ADAPTABILITAS BEBERAPA VARIETAS KEDELAI UNTUK BUDIDAYA BASAH

(Feb 22, 2008 at 01:20 PM) - Contributed by Wahju Qamara Mugnisjah - Last Updated ()

ADAPTABILITAS BEBERAPA VARIETAS KEDELAI UNTUK BUDIDAYA BASAH Adaptability of Several Soybean
Varieties under Saturated Soil Culture Wahju Qamara Mugnisjah

The objectives of this experiment were (a) to group the production potential of several soybean varieties under sa turated
soil culture, (b) to study the correlation among soybean plant growth variables, especially yield with vegetative growth
and yield components under saturated soil culture, and (c) to gain the initial information on the role of rooting system and
root nodules in increasing yield of soybean under saturated soil culture.A field experiment was carried out in Red Latosol
soil at The Experimental Station of Citayam, Research Institute of Food Crops Biotechnology, Bogor, from July to
October 1995. As much as 22 varieties of superior and local soybeans were used in the experiment as treatments. The
varieties were Cikuray, Dempo, Galunggung, Hitam, Jayawijaya, Ke-rinci, Krakatau, Lawu, Lokon, Lompobatang,
Lumajang, Malabar, Mandaka, Merbabu, No. 29, Orba, Petek, Raung, Rinjani, Tambora, Tampomas, and Tidar. The
experiment was arranged in randomized complete block design with three replicates. Data were analyzed with analysis
of variance followed by HSD and correlation analyses among variables. The saturated soil culture was maintained by
flowing water surrounding experimental plots and water table of 5-15 cm underplots surface. This condition was given
continously from 14 days after planting to harvest date of the latest variety. There was adaptability differences among
soybean varieties grown under saturated soil culture. Based on their yield at that condition, Dempo, Lompobatang,
Malabar, Merbabu and No. 29 were grouped into the high yielding varities; Cikuray, Galunggung, Hitam, Jayawijaya,
Kerinci, Krakatau, Mandaka, Orba, Raung, Rinjani, Tambora, Tampomas and Tidar were grouped into the intermediate
yielding varieties; Lawu, Lokon, Lumajang and Petek were grouped into the low yielding varieties. Except of 100-grain
weight, there were significant correlations among vegetative growth, production component and yield variables of these
saturated soil-cultured soybeans. Root fresh weight and root nodules number were found to be good denominators of
production level of the soybeans under saturated soil culture. [Buletin Peragi (1996) 4(1-2):16-21]
Percobaan lapang ini bertujuan untuk (a) mengelompokkan potensi produksi berbagai varietas kedelai secara budidaya
basah, (b) mempelajari korelasi antarpeubah pertumbuhan tanaman kedelai secara budidaya basah, khususnya
produksi dengan pertumbuhan vegetatif dan komponen produksi tanaman, dan (c) mendapatkan informasi awal tentang
peran sistem perakaran dan bintil akar untuk meningkatkan produksi tanaman kedelai secara budidaya basah.
Percobaan ini dilaksanakan di tanah Latosol Merah, di Kebun Percobaan Citayam, Balai Penelitian Bioteknologi
Tanaman Pangan, Bogor, sejak Juli sampai dengan Oktober 1995. Sebanyak 22 varietas kedelai unggul dan lokal
digunakan dalam percobaan ini sebagai perlakuan. Keduapuluh dua varietas itu adalah Cikuray, Dempo, Galunggung,
Hitam, Jayawijaya, Kerinci, Krakatau, Lawu, Lokon, Lompobatang, Lumajang, Malabar, Mandaka, Merbabu, No. 29,
Orba, Petek, Raung, Rinjani, Tambora, Tampomas, dan Tidar. Percobaan dilakukan dengan rancangan lingkungan acak
kelompok dengan tiga ulangan. Terdapat perbedaan adaptabilitas antarvarietas kedelai yang diuji terhadap teknik
budidaya basah. Berdasarkan produksinya dalam kondisi itu, Dempo, Lompobatang, Malabar, Merbabu, dan No. 29
tergolong ke dalam varietas-varie-tas yang berpotensi produksi tinggi; Cikuray, Galunggung, Hitam, Jayawijaya, Kerinci,
Krakatau, Mandaka, Orba, Raung, Rinjani, Tambora, Tampomas, dan Tidar tergolong ke dalam yang berpotensi
produksi sedang; Lawu, Lokon, Lumajang, dan Petek tergolong ke dalam yang berpotensi produksi rendah. Kecuali
untuk bobot 100 butir biji, terdapat korelasi positif yang nyata antarpeubah pertumbuhan vegetatif, komponen produksi
tanaman, dan produksi tanaman yang dibudidayakan secara basah. Bobot basah akar dan jumlah bintil akar merupakan
penciri yang baik bagi taraf produksi tanaman kedelai dengan budidaya basah. [Buletin Peragi (1996) 4(1-2):16-21]

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