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Biefeld-Brown Effect and Space Curvature Ofelectromagnetic Field PDF
Biefeld-Brown Effect and Space Curvature Ofelectromagnetic Field PDF
ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELD
arXiv:1004.0810v2 [physics.gen-ph] 12 Jul 2012
1. Introduction
Biefeld-Brown [1]-[6] effect has been known since 1928. Christensen and Møller [7]
built a Biefeld-Brown electrode set-up and published measurements of the obtained thrust
in ambient air. They also compared their results with theoretical predictions of electric
wind effects. The agreement was very good and tended to explain the Biefeld–Brown
effect as a purely electric wind phenomenon. The other try to verify the adequacy
of Biefeld-Brown effect with electric wind phenomena was made by Tajmar [8]. The
author concluded in this article, that electric wind phenomena explain Biefeld-Brown
effect. The results [8] suggest that corona wind effects was misinterpreted as a possible
connection between gravitation and electromagnetism. Brown observed in [9] that this
effect remained even if the ambient medium were a vacuum (up to 10−6 Torr). Talley
[10], [11] studied Brown’s electrode configurations in vacuum chambers up to 10−6 Torr
in great detail. He found no thrust in the case of a static dc potential applied to the
electrodes. However, he noticed an anomalous force during electrical breakdowns when
the current was flowing. This force, the result of currents in divergent electric fields (due
to the asymmetrical electrode configuration) finds further support in five-dimensional
theories coupling the gravitational and electromagnetic field. Williams [12] integrated a
mass dependent fifth dimension into the relativistic Maxwell theory and predicted the
coupling between both fields. However, ambiguity of explanation of Biefeld-Brown effect
indicates that new theoretical and experimental researches are needed.
Key words and phrases. Biefeld-Brown effect, space curvature, electromagnetic gravity .
c
2012 Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, Institute of Mechanical Sciences
1
2 MAKNICKAS ALGIRDAS ANTANO
where E is the electric field, B the magnetic field, and c the speed of light. The signs in
the tensor above depend on the convention used for the metric tensor. The convention
used here is + − −−, corresponding to the metric tensor:
1 0 0 0
0 −1 0 0
(3.3) 0 0 −1 0 .
0 0 0 −1
From the matrix form of the field tensor, it becomes clear that the electromagnetic
tensor satisfies the following antisymmetry properties F ab = −F ba (hence the name bi
vector) of six independent components.
If one forms an inner product of the field strength tensor Lorentz invariant is formed:
E2
ab 2
(3.4) Fab F = 2 B − 2 = invariant.
c
The Lagrangian of electromagnetic field in our model could be
αg c2
(3.5) Lem = − Fab F ab .
4µ0
Lagrangian Lem differs from classic electromagnetic field Lagrangian just with constant
s2
αg c2 , where αg is electromagnetic field gravity constant with dimension m 2 , which could
1discussion in Appendix
4 MAKNICKAS ALGIRDAS ANTANO
After inserting of energy-stress tensor (4.1c) into (2.5) Einstein-Hilbert field equation
looks like this
αg c2 E2
1 8πG
(4.2) Rµν − gµν R = −gµν 4 ρc2 + B2 − 2 .
2 c 2µ0 c
Taking the trace of (4.2) (contracting with g µν ) and using the fact that g µν gµν = 4, we
get for space curvature:
αg c2 E2
32πG 2 2
(4.3) R= ρc + B − 2 ,
c4 2µ0 c
yielding the equivalent form of (4.2)
αg c2 E2
8πG 2 2
(4.4) Rµν = gµν 4 ρc + B − 2 ,
c 2µ0 c
Space curvature (4.3) of spheric gravity mass with radius r in electromagnetic field could
be rewritten as
24G
(4.5) R = 2 3 (M − Meg ) ,
c r
B2
αg V
(4.6) Meg = ε0 E 2 − ,
2 µ0
4πr3
(4.7) V = ,
3
where Meg is electromagnetic mass and V is volume of electromagnetic field and is equal
to volume of devices, which is inside this electromagnetic field.
From eq. (4.5) assumption could be made, that summary curvature of the space gen-
erated by gravity mass should decrease in electric field and increase in magnetic field. If
the mass of device M equals to absolute value of electromagnetic mass |Meg |, zero cur-
vature of such device could be obtained, so gravity mass of this device stop interacting
with the other gravity mass. Let’s prove it analytically.
The solution of eq. (4.5) in spheric coordinates (see for example [18]) is:
2
1 − Λr3 0 0 0
0 − 1Λr2 0 0
(4.8) gµν = 1− 3 ,
0 2
0 −r 0
2
0 0 0 −r sin θ
where Λ equals to
αg c2 E2
8πG 2 2
(4.9) Λ= 4 ρc + B − 2 .
c 2µ0 c
Thus, the gravitational potential of a point mass is
Λr2 c2
(4.10) Φ=−
6
4πGr2 E2
αg 2
(4.11) =− ρ+ B − 2
3 2µ0 c
G (M − Meg )
(4.12) =− .
r
Eq. (4.12) prove proposition, if the mass of device M equals to absolute value of |Meg |,
we have zero gravity potential of device with gravity mass M and such device does not
interact with gravity field of the other gravity mass.
BIEFELD-BROWN EFFECT AND SPACE CURVATURE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELD 5
LI 2
(7.1) Meg = − αg ,
2
where L is the inductance, which depends on area and amount of windings and coil length,
and I is the current. Equation eq. (7.1) predict similar effects, observed in Biefeld-Brown
experiments with a capacitor, but in opposite direction of changing of coil mass: for the
fixed inductance L increasing of current in coil must increase mass of the coil.
8. Conclusions
On the basis of the results obtained in this work the following conclusions have been
made:
1) Electro gravity mass equation is in good agreement with Biefeld-Brown effect and
fully explains all qualitative data observed in this effect.
2) Electromagnetic gravity model predicts decreasing of gravity mass effect in electric
field and increasing of gravity mass in magnetic field. h 2i
s
3) Electromagnetic field gravity constant equals to αg = 0, 0479 m 2 and is the basic
constant of proposed electromagnetic gravity model.
4) The total curvature of electromagnetic wave is zero, but separate curvatures of
electric and magnetic components of the wave haven’t zero values.
Acknowledgements
I’d like to thank Gintaras Valiulis from Vilnius Univerity and Algis Dziugys from
Lithuanian Energy Institute for discussions and notes, which let’s definitely understand
problem of new proposed electro-gravity model.
BIEFELD-BROWN EFFECT AND SPACE CURVATURE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELD 7
References
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BIEFELD-BROWN EFFECT AND SPACE CURVATURE OF ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELD 9
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E-mail address: alm@vgtu.lt