BAROQUE ARCHITECTURE

HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE

SUNAYANA
B.ARCH.
BACKGROUND AND MEANING
• BAROUE ARCHITECTURE , TIME PERIOD- 16TH TO 18TH CENTURY
• BAROQUE ARCHITECTURE WAS A REACTION TO RENAISSANCE
ARCHITECTURE .
• COUNTER REFORMATION – EMOTIONAL AND SENSORY APPEAL
THROUGH ART AND ARCHITECTURE
• EUROPEAN COLONISM WAS AT ITS PEAK, WHICH MEANT
HAVING ABSOLUTE POWER AND WEALTH.
• IT WAS VERY ORNAMENTAL AND OVER THE TOP.
• MATERIALS USED WERE VERY RICH , FOR EXAMPLE : GOLD ,
GRANITE ETC.

PALACE OF VERSAILLE
• BAROQUE IS THOUGHT AS A MUCH MORE EMOTIONAL, MORE
ELABORATE, MORE ILLUSIONISTIC FORM OF RENAISSANCE
ARCHITECTURE, WITH GREATER MANIPULATION OF LIGHT,
COLOUR, TEXTURE AND PERSPECTIVE.
• IT BOASTS MORE OSTENTATIOUS EXTERIORS; MORE COMPLEX
LESS GEOMETRIC BUT MORE UNIFIED FLOOR-PLANS PLUS A
HOST OF WALL AND CEILING FRESCO DECORATIONS.

ROTTENBUCH ABBEY, BAVARIA, GERMANY

 ELEMENTS
• LONG AND NARROW NAVES WERE NOW REPLACED BY
BROADER, CIRCULAR ,OVAL FORMS
• DYNAMIC USE OF LIGHT WAS MADE IN THIS PERIOD
• EXESSIVE USE OF COLOUR AND ORNAMENTATION
• REGULAR STRAIGHT LINES GAVE WAY TO CURVES AND
IRREGULARITY WITHIN SYMMETRY AND GRANDEUR.
• INTRODUCTION TO COLOSSAL ORDERS
 MAJOR BUILDINGS

ST.PETERS BASILICA,ROME
SAN CARLO ALLE QUATTRO
FONTANE,ITALY

CHURCH OF S.ANDREA
QUIRNALE CHÂTEAU DE VERSAILLES, PARIS
CHAPEL OF ST.IRO, ROME CHATEAU MAISONS, PARIS

TREVI FOUNTAIN, ROME

LES INVALIDES , PARIS
 MAJOR ARCHITECTS
1. FRANCESCO BORROMINI (1599-1667)
LIFELONG RIVAL OF BERNINI.
- ST CARLO ALLE QUATTRO FONTANE (1634-68, ROME)
- PALAZZO SAPIENZA AND ST IVO ALLA SAPIENZA,
DOME/FACADE (1640-60, ROME)
- ST AGNESE IN AGONE (1653, ROME)
2. BERNINI (1598-1680)
THE GREATEST OF ALL BAROQUE ARCHITECTS AND
SCULPTORS.
- PALAZZO BARBERINI (1628-32, ROME)
- ST PETER'S SQUARE (1656-67)
- ST ANDREA AL QUIRINALE (1658-71, ROME)
3. GIACOMO BAROZZI DA VIGNOLA (1507-73)
CLASSICAL ITALIAN ARCHITECT IN STYLE OF LATE
RENAISSANCE AND EARLY BAROQUE.
- ST PETER'S DOMES, VATICAN (1564)
- THE CHURCH OF THE HOLY NAME OF JESUS (IL GESU) (1568)
4. FRANCOIS MANSART (1598-1666)
FATHER OF FRENCH CLASSICISM.
- CHATEAU BERNY (1623-27)
- CHATEAU DE BLOIS, LOIRE (1638)
- VAL DE GRACE CHURCH, PARIS (1645)
5. JOHANN BERNHARD FISCHER VON ERLACH (1656-1723)
EMINENT AUSTRIAN BAROQUE ARCHITECT, BROUGH ITALIAN
STYLES TO CENTRAL EUROPE.
- KOLLEGIENKIRCHE (1694-1707, SALZBURG)
- STADTPALAIS (1695-8, VIENNA)
- CHURCH OF ST CHARLES (1716-30, VIENNA)
6. PEDRO DE RIBERA (1681-1742)
ONE OF THE MOST IMPORTANT ARCHITECTS OF THE LATE
BAROQUE PERIOD IN MADRID.
- UCLES MONASTERY (1735)
- CHURCH OF SAN CAYETANO (1722–1737)
- CHURCH OF SAN JOSE (1730)
- TORRECILLA PALACE (1716–1731)
GEOMETRY AND MATHEMATICS
• THE AGE OF THE
BAROQUE—WAS A
TIME WHEN GREAT
STRIDES WERE
MADE IN SCIENCE
AND
MATHEMATICS—
WITNESSED THE
CONSTRUCTION OF
SOME OF THE
WORLD'S MOST
MAGNIFICENT
BUILDINGS
• MOST OF THE PLANS
WERE DERIVED OF
THE GEOMETRICAL SCHEME OF BASIC GEOMETRIC
BORROMINI’S SANT’IVO SHAPES , AN
EXAMPLE OF WHICH
IS GIVEN ALONG.
 CLASSICAL ROOTS
• BAROQUE STYLE EVOLVED FROM THE CLASSIC FORMS OF THE
RENAISSANCE, BUT IT DIFFERS BY NEW DETAILS AND TRENDS:
COLOSSAL BUILDINGS AS PROPORTIONS WITH DRAMATIC
APPEARANCE, POMPOUS FACADES WITH GABLES MODIFIED IN
VARIOUS MEANS, DOUBLE TOWERS, TALL AND UNSHAPELY
DOMES, ANNEX BUILDINGS WITH BEAUTIFUL ORNAMENTS,
WINDOWS WITH IRREGULAR FORMS ETC.

ST. PETERS BASILICA

 CRITICAL ANALYSIS
• IN BAROQUE ARCHITECTURE, A PECULIAR CHARACTERISTIC IS
USING THE ARCHITECTURAL ELEMENTS WHICH GIVE
GREATNESS, LIKE: MASSIVE COLUMNS, TALL VAULTS, LARGE
ARCHES, OVERWHELMING DOMES, COLORS WITH HIGH
CONTRASTS, VOLUMES AND IMPRESSIVE EMPTY SPACES.
• THE INTERIOR OF A CONSTRUCTION BUILT IN A BAROQUE
STYLE HAS AS ONE OF ITS INNOVATIONS THE USE OF A HUGE
INTERIOR SPACE AT THE ENTRANCE FOLLOWED BY THE
PRESENCE OF MONUMENTAL STAIRS WHICH CONNECT THE
GROUND FLOOR TO THE OTHER LEVELS OF THE BUILDING. AS
A FACT, THE MODEL OF THE MONUMENTAL INTERIOR
STAIRCASE BECAME A SPECIFIC ELEMENT OF THE WEALTH OF
THE BOURGEOISIE, BEING COPIED AT A SMALLER SCALE IN
DIFFERENT ARISTOCRATIC RESIDENCES FROM EVERYWHERE
 SITE REFERENCES
• http://www.visual-arts-cork.com/history-of-art/baroque-architecture.htm
• http://www.newworldencyclopedia.org/entry/Baroque_Architecture
• https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baroque_architecture