12–89.

It is observed that the time for the ball to strike the ground vA
at B is 2.5 s. Determine the speed vA and angle uA at which A uA
the ball was thrown. 1.2 m
B
50 m

SOLUTION
Coordinate System: The x–y coordinate system will be set so that its origin coincides
with point A.

x-Motion: Here, (vA)x = vA cos uA, xA = 0, xB = 50 m, and t = 2.5 s. Thus,

+ B
A: xB = xA + (vA)xt
50 = 0 + vA cos uA(2.5)
vA cos uA = 20 (1)

y-Motion: Here, (vA)y = vA sin uA, yA = 0 , yB = -1.2 m, and ay = -g

= - 9.81 m>s2. Thus,
1
A+cB yB = yA + (vA)y t + a t2
2 y
1
- 1.2 = 0 + vA sin uA (2.5) + ( -9.81) A 2.52 B
2
vA sin uA = 11.7825 (2)

Solving Eqs. (1) and (2) yields

uA = 30.5° vA = 23.2 m>s Ans.

12–90.

Determine the minimum initial velocity v0 and the

corresponding angle u0 at which the ball must be kicked in
order for it to just cross over the 3-m high fence.
v0 3m

u0

6m

SOLUTION
Coordinate System: The x - y coordinate system will be set so that its origin
coincides with the ball’s initial position.

x-Motion: Here, (v0)x = v0 cos u, x0 = 0, and x = 6 m. Thus,

+ B
A: x = x0 + (v0)xt

6 = 0 + (v0 cos u)t

6
t = (1)
v0 cos u
y-Motion: Here, (v0)x = v0 sin u, ay = - g = - 9.81 m > s2, and y0 = 0. Thus,

1
A+cB y = y0 + (v0)y t + a t2
2 y
1
3 = 0 + v0 (sin u) t + (-9.81)t2
2
3 = v0 (sin u) t - 4.905t2 (2)

Substituting Eq. (1) into Eq. (2) yields

58.86
v0 = (3)
B sin 2u - cos2 u

From Eq. (3), we notice that v0 is minimum when f(u) = sin 2u - cos2 u is
df(u)
maximum. This requires = 0
du
df(u)
= 2 cos 2u + sin 2u = 0
du
tan 2u = - 2

2u = 116.57°

u = 58.28° = 58.3° Ans.

Substituting the result of u into Eq. (2), we have

58.86
(v0)min = = 9.76 m>s Ans.
B sin 116.57° - cos2 58.28°
12–9 1. The pitching machine is adjusted so that the vA  30 m/s
baseball is launched with a speed of W"  30 ms. If the ball
strikes the ground at B, determine the two possible angles u"
A uA
at which it was launched. 1.2 m B

30 m

Coordinate System: The x–y coordinate system will be set so that its origin coincides
with point A.

x-Motion: Here, (v")Y  30 cos u", Y"  0 and Y#  30 m. Thus,



 
  Y#  Y"  (v")YU

30  0  30 cos u"U
1
U  (1)
cos u"

y-Motion: Here, (v")Z  30 sin u", BZ   H   9.81 ms2, and Z#   1.2 m. Thus,

1
D Z#  Z"  (v")ZU  B U2
2 Z
1
 1.2  0  30 sin u"U  ( 9.81)U2
2
4.905U2  30 sin u" U  1.2  0 (2)

Substituting Eq. (1) into Eq. (2) yields

2
1 1
4.905 A I  30 sin u" A I  1.2  0
cos u" cos u"

1.2 cos2 u"  30 sin u" cos u"  4.905  0

Solving by trial and error,

u"  7.19° and 80.5° Ans.

12–98. A projectile is fired from the platform at B. The B
shooter fires his gun from point A at an angle of 30°.
C
Determine the muzzle speed of the bullet if it hits the
projectile at C.
vA
10 m
A 30
Coordinate System: The x–y coordinate system will be set so that its origin coincides
with point A. 1.8 m

20 m
x-Motion: Here, Y"  0 and Y$  20 m. Thus,


 
  Y$  Y"  (v")YU

20  0  v" cos 30° U (1)

y-Motion: Here, Z"  1.8, (v")Z  v" sin 30°, and BZ   H   9.81 ms2. Thus,

1
D Z$  Z"  (v")ZU  B U2
2 Z
1
10  1.8  v" sin 30°(U)  ( 9.81)(U)2
2
Thus,
20 sin 30°
10  1.8  A I (U)  4.905(U)2
cos 30°(U)
U  0.8261 s

So that
20
v"   28.0 ms Ans.
cos 30°(0.8261)