Bakhtar Private High School

Grammar worksheet
Ninth Grades

Prepared by: Nilofar Benawa

2020
 Bakhtar Private High School
Worksheet
English Grammar

Basic elements of a sentence:

Subject ‫فاعل‬
Subject: is the doer of an action.
.‫کننده کار را فاعل گویند‬
Verb‫فعل‬
Verb :is a word which shows state or action.
.‫فعل کلمه ایست که حالت یا عمل را نشان می دهد‬
Like: Come, Buy, Go, know etc

Complement ‫تکمیل کننده‬

A word or group of words which completes the meaning of the sentence is called complement.

.‫کلمه یا گروپی از کلمات که معنی جمله را کامل میسازد بنام تکمیل کننده یاد میشود‬
Ex. He works in a bank.
Ex. You are living in Kabul.

Exercise: identify the subject (s), verb (v), and complement (c) of each sentences.

Exp: 1. I work at a bank. I (s) work (v) at a work. (c).

2. She lives with her parents.

3. Cows feed on grass.

4. He earns a handsome salary.

5. Janet wants to be a singer.

6. Emily makes delicious cookies.

7. Arti and her husband live in Singapore.

8. Rohan and Sania like to play card games.

9. Sophia speaks English very well.

10. Martin goes for a walk in the morning.

11. My grandfather adores his pet dog.

12. Plants need water and sunlight for making their food.
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English Grammar

2. Simple Present Tense ‫زمان حال ساده‬

1.1. Structures:
(+) Affirmative form: S+V+ Complement.
(?) Interrogative form: Do/Does + S + V + Complement?
(-) Negative form: S + Do/Does + Not + V +Complement.
(-?)Negative Interrogative form: Do/Does + S + Not + V + Complement?

Ex. I come to school every day

Ex. Do I come to school every day?
Ex. I do not come to school every day.
Ex. Do I not come to school every day?

Exercise 1: Complete the sentences by putting in the verbs. Use the present simple. You have to
decide if the verb is positive or negative.
For example: (+) Claire is very sociable. She knows (know) lots of people.
(-) We've got plenty of chairs, thanks. We don't want (want) any more.
1 My friend is finding life in Paris a bit difficult. He............ (speak) French.
2 Most students live quite close to the college, so they .................. .......... (walk) there.
3 My sports kit is really muddy. This shirt...............................................(need) a good wash.
4 I've got four cats and two dogs. I ...........................................(love) animals.
5 No breakfast for Mark, thanks. He...............................................(eat) breakfast.
6 What's the matter? You ............................................(look) very happy.
7 Don't try to ring the bell. It..............................................(work).
8 I hate telephone answering machines. I just............................................. (like) talking to them.
9 Matthew is good at badminton. He............................................ (win) every game.
10 We always travel by bus. We ..........................................(own) a car.
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English Grammar

2.Simple Present Tense continues…

1.2. Usage ‫موارد استعمال‬
1.2.1. Simple present tense: is use to show habitual action. Habitual action is an action which
is done habitually. Like every day, every noon, every week, etc.
‫ عمل حسب معمول عملی است که عادتا ً یا‬،‫ برای بیان نمودن عمل های حسب معمول استعمال میشود‬:‫زمان حال ساده‬
.‫ و غیره انجام میشود‬،‫ هر هفته‬،‫ هر چاشت‬،‫معموالً مانند هر روز‬

Ex. We come to course every day.

Ex. Noor drinks milk every morning.

Note: When simple present tense is used to show habitual actions,

It is usually followed by adverbs of frequency; Adverbs of frequency are those which show
repetition of an action.
Like: Always, often, usually, sometimes etc.

‫ معموالً با قیود تکراری همراهی میشوند‬،‫ هنگامیکه زمان حال ساده برای بیان کار های حسب معمول بکار رود‬:‫یادداشت‬
.‫قیود تکراری قیود اند که تکرار یک عمل را نشان میدهند‬
.‫ معموالً بعضی اوقات و غیره‬،ً‫ اکثرا‬،‫ همیشه‬:‫مانند‬
Ex. I am always in the library.
Ex. She often washes the dishes.

Exercise 2: Put the verbs into the correct form.

Exp: On Mondays he (go) ____goes_______ to the gym.
You never (arrive) ____________on time.
I seldom (go) ___________________to the zoo.
Francis occasionally (drink)_____________ coffee.
Ron seldom (do)______________________ his homework.
They (not / often / sing) __________________songs.
Pierre (not / play) -_______________________tennis every week.
I (not / usually / watch) ______________________ TV in the mornings.
(they / spend) ______________their holidays in Canada every year?
(he /always / wear) _________________ a hat?
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2.Simple Present Tense continues…

1.2.2. Simple present tense: Is use to show general fact,
General fact is a fact which is clear for all.
‫ حقیقت واضح و کلی آنست که برای‬.‫ برای بیان حقایق واضح و روشن بکار میرود‬:‫زمان حال ساده‬
.‫همه آشکار باشد‬
Ex. Ahmad is a boy.
Ex. God is one.
Ex. The earth moves around the sun.

1.2.3. Simple present tense: Is also used to show a planned future action
.‫ همچنان برای بیان عمل پالن شده در زمان آینده استعمال میشود‬:‫زمان حال ساده‬
Ex. I go to Kabul tomorrow.
Ex. We finish the class next week.
Ex. She comes here tomorrow.

Exercise 3: put the correct form verbs in blank space.

Exp: Paris (be) ___is________ the capital of France.

Hamlet (be) ____________ play by Shakespeare.

Mount Everest (reach) ____________ a height of 8848 meters.
Water (boil) ____________at 100°C.
Ice (melt) _________at 0°C.
The river Thames (flow) _______________past the Houses of Parliament.
The Olympic Games (take place) ________ every four years.
A waiter (work) ___________ in a restaurant.
The earth (travel) ____________around the sun in approximately 365 days.
My father (speak)_____________ English.

Exercise 4: The following sentences describe future actions that are set by a timetable or
schedule. Put the verbs into the correct form.

The plane (arrive)___arrives__________ in London at 11:45.

The lesson (start)________________in five minutes.
The film (begin)____________________ at 8 o'clock.
My brother's birthday (be)_________________ on Wednesday.
The train (leave)_____________Manchester at 7:23.
The festival (end)____________on Sunday.
The next bus (come)_________ in 35 minutes.
Which day (open / the exhibition)________________________________ ?
What day (be) ____________________________it tomorrow?
What time (close / the zoo)________________________ ?
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2.Simple Present Tense continues…

Memo: Verbs ending in (s, ss, sh, ch, o, x, z,) take (es)
Verbs ending in other letters take only (s)
.‫( اختیار میکنند‬es) ‫( ختم شده اند‬s, ss, sh, ch, o, x, z) ‫ افعال که به حروف‬:‫یاداشت‬
.‫( اختیار میکنند‬s) ‫افعال که به حروف دیگر ختم شده اند در زمان حال ساده‬
Ex. She watches the TV every day.
EX. She washes the dishes

Note: Verbs ending in (Y) following a consonant, change the (Y) to (I) and add (es).
‫( عالوه می‬es) ‫ ( تبدیل کرده و‬I ) ‫ ( را به‬y ) ‫ ( حروف بی صدا باشد‬y) ‫ و قبل از‬،‫ (ختم شده اند‬y )‫افعالیکه به‬
.‫کنیم‬
Ex. Ahmad studies English everyday.

Exercise 5: Write down the third person singular of the following verbs.

I can - he can
I go - he _____________.
I wish - he _________________.
I must - he __________________.
I hurry – he__________________.
I do - he _____________________
I may – he____________________
I kiss - he ______________________
I worry - he __________________
I teach - he __________________
Exercise 6: Write down the verbs in the third person singular. Note the exceptions in spelling.

Exp: I can swim. - She can swim.

I miss the bus. – She___________ the bus.
I know you. – She_____________ you.
I sit down. – She___________ down.
I often cry. - She often ______________.
I play chess. – She___________ chess.
I come home. - She _________________ home.
I must go now. - She must ____________now.
I fly to Rome every year. - She _______________to Rome every year.
I always do my best. - She always_______________ her best.
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English Grammar

3.Present Continuous / Progressive Tense

‫ استمراری‬/ ‫زمان حال جاری‬

3.1.Structures:
(+) a: Affirmative Form: S + To be + V ing + Complement.
(?) b: Question Form: To be + S + V ing + Complement.
(-?) c: Negative Interrogative: To be + S + Not + V ing + Complement
(-) d: Negative Form: S + To be + Not + V ing + Complement.

Ex. I am studying English.

Ex. Am I studying English.
Ex. Am I not studying English.
Ex. I am not studying English.

)Not+Subject( ‫ در آنصورت ما میتوانیم از ساختمان‬،‫ هر گاه در شکل منفی سوالی مخففات بکار رفته باشد‬:‫نوت‬
.‫استعفاده میکنیم‬

Exercise on affirmative sentences

Exercise 1:Use the words below to make sentences in present progressive.
Exp: I / to read a book - I am reading a book.

it / to rain __________________________________________________________________
he / to repair his bike _______________________________________________________
they / to watch a film _____________________________________________________________
the cat /to sleep on the chair ____________________________________________________
Jane and Emily / to do their homework __________________________________________
Bill / to wait at the bus stop ____________________________________________________
we / to listen to the radio _____________________________________________
the children / to play a game ________________________________________
Laura / to walk the dog ________________________________________

Exercise on negative sentences

Exercise 2: Transform the sentences below into negative sentences.
Exp: I am watching TV. I am not watching TV

I am talking. ________________________________________________
They are drawing. ___________________________________________
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He is opening the window. _________________________________
Angela is cleaning the bathroom. ________________________________________
We are helping in the garden. _______________________________________
You are singing. __________________________________________
It is raining. __________________________________________________
She is joking. ____________________________________________________
I am tidying up my room. ________________________________________

Exercise on questions I
Exercise 3: Write questions with the words below.
Exp: Peter / to go / to the cinema - Is Peter going to the cinema?

they / to play / a game _______________________________________________

she / to listen /to the radio __________________________________________
I / to dream __________________________________________________________
they / to pack / their bags __________________________________________________
you / to do / the washing-up -______________________________________________
we / to talk / too fast - ____________________________________________________
they / to clean / the windows - ________________________________________
she / to watch / the news ___________________________________________-
you / to pull / my leg ___________________________________________
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3.Present Continuous / Progressive Tense cont…

3.2. rules of adding (ing):

1. Verb ending in single (e) drop (e) and add ing.
.‫( اضافه میکنیم‬Ing) ‫( اخر یا ساکن را حذف کرده‬e) ‫( ساکن ختم شده باشد‬e) ‫افعالیکه به‬
Ex. Make_ Making _ Take _ Taking
Memo: Verbs end in (ee) no change is possible.
.‫( ختم شده باشد تغیری در آن ها ممکن نیست‬ee) ‫افعالیکه به‬
Ex. Agree, Agreeing.

2. Verbs ending in (C) an extra (K) is added before adding (Ing).

.‫( عالوه میگردد‬C) ‫( اضافی بعد از‬K) ‫( در آخر آنها‬Ing) ‫( ختم شده اند قبل از اضافه نمودن‬C) ‫افعالیکه به حروف‬
Ex. Picnic, Picnicking.

Exercise 4: Write down the (ing)form of the following words. Mind the exceptions in spelling.
Exp: make - making
have -
sit -
run -
lie -
stop -
model -
get -
travel -
tie -

Exercise 5: Use the words below to write sentences in present progressive. Note that
sometimes there are exceptions in spelling when adding 'ing'.
Exp: He / to get / pretty nervous - He is getting pretty nervous.

She / to write / a letter ________________________________

We / not / to work ____________________________________________
They / to argue __________________________________________________
Look! / The dog / to pee / on the carpet _____________________________________________
I / to meet / my friend’s tonight _______________________________________________
He / to travel / a lot _____________________________________________
The kids / to play / in the garden ________________________________________
She / to enter / the house ______________________________________________
They / to tie / still _______________________________________________________
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English Grammar

3.Present Continuous / Progressive Tense cont…

3.3. Usage
3.3.1. Present Continuous Tense: Shows the duration of an action which is in progress at the
moment of speaking.
.‫ جریان عملی را نشان میدهد که در لحظه صحبت یا گفتار در جریان یا اجرا باشد‬:‫زمان حال جاری‬

Memo: When present continuous is used to this way, It is usually followed by adverbs of time
Like: Right now, now, present etc.

‫ در‬،‫ همین حاال‬:‫معموالً با قیود زمان همراه اند مانند‬، ‫ هنگامیکه زمان حال جاری در این طریقه بکار میرود‬:‫یاداشت‬
.‫ و غیره همراهی می شوند‬،‫حال حاضر‬

Ex. Ahmad is speaking with Ramin.

Ex. We are studying our lesson right now.
Ex. He is living in Kabul at present.

Exercise 6: Answer the questions in complete sentences using the words in brackets in the
correct form.
Exp: What is he doing? (to play golf)
He is playing golf.

What is he doing? (to watch TV)

What is she doing? (to talk on the phone)

What is he doing? (to read a book)

What are they doing? (to play American football)

What is he doing? (to cry)

What is she doing? (to run)

What are they doing? (to sit in a meeting)

What is he doing? (to cycle)

What is she doing? (to climb up a ladder)

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3.Present Continuous / Progressive Tense cont…

3.3. Usage
3.3.2. Present Continues Tense: Can be also used to show an action which will take place in the
future.

.‫ که در آینده به وقوع خواهد افتاد‬،‫زمان حال جاری را همچنان میتوان برای عملی استعمال کرد‬

Ex. He is coming here tomorrow.

Ex. We are going a picnic next week.
Ex. She is leaving Kabul next Sunday.

3.3.3.Present Continues Tense: Can also show the duration of an action which is going on but not
necessarily at the moment speaking.

. ‫ همچنان میتواند جریان عملی را نشان دهد که در حال انجام است اما نه حتما ً در موقع صحبت کردن‬:‫زمان حال جاری‬

Ex. Ahmad is working in a bank.

Ex. I am studying at school.
Ex. Karim and Fawad are swimming in the pool.

Exercise 7: Answer the questions. Leave out the time expressions (see example).
Exp: What is Kim doing on Monday evening? (to meet Tom)
She is meeting Tom.
What is she doing on Tuesday afternoon? (look after Carol's kids)

What is she doing on Tuesday evening? (play badminton)

What is she doing on Wednesday morning? (see the dentist)

What is she doing on Wednesday evening? (work late)

What is she doing on Thursday afternoon? (pick up Jen from the airport)

What is she doing on Friday evening? (go to a concert)

What is she doing on Saturday morning? (go on a sight-seeing tour with Jen)

What is she doing on Saturday evening? (have a party)

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What is she doing on Sunday morning? (take Jen to the airport)

Exercise 8: The following actions are not permanent, but limited in time. Write sentences in
the present progressive.
Exp: John / to live / in London -
John is living in London.

Stacey / to help / in the pub this week ___________________________________

Joey / to take / a computer course this month ________________________________________

Tony / to stay / with a friend at the moment ___________________________________________

I / to work / this weekend ______________________________________

Aaron / to go by bus / this week _________________________________________

Ben / to make / his own sandwiches this week _______________________________________

I / to keep / to a strict diet this month ________________________________________

Kelly / not / to work / this week __________________________________

? / to tour / Robbie Williams / Britain / this summer ________________________________

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4.Simple Past Tense ‫زمان گذشته ساده‬

4.1. Structure: ‫ساختمان‬
(+) A. F = S + V2 + Complement.
(?) Q. F = Did + S + V + Complement?
(-) N. F = S + Did + Not + V + Complement.
(-?) N.I. F = Did + S + Not + V + Complement?

Ex. I went to a restaurant.

Ex. Did I go to a restaurant?
Ex. I did not go to a restaurant.
Ex. Did I not go to a restaurant?

Exercise 1: Exercise on positive sentences. Write positive sentences in simple past.

exp: he / the question / answer
He answered the question.

you / a question / ask___________________________

the dog / bark _____________________________________
they / us / call __________________________________________
we / a mountain / climb ______________________________
John / stamps / collect ______________________________________
we / in London / live __________________________________________
I / hungry / be ______________________________________________
they / a hamster / have________________________________________
he / to school / go__________________________________________
the dog / bark______________________________________________
they / us / call_____________________________________________
we / a mountain / climb ________________________________________

Exercise 2: Exercise on negative sentences. Rewrite the sentences in the negative.

Exp: They collected postcards. →
They did not collect postcards.

You jumped high. →

Albert played squash. →

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The teacher tested our English. →

Fiona visited her grandma. →

He washed the car. →

You were thirsty. →

He had a computer. →

I bought bread. →

You saw the house. →

Exercise 3: on questions. Write questions in simple past.

Exp: Anna / the window / open
Did Anna open the window?

she / home / walk

you / in the garden / work

you / a song / sing

she / on a chair / sit

you / the castle / visit

Jenny / the door / lock

she / happy / be

Greg / the ball / kick

the car / at the corner / stop

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4.Simple Past Tense cont.…

4.2. Usage ‫موارد استعمال‬
4.2.1. Simple Past Tense is used to show an action which took place at a specific time in the past
and finished now.
.‫ که در زمان گذشته در یک وقت معین شروع و ختم شده باشد‬،‫ برای بیان عملی استعمال می گردد‬:‫زمان گذشته ساده‬
Note: The simple past tense is usually followed by adverbs of time like: yesterday, Last week,
Last month…. Etc.
.‫ و غیره همراهی می شوند‬،‫ ماه گذشته‬،‫ هفته گذشته‬،‫ زمان گذشته ساده معموالً با قیود زمان چون دیروز‬:‫یادداشت‬
Ex. I saw my friend yesterday.
Ex. We moved in this house last year.
Ex. She went home last week.

Exercise 4: circle the past verb in each sentences.

Billy ate an apple.

The children played in the garden.

Laura came home at six o'clock.

The boy read a book.

The girl wrote five letters.

Exercise 5: Put the sentences into simple past.

We open the door. →

You write poems. →

Richard plays in the garden. →

Kerry does not speak English. →

Do you see the bird? →

Exercise 6: Write sentences in simple past.

you / cards / play
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I / a car / want

we / the game / lose

not / I / early / get up

4.Simple Past Tense cont…

4.3. Regular and Irregular Verbs ‫افعال با قاعده و بی قاعده‬

A verb has three forms ‫و حالت سوم‬،‫ گذشته‬،‫یک فعل سه شکل دارد ساده‬
Simple Past Past participle
See Saw Seen
Talk Talked Talked
Play Played Played

The verbs are divided into two parts in form:

.‫افعال از لحاظ شکل به دودسته تقسیم می شوند‬
I. Regular Verbs.
II. Irregular Verbs.

1. Regular Verbs: ‫افعال با قاعده‬

Regular verbs are those which form their past and past participle by taking (d) or (ed) at the end of simple
form.
.‫( در آخر شکل ساده افعال تشکیل میدهند‬ed) ‫( و یا‬d) ‫ آن دسته افعالی هستند که شکل گذشته و حالت سوم خودرا با گرفتن‬:‫افعال با قاعده‬
Simple Past Past participle
Play Played Played
Liked Liked Liked
Invite Invited Invited

2. Irregular Verbs: ‫افعال بی قاعده‬

Irregular verbs are those which do not have any special rule to form their past and past participle.
.‫افعال بی قاعده افعالی هستند که قاعده مشخص برای حالت گذشته و حالت سوم خود ندارند‬
Simple Past Past participle
See Saw Seen
Go Went Gone
Say Said Said
Bite Bit Bitten

Exercise 7: Write the past forms of the irregular verbs.

feel →
cost →
drive →
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catch →
feed →

Exercise 8: Put the sentences into simple past.

They repeat the question. →

She hugs her little brother. →

The snowman melts in the sun. →

The candle does not burn. →

Do they chat in a forum? →

____________________________________________________________________________

4.Simple Past Tense

4.4. Rules of adding (d) or (ed)

(ed) ‫( یا‬d) ‫قواعد اضافه نمودن‬
4.4.1. Verbs ending in (e) or double (ee) is only added (d)
.‫) در آنها عالوه می گردد‬d) ‫( ختم شده باشند حرف‬ee) ‫( و یا دبل‬e) ‫افعالیکه به حرف‬
Simple Past Past participle
Injure Injured Injured
Agree Agreed Agreed
4.4.2. Verbs ending in (y) following a consonant (Y) is changed into (I) and(ed) is added.
.‫( اختیار میکند‬ed) ‫( تبدیل شده‬I) ‫( به‬Y) ‫( ختم شده باشند و به تعقیب آن حرف بی صدا باشد‬Y) ‫افعالیکه به‬
Simple Past Past participle
Study Studied Studied
Try Tried Tried

4.4.3.Add (ed) at the end of verbs ending in (Y) following a vowel without any change.
.‫( بدون کدام تغییر در اخیر آنها عالوه میگردد‬ed) ‫( ختم شده اند و قبل از آن حرف صدا دار آمده باشد‬Y) ‫افعالیکه به حرف‬
Simple Past Past participle
Pray Prayed Prayed
Play Played Played
Annoy Annoyed Annoyed

4.4.4.One syllable regular verbs ending in a consonant following a vowel we double the last consonant
and (ed) is added.
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‫ حرف بی صدا را دبل ساخته‬،‫افعال یک هجائی که به حرف بی صدا ختم شده باشد و به تعقیب آن حرف صدا دار موجود باشد‬
.‫ عالوه میکنیم‬ed ‫و‬
Simple Past Past participle
Stop Stopped Stopped
Drop Dropped Dropped

Exercise 9: Write the verbs in simple past in following blank spaces.

1. Once upon a time there (be)__were_______ three bears:

huge Papa Bear, ordinary Mama Bear and tiny little Baby Bear. They (live)________ in a great
big wood.
2. One day, ordinary Mama Bear (cook)_________ a delicious porridge for her family and
(put)__________
it into bowls: a huge bowl for huge Papa Bear, an ordinary bowl for ordinary Mama Bear and a
tiny little bowl for tiny little Baby Bear.
3. To give the porridge some time to cool down, the three bears (go)___________ for a walk.
4. Near the great big wood, there (live)__________ a little girl called Goldilocks.
5. She (be)________ not allowed to go into the wood. But one day, she (sneak)__________ out
of the house and (run)__________ into the great big wood.
6. After a while, she (come) ___________ to the house of the three bears.
7. She (knock)________ at the door. She (look)__________ through the windows. But nobody
(seem)_________ to be there.
8. So, little Goldilocks (step) __________ inside.