DIGITAL IMAGE PROCESSING

LAB FILE
ECS-752

SUBMITTED TO SUBMITTED BY
 Digital Image Processing Lab

Digital Image Processing Lab Index

S. NAME OF THE PROGRAM DATE SIGN REMARK

No.
1 Implement image enhancement in spatial
domain
1.a Contrast manipulation
1.b Histogram equalization
1.c Threshold operation
1.d Spatial domain filtering
1.e Histogram of original & flipped image
2 Implement image enhancement in frequency
domain
2.a Image addition

2.b Image subtraction

2.c Blending of two images
3 Implement image segmentation in MATLAB
3.a Compute the edges in the image
4 Implement morphological image processing in
MATLAB
4.a Dilation & erosion
4.b Boundary detector
5 Implement colour image processing in MATLAB
5.a To extract red, green & blue component
5.b To remove the RGB plane
5.c Histogram Equalization of coloured image
5.d Perform the median filtering of colour image
5.f To separate an object from its background

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PROGRAM NO. 1

Implement Image Enhancement in Spatial Domain

1a) CONTRAST MANIPULATION

clc clear

all close

all

a=imread('onion.png')

b=a*0.4

c=a*2

subplot(1,3,1),imshow(a),title('Original Image')

subplot(1,3,2),imshow(b),title('Decrease in Contrast')

subplot(1,3,3),imshow(c),title('Increase in Contrast')

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OUTPUT :

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1b) HISTOGRAM EQUALIZATION

clc clear

all close

all

a=imread('coins.png')

b=histeq(a)

subplot(2,2,1),imshow(a),title('Original Image')

subplot(2,2,2),imshow(b),title('after histogram equalization')

subplot(2,2,3),imhist(a),title('Original Image')

subplot(2,2,4),imhist(b),title('after histogram equalization')

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OUTPUT :

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1c) THRESHOLD OPERATION

clc clear

all close

all

a=imread('coins.png')

[m,n]=size(a)

t=input('enter the value of threshold parameter')

for i=1:m

for j=1:n

if a(i,j)<t

b(i,j)=0;

else

b(i,j)=255;

end

end

end

figure,imshow(a),title('Original image'),pixval on

figure,imshow(b),title('threshold image'),pixval on

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OUTPUT :

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1d) SPATIAL DOMAIN FILTERING

clc clear

all close

all

a=imread('coins.png')

h1=1/9*ones(3,3)

h2=1/25*ones(5,5)

b1=conv2(a,h1);

b2=conv2(a,h2);

imshow(a),title('original image')

imshow(uint8(b1)),title('output using 3*3 mask')

imshow(uint8(b2)),title('output using 5*5 mask')

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OUTPUT :

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1e) HISTOGRAM OF ORIGINAL AND FLIPPED IMAGE

clc clear

all close

all

a=imread('coins.png')

b=fliplr(a)

subplot(2,2,1),imshow(a),title('original image')

subplot(2,2,2),imshow(b),title('flipped image')

subplot(2,2,3),imhist(a),title('original image')

subplot(2,2,4),imhist(b),title('flipped image')

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OUTPUT :

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PROGRAM NO. 2

Implement Image Enhancement in Frequency Domain.

2a) IMAGE
ADDITION clc

clear all

close all

a=imread('circles.png')

b=imread('cameraman.tif')

c=double(a)+double(b)

subplot(2,2,1),imshow(a),title('Addition of two image')

subplot(2,2,2),imshow(b),title('Addition of two image')

subplot(2,2,3),imshow(uint8(c)),title('Addition of two image')

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OUTPUT :

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2b) Image Subtraction:

clc

clear all

close all

a=imread('circles.png')

b=imread('cameraman.tif')

c=double(a)-double(b)

subplot(2,2,1),imshow(a),title('substraction of two image')

subplot(2,2,2),imshow(b),title('substraction of two image')

subplot(2,2,3),imshow(uint8(c)),title('substraction of two image')

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OUTPUT :

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2c) BLENDING OF TWO IMAGES

clc

clear all

close all

a=imread('cameraman.tif');
b=imread('coins.png');
b=imresize(b,[256 256]);

[m n]=size(a);

alpha1=input('enter the value of alpha :');

alpha2=input('enter the value of alpha :');
alpha3=input('enter the value of alpha :');
alpha4=input('enter the value of alpha :');

for i=1:m
for j=1:n
c1(i,j)=(1-alpha1)*a(i,j)+alpha1*b(i,j);
c2(i,j)=(1-alpha2)*a(i,j)+alpha2*b(i,j);
c3(i,j)=(1-alpha3)*a(i,j)+alpha3*b(i,j);
c4(i,j)=(1-alpha4)*a(i,j)+alpha4*b(i,j);
end
end

subplot(2,2,1),imshow(c1),title('blended image')
xlabel(sprintf('alpha value is %g',alpha1))

subplot(2,2,2),imshow(c2),title('blended image')
xlabel(sprintf('alpha value is %g',alpha2))

subplot(2,2,3),imshow(c3),title('blended image')
xlabel(sprintf('alpha value is %g',alpha3))

subplot(2,2,4),imshow(c4),title('blended image')
xlabel(sprintf('alpha value is %g',alpha4))

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OUTPUT :

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PROGRAM NO. 3

Implement Image Segmentation in MAT Lab.

COMPUTE THE EDGES IN THE IMAGE.

clc

clear all

close all

a=imread('onion.png')

a=rgb2gray(a)

b=edge(a,'roberts');

c=edge(a,'sobel');

d=edge(a,'prewitt');

e=edge(a,'log');

f=edge(a,'canny');

figure,imshow(a),title('original image')

figure,imshow(b),title('robert')

figure,imshow(c),title('sobel')

figure,imshow(d),title('prewitt')

figure,imshow(e),title('log')

figure,imshow(f),title('canny')

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OUTPUT :

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PROGRAM NO. 4

Implement morphological image processing in MAT Lab.

4a) DILATION AND EROSION

clc clear

all close

all

a=imread('text.png')

b=[1 1 1;1 1 1;1 1 1]

a1=imdilate(a,b)

a2=imerode(a,b)

figure,imshow(a),title('original image')

figure,imshow(a1),title('dilute image')

figure,imshow(a2),title('eroded image')

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OUTPUT :

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4b) BOUNDARY DETECTOR

clc

clear all

a=imread(‘text.png’)

b=[0 1 0;1 1 1;0 1 0]

a1=imdilate(a,b)

a2=imerode(a,b)

a3=a1-a2

a4=a1-a

a5=a1-a2

figure, imshow(a), title(‘Original Image’)

figure, imshow(a1), title(‘Dilated Image’)

figure, imshow(a2), title(‘Eroded Image’)

figure, imshow(a3), title(‘First Property’)

figure, imshow(a4), title(‘Second Property’)

figure, imshow(a5), title(‘Third Property’)

OUTPUT :

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PROGRAM NO. 5
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Implement Colour Image Processing in MAT Lab.

5a) TO EXTRACT RED, GREEN, AND BLUE COMPONENT

clc clear

all close

all

rgb=imread('onion.png')

r=rgb

g=rgb

b=rgb

r( : , : , 2 )=0

r( : , : , 2 )=0

b( : , : , 1 )=0

b( : , : , 3 )=0

g( : , : , 1 )=0

g( : , : , 2 )=0

imshow(rgb),title)'original image')

figure,imshow(r),title('red component')

figure,imshow(g),title('green component')

figure,imshow(b),title('blue component')

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OUTPUT :

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5b) TO REMOVE THE RGB PLANE

clc clear

all close

all

a=imread('onion.png')

a1=a

b1=a

c1=a

a1(:,:,1)=0

b1(:,:,2)=0

c1(:,:,3)=0 imshow(a),title('original

image') figure,imshow(a1),title('gb

sector') figure,imshow(b1),title('br

sector') figure,imshow(c1),title('rg

sector')

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OUTPUT :

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5c) HISTOGRAM EQUALIZATION OF COLOURED IMAGE

clc

clear all

a=imread('onion.png')

b=rgb2ntsc(a);

b(: , : , 1)=histeq(b(: , : , 1))

c=ntsc2rgb(b);

imshow(a),title('original image')

figure,imshow(c),title('Histogram equalized image')

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OUTPUT :

Original Image

Histogr

am equalized image

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5d) PERFORM THE MEDIAN FILTERING OF COLOUR

IMAGE

clc clear

all close

all

a=imread('onion.png')

b=imnoise(a,'salt & pepper',0.2)

c( : , : , 1 )=medfilt2(b( : , : , 1 ))

c( : , : , 2 )=medfilt2(b( : , : , 2 ))

c( : , : , 3 )=medfilt2(b(: , : , 3 ))

imshow(a),title('original image')

figure,imshow(b),title('corrupted image')

figure,imshow(c),title('median filtered image')

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OUTPUT :

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5e) TO SEPARATE AN OBJECT FROM ITS BACKGROUND

clc

clear all

a=imread(‘onion.png’)

b=rgb2ycbr(a)

mask=b( : , : , 2)>120

imshow(a),title(‘Original image’)

figure,imshow(mask),title(‘Segmented Image’)

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OUTPUT :

Original Image

Segmented image

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