MANAGERIAL STUDIES

IN ENGLISH
 
Essentials
& Advanced Topics
  
By
 
Dr. ALI HAMED ALI SHEHATA
 
PHD IN BUSINESS ADM.
2020
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 Terminology
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Artificial intelligence (AI)
The intelligence of machines and the
branch of computer science which aims to
create it.

The study and design of intelligent

agents , where an intelligent agent is a
system that perceives its environment and
takes actions which maximize its chances
of success.
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Balance Scorecard (BSC)
A tool that translates an organization’s
mission and strategy into a comprehensive
set of performance measures that provide
the framework for a strategic measurement
and management system.
It is basically a visual representation of an
organization’s strategy. It is designed to
focus an organization’s efforts to deliver
results.

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Brainstorming
A process for developing creative
solutions to problems. It works by
focusing on a problem, and then
deliberately coming up with as
many solutions as possible and by
pushing the ideas as far as possible.

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Creativity
is a mental and social process
involving the generation of new ideas
or concepts, or new associations of the
creative mind between existing ideas or
concepts.
It is simply the act of making
something new.

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Communication
Is the process to impart information from a
sender to a receiver with the use of a
medium. It requires that all parties have an
area of communicative commonality. There
are auditory means, such as speaking,
singing and sometimes tone of voice, and
nonverbal, physical means, such as body
language, sign language, paralanguage,
touch, eye contact, or the use of writing.

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Crisis
A period of potential or actual damage
to the perception and /or reputation of
an organization, individual or concept
caused or started by an unexpected
event. Forward planning can prevent it
or minimize the impact of one that is
already happening.

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 Crisis Management
A plan that works to minimize the potential
damage of a crisis, and in some cases can
be effective in eliminating a potential crisis
altogether.
It is a two-pronged exercise . The first is
the crisis plan, and the second is the crisis
communications plan. Together they form
the most potent prescription for protection
against crisis failure.

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Customer service – Client
Service
A series of activities designed to
enhance the level of customer
satisfaction – that is, the feeling
that a product or service has
met the customer expectation.

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Decision support system(DSS)
Interactive computer-based systems
intended to help decision makers
utilize data and models to identify and
solve problems and make decisions.
The "system must aid a decision maker
in solving unprogrammed, unstructured
(or "semi structured") problems.

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Efficiency
The relationship of outputs
(services produced) to inputs
(resources used to produce the
services). Increasing it is a matter
of achieving the same outputs with
fewer resources or more outputs
for the same amount of resources.
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Effectiveness
Ability to achieve stated
goals or objectives, judged in
terms of both output and
impact.

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Environmental management
Management and control of
the environment and natural
resources systems in such a way
so as to ensure the sustainability
of development efforts over a
long-term basis .

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E. Commerce
Conducting business on the
Internet. It is mostly referred to
buying and selling items on line.

The sale and purchase of goods or

services over the Internet.

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Expert systems
It is software that attempts to
reproduce the performance of one or
more human experts, most commonly
in a specific problem domain, and is a
traditional application and /or subfield
of artificial intelligence.

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Feasibility Study

A detailed investigation and analysis of

factors influencing the project to
determine if the project is viable, such as
type of structure, the location of the
proposed project, the sources and
availability of funding, and availability of
utilities are examined and weighed against
the financial return expected.
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Globalization
The process of transformation of local or
regional things or phenomena into global
ones.
A process by which the people of the world
are unified into a single society and
function together.
A set of processes leading to the integration
of economic, cultural, political, and social
systems across geographical boundaries.

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 ‫شكرا ً لحسن‬
‫استماعكم‬

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