SOAL ANORGANIK

1 Testtubes A, B, C, D and E contain the solutions of HCl, KOH, K2S, NaNO3 and
CuSO4. If the solution from testtubes are poured together the following effects are
seen: A + B → blue precipitate;A + C → black precipitate, C + D → unpleasant smell.
The solution in testtube E dissolves theblue precipitate but does not dissolve the black
one. Other combinations do not have visible results.
a. Determine the content of each testtube.
b. Write the equations for the reactions that resulted in the effects and give the names
of the products.

2 Elements A and B form three compounds X, Y and Z. Compound X is a sharp smelling

gas lighter than air and yields white smoke (compound M) in the reaction with gaseous
HCl. Compound X is well dissoluble in water and turns a wet litmus paper blue.
Compounds X and Y have the same number of atoms in their molecules. Compound
Y is a colourless liquid with a sharp smell, it is most unstable in native form but its
aqueous solution is quite stable and turns a litmus paper blue. The density of its vapour
is only a few per cent lighter than that of CO2. Compound Z is a colourless liquid
fumeable by mixing two moles of X carefully with NaClO, yielding water as one of
the three products. The reaction of one mole of compound Z with nitrous acid yields
one mole of compound Y and water. Compound Z may react with both one and two
moles of HCl yielding only one product in both cases. In the reaction of compound X
and Mg one element and a salt Q corresponding to compound X. The reaction of
compound Q with water yields compound X again. A Pb(II) salt of compound Y
(compound R) is used as a detonator.
a. Are the solutions of compounds Y and Z acidic, neutral or basic?
b. Write the formulae of the compounds M and X and give the names.
c. Determine the gross formula of compound Y on the basis of the number of atoms
in the molecules of compounds Y and X and the density of compound Y.
d. Write equations for the following reactions: 1) X → M; 2) 2X → Z; 3) Z → Y; 4)
Z + HCl →; 5) X → Q; 6) X → Q.
e. Write the formulae of compounds Y, Z, Q and R and give their names.

3 Compounds A and B belong to the same class but are different types of compounds.
Their molecules consist of three different elements and their molecular masses are
related as 1 : 1.45. Both A and B are unpleasantly smelly gases at room temperature,
they are both able to react with equimolecular amount of hydrochloric acid. Compound
B is a stronger base than compound A. Compound A may be obtained at high
temperature and pressure with methanol of diethylether as one of the initial
compounds. In the latter case methanol is obtained as a side product. The reaction of
compound A and a carboxylic acid amide yields amide. Compound B may be obtained
from compound A in the reaction with: 1) methanol on a catalyst; 2) methylbromide.
a. Draw the structural formulae of compounds A and B and give their names.
 b. Write equations for the reactions: 1) A + HCl →; 2) B + HCl →; 3) methanol →
A; 4) dimethylether → A; 5) A + ... → amide; 6) A + methanol →; 7) A +
methylbromide.

4 A solution in an organic solvent of an organic compound A is mixed with an excess of

metal powder B resulting in a fast reaction with the dissolution of some of the metal
powder and the formation of compound C. Compound C is then separated and
processed with hydrochloric acid. An organic compound D segregates and an inorganic
compound E remains in the solution. If NaOH is added to the solution a precipitate F
forms, heating of which yields oxide G. The molar masses of E, D and G relate as
5.96 : 1 : 2.52.
a. Identify the compounds A, B, C, D, E, F, G.
b. Write equations for the reactions: 1) A + B →; 2) C → D + E; 3) E → F; 4) F →
G.
c. Determine the molar masses of the metal B and compound G.

5 A mixture of two gaseous acylic hydrocarbons has a density of 17 in reference of

hydrogen. On the processing of 200 cm3 (STP) of the same mixture of gases with 200
cm3 of 0.1 M solution of Br2 the volume of the gases was reduced to 120 cm3 (STP).
2.06 g of Br2 remained unreacted.
a. Determine the molar mass of the mixture and the molar percentage of both gases.
b. Use calculations to show the structure of the gases and give their common formulae
(CmHn).
c. Determine the gross formulae of both gases.
d. Draw the structures of all suitable compounds and give their names.
e. Write the equations for all possible reactions with the solution of bromide and name
the products.

6 A mixture of 2.00 g of powdered metals A and B was processed with a liquid C,

yielding a solution D, which was then separated from the rest of the compounds and
heated. The solid residuum was dissolved in concentrated nitric acid. Water, ~0.7 dm3
of NO2 (STP) and 3.80 g of a salt E with crystal water (E·3H2O) was formed as the
result of the reaction. Waterless salt E contains 33.9 weight per cent of metal. Metal
B, which did not react with liquid C was separated and processed with chlorine at
(moderately) high temperature. A salt F was formed, containing 34.4 weight per cent
of metal.
a. Identify compounds A, B, C, D, E and F.
b. Write equations for the reactions: 1) A + C →; 2) D →; 3) … → F; 4) B + … →
F.
c. How many grams of metal A were in the mixture?
d. Determine the molar mass of metal B based on the weight per cent of metal in salt
F.
 e. Calculate the weight and molar percentage of metals A and B in the initial mixture.
(1997)

7 The mixture, which contained equal amounts of two carbonates of the elements of the
2nd main group, was heated. The mass of the remaining mixture is 62% of the initial
one.
a. Determine the mass of two moles of the formed mixture.
b. What metals formed carbonates in the mixture?
c. Write equations for the decomposition reactions.(XI-2)

8 An alloy consists of the metals A and B. Pulverized alloy was processed by diluting
hydrochloric acid (in excess). The received solution was evaporated and 37.99 g of the
solid substance was formed. A part of this solid substance formed the solution of the
compound C in distilled water. The second compound which was formed – red
compound D – didn’t dissolve. Compound D is dissoluble in concentrated nitric acid
and yields a blue-greenish solution of the compound E and a brown gas F. A solution
of potassium sulfide was added to the solution of compound C and 14.45 grams of
yellow sediment G was formed, in which the degree of the oxidation of metal is II.
a. Write the equations for the reactions 1) A + HCl →; 2) B + HCl →; 3) D + HNO3
→; 4) C + K2S →.
b. Write the formulas and the names of the compounds A, B, C, D, E, F and G.
c. Calculate the masses of the compounds C and D.
d. Calculate the percentage of each metal in the alloy. (XI-4)

9 Oxide A can be in two polymorphic forms; one is active and the second is quite inert.
Upon heating the active form goes into the inert form. Orange compound B is known
as strong oxidizing agent. It reacts with sulfur giving compound A, a positive form,
and salt C, where sulfur has a maximum oxidation state. Melting compound A (inert
form) with compound D yields salt E and water. Dissolving salt E in an aqueous
solution of E yields compound K which coordination number is 6. Acidification of
solution K yields the precipitation of F. F can very easily chip off one molecule of
water and yield compound G. Heating (~150 °C) of G yields compound A (active
form). Reduction of A with aluminum yields metal H. The reduction of H with sodium
carbonate in air yields yellow compound I. Compounds B, E and I have the same
qualitative bud different quantitative structure.
a. Write the formulas and names of A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H and I.
b. Write the equations for the following reactions: 1) B + S →; 2) A + D →; 3) E +
D →; 4) K + H+ →; 5) F→ G; 6) G→ A; 7) A + Al →; 8) H + Na2CO3 + O2 →.
(X-1)

10 0.499 g of an equimolecular mixture of organic compounds has a volume equal to 230

ml under standard conditions. Both gases are from one class of organic compounds
consisting of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen. Under normal conditions they don't react
 with sodium and the solution of Br2. The equimolecular mixture was lead to the STP
and 0.497 g of the sample (V = 24.0 ml) from the gaseous phase was taken.
a. Determine the molar masses of the both gases.
b. Determine the formulas of the both gases and give their names.
c. Why do the molar masses taken from the experimental data differ from the
calculation's data? (XII-2)

11 Metal A reacts with chlorine forming oxidizing agent B which consist of 45.5% metal
and 54.5% chlorine. The reaction of the compound B with methyl magnesium iodide
(in diethyl ether) yields the tetraalkyl compound C The reaction of 1.0 g of compound
C with 4.4 g of compound B yields 5.4 g of compound D which has one atom of metal
A. The basic hydrolysis of D forms the compound E which is similar in structure to
carboxylic acid. However, it is an amphoteric compound: the reaction with alkali yields
a salt, with concentrated HCl yields the compound D. In all these compounds metal A
has the same oxidation number.
a. Determine the molar mass of metal A.
b. Write the equations for the reactions: 1) A → B; 2) B → C; 3) C + B → D; 4) D
→ E; 5) E + NaOH →; 6) E + HCl →.
c. Identify the compounds A, B, C, D, E and give their names. (XII-3)

12 The amounts of metals A, B and C in the mixture are in the ratio of 4:2:1. Their molar
masses are 3x g/mol; 5x g/mol and 7x g/mol respectively (molar masses are in the ratio
of 3:5:7). When 4.64 g of the mixture of metals A, B and C react with hydrochloric
acid then 3.136 dm3 of hydrogen is released. The oxidation states of metals in the
formed salts is II.
a. Write a general equation for the reaction of metal (Me) with hydrochloric acid, that
would show the reaction of metals with hydrochloric acid described above.
b. Estimate the amount of released hydrogen.
c. Estimate the amounts of metals i) A, ii) B and iii) C.
d. Work out an equation for the calculation of the molar masses of the metals and
solve it.
e. Calculate the molar masses of the metals i) A, ii) B and iii) C; identify these metals
and give their names

13 A metal X is able to reduce three-atomic compound A only at extremely high

temperatures. Thus an element B and a seven-atomic compound C are formed. The
fine mixture of metal Y and compound C ignites producing a five-atomic compound
D and the metal X. If the metal X reacted with an element E then four atomic
compound F is formed which consists of the same elements as compound G.
Compound G is formed in the reaction of hydrochloric acid with the metal X. If an
element compound H takes part in this process, compounds F and A are formed.
Compound C can be formed under certain conditions in the reaction between elements
X and H, though usually a five-atomic compound I is formed. All given compounds
 consist of two elements (binary compounds). The density and the molar volume of
metal X are 7.87 g/cm3 and 7.09 cm3/mol respectively.
a. Estimate the molar mass of the metal X and identify this metal.
b. Write formulas of the compounds Y, A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H and I and give their
names.
c. Write equations for the reactions: i) X + A; ii) C + Y; iii) X + E; iv) X + HCl →
G; v) X + HCl + H → F; vi) X + H → I.

14 Rat-venom, the efficient ingredient of which is a salt A, was patented in 1920. The
number of atoms of non-metal Z relates to the number of oxygen atoms as 1 to 4 and
the content of the metal X (an element of a main group) is 80.97% by mass. The metal
X has three electron layers. The state of oxidation of the metal Z in the salt A is equal
to the number of its group. If Z is reacted with an element L a twoatomic red solid
compound Y is produced. The nuclear charge of the metal X differs from the nuclear
charge of the element L by one. L and X form compound R which solidifies at 235 K.
The metal X is covered with a layer of oxide in the air. X reacts with water only in the
presence of oxygen and as a result compound XOH is formed, which is a well-soluble
in water base Q. An oxidation state of the metal X is usually equal to I in both
hydroxides and salts, though its not typical for the element of the same main group.
a. Write formulas of oxygen-containing acids with four oxygen atoms, an oxidation
state of non-metal the same as a number of this non-metal’s group and which has
three electron layers.
b. Which non-metal Z, contained in the acids given in a), forms red two-atomic
compound I when joined with the element L? Write an equation of the reaction.
c. Explain i) what chemical element is the metal X and ii) what compound is the salt
A.
d. Write equations for the reactions where i) the base Q; ii) the compound A are
formed.
e. Give a general name for the substance R.
f. Check percentage by weight of X in A.

15 A compound A is a solid which gives in water an intensively colored (dark) solution.

A is a strong oxidizer, especially in acids. If the solid compound A isheated, then the
products of decomposition are B, C and D, which are all quite strong oxidizers. If a
green solution of B reacts with gaseous chlorine the intensively colored solution of A
is formed. If solid C and is fused with alkali in a presence of oxygen, a green melt of
B is produced. If solid C is heated with sulfuric acid, gas D is educed and a pink
solution of E is formed. The compound E is a product of reduction of A when gaseous
chlorine is produced from KCl in a presence of sulfuric acid. The compounds A, B and
C contain the same metal.
a. Give formulas for the compounds A, B, C, D and E and their names.
b. Write equations for the following reactions: i) A → B + C + D; ii) B → A; iii) C
→ B; iv) C → E; v) B + H2O → A + C; vi) A → Cl2 + E.