BRONCHOSCOPE

A KIND OF ENDOSCOPE*
 This endoscopic device is introduced through nose or mouth to observe distal branches of
bronchi for diagnostic purposes.
 This method of diagnosis and treatment is called bronchoscopy.
DIAGNOSTIC APPLICATIONS
Bronchoscope has diagnostic role for respiratory tract.
 Through working channel in bronchoscope the physician can sample lung tissues e.g. air
sacs, airways, blood vessels, and supporting membranes of the lungs.
 Respiratory secretions can be sampled
 Tissue sampling can be done with forceps.
 Cancer diagnosis through tumor presence

Fig:1 BRONCHOSCOPY

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 TYPES OF BRONCHOSCOPE
There are two main types of bronchoscope, which are described below:-
 Rigid Bronchoscope
 It consists of hollow stainless tube which is capable of visualizing the
airways with the help of series of lenses.
 This kind of bronchoscopy require application of anesthesia.
 Flexible Bronchoscope
 Type of bronchoscope that use a bundle of fiber optic cables running
through a insertion cord.
 It does not require anesthesia.

WORKING CHANNEL PORT

SUCTION PORT

LIGHT SOURCE

EYEPIECE

DIOPTER RING CONTROL LEVER

Fig:2 Flexible Bronchoscope

(main parts)

INSERTION CORD

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 CONSTRUCTION
1. Eye piece: Can be attached to a camera for display on screen. Fiber-optic scopes have an
eye piece; video scopes do not.
2. Diopter ring: For focusing eye piece to obtain clear image.
3. Control lever: Controls the tip. Two wires extend from the handle to the tip in the
insertion cord. Moving the lever down, moves the tip up and moving the lever up, points
the tip down. It also consists of a knob used for right and left movement of cord.
4. Working channel port: For suction, instillation of local anesthetic, oxygen delivery.
5. Body: Incorporates the eye piece, diopter ring, control lever and working channel.
Grasped by the operator’s non-dominant hand.
6. Insertion cord: Contains fiber-optic bundle for light and image transmission, tip bending
control wires and working channel. Average length 600mm (range 500 – 650mm).
7. Light source: Can be a portable battery powered source or via a cable. Light source may
be an incandescent or LED.
8. Suction valve and port: Present on body used for inserting forceps and performing
suction of body fluids.

PROCEDURE OF BRONCHOSCOPY
 A numbing drug is sprayed in mouth and throat in case of nose numbing jelly will
be placed in the nostrils the tube goes through.
 The scope is gently inserted and the saline solution send through it washes lungs and
allows a physician to collect samples of lungs cells, fluids and microbes inside the
air sacs with the help of tiny brushes or forceps(biopsy).
 The images obtained by the camera or eye piece is viewed by physician during the
procedure on the screen.

BIOCOMPATIBILITY

SILLICON RUBBER ( FLEXIBLE BRONCHOSCOPE)

 Show inertness towards body fluids
 Flexible so it can easily bend through internal organs and does not produce friction
 Non toxic
 Non allergic towards body

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 STAIN - LESS - STEEL(RIGID BRONCHOSCOPE)
 High strength
 Corrosion resistance
 Show inertness toward
body fluids
 Does not produce chemicals and toxins when comes in direct contact with body fluids.