Chapter 6

PROCESS INSTRUMENTATION AND CONTROL

6.1 Piping ang Instrumentation Diagram (P&ID)

Piping and Instrumentation Diagram (P&ID) also known as Mechanical Flow Diagram (MFD)
presents information on pipings, fittings, machinery, instrumentation and process plant details in a
descriptive and sequential structure based on product flow paths. It also describes a process's technical
realization by means of graphical piping and equipment symbols along with graphical symbols for
process measurement and control functions. The representation and designation of all equipment,
instrumention and piping such that the consistency in their dimensions should be considered. P&ID's are
also a diagram which shows the process equipment interconnection and the instrumentation used to
control the process.

Superordinate to the piping and instrumentation flowsheet is the process flow diagram (PFD)
which designates the more general flow of plant processes and equipment and the relationship between
a plant's major equipment. This diagram uses different symbols in designation with the piping,
instrumentation, pumps, etc.

The purpose of using P&ID id to provide awareness of how and what is going on throughout the
process. It gives insight into the comprehensive production control. Instrumentation and control works
with the goal of improving productivity, optimization, stability, reliability, safety and continuity.
6.2 Milling Control System

Milling control system (Turbine / DC Drive Speed Control) is designed essentially to control and
achieve the following:

 Enhance the juice extraction

 Optimize moisture and bagasse pol
 Avoid overloading of the mill motor under varying cane feed quality of the cane

6.2.1 Auto Cane Feed Control System