Electronics Engineering 2, Laboratory | Jan 30, 2018

Experiment No. 6
Amplifier Frequency Response - JFET
Dan Marlo S. Bautista1, Ronnie S. Concepcion II2
1
Computer Engineering Department, University of Perpetual Help System Dalta
2
School of Graduate Studies, Mapua University
1
Cavite, Philippines, 2Manila, Philippines
1
dann8@rocketmail.com
2
concepcionriis@gmail.com

Abstract— Amplifiers produce gain while filters alter the

amplitude and phase characteristics of an electrical signal with
respect to its frequency. As these amplifiers and filters use
resistors, inductors, or capacitor networks within their design,
there is an important relationship between the use of these
reactive components and the circuits frequency response
characteristics.
Index Terms— JFET, Drain, Source, Gate, Frequency
response
III. INTRODUCTION
The Field Effect Transistor is a three-terminal unipolar
semiconductor device that has very similar characteristics to
those of their bipolar transistor counterparts. For example, high
efficiency, instant operation, robust and cheap and can be used
in most electronic circuit applications to replace their
equivalent bipolar junction transistors.

I. OBJECTIVES
The objective of this experiment is to be able to determine
the input impedance and the output impedance of an amplifier
using junction field effect transistor (JFET)and to be able to
measure the voltage gain and examine the input-output
waveform and phase characteristic of an amplifier using JFET.
II. MATERIALS NEEDED
QUANTITY MATERIALS /
EQUIPMENT
1 Power Supply
1 Multimeter
1 Oscilloscope
1 Function Generator
Transistors
1 2N3954 or equivalent (n-
channel)
Resistors
1 91K Ω (1/2 W)
1 8.2K Ω (1/2 W)
2 3.3K Ω (1/2 W)
1 1K Ω (1/2 W)
Capacitors
3 10 µF
Table 1. Materials
A Field Effect Transistor or simply FET, uses the voltage that
is applied to their input terminal, called the Gate to control the
current flowing through them resulting in the output current
being proportional to the input voltage. As their operation
relies on an electric field generated by the input Gate voltage,
this then makes the Field Effect Transistor a “VOLTAGE”
operated device.
Field effect transistors can be made much smaller than an
equivalent bipolar junction transistor and along with their low
power consumption and power dissipation makes them ideal
for use in integrated circuits such as CMOS, range of digital
logic chips.[ CITATION Ele \l 1033 ]
In a junction field effect transistor, the controlled current
passes from source to drain, of from drain to source as the case
may be. The controlling voltage is applied to the gate and
source. The current does not have to cross through a PN
junction on its way between the source and drain: the path
(called a channel) is an uninterrupted block of semiconductor
material. This channel could either be an N-channel or a P-
channel.[ CITATION All \l 1033 ]
The control of current flowing in this channel is achieved by
varying the voltage applied to the Gate. As their name implies,
Bipolar Transistors are “Bipolar” devices because they operate
with both types of charge carriers, Holes and Electrons. The
Field Effect Transistor on the other hand is a “Unipolar” device
that depends only on the conduction of electrons (N-channel)
or holes (P-channel).
 Electronics Engineering 2, Laboratory | Jan 30, 2018

The Field Effect Transistor has one major advantage over its
standard bipolar transistor cousins, in that their input
impedance, is very high, (thousands of Ohms), while the BJT is
comparatively low. This very high input impedance makes
them very sensitive to input voltage signals, but the price of
this high sensitivity also means that they can be easily damaged
by static electricity.[ CITATION Ele \l 1033 ]

IV. PROCEDURE

The experiment was conducted by following the procedures

given by instructor.

1. Connect the components of the circuit of Figure 3.

Figure 1. N-Channel JFET

Figure 2. P-Channel JFET

Generally, N-channel JFETs are more commonly used than P-
channel. The reasons for this have to do with obscure details of
semiconductor theory. [ CITATION All \l 1033 ]
Frequency response of an electric or electronic circuit allows
us to see exactly how the output gain and the phase changes at
a particular single frequency, or over a whole range of different
frequencies from 0Hz, to many thousands of mega-hertz.
Generally, the frequency response analysis of a circuit or
system is shown by plotting its gain, that is the size of its
output to its input signal, Output/input against a frequency
scale over which the circuit or system is expected to operate.
Then by knowing the circuits gain, at each frequency point
helps us to understand how well the circuit can distinguish
between signals of different frequencies [ CITATION
Ele1 \l 1033 ]
Figure 3. Circuit Diagram
2. Adjust the function generator input to 20-mV(peak),
60 Hz frequency and measure the following ac
currents and voltages using an analog or a digital
multimeter. Record your data in column 2 of table 2.
3. Connect the oscilloscope probes of Channel A and
Channel B at the output terminals and input terminals
of the common-emitter configuration. Set the
oscilloscope to dual mode, and adjust the horizontal
scale to 10ms/div. Adjust the vertical scale of Channel
A to 200 mV/div and the vertical scale of Channel B
to 500 mV/div. Adjust the vertical position of the two
and determine the phase difference between the input
and the output voltages.
 Electronics Engineering 2, Laboratory | Jan 30, 2018

V. ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS

1. Compute for Zi, Zo, Ai, and Av using the values

obtained from procedure 1.

Bypassed:

28.284 mV
Zi= =7530.351 Ω
3.756 µA

97.677 mV
Zo= =1638.106Ω
59.628uA

59.628 uA
Ai= =15.875
3.756 uA

97.677 mV
Av= =3.453 Figure 4. Waveform – Bypassed
28.284 mV
Unbypassed:

28.284 mV
Zi= =7530.351 Ω
3.756 µA

34.659 mV
Zo= =1649.821 Ω
21.046 uA

21.046 uA
Ai= =5.603
3.756 uA

34.659 mV
Av= =1.224
28.284 mV

2. What are the advantages of using JFET than BJT for Figure 5. Waveform – Unbypassed
amplifier?
The difference in magnitude between the input and the output
is noticeable as the output becomes more streamlined and
VI. ANALYSIS OF RESULTS consistent while the input displays a full sine-wave, showing
Using a 20-mv(peak) input from the function generator, the that the input voltage is unrectified.
amplifier circuit yielded decent gains from the voltage and
current. Arranging the circuit is faster as the transistor required VII. CONCLUSION
is already in a compact form, making the connections much
easier to configure. After setting up the circuit, we recorded the
data using a digital multimeter. The frequency response of a device or a circuit describes its
operation over a specified range of signal frequencies by
Parameters Bypassed RE Unbypassed RE showing its gain, or the amount of signal it lets through
Ii 3.756 µA 3.756 µA changes with frequency. Most amplifiers and filters have a flat
Io 59.628 µA 21.046 µA frequency response characteristic in which the bandwidth or
passband section of the circuit is flat and constant over a wide
Vi 28.284 mV 28.284 mV
range of frequencies.
Vo 97.677 mV 34.659 mV
Table 2. Measured Values
 Electronics Engineering 2, Laboratory | Jan 30, 2018

ACKNOWLEDGMENT VIII. REFERENCES

The researcher takes this opportunity to express gratitude to

the people who have been instrumental in the successful
completion of this project. Especially, to those who laid time
and effort in conceptualizing this project. He would also like
to show his greatest appreciation to his adviser, Engr. Ronn
Conception II. for the support, advices and assistance
throughout the research project. Without his encouragement
and guidance this project would not have materialized.

All About Circuits. (n.d.). Introduction to Junction Field Effect Transistors (JFET). Retrieved from All About Circuits:
https://www.allaboutcircuits.com/textbook/semiconductors/chpt-5/junction-field-effect-transistors-jfet/
Electronics Tutorials. (n.d.). Frequency Response. Retrieved from Electronics-tutorials.ws: https://www.electronics-
tutorials.ws/amplifier/frequency-response.html
Electronics Tutorials. (n.d.). Junction FIeld Effect Transistors. Retrieved from Electronics-tutorials: https://www.electronics-
tutorials.ws/transistor/tran_5.html