….
the genX submarine
ABSTRACT:
Even as young children, we
were fascinated by the realistic appeal of
the war games, like the battle-ship, super
tanks, etc., where it was all virtual and
involved no loss of life. But, the time
and technology to make it a real time
application have come. In this pursuit,
we have considered the possibility of
making an automated submarine, namely
e-shark. As the risk pertaining to loss of
human life is very high in case of a
submarine, it would be very apt to
replace the human control by an
alternative source. With the rapid
advancements in the fields of electronics
and communication systems, it is very
much possible to achieve the complete
automation of the above said.
The vehicles could be primarily
categorized as, fully-automated (used to
carryout scientific operations like
collection of underwater data and
samples) and semi-automated (used to
carryout military operations and coast
guard security) based on their
functionality .By employing the above-
discussed models, a range of novel
applications, which would otherwise be
risky and unexplored, could be
effectively carried out both in the fields
of underwater scientific research and
military activities.  from the fascinating war games that we
1. This content belongs to www.all-
papers.blogspot.com. Visit
regularly for updated paper
presentations. Every Topic Is
Unique(Even if topic title is same
content is different...better check
date and time to identify)
2. Please do click on ads and visit
topics, to contribute to the blog
(as a click on ads costs nothing
to you).
3. All paper presentations, Techfest
info and Placement procedures,
Papers of Top MNC (Multi
National Company) are posted
here. With multiple direct links.
Just download and also Invite
your friends so that their Paper
Presentations, Techfest info.,etc
can be shared here.
4. If you have any Paper
Presentations, Placement
Papers, Techfest info, do mail to
rohith.papers@yahoo.com (or)
rohith.papers@gmail.com so
that there will be published with
your name.
5. To contact me just mail to
rohith.papers@yahoo.com (or)
rohith.papers@gmail.com and
share your views.
“1.INTRODUCTION”
Man has always learned things
from what he sees around him and tried
to implement them in constructive way,
so as give comfort to his life. Our e-
shark too, is an idea that came through
play. The intelligent enemy attacks us
from all possible ways and we are
provided with all possible ways to
counter attack him.
“Why should this happen only in games?
Can’t the existing technology make it a
real time war game?” The answer is
“yes”. With the existing technology of
electronics and communication systems
this war game can be made a real war
field. In this pursuit, we have considered
the possibility of making automated
submarine, e-shark.
“2.WHAT & WHY?”
E-shark or electronic shark is automated
underwater vehicle. Automation of
conventionally available underwater
vehicles can be achieved by employing
current technologies. The need for e-
shark arises due to reasons via.,
• Avoiding life risk to people
working in underwater vehicles.
• Reduction in expenditure made
for safety measures in
underwater vehicles.
• To reach abyssal depths and to
perform operations at remote
locations.
“3.CLASSIFICATION”
E-shark’s are classified based
on their functionality into two types via.
1. Fully automated e-shark
• Performs specific operations like these signals and sends the responses to
collection of underwater soil samples, the microprocessor. The microprocessor
collection of ocean data, etc.
2. Semi automated e-shark
• Performs multiple operations including Figure1: Electronic System
military activities.

“4.CONSTRUCTION
&WORKING”

The construction both fully automated

and Semi automated e-sharks is similar
except for the inclusion of decision
making unit in semi automated e-shark.
Construction and working of e-shark
involves three major systems via. ,
1. Electronic system
2. Electrical system
3. Mechanical system

4.1. Electronic system

The electronic system consists of
sensors, image and signal processor, data
transmission buses, microprocessor,
microcontroller and other sub-
peripherals that support these major
elements.

4.1.1. Working

The working of this unit depends upon

the complete co-ordination between
individual systems. The sensors give to
the system the entire information about
the surroundings in the form of signals.
The signal and image processor analyses
compares the responses of analyzed
signals with a set of predefined
instructions and sends a corresponding
instruction to microcontroller. The
microcontroller takes the action
according to the instructions given by
the microprocessor. So, microprocessor via DC converters. The flow chart given
and microcontroller play an important below shows the power distribution in
role in the working of e-shark. the e-shark.

“4.3. MECHANICAL SYSTEM.”

“4.2. ELECTRICAL SYSTEM”
The electrical system consists one major
power source that produces the required
power for the entire e-shark. This major
source generally varies depending on the
requirements. The generated power is
used to charge the rechargeable batteries
on board which serve as
The mechanical system includes the
motors, propellers, fin actuators and
other elements that are necessary for the
controlled motion of the system. The
figure below depicts the external view of
the e-shark. The mechanical elements
are also seen in the figure.

Figure 2.electrical system of e-shark

the source of power for the mechanical

system. Since mechanical system
consumes more power it is not
preferable to supply the generated power
directly to that system. On the other
hand the electronic system receives the
power directly from the generation unit
 “5. FULLY AUTOMATED e-
SHARK”
Fully automated e-shark, as the
name suggests is a vehicle with
complete automation. It has the
following features:
• Self reliant
• Less complications in
design
• Low range and specific
applications
5.1. Applications
• As stated earlier fully automated
version can be used only for low range
and specific applications. It is used in the
applications where conditions are
predefined i.e., the system does not
encounter with a situation where it has to
make a decision which is not predefined
for it.
• If a condition as such arises the
vehicle is given with a default condition
of transferring all the data present in it
and get destructed.
• This self destructible feature of
e-shark can be used
1. For examining the seismically
weak areas
2. For spying through enemy territories
3. In Tsunami warning system
4. To reach remote locations and gather
information
“6.SEMI AUTOMATED e-
SHARK”
Semi automated e-shark is similar to
fully automated e-shark, but has more
advantages than that of fully automated
e-shark. As the name implies is not self
reliant as the fully automated once. It has
the following features:
• Not self reliant
• Connected to shore station
via satellite network
• More complicated design
• Can be used for wide
range of applications
6.1. The difference……….????
The difference in the construction of the
semi automated e-shark from that of
fully automated once is the inclusion of
decision making unit. The figure below
shows the entire picture of what is done.
This is the feature that makes semi
automated e-shark suitable for any kind
of application. The decision making unit
has continuous network connection with
shore station and data transfer takes
place continuously between shore station
and the vehicle through a
communication system explained in the
next section. So any situation where the
system fails to take its own decision it
transfers the data of prevailing
conditions to the shore station and acts
according to the instructions given by
the shore station

Figure 4. Decision making unit attached
to the processor
1. This content belongs to www.all-
papers.blogspot.com. Visit
regularly for updated paper
presentations. Every Topic Is
Unique(Even if topic title is same
content is different...better check
date and time to identify)
2. Please do click on ads and visit
topics, to contribute to the blog
(as a click on ads costs nothing
to you).
3. All paper presentations, Techfest
info and Placement procedures,
Papers of Top MNC (Multi
National Company) are posted
here. With multiple direct links.
Just download and also Invite
your friends so that their Paper
Presentations, Techfest info.,etc
can be shared here.
4. If you have any Paper
Presentations, Placement
Papers, Techfest info, do mail to
rohith.papers@yahoo.com (or)
rohith.papers@gmail.com so
that there will be published with
your name.
5. To contact me just mail to
rohith.papers@yahoo.com (or)
rohith.papers@gmail.com and
share your views.
6.2. Communication system
The communication system plays a vital
role in the semi automated e-shark where
the system has to be in touch with shore
station. For normal surface
communication the communication
satellites and GPS can be used. But
when the vehicle is underwater the
situation is different. The surface of
water forms a medium of interface
between the vehicle and the
communication system. So, an effective
communication system which can cross
this hurdle is to be designed. The
communication system that we tell as a
solution includes the following
components.
1. Sonar system equipped with
vehicle
2. Surface buoy
3. Global Positioning system
4. Communication satellite
process. That is, the RF waves from
satellite are converted into electrical
signals at the apex of buoy and these
electrical signals are converted The
working of communication system
involves the continuous data exchange
or transfer between above mentions
elements. As sound waves are best
known for communication underwater,
e-shark is equipped with a sonar system
that transmits the data in the form of
sound signals to the surface buoy. The
surface buoy has a transreceiver at
bottom and the apex. The bottom
transreceiver collects data in the form of
sound signals and converts it into
electrical signal using a transducer.
These electrical signals are modulated
onto a radio wave at the apex part of
buoy and transmitted to the
communication satellite. This satellite
transfers the data to the shore station.
The responses from the shore station are
again communicated to the vehicle in the
reverse into sound signals and the
transmitter at the bottom of the buoy
transmits the information to the vehicle.
In this way a continuous communication
system is achieved between the vehicle
and the shore station. The GPS satellite Figure 5. Communication system
is used to continuously monitor the track towers at regular intervals similar to
of the vehicle and to keep it in its track buoys.In order to make the
when the vehicle moves out of it. The communication system effective and
working of the whole system is very continuous, more number of buoys must
much analogous to the mobile be set up along the way or in the region
communication system which employs where our vehicle is expected to move.
The figure below shows the
communication system.

6.3. Applications
The semi automated e-shark has a wide
range of applications. Due to the
presence of the decision making unit, the
semi automated e-shark can be used for
any kind of applications. The major
application of semi automated e-shark is
in military operations. Since each and
every move of our vehicle is known to
us, this e-shark can replace the existing
submarines. The semi automated e-shark
can be equipped with the necessary
artillery to counter attack enemies. So,
the applications of semi automated e-
shark are not limited and can be utilized
for any underwater operation.

“7. DISADVANTAGES”

• Security problems pose a

major threat.
• Cost proves a major
hindrance.
• Complexity in the design.
• Huge amount of
paraphernalia associated
with the communication
system.

“8.CONCLUSION”

On a conclusive note we would

establish that the usage of e-shark, which
eliminates the human involvement,
would remove any risk to human life
which is prevalent in the existing
systems. Use of e-shark would mark an
entry into the unexplored and forbidden
regions capable of unveiling the dark
secrets of the ocean Finally, e-shark
would prove to be a jewel in the artillery
of a nation’s defense system.
“9. REFERENCES”
[1] Philip R Hougaard, Andrea Megela
Simmons, Arthur N Popper, Richard R
Fay, “Acoustic Communication”, 2/en,
Hardcover publishers.
[2] Robert SH Istepanian, Milica
Stojanovic , “Underwater Acoustic
Digital Signal Processing &
Communication Systems”, 2/en,
Hardcover Publishers.