ORGANI

SATI
ONALBEHAVI
OURASSI
GNMENT

UNI
TCODE:HBC2209

B.
B.I
.T3.
1

GROUPNO:5

GROUPX

NAMES REGNUMBER

PETERRAGUE HDB212-
0350/
2018

SUSANNYAMBURA HDB212-
0256/
2018

GEORGENDI
RANGU HDB212-
0269/
2018

DENNI
SKARI
UKI HDB212-
0299/
2018

ALEXWAI
NAI
NA HDB212-
0536/
2018

ELI
ZABETHMURI
UKI HDB212-
0837/
2018

DI
DIERAI
JAH HDB212-
0321/
2018

LABANKAMARA HDB212-
0196/
2018

BRI
ANBORO HDB212-
0331/
2018

MORRI
SKI
NOTI HDB212-
0179/
2018
I
ntr
oduct
ion

I
nal
lent
erpr
iseswhet
herpr
ivat
eorst
ateowned,
mot
ivat
ionpl
aysakeyr
olei
ndr
ivi
ng
empl
oyeest
owar
dsachi
evi
ngt
hei
rgoal
s,or
gani
zat
ionalgoal
sandt
oacer
tai
next
ent
t
hedr
eamsoft
hei
rnat
ions.Ther
ear
emanyt
heor
iesofmot
ivat
ion,
andt
heymost
ly
gi
vear
elat
ionori
nfl
uencet
heout
comesofempl
oyeej
obsat
isf
act
ion.Ther
ear
ethr
ee
mai
ntheor
ycat
egor
ies,
namel
ycont
entt
heor
y,pr
ocesst
heor
iesandcont
empor
ary
t
heor
ies.

Gener
all
yspeaki
ng,
theset
heor
iesi
ncl
ude

 Masl
ow’
shi
erar
chyofneeds,

 Her
zber
g’smot
ivat
or-
hygi
ene(
ort
wo-
fact
or)t
heor
y,

 Al
der
fer
’sExi
stence,

 Rel
atednessandGr
owt
htheor
y,and

 McCl
ell
and’
sneedst
heor
y.

Howmot
ivat
ioncomesaboutandhowi
tleadst
osat
isf
act
ioni
sexpl
ainedbypr
ocess
t
heor
ies;t
heor
iest
hatf
alli
ntot
hiscat
egor
yincl
ude

 Por
ter
-Lawl
er’
smodel
.

 expect
ancyt
heor
ybyVr
oom.

Cont
empor
aryt
heor
iesofmot
ivat
ioni
ncor
por
ateequi
ty,
cont
rolandagencyt
heor
y,as
wel
lasgoalset
ti
ng,
rei
nfor
cement
,andj
obdesi
gnt
heor
y.Thet
heor
iesofmot
ivat
ion
maybecat
egor
izedaccor
dingt
othei
rdef
ini
ti
onsandpur
posebutcr
it
icalanal
ysi
s
r
evealt
hatt
heyar
eal
lli
nked,
theyl
eadt
oser
vingsat
isf
act
ioni
nempl
oyees.Theuseof
bot
hcont
entandpr
ocesst
heor
iesmustbeputi
ntopr
act
icet
omot
ivat
eempl
oyees
ef
fect
ivel
y.I
next
ri
nsi
cmot
ivat
ion,
thef
act
ors(
hygi
ene’
s)t
hatsat
isf
ylower
-l
evelneeds
ar
edi
ff
erentf
rom t
hose(
mot
ivat
ors)t
hatsat
isf
yorpar
ti
all
ysat
isf
yhi
gher
–levelneeds.
I
fhygi
enef
act
ors(
fact
orsout
sidet
hej
obi
tsel
f,suchaswor
kingcondi
ti
ons,
sal
aryand
i
ncent
ivepay)ar
einadequat
e,empl
oyeesbecomedi
ssat
isf
ied.I
nst
eadofr
elyi
ngon
hygi
ene’
s,t
hemanageri
nter
est
edi
ncr
eat
ingasel
f-
mot
ivat
edwor
kfor
ceshoul
d
emphasi
zej
obcont
entormot
ivat
ionf
act
ors.Manager
sdot
hisbyenr
ichi
ngwor
ker
’s
j
obssot
hatt
hej
obsar
emor
echal
lengi
ngandbypr
ovi
dingf
eedbackandr
ecogni
ti
on.
Mot
ivat
ion’
swhol
eideai
stopr
ovi
deempl
oyeeswi
thsur
eti
esofj
obsecur
it
y,ni
ce
wor
kingcondi
ti
on,
loyal
tyandbel
ongi
ngt
otheent
erpr
ise,
rewar
dsast
hemai
nfact
or
aswel
last
hewor
kfor
cegi
vensomechal
lenges.t
heor
iesofmot
ivat
ion

 Mot
ivat
ion.

Ref
erst
othedesi
ret
oachi
eveagoaloracer
tai
nper
for
mancel
evel
,l
eadi
ngt
oa
di
rect
edgoal
.
Lockedef
inedmot
ivat
ionas“
apl
easur
abl
eorposi
ti
veemot
ionalst
ater
esul
ti
ngf
rom
t
heappr
aisalofone’
sjobexper
iences”
.Thi
sdef
ini
ti
ondr
awsat
tent
iont
otwoaspect
s,
i
npar
ti
cul
ar,
namel
ytheemot
ionalat
tachmentanempl
oyeehast
othei
rjob,
andt
he
del
iber
ater
evi
ewofanempl
oyee’
swor
kbyt
heempl
oyer
.Accor
dingt
oDavi
dand
Andr
zej(
2010)
,mot
ivat
ioncanbeunder
stoodascogni
ti
vedeci
sionmaki
ngi
nwhi
ch
t
hei
ntensi
oni
stomaket
hebehavi
ort
hati
sai
medatachi
evi
ngacer
tai
ngoalt
hrough
i
nit
iat
ionandmoni
tor
ing.Atwor
kpl
aces,
revi
ewsar
edoneusi
ngappr
aisal
sand
appr
aisal
satwor
khavepr
edet
ermi
nedst
andar
ds,
andt
hei
rout
comemaypr
ovokean
emot
ionalr
eact
ioni
ntheempl
oyee,
andt
hisr
eact
ionwi
lldet
ermi
nehowsat
isf
iedor
di
ssat
isf
iedanempl
oyeei
s.

 JobSat
isf
act
ion

Jobsat
isf
act
iondependedont
heempl
oyee’
sper
cept
ionoft
hedegr
eet
owhi
chhi
s
wor
kdel
iver
sthoset
hingst
hathedesi
res–howwel
lout
comesar
emetor
expect
ati
onsper
hapsevenexceeded.Regar
dlessoft
heact
ualci
rcumst
ancesand
si
tuat
ion,
jobsat
isf
act
ioni
sanemot
ionalr
esponset
hatcannotbeseen,
onl
yinf
err
ed.
Dependi
ngont
her
ewar
dsandi
ncent
ivesempl
oyeesr
ecei
veandmanagement
’s
mot
ivesf
orgi
vingt
hem,
empl
oyeeswi
llr
espondt
othei
rwor
kenvi
ronmentbybei
ng
pr
oduct
ive.Or
gani
zat
ionsmustbeseent
osuppor
templ
oyeesi
nthei
rdai
lywor
kin
or
dert
obr
ingaboutl
oyal
tyandi
mpr
over
etent
ionbyr
emovi
ngel
ement
sthatmay
cr
eat
edi
ssat
isf
act
ion,
whi
lebear
ingi
nmi
ndt
hati
nahet
erogeneousenvi
ronment
,wi
th
mal
eandf
emal
eempl
oyeesf
rom di
ff
erentagegr
oups,
gener
ati
ons,
andbackgr
ounds.

Theor
iesofMot
ivat
ion

 Masl
ow’
sHi
erar
chyofNeeds

Accor
dingt
oSmi
th&Cr
onj
e(1992)
,thewayMasl
ow’
stheor
yisexpl
ainedr
eli
esont
he
f
actt
hatpeopl
ewantt
oincr
easewhatt
heywantt
oachi
evei
nli
feandt
hei
rneedsar
e
pr
ior
it
izedaccor
dingt
othei
rimpor
tance.Der
ivi
ngf
rom t
hehi
erar
chyofneedsby
Masl
ow,
cont
entt
heor
iesofj
obsat
isf
act
ionr
evol
vear
oundempl
oyees’
needsandt
he
f
act
orst
hatbr
ingt
hem ar
easonabl
edegr
eeofsat
isf
act
ion.Basedont
hebasi
c
physi
cal
,bi
ologi
cal
,soci
alandpsychol
ogi
calneedsofhumanbei
ngs,
Masl
owcameup
wi
thaf
ive-
staget
heor
ythatpl
acest
heneedsoft
hei
ndi
viduali
ndi
ff
erentcat
egor
ies
andpr
ior
it
izest
hei
rat
tai
nment
.Thesecat
egor
ies,
inor
derofdecr
easi
ngpr
ior
it
y,ar
e:

•physi
ologi
calneeds(
food,
shel
ter
,cl
othi
ng)
;

•saf
etyandsecur
it
yneeds(
physi
cal
prot
ect
ion)
;

•soci
alneeds(
associ
ati
onwi
thot
her
s);

•est
eem needs(
recei
vingacknowl
edgementf
rom ot
her
s);and

•sel
f-
act
ual
izat
ionneeds(
thedesi
ref
oraccompl
ishmentort
oleavebehi
ndal
egacy)
.

Masl
ow’
shi
erar
chyofneedsf
ormst
hebasi
soft
heor
iest
hatt
ryt
oexpl
ainj
ob
sat
isf
act
ion.Teacher
s,l
ikeal
lpeopl
e,haveneedst
hathavet
obesat
isf
ied.Besi
dest
he
basi
cneedsf
orf
ood,
shel
terandcl
othi
ng,
saf
etyf
rom physi
cal
,har
m,andsoci
al
i
nter
act
ion,
theyal
soneedt
her
ecogni
ti
onandappr
eci
ati
onofst
udent
s,col
leagues,
andpar
ent
s.t
heor
iesofmot
ivat
ion

 Her
zber
g’sTwo-
Fact
orTheor
y/Mot
ivat
or-
Hygi
ene

Her
zber
g’sTwo-
fact
ort
heor
y,al
soknownasMot
ivat
or-
Hygi
ene,
emanat
edf
rom a
st
udyconduct
edamongaccount
sandengi
neer
stodet
ermi
newhatmakesan
i
ndi
vidualf
eel
goodorbadaboutt
hei
rjob.Regar
ding‘
sat
isf
ier
s’,
Her
zber
gnot
edt
hat
t
her
ewer
efi
vef
eat
uresofwor
kthatbr
ingaboutsat
isf
act
ion,
namel
yachi
evement
,
r
ecogni
ti
on,
thej
obi
tsel
f,r
esponsi
bil
it
yandadvancement
.Att
heot
herendoft
he
spect
rum,
Her
zber
gident
if
iedi
nst
it
uti
onalpol
it
ics,
themanagementappr
oach,
super
visi
on,
pay,
rel
ati
onshi
psatwor
kandwor
kingcondi
ti
onsasf
act
orst
hatmay
demor
ali
zeempl
oyees.Empl
oyeesshoul
dbepr
omot
edaf
tercompl
eti
ngcer
tai
n
st
agesoft
hei
rcar
eerandshoul
drecei
ver
ecogni
ti
onf
orspeci
alachi
evement
s–f
or
exampl
e,whent
heypr
oduceexcept
ionalr
esul
tsi
nthei
rsubj
ectar
eas;onamor
ebasi
c
l
evel
,theyshoul
dal
sobegi
venr
esponsi
bil
it
ytodet
ermi
nehowt
ohandl
etaskst
hat
r
elat
etot
hei
rjobs.TheTwo-
fact
ort
heor
yhashoweverdr
awni
tsshar
eofcr
it
ici
sm.
Gul
shanpoi
ntoutt
hati
tfai
lst
odi
sti
ngui
shbet
weenphysi
calandpsychol
ogi
cal
aspect
sandt
opr
eci
sel
yexpl
ainwhatmot
ivat
orsar
eandhowt
heydi
ff
erf
rom hygi
ene
f
act
ors;i
tal
sof
ail
stoex
presst
hedegr
eesofsat
isf
act
ionanddi
ssat
isf
act
ionasa
measur
einst
eadofusi
ngnumber
s.Anot
hercr
it
ici
sm l
evel
edagai
nsti
tist
hati
tmakes
assumpt
ionst
hatever
yindi
vidualwi
llr
eacti
nthesamewayi
nthesi
mil
arsi
tuat
ion.

 McGr
egor
’sXandYTheor
ies

McGr
egor
’s(
1960)Theor
yXandYmodel
scat
egor
izeempl
oyeesasbel
ongi
ngt
oone
oft
wogr
oupsbasedont
woset
sofassumpt
ions.Theor
yXassumpt
ionst
akea
negat
iveper
spect
iveofpeopl
e:Peopl
ecanhave“
ani
nher
entdi
sli
kef
orwor
kandavoi
d
i
tifpossi
ble;becauseoft
his,
theymustbecoer
ced,
cont
rol
led,
dir
ect
edand
t
hreat
enedwi
thpuni
shmentt
omaket
hem wor
k.Theypr
efert
obedi
rect
ed,
avoi
d
r
esponsi
bil
it
y,havel
it
tl
eambi
ti
on,
andwantsecur
it
y”t
heTheor
yYassumpt
ionst
ake
t
heopposi
tevi
ew:t
hement
alandphysi
cali
nput
sexpendedatt
hewor
kpl
acear
e
equat
edandparwi
tht
hoser
estorpl
ay.Ext
ernalf
act
orsoranyt
hreat
sfr
om out
side
maynotbet
hesol
einf
luencef
orexer
ti
ngef
for
t.Wor
ker
sorpeopl
ecanexer
cise
caut
ionanddi
sci
pli
net
ohaveobj
ect
ivesachi
eved,
butt
hehungeri
nthei
rdesi
ret
o
commi
ttoobj
ect
ivesi
sdependentonhowbi
gar
ether
ewar
dsasassi
gnedt
othatki
nd
ofachi
evement
.Undernor
malci
rcumst
ances,
peopl
ecanadaptt
oseekr
esponsi
bil
it
y
andnotonl
yaccepti
t.Appl
yingt
heseassumpt
ionst
oaschoolenvi
ronment
,onecoul
d
ar
guet
hatt
wooft
hemai
ncausesofdi
ssat
isf
act
ionamongt
eacher
sar
ehavi
ngt
o
dealwi
thpr
obl
em st
udent
sandast
ri
ctandi
nconsi
der
atemanagement
.

 McCl
ell
and’
sNeedAchi
evementTheor
y

McCl
ell
and’
sneedachi
evementt
heor
ypost
ulat
est
hatsomepeopl
ear
edr
ivent
o
successt
hroughseeki
ng“
per
sonalachi
evementr
athert
hanr
ewar
dst
hemsel
ves”Thi
s
t
heor
yisr
eadi
lyappl
icabl
etoacademi
cenvi
ronment
sandexpl
ainswhysome
t
eacher
sar
ehi
ghachi
ever
s,despi
tet
hedi
ff
icul
ti
est
heyf
ace:t
heysett
hemsel
veshi
gh
goal
sandachi
evi
ngt
hesegoal
siswhatdr
ivest
hem.Al
der
fer
’sERGt
heor
yisr
elat
edt
o
Masl
ow’
shi
erar
chyofneedsbutr
educesMasl
ow’
sfi
vecat
egor
iesofaneedt
othr
ee;
namel
y,r
elat
ednessbei
ng(
est
eem/
soci
alneeds)
,thengr
owt
hbei
ng(
sel
f-
act
ual
izat
ion)
andexi
stencewhi
chi
s(secur
it
y/physi
ologi
calneeds)
.

 Theequi
tyt
heor
y

Pr
ocesst
heor
iesexpl
ainhowsat
isf
act
ioncomesabout
,asopposedt
o‘what
’causes
mot
ivat
ion.Theequi
tyt
heor
ypost
ulat
est
hatempl
oyeeswi
llwei
ght
hei
rinputi
ntoa
j
obagai
nstt
heout
putt
heyr
ecei
vef
rom i
t–t
hemor
ether
ewar
ds,
thegr
eat
ert
hei
r
sat
isf
act
ion.Thi
sresonat
eswi
thdef
ini
ti
onofj
obsat
isf
act
ionast
hedi
ff
erence
bet
weenempl
oyeei
nputandj
obout
put
.Regar
dingt
hist
heor
y,empl
oyeeswho
per
cei
vet
hatt
heyr
ecei
vemor
eout
putf
rom t
hei
rjobst
hanwhatt
heyputi
ntot
hem wi
ll
exper
iencej
obsat
isf
act
ion.Cer
tai
naspect
soft
hej
obi
tsel
fal
soshapehowan
empl
oyeeper
cei
vesi
t.Taskst
hatar
ecl
ari
fi
edbr
ingabet
terj
obsat
isf
act
ionsi
ncea
cl
earr
olebr
eedsawor
kfor
cet
hati
shappy,
commi
tt
edandshowsmuchi
nvol
vement
i
nwor
kthati
sdone.Aut
hor
sident
if
iedf
ivemaj
orj
obchar
act
eri
sti
cst
hati
mpactont
he
psychol
ogi
calst
ateofanempl
oyeeandi
nfl
uencet
hei
rmot
ivat
ionandj
obsat
isf
act
ion,
aswel
last
hei
rlevel
sofabsent
eei
sm,
namel
ythevar
iet
yofski
ll
sinvol
vedi
nat
ask,
the
i
dent
it
yandsi
gni
fi
canceoft
het
ask,
aut
onomy,
andf
eedback.Empl
oyeescompar
e
t
hei
rinput
-out
comer
ati
owi
tht
hatofot
herempl
oyeesandi
ftheyper
cei
vei
ttobef
air
,
empl
oyeeswi
ll
exper
iencesat
isf
act
ion.

 Val
ue–Per
ceptTheor
y
I
ndi
vidual
’
sval
uesdet
ermi
net
hei
rsat
isf
act
ionont
hei
rjobbecauseempl
oyeesi
n
or
gani
zat
ionshol
ddi
ff
erentval
uesyst
ems,
ther
efor
ebasedont
hist
heor
y,t
hei
r
sat
isf
act
ionl
evel
swi
llal
sodi
ff
er.Havi
ngal
ookatVal
ue–Per
ceptt
heor
y,t
he
assumpt
ioni
sthatt
hedi
ff
erencebet
weenexpect
ati
onsandwhati
srecei
vedcanbr
ing
di
ssat
isf
act
iondependi
ngonhowi
mpor
tantt
hej
obi
stot
hei
ndi
vidual
.Thepot
ent
ial
pr
obl
em wi
tht
hist
heor
yist
hatt
her
eisapossi
bil
it
yofar
elat
ionshi
pbet
weenwhat
peopl
edesi
reandwhatt
heyconsi
deri
mpor
tant
.Theseconcept
scanbesepar
abl
e
t
heor
eti
cal
lybutpr
act
ical
lyhar
dtodi
ff
erent
iat
e.

 Vr
oom’
sExpect
ancyTheor
y

Vr
ooms’
expect
ancyt
heor
yst
ipul
atest
hatbehavi
ori
sapr
oductofchoi
cest
hatar
e
avai
labl
efort
obepr
ior
it
ized.Thei
deai
stoder
ivesat
isf
act
ionandmi
nimi
ze
di
ssat
isf
act
ioni
nempl
oyees.I
ndi
vidualf
act
orssuchasper
sonal
it
yandski
ll
s
det
ermi
neper
for
mance.Thi
stheor
yal
soexpl
ainst
hatper
for
mance,
mot
ivat
ion,
and
ef
for
tar
ewi
thi
nani
ndi
vi
dual
’
smot
ivat
ionandvar
iabl
essuchasval
ence,
i
nst
rument
ali
ty,
andexpect
ancyver
if
ythi
s.Thehi
ghert
heef
for
tinwor
krel
atest
othe
hi
ghert
heper
for
mance.

 Por
ter
-Lawl
erModel

Thi
sisacompr
ehensi
veandmor
ecompl
etet
heor
yofmot
ivat
ionwhi
chi
sincl
usi
veof
di
ver
seaspect
s.Thi
smodelcangi
vedet
ail
soft
hef
iberr
elat
iont
hatexi
stsbet
ween
j
obper
for
manceandat
ti
tudeswhi
chper
fect
lydef
inesmanager
s.Themodelal
so
t
ouchesont
heassumpt
ionsofhumanbehavi
or.Thededuct
ionsoft
hemodelassume
t
hati
ndi
vidualbehavi
ori
sinf
luencedbybot
hint
ernalandext
ernalf
act
ors,
rat
ional
and
makeownchoi
cesaboutt
hei
rbehavi
or,
havedi
ff
erentgoal
s,desi
resandneeds.
Fi
nal
ly,
indi
vidual
sdeci
debet
weenal
ter
nat
ivebehavi
ors.

 Rel
evanceofMot
ivat
ioni
ntheWor
kpl
ace

Mot
ivat
ioncanemanat
efr
om wi
thanempl
oyeewi
thapassi
onanddesi
ret
owor
kand
pr
oducer
esul
ts.Thi
ski
ndofmot
ivat
ioni
ssel
f-
dri
venbyanempl
oyeei
nor
dert
o
el
evat
ehi
sfeel
ingst
oaccompl
ish.However
,inext
ri
nsi
cmot
ivat
ion,
anext
ernalf
act
or
suchasar
ewar
disusedt
oboostt
heempl
oyee’
smor
alanddesi
ret
owor
k.Asi
sa
nor
malcase,
empl
oyeeswor
kinexchangef
orcompensat
ionf
ort
hei
rhar
dlaborbut
howf
art
heygodependsonhowmot
ivat
edt
heyar
e.Accor
dingt
oPer
ryand
Hondeghem t
hei
ndi
vidual
sdesi
ret
oper
for
m,andpr
ovi
deser
vicest
ocust
omer
s,wi
th
t
hemandat
etodogoodi
senoughf
act
ort
omot
ivat
e.Per
for
manceatwor
kisr
elat
edt
o
t
heempl
oyeespayofwhi
cht
heempl
oyeemaynothavecont
roloft
hatr
ewar
dasi
tis
ext
ernal
.Apar
tfr
om r
ewar
ds,
ther
ear
eot
herf
act
orst
hatar
eext
ernalsuchas
pr
omot
ionatwor
k,secur
it
yoft
hej
ob,
sal
aryi
ncr
ementt
hatmaygi
vemeani
ngt
o
empl
oyee’
smot
ivat
ion.Ther
efor
e,f
oror
gani
zat
ionst
ocont
inueexi
sti
ngandr
etai
ning
i
tswor
kfor
ce,
theymustkeeponwor
kingonst
rat
egi
est
hatcanhel
pinmot
ivat
ingi
ts
empl
oyees.

 Mot
ivat
edempl
oyeeshaveasenseofbel
ongi
ngandl
oyal
tyt
otheor
gani
zat
ion
andal
wayswor
khar
dtobeassoci
atedwi
tht
her
esul
tsoft
hei
rlabor
.

 Mot
ivat
ionhaveef
fectonempl
oyeesasi
ndi
vidual
stoachi
eveandaswel
las
abi
li
tyt
obei
nnov
ati
vebecauset
heybel
i
evei
nthemsel
veswhi
chwi
llbenef
it
t
heor
gani
zat
iont
osucceed.

 Amot
ivat
edwor
keri
seasyt
ober
etai
nedhencesavi
ngt
heor
gani
zat
ion
f
inancesofr
epl
aci
ngwor
ker
s,al
soi
tencour
ageswor
ker
stoal
waysachi
eve
mor
eondai
lypr
oduct
ionsast
heyar
ehavi
ngasenseofsecur
it
yoft
hei
rwor
k.

 Managementwi
ll
havet
imet
oat
tendt
oot
heri
mpor
tanti
ssuesbecauset
hei
r
mot
ivat
edwor
kfor
cecanbui
ldt
eamst
hatcanhel
pwi
tht
hesuper
visi
onand
pr
oduct
ionofwor
k.

 Concl
usi
on

Mot
ivat
ioni
sver
ymuchneededf
orempl
oyeesi
nanor
gani
zat
iont
obepr
oduct
ive,
and
managementorl
eader
shi
pst
ylehasani
mpor
tantr
olet
opl
ay.Mot
ivat
ioni
snotal
ways
basedonf
inanci
alr
ewar
ds,
butnon-
fi
nanci
alr
ewar
dsmet
hodscanal
sobeusedt
o
der
ivet
hebestoutofempl
oyees.Al
thoughi
ndi
vidual
shavet
hei
rexpect
ati
ons,
iti
sthe
l
eader
shi
p’sr
esponsi
bil
it
ytodevel
opandal
ignwi
tht
heor
iest
hatar
esui
tabl
etobr
ing
j
obsat
isf
act
iont
othei
rempl
oyees.However
,ther
eisnosi
ngl
erel
iabl
etheor
ytobe
used,
ami
xtur
eoft
hem canbeut
il
ized.I
nter
msofempower
ingwor
kfor
ce,
empl
oyees
shoul
dbeencour
agedandgi
venapl
atf
ormt
ovoi
ceoutt
hei
rconcer
nsonhowt
hey
canbemot
ivat
ed.Rewar
dsandpr
omot
ionsf
oll
owi
ngper
for
manceappr
aisal
smaybe
usedt
oboostempl
oyee’
smor
alaswel
lasf
eedback.Al
lempl
oyeesshoul
dunder
stand
t
hecompany’
svi
sionandgoal
sandwor
ktoget
hert
owar
dst
hose.I
nsome
or
gani
zat
ions,
wor
ker
sper
for
mthei
rdut
iesi
nanassembl
ywher
ebyi
facer
tai
nsect
ion
ofempl
oyeesi
saf
fect
edi
twi
llaf
fectt
hewhol
epl
ant
.Empl
oyeesper
for
mthei
rdut
ies
di
li
gent
lyi
ftheyar
einspi
redandmot
ivat
edast
her
esul
tswi
llal
waysbeposi
ti
vewi
th
ef
fi
cientpr
oduct
ion.

Ref
erences

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id,
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Gol
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ivat
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aysi
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fi
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