LABORATORY MANUAL IN

AMT 1207
APPLIED CHEM AND
PHYSICS
Compiled by:
Antonio G. Cariquitan, MPA

Edited/Modified by:
Rachelle R. Nocete

Family Name, Given Name, MI

Course/ Yr/Section
 Republic of the Philippines
PHILIPPINE STATE COLLEGE OF AERONAUTICS
Mactan Campus, Brigadier General Benito N Ebuen Air Base, Lapu-Lapu City

SAFETY AND LABORATORY RULES FOR GENERAL CHEMISTRY

I. Safety Rules

A. General

1. The performance of unauthorized experiments is strictly prohibited.

2. All personal injuries, however slight, occurring in the laboratory must be

reported immediately to instructor in charge of the laboratory.

3. Any accident, such as the spilling of dangerous or corrosive chemicals,

explosions, fires or the like, must be reported immediately.

4. Each student is required to know the location and proper use of fire
extinguishers and first-aid kit in the laboratory in which he is working.

5. All water, gas, air, electrical and other service connections must be safe
and secure.

6. Solid matter, not soluble in water, paper, matches, towels, broken glass,
stoppers, rubber tubing, ect., is to kept out of sinks at all times to minimize
the danger of plugging drains. Such items are to kept away from positions
where they might fall into sinks or drains.

7. Practical jokes, boisterous conduct, excessive noise (as from radios, ect.)
will be forbidden.

8. There shall be NO SMOKING where in the chemistry portion of the school.

9. No student is permitted to work in the laboratory unless an instructor is

present.

II. General Rules for Laboratory Conduct

1. The bench tops must be kept as free from unnecessary apparatus as

possible.
2. Report any loss of equipment to your instructor as soon as possible.

3. Never return any unused chemicals to the stock reagent bottles.

4. Use the quantities of reagent recommended in your laboratory guide.

5. At the termination of your experimental work, the desktop must be cleaned

off thoroughly with a wet sponge before leaving the laboratory.

6. Apparatus borrowed at the beginning of the laboratory period should be

returned the same day.
 NOTE: In the application of these rules, the student is to be careful and
considerate of the welfare of his neighbors as he of his own safety. Should
the interpretation of any of these regulations be necessary, the advice of
the instructor in charge should be obtained.

Remember that respect for and observation of these rules in the

laboratory are part of ordinary good citizenship.

Safety and Laboratory Rules

I, ________________________________ (surname, first name and MI) a first year

student of ______________________(Yr & Section) have read and understood the
above Safety Rules and General Rules for Laboratory Conduct and I am willing to
conform to them.

I will be held liable for any untoward incidents brought to pass by not abiding by
these rules.

_____________________________ Date:_________________
Signature over printed name
 PREFACE

This Laboratory manual has been compiled primarily for First year students
taking up Bachelor of Science in Aircraft Maintenance Technology (BS AMT) who are
enrolled in Applied Chemistry and Physics subject (AMT 126). This manual attempts
to supplement the concepts and principles learned the lecture part of this subject.

This will help the students learn and understand the behavior of matter. The
important and vital substance of these experiments is to develop their knowledge in
the concepts matter. They will also learn how to record precise and accurate
observations and data and to be able to analyze, interpret and compute data
gathered in an experiment.

Students will learn how to write and gather data. They will have to record these
data and observations in the data sheet attached in this manual religiously and
carefully. They should be able to answer the questions in a manner they can expect.
Any observation should be included in the final report.

As an old saying in science goes, “The easiest thing to observe is the hardest
to understand.” It is therefore a requisite for the students to have patience, care and
persistence in performing the experiments. After all, scientific discoveries were not
discovered with a snap of a finger or with a wave of a wand. Science is not magic,
but there is magic in science.

ANTONIO G. CARIQUITAN
 LABORATORY MANUAL IN AMT 1207
APPLIED CHEM AND PHYSICS
Table of Contents and Instructor’s Reference Sheet

Name:_____________________________ Course/Year& Section:______

Group No.:________________Lab Schedule:_______________________

Expt. Date Date Instructor’s

Title Page Rating
No. Performed Finished Signature
Familiarization of
1 Common Laboratory
Apparatus

2A Measuring Instruments

Density: Qualitative
2B
Determination

Common Laboratory
3
Operations

4 Forms of Matter

5 Gas Laws

Atmospheric and Air

6
Pressure

7 Accelerated Motion

8 First Law of Motion

9 Second Law of Motion

Potential and Kinetic

10
Energy
Name:___________________________ Date Performed:_______________

Experiment No. 1

FAMILIARIZATION OF COMMON LABORATORY APPARATUS

Objectives:

a) To familiarize the various laboratory equipment and apparatus needed

in Physics and Chemistry experimentation;

b) To give the functions of each laboratory equipment and apparatus;

Materials: All available apparatus/ equipment used in Physics and Chemistry

Procedure:

1. Draw all the equipment and apparatus used in Physics and Chemistry and give its
use/ function.
Name: _______________ Date Performed: _______________
Schedule: _______________ Instructor : _______________
Group no.: _______________ Remarks : _______________

Activity No. 1
Familiarization of Common Laboratory Apparatus

Laboratory Equipment and

Functions and/or Descriptons
Apparatus
Name:___________________________ Date Performed:_______________

Experiment 2A/2B
MEASURING INSTRUMENTS

Objective: a) To become familiar with different measuring instruments

b) To determine the accuracy and precision of different measuring
instruments

Materials: 1 pc 100 – 400 ml beaker

1 pc 100 ml graduated cylinder
1 pc 125 – 250 ml Erlenmeyer Flask
1pc Meter Stick
1 pc ruler
1 pc Tape Measure
1 pc Book

Procedure:

1. Do the activity with caution. You will be using measuring instruments made of
glasses.

2. Measure 100 ml H2O using a beaker. Record the reading in table 2a.

3. Measure 100 ml H2O using an Erlenmeyer Flask. Record the reading in table 2a.

4. Transfer the water from steps 2 and 3, one at a time, to determine whether it
measures precisely. Be sure not to spill any drop of water. Note the readings and
record in table 2a.

5. Measure the length, width, and thickness of the book using a ruler and a tape
measure. Record your readings in table 2b.

6. Measure the area (l x w x h) of a room use the meter stick.

7. Measure partner’s body parts. The circumference of the head and the waist and
the wingspan.
Name: _______________ Date Performed: _______________
Schedule: _______________ Instructor : _______________
Group no.: _______________ Remarks : _______________

Activity No. 2A
Measuring Instruments

Data and Results

Table 2a: Volume of H2O

Vol. of H2O in Graduated

Measuring Instrument Volume (mL)
Cylinder (mL)
Graduated Cylinder 100 mL

Beaker 100 mL

Erlenmeyer Flask 100 mL

Table 2b: Volume of Solid and Area, Measuring Tools

Measuring Instrument Length Width Thickness

cm in cm in cm in

Ruler (Book)

Meter Stick ( area of a room)

Tape Measure (Body parts)

a. head

b. waist

c. wingspan

Questions

1. Write your observation in the investigation for the instruments used in measuring
volume of water and the book.

2. Which of the instruments used to determine the volume is closely as précised as

the graduated cylinder?

3. Write your observation in the investigation for the instruments used in measuring
length, width, and thickness.

4. Draw the room with its corresponding measurements.

5. What values can we learn in the activity/ experiment?

NAME: ____________________________ DATE:_____________
YEAR & SECTION: _____________________

Experiment No. 2B
DENSITY: QUALITATIVE DETERMINATION

Objective: To determine the different densities of sugar solution.

Apparatus: None

Materials: 200 g white sugar, 6 disposable clear plastic glass/ cups, plastic spoon,
food coloring

Procedure:

1. In the first glass/ cup, add one tablespoon of sugar. In the second glass, add two
tablespoons of sugar, three in the third, and four in the last glass.

2. Add three tablespoons of H 2O into each glass, and stir until the sugar is dissolved.

3. When the sugar is completely dissolved, add two or three drops of red food
coloring to the first glass, yellow to the second, green to the third, and blue to
the last glass.

4. To the last glass with the blue sugar solution, slowly and carefully add the green
solution. Do this by putting the plastic spoon in the glass, just above the level of
the blue sugar solution. Add the yellow solution, and then the red one in the same
manner. What do you notice about the colored solution?

Conclusions:

1. Describe the general methods that could be used to determine the density of a
solid and a liquid.

2. What are your observation during the experiment? In your own words, what is
density?

3. What values can we learn in the activity/ experiment?

 Experiment No. 3
COMMON LABORATORY OPERATIONS

Objectives:

1. To measure and read volume of liquids correctly using a graduated

cylinder.

2. To execute the proper way of :

a) transferring liquids from container to another
b) heating liquids in a test tube
c) preparing filter paper for filtration process
d) separating solid and liquid components of mixtures by filtration,
evaporation and decantation

3. To describe the result obtained when Potassium Iodide and Lead

Acetate are mixed.

4. To be acquainted with common laboratory operations and will be able

to state an operational definition of the following:

a) filtrate f) filtration
b) residue g) evaporation
c) supernatant liquid h) decantation
d) precipitate i) precipitation
e) distillate

Apparatus: Two beakers, Erlenmeyer flask, stirring rod, two test tube, test tube
holder, Alcohol lamp, evaporating dish, tripod, graduated cylinder
funnel

Materials: Potassium Iodide solution, Lead Acetate solution, filter paper,

unknown solids and liquids for investigating tastes and odors.

Procedure:

1. Measuring Volume of Liquids

Fill the test tube with water up to the brim. Measure the volume using a graduated
cylinder. In reading the volume, keep the eye level with the lower meniscus of the
liquid. Record the volume of the liquid in the test tube.

2. Transferring Liquids

Take a beaker and an Erlenmeyer Flask. Fill the beaker about three fourths full of
water. Take the vessel with water in one hand and a glass rod in the other. Holding
the rod against the lip of the vessel, transfer the liquid into an Erlenmeyer flask.
Why should one use a glass rod or piece of glass tubing in transferring liquids
from vessel to another?

3. Heating Liquids in a test tube

 Take a test tube and partially fill with ¾ with water. Holding the tube about 45°
angle pass the tube lowly back and forth through the alcohol lamp flame in such
a manner that the top of the flame is near the top of the liquid but does not touch
the empty part of the tube.

Drawing: (for the student to do the illustration)

Why should you heat the upper portion of the liquid rather than the bottom? When
heating liquids, never point the open end of the test tube towards another person.
Why?

4. Investigating odors

In the study of chemistry we will come across substances with characters with
characteristic odors. Some of the vapors may even be dangerous to inhale. We
have to be cautious in investigating odors. Never take a deep breath of the vapor
right at the mouth of the container where the concentration of the vapor is high.
Fan the vapor towards you with your hand. Write your observation in the blanks
below

A B C D

___________ __________ __________ ____________

5. Investigating tastes

Touch the substances in front of you with the tip of your finger and apply it to the
tip of your tongue.

A B C D

___________ __________ __________ ____________