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The Summer Internship at Hindustan Aeronautics Limited: A Project Report
The Summer Internship at Hindustan Aeronautics Limited: A Project Report
The Summer Internship at Hindustan Aeronautics Limited: A Project Report
On
The Summer Internship
At
Hindustan Aeronautics
Limited (LUCKNOW DIVISION)
Submitted By:
Rajat Singh
Integrated
M.Tech. (me) – 7th
sem
Roll No –
12/IME/020
Session: 2012 -17
With deep devotion I thank all mighty God for blessing me with
desire, intention, inclination, will, ability, guidance hope and
achievements of required goal.
Date:
Place: (Rajat Singh)
II
Declaration
Date:
Place: Lucknow RAJAT SINGH
Integrated M.Tech. (ME) 7th Semester
Department of Mechanical Engineering
Gautam Buddha University
I
I
CONTENTS
Certificate I
Acknowledgement II
Declaration III
CHAPTER 1
Introduction 1–3
- Introduction
CHAPTER 2 4 - 16
- Introduction
- HAL Products
- HAL Services
- HAL Divisions
- Vision, Mission
- Glimpse of HAL
Factories at HAL
- Brief Description
- Mechanical Factory
- Instrument Factory
- Fuel Factory
CHAPTER 4 33 - 45
Aircraft Basics
- Bernoulli’s Equation
- Conclusion
BIBLIOGRAPHY 49
Chapter 1
Introduction
1
CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION
3
Chapter 2
Profile
of
Hindustan
Aeronautics Limited
4
Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (HAL) came into existence
on 1st October 1964. The Company was formed by the merger
of Hindustan Aircraft Limited with Aeronautics India Limited
and Aircraft Manufacturing Depot, Kanpur.
5
• Dhruv, which is Advanced Light Helicopter (ALH)
• Tejas - Light Combat Aircraft (LCA)
• Intermediate Jet Trainer (IJT)
• Various military and civil upgrades.
10
achieved a foothold in export in more than 30 countries,
having demonstrated its quality and price competitiveness.
7
VISION & MISSION OF HAL
VISION
MISSION
8
Glimpse of HAL
9
HAL PRODUCTS
Aircrafts
ENGINES
10
HAL SERVICES:-
11
In the year 1951, when HT-2 the first indigenously
designed primary trainer made its first flight, it heralded the
era of Research & Design at HAL This aircraft served as the
back bone of IAF's training fleet for more than three decades.
12
HAL DIVISIONS
Rank Company Country Sectors
13
2013 2012 2011
12000
8000
4000
0
2010-11 2011-12 2012-13 2013-14 2014-15
Turnover
14
Core Business of HAL
15
About HAL Accessories Division, Lucknow
16
Chapter 3
Factories
At
HAL
(Lucknow division)
17
Brief Description
1. Mechanical factory
2. Fuel Factory
3. Instrument Factory
Besides these three Factory Complexes there are sukhoi factory where the
overhaul and assembly of sukhoi parts are done, a well-defined lab consisting
of non-destructive testing lab, physics lab and chemical lab for testing of different
avionics part. The sukhoi wing also contains its own developed fuel and
instrument and engine factory.
18
Mechanical Factory
Hydraulic Accessories
Environment Control
System
Ejection Seats
19
(Landing Gear Of Jaguar)
(Hydraulic Unit)
20
A Note On Su-30MKI:-
Geometrical Data:-
21
Instrument Factory
- Barometric Instruments
- Gyroscopic Instruments
- Oxygen System
Alternator:-
Static Inverter:-
22
Fuel Content Gauging Probes:-
23
Some other instruments used in aircraft are as follows:-
- Starter generator
- Generator control and protection unit
- DC master box
- AC master box
- Alternator control and protection Unit
- Transformer rectifier unit
- Ground power protection unit
- 3 phase converter
- Multi-channel dimmer unit
24
Fuel Factory
- Hydraulic Pump
25
Fuel System Of SU-30MKI:-
Fuel Tanks:
Fuel Systems:
This sensors are used for computing fuel quantity in service tank.
Capacitance of the probes changes based on the variation in fuel
level in tank. Resultant capacitance of following probes acts as an
input for computing fuel in service tank. Different capacitance probes
used in Su-30MKI are DT41-4, DT41-5, DT41-6, DT41-7, and DT41-8.
26
Fuel flow transmitters: DRT2-2A:
27
Cockpit:
Engines:
28
Non Destructive Testing Lab
29
Magnetic Particle Inspection
Radiography
The part is placed between the radiation source and a piece of film.
The part will stop some of the radiation. Thicker and more dense
area will stop more of the radiation.
(Radiographic Image)
30
Eddy Current Testing
31
Ultrasonic Inspection (Pulse-Echo)
32
Chapter 4
AIRCRAFT
BASICS
33
Aircraft and aircraft Structure
34
Main Parts Of An Aircraft:-
- Fuselage
- Wing
- Empennage
- Landing gear
Engine:-
An aircraft engine is the component of the propulsion system for
an aircraft that generates mechanical power. Aircraft engines are
almost always either lightweight piston engines or gas turbines.
- Pistonprop
- Turboprop
- Turbojet
- Turbofan
- Ramjet
35
Wings:-
- High-wing
- Mid-wing
- Low-wing
- Monoplanes – one set of wings
- Biplanes – two set of wings
36
Fuselage:-
37
Empennage:-
38
Landing Gear:-
Types:-
- Wheels - common
- Floats – water operation
- Skis - snow
b
39
Bernoulli’s Equation
40
Pressure Distribution over Aerofoil
Lift Produced
41
Primary Flight Controls
42
The main control surfaces are as follows:-
- Aileron
- Elevator
- T-tail
- Canard
- Rudder
- V-tail
43
Secondary Flight Controls
- Flaps
- Spoilers
- Trim Devices
(Flaps)
(Leading
Edge
Devices)
44
(Spoilers)
TRIM TABS:-
- Trim Tabs
- Balance Tabs
- Anti-servo Tabs
- Ground Adjustable Tabs
- Adjustable Stabilizer
(Trim Tabs)
45
Chapter 5
Conclusion and
Suggestion
46
CONCLUSION
Training can beinitiated to address a "performance gap" (learning
needed to meet performance standards for a current task or job),
"growth gap" (learning needed to achieve career goals) or
"opportunity gap" (learning needed to qualify for an identified
new job or role).
Technology
Tooling
Quality
Information Technology
47
Suggestions to Enrich Training and Development:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hindustan_Aeronautics
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HAL_Tejas
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sukhoi_Su-30MKI
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HAL_Light_Combat_Helicopter
http://www.hal-india.com/Aerospace%20Division%20Bangalore/M__99