou dyuu om pa3Ka3a MoJrce da 6xde 3aTwecmBaHo c mnxHomo
HAnUCS AHe U npotlumqHe.
Bua aptsrca c KHuzama e HanpaleH KoMntreKm om qlemHu Kapmu. Cned ecnrco 3ano3HalaHe c
6yxea cuonllenlHunle Kclpmu ce sqJtenBam Ha KapmoH u maKe nocmeneHHo ce o6pasyea ma6no c
l.{tLnama as6yrca. Ocaeu nocmeneHHocmma, npeduttcmeo Ha mosLt nodxod e u BbswoJlcHocmma
nopeduocmma da 6ude no-ceododuo uzdupaua" Om dpyza cmpaHa me MoJ{e da 6udam usnor3naHu 3a
u?pa, Kaml "Vepeu trIemxp" Honpu\4ep.
o
BuN fronqen B., fronuena O., IIIpuSmr npe3 BeKoBere, C. 1974 u {peoeH r.r cr,BpeMeueu 6rlrapcru rupr.r$r C.
1981.
AOtrbJrHEIJnfr
1. Eyrna "A" MoI(e ga ylogo6LrM v Ha axpo6ar, 3acraHaJr Ha pbqe
C KPAKA B CTPAHI,I. Or O6IPNATO ..A" II6K CTABA TJIABA HA AHTHJIOIIA.
VVV
or 6xrarqa aHTlrJrorra cbrrlo ce nonrraB d " A" , Ho nefinara pncygKa Mrroro
IraIIoMHt 3a eJIeHa. 3aroea aro ur6epeM e.qnoro, rqe rpxdea Aa ce orKa>r(eM or.4pyroro.
A AA
2. "X", Koero e no-6rnso Io pbKonr4cHr.{t BapIraHT
na 6yr<nara, ce rroJryqasa or o6ogHaqaBanero Ha
"xBbpvrz" (aeficreue). llo-cnoxso, Ho no-rrHTepecHo
e r43Bex{AaHeTo My oT xaMcTep.
tI !l//"",
,.,\\''
lF.YXT
3. Ero lr 1BaBapkta*.ra
.l[ JC JC -r
3a "K" - crorBerHo c rrpaBa rr pr3BvtTa.4onHa qepTa,
lonrreHr.r oT KeHfypy.
ABBhH
p f.
4. "T"
,fr
Mo)fte 4a ce
/\
yno4o6u
l\
r.r Ha Tr4r6p, r,r3npaBeH 3acTparxr,rTenHo
HA JIBATA KPAKA.
T.
n'8"
oe ilpoeKTrapa rr Bbpxy $opuara na sofrHrax.
Moxe na ro cBbp)KeM c 6anepuaara (or rorro ce rronln{aB d "8",
tsux( ilo-Iony) u ya pa3Kax{eM npoMeHeHa Bepcu_s Ha rro3narara
irpr4Ka3Ka c re3r4 fepou. BofrHurrr Moxe Ia e v c [o-cbBpeMeHHa
.7uu$oprraa, HanpsMep c KacKa.
*:AA
9. F{a "6" Hano4o6ssa u larrepuua B oirpeleneHo ABaxeHrze.
I{erca uuguM KaK craBa H3BexqqaHero Ha 6yraara or neiinnr o6pa:.
A
ti-
-4rq.
il\
Y
i0. Syxna "r{" ce ilon)
IF
u or r{arra. Kpafiulrxr pe3ynrar e no-6nnso go
{aBa
plKorrrrcHr,rr tsaprraHT. Bc:niqnocr no uogo6eH HarrrrH crorr rreilIara c rroBeqero 6yr<nu.
4{{Tq
1 i. 5u MorJro Aa HarrpaBrrre
uslectnHunm czupe4. Vyea ce moil
r4 "trII" Karo rxlpqe. Emo
np*
"llt" Kamo ryypeq, nail-
Hou4ma cKpum a 3etreHama mpe6a.
77
13. KasaxNre, ve Etu pncyBalxe I4 lll4lrrerrre Ha rrrcbK c rrpbcrqe, Bbpxy 3eM{Ta
c
KtIeqKa, c BBTJIeH rlo cKana r4lrv Ha 6xna 6pesoBa Kopa c ocrbp sr6 or BbJrK
rrJrrr or
MeqKa' flonsxora o6aqe npaBellre 6yrevre or Krerrrrql,r. Hanpulrep re3]r: "A"-roJrrMo,
ttat'-MarKo, ttK", ttEt'r
"T" r "VI".,
AAKETW
Cnyveaue ce Emu zmecnto "O" npocmo da
Kamo npaserue
oxo
nocmaz.n o6nu rcau.aqema. Karceo nuwe myx?
"O"om rureuuqu,
mo u3elrnrcdawe
no-bzIO6AmO.
fSAAAK
14. Or r{3p.rnaHir
eJIeMeHTI,I 3A AfIIIL{ItatIIIg.
XXtrffi
ffiffi
(e4HoqnerHvilrwr
pa3r{orlBerura) crrqo Mox{e
ga ce o6pa:ycar 6yxnu,
AyMk - c vnu 6e: sareueaHe
6W
IIt\€1
HaKpar. f{onrnnafrxrz
6yreara c orqe eJreMeHTkr ad olw
Iv{o}K€ rf,a ce non;n{u H_f,Kofi @e'JX ee f.x
or o6paeure, rozro fi
CbOTBCTCTBAT.
78
[purcarrcure r{ y[paxHeHrsra 3a pa3rxqHure 6yrcnu, [oApeAeHH rro ar6yveu peg:
A - - f
54-55 cmp.; B 50-51 cmp.; - 58-59 cmp.;
18-19 cmp.; E -
tr - 52-53 cmp.; E - 26-27cmp,; )K - 72-73 cmp.; 3 - 56-57 cmp.;
14 - 30-3I cmp.;R - 24-25 cmp.; n
- 38-39 cmp.; M - 36-37 cmp.;
H - 40-41 cmp.; O - 20-21 cmp.; II - 46-47 cmp.; P - 42-43 cmp.;
C -44-45 cmp.;T-28-29 cmp.; y- 34-35 cmp.; (D-70-TI cmp.;
X - 22-23 cmp.;{ - 66-67 cmp.; q - 64-65 cmp.; IU - 48-49 cmp.;
14 - 68-69 cmp.; b - 32-33 cmp.; IO - 62-63 cmp.; .fl - 60-61 cmp.
IIte fuda 6nazodapeu, axo cnodenumu Bautume MHeHttfl,
onum, npenopbKu u Bbnpocu:
men.073/ 881911
GSM +359 888 001577
e-mail : ogitogeo@abv.bg
OrH.f,H feopruen
BbJIITIFEHI4TE,WPI4BI4,}WIBVI
EYKB14
' PerIeH3eHT
[POO. A-P 4r4AAHA AACKAJTOBA
@opuar8/701100
fle.rarnn Korr,r 10
I,IsgarencrBo
..3AXAPTIIZCTO'HOB''
offrce@zstoyanov.com
www.zstoyanov.com
lleqar
YHunepcu:retcKo tr3AareJrcrBo
"cB. KJILIMEHT OXPI4ACKI4"
M
lfi#
P&i'."#*9,**A cJtilit.j
Ci{.i-:i:;1-irji}ii
Bi_:j_ii_]: Ii:,.i:i
O::ai*il.i] d-+**rl+
E*pucg&ati "twtr,
egru& 6gk8a,!
ToBa no*e"ta eguH "u,nt'dk nputrr4.
Bcuqku "ytanku, npuu,tqo1e J4o?crm
gil pasnffinanm pucyHltama ua 6oa,,
e.iLbmHcLLa ctou. 3a Bceku om m;lx
rilvleHHo B cau,gnka ,tkuBee oBt4am,a,
koam,o me u,Mam. npeg6ug, a 6gk9u-
me ca &a9u odpasLt ecmecm9erua
-
ffi
qacnl om mflxHaml npukasua peuL-
HOCm.
Tasu, knutkka rye Hu no"\xoet{e ga
npeomkptteu, u, ussltu1een saegtro
saSpa9enomo 6'o"twedcm9o, koemo
ce e caga9ano no pa3rLuqHlr HCrtdu,H,It
8 gemcm9ornc Ha ,to9euecm1omo.
C9em'am. e 6u,,t npecnsga9aH Ltpes
FE
uso1pasleeruurLma, a npoA4eHaHitme
o1pcLsLt, ca ce npa?'bprdanu 6 nu,c.nL,e- ,\
#rE,
HU SHAUU.
Vpes ptLcg6atte Lr pasJLLLLtHu Ltcmo- fE
t5. puu.cmu,xom1operutta, nog Qopaa-
m& Ha rrzpa geuama r4e ce 3anoSHCr-
am c 1gkBume no eguu L1B,,tekame-
"4,eH u e,MoLluoHaJLeH Haqun^ B ruezo
na pucyrukama, u pagocmma om
m9opaecm9omo e ompegeruo Bogeuqo-
mo JwJrcm,o, koemo rne ca rLkLa./Lu u
koemo no npa1a utt npuuag"te*u.
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