Schöck Dorn type LD

Schöck Dorn type LD, LD-Q

LD

Schöck Dorn type LD

Dowel for the transmission of shear forces in expansion joints between structural components with simulta-
neous movement in the direction of the dowel axis.

Schöck Dorn type LD-Q

Dowel for the transmission of shear forces in expansion joints between structural components with simulta-
neous movement in the direction along and rectangular to the dowel axis.

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 Schöck Dorn type LD

Summary of types | Type designations

Schöck Dorn type LD

LD ⌀ S-A4
The dowel and the sleeve are made of stainless steel. This dowel system is particular-
ly suited for structural component joints with frequent movement such as, for
example, in the exterior of buildings.

LD ⌀ P-A4 or LD ⌀ P-Zn
The sleeve of this set is made of plastic and can be combined with a dowel made from
stainless steel (A4) or hot galvanised carbon steel (Zn). This dowel system is especially
suitable for structural joints with less movements such as, for example, in the interior
of buildings.
x

LD-Q ⌀ S-A4
The dowel and the laterally movable sleeve are made of stainless steel. This dowel
LD system allows displacement of structural components axially and transversely to the
y dowel axis and can be employed in interior and exterior areas.

LD ⌀ F-A4 or LD ⌀ F-Zn
The dowel is available in stainless steel (A4) or hot galvanised carbon steel (Zn). The
one-sided sleeve, made of plastic, is already assembled. This dowel system is
primarily employed with concealed joints in road construction or with foundation
slabs, if both sides of the expansion joint are concreted in one step.
x

Type designations in planning documents

Dowel type
Dowel diameter
Sleeve material
Dowel material
LD-20- S-A4

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 Schöck Dorn type LD

Summary of types | Product selection

Schöck Dorn type LD components

LD ⌀ Part A4 or LD ⌀ Part Zn
The dowel is available in stainless steel (A4) or hot galvanised carbon steel (Zn). The
hot galvanised dowel should be employed in dry interior areas of buildings only.

LD ⌀ Part S
The sleeve is made of stainless steel with a mounting nail plate for fixing to the
formwork. This sleeve can be combined with the stainless steel Dowel LD Part A4 only
and is particularly suitable for structural component joints with frequent movement
such as, for example, in the exterior area.

LD ⌀ Part P
The sleeve and the mounting plate are made of plastic. The sleeve can be fixed simply
to the formwork using the mounting plate. The sleeve can be combined with a LD
stainless steel (A4) dowel or hot galvanised carbon steel (Zn) dowel and is particularly
suitable for the joints of structural components with less movements in the interior
area of buildings.

LD-Q ⌀ Part S
The rectangular sleeve is made of stainless steel and can be combined with the
stainless steel (A4) dowel. It can be used in structural component joints in interior and
exterior areas, if movements axially and transverse to the dowel axis are to be
expected.

Schöck Dorn type LD variants

The configuration of the Schöck Dorn type LD can be varied as follows:
▶ Dowel diameter ⌀:
16, 20, 22, 25 and 30
▶ Sleeve material:
S  for stanless steel
P for plastic
▶ Dowel material:
A4 for stainless steel S690
Zn for hot galvanised carbon steel S690

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 Schöck Dorn type LD

Product characteristics | Corrosion protection/materials | Application

areas
Product characteristics
The Schöck Dorn type LD (load dowel) consists of a sleeve and a dowel part, which are embedded in the respective concrete struc-
tural components adjacent to the joint. The dowel transmits the loads  from one structural component by bending in the sleeve
and thus into the other structural component. Within the concrete structural component the load is taken up through the on-site
reinforcement in the area of the dowel.
The sleeve of the Schöck Dorn type LD is round and thus enables a longitudinal moveability in the direction of the dowel axis in
order to prevent induced stresses due to structural component deformation. The forces can be transmitted perpedicularly and
transversely to the dowel axis.
The LD-Q can be employed should a movement transversely to the dowel axis be required. The sleeve of this dowel is rectangular
and thus enables a displacement of ± 12 mm.

Corrosion protection and materials

For the dowel and the sleeve there is a choice of various materials. To ensure the correct load-bearing capacity and maintenance
free functionality of the dowel, the appropriate material for the environmental conditions must be selected. In the following ta-
ble are listed the recommended combinations of materials and environmental conditions in accordance with ETAG 030.

Dowel Sleeve
Category Typical examples
Part A4 Part Zn Part S Part P
Within buildings
Heated buildings with neutral atmos-
LD C1 ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓
pheres (offices, schools, hotels)
Unheated buildings, in which condensa-
C2 ✓ - ✓ ✓
tion can occur (storage, sports halls)
Production rooms with high air humidity
C3 and some air pollution (food production, ✓ - ✓ ✓
laundries, breweries)
C4 Chemical plants, swimming pools - - - -
Exterior areas
C2 Rural climate ✓ - ✓ ✓
City and industrial atmospheres with
C3 moderate air pollution, coast with low ✓ - ✓ ✓
salt content
Industrial areas, coastal areas with
C4 - - - -
moderate salt content

Dowel Sleeve
Schöck Dorn type LD / LD-Q
Part A4 Part Zn Part S Part P

Materials 1.4362 1.7225 hot galvanised 1.4401, 1.4404, 1.4571 PE

Yield strength fyk ≥ 690 N/mm² fyk ≥ 690 N/mm² fyk ≥ 235 N/mm² -

Application areas
The Schöck Dorn type LD is technically approved at European level for the transmission of mainly latent loadings in expansion
joints. The  European Technical Assessment ETA 16/0545 regulates the dimensioning according to the harmonised product stand-
ard ETAG 030  for the concrete strength classes C20/25 to C50/60. The joint width can vary between 10 and 60 mm. In accordance
with harmonised European product standard ETAG 030 only the Schöck Dorn type LD ⌀ S-A4 can be used as stability component
between two building parts as only this dowel can transmit horizontal forces. The employment of the Schöck Dorn type LD under
earthquake or fatigue loads, is not regulated in the assessment.
All following design and reinforcement tables have been determined with a concrete cover of 20 mm.

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 Schöck Dorn type LD

Minimum dowel spacing/component dimensions

Schöck Dorn type LD / LD-Q 16 20 22 25 30

Minimum component dimensions Dimension [mm]

Slab thickness hmin 180 180 180 180 210

Wall thickness bw 215 240 255 275 305
Beam width bu 160 160 160 180 210
Minimum dowel spacing
Horizontal eh,min 240 240 240 270 315
Vertical ev,min 120 120 120 140 170
Minimum edge distance
Horizontal eR,min 120 120 120 140 160
≥ hmin

eR,min eh, min LD

Fig. 36: Schöck Dorn type LD: Minimum structural component dimensions and dowel spacings for a slab
0.5 hmin
ev,min

bw
0.5 hmin

bu

Fig. 37: Schöck Dorn type LD: Minimum structural component dimesnions Fig. 38: Schöck Dorn type LD: Minimum structural component thickness of a
and dowel spacings on the front face of a beam or a wall wall or column

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 Schöck Dorn type LD

Critical dowel spacings/edge distances

The following critical edge separations and dowel spacings were taken as a basis for the design values in the tables from page 50
onwards. Should these spacings/distances be undercut an additional punching shear design is required taking into account the
shortened perimeters.
The maximum dowel spacing is limited in the product standard ETAG 030 to 8 times the slab height.

eR > eR,crit eR < eR,crit eR > eR,crit

eh > eh,crit eh > eh,crit eh < eh,crit

eR eh eR eR eh eR

Fig. 39: Schöck Dorn type LD: Perimeter dependent on the critical dowel spacing and edge distance

Schöck Dorn type LD 16 20 22 25 30

Slab thickness [mm] Critical dowel spacings eh,crit [mm]
LD 180 500 500 500 490 -
200 510 570 570 580 -
220 550 630 630 640 650
250 630 670 720 720 730
280 700 710 810 810 820
300 750 750 860 870 880
350 880 880 880 1020 1030
Slab thickness [mm] Critical edge distances eR,crit [mm]
180 270 270 270 260 -
200 270 350 350 340 -
220 280 350 420 420 410
250 320 360 440 500 570
280 350 380 450 520 590
300 380 390 470 530 610
350 440 440 460 560 640

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 Schöck Dorn type LD

Critical dowel spacings/edge distances

Schöck Dorn type LD Q 16 Q 20 Q 22 Q 25 Q 30

Slab thickness [mm] Critical dowel spacings eh,crit [mm]
180 450 500 500 480 -
200 500 510 570 590 -
220 550 550 580 650 650
250 630 630 630 680 730
280 700 700 700 700 820
300 750 750 750 750 880
350 880 880 880 880 890
Slab thickness [mm] Critical edge distances eR,crit [mm]
180 230 270 270 260 -
200 250 270 330 330 -
220 280 280 310 380 410
250 320 320 320 370 500
280 350 350 350 360 500
300 380 380 380 380 490
350 440 440 440 440 480

LD

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 Schöck Dorn type LD

Design LD C20/25 – C50/60

Design resistance VRd = min [Steel load-bearing capacity VRd,s, concrete edge resistance VRd,c, Punching shear resistance VRd,ct]

The following design values were determined according to BS EN 1992-1-1 (EC2) using a concrete cover of 20 mm. With high con-
crete cover the load-bearing capacity for an appropriately reduced slab height must be used. The maximum load-bearing capaci-
ties listed here apply only in connections with a reinforcement arrangement in accordance with pages 52 and under observance
of the critical dowel spacings/edge distances in accordance with page 48.

Schöck Dorn type LD 16 20 22 25 30

Slab thickness [mm] Joint width [mm] Design resistances VRd [kN/dowel]
20 18.8 20.6 20.6 20.1
30 15.1 20.6 20.6 20.1
180 40 12.6 20.6 20.6 20.1
50 10.9 20.1 20.6 20.1
60 9.5 17.7 20.6 20.1
20 18.8 32.1 32.1 31.3
30 15.1 27.4 32.1 31.3
200 40 12.6 23.2 29.9 31.3
50 10.9 20.1 26.0 31.3
60 9.5 17.7 23.0 31.3
LD 20 18.8 33.5 42.6 45.1 44.1
30 15.1 27.4 35.2 45.1 44.1
220 40 12.6 23.2 29.9 42.0 44.1
50 10.9 20.1 26.0 36.8 44.1
60 9.5 17.7 23.0 32.7 44.1
20 18.8 33.5 42.6 58.8 77.6
30 15.1 27.4 35.2 49.0 77.6
250 40 12.6 23.2 29.9 42.0 67.7
50 10.9 20.1 26.0 36.8 59.8
60 9.5 17.7 23.0 32.7 53.5
20 18.8 33.5 42.6 58.8 81.7
30 15.1 27.4 35.2 49.0 78.2
280 40 12.6 23.2 29.9 42.0 67.7
50 10.9 20.1 26.0 36.8 59.8
60 9.5 17.7 23.0 32.7 53.5
20 18.8 33.5 42.6 58.8 84.3
30 15.1 27.4 35.2 49.0 78.2
300 40 12.6 23.2 29.9 42.0 67.7
50 10.9 20.1 26.0 36.8 59.8
60 9.5 17.7 23.0 32.7 53.5
20 18.8 33.5 42.6 58.8 90.7
30 15.1 27.4 35.2 49.0 78.2
350 40 12.6 23.2 29.9 42.0 67.7
50 10.9 20.1 26.0 36.8 59.8
60 9.5 17.7 23.0 32.7 53.5

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 Schöck Dorn type LD

Design LD-Q C20/25 – C50/60

Design resistance VRd = min [Steel load-bearing capacity VRd,s, Concrete edge resistance VRd,c, Punching shear resistance VRd,ct]

The following design values were determined according to BS EN 1992-1-1 (EC2) using a concrete cover of 20 mm. With high con-
crete cover the load-bearing capacity for an appropriately reduced slab height must be used. The maximum load-bearing capaci-
ties listed here apply only in connections with a reinforcement arrangement in accordance with pages 52 and under observance
of the critical dowel spacings/edge distances in accordance with page 49.

Schöck Dorn type LD Q 16 Q 20 Q 22 Q 25 Q 30

Slab thickness [mm] Joint width [mm] Design resistances VRd [kN/dowel]
20 10.4 18.6 20.6 19.5
30 8.4 15.2 19.5 19.5
180 40 7.0 12.9 16.6 19.5
50 6.0 11.2 14.5 19.5
60 5.3 9.8 12.8 18.2
20 10.4 18.6 23.7 30.5
30 8.4 15.2 19.5 27.2
200 40 7.0 12.9 16.6 23.3
50 6.0 11.2 14.5 20.4
60 5.3 9.8 12.8 18.2
20 10.4 18.6 23.7 32.7 44.1
LD
30 8.4 15.2 19.5 27.2 43.4
220 40 7.0 12.9 16.6 23.3 37.6
50 6.0 11.2 14.5 20.4 33.2
60 5.3 9.8 12.8 18.2 29.7
20 10.4 18.6 23.7 32.7 51.3
30 8.4 15.2 19.5 27.2 43.4
250 40 7.0 12.9 16.6 23.3 37.6
50 6.0 11.2 14.5 20.4 33.2
60 5.3 9.8 12.8 18.2 29.7
20 10.4 18.6 23.7 32.7 51.3
30 8.4 15.2 19.5 27.2 43.4
280 40 7.0 12.9 16.6 23.3 37.6
50 6.0 11.2 14.5 20.4 33.2
60 5.3 9.8 12.8 18.2 29.7
20 10.4 18.6 23.7 32.7 51.3
30 8.4 15.2 19.5 27.2 43.4
300 40 7.0 12.9 16.6 23.3 37.6
50 6.0 11.2 14.5 20.4 33.2
60 5.3 9.8 12.8 18.2 29.7
20 10.4 18.6 23.7 32.7 51.3
30 8.4 15.2 19.5 27.2 43.4
350 40 7.0 12.9 16.6 23.3 37.6
50 6.0 11.2 14.5 20.4 33.2
60 5.3 9.8 12.8 18.2 29.7

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 Schöck Dorn type LD

On-site reinforcement
On-site reinforcement
All load-bearing levels of the Schöck Dorn type LD respectively require only one slip-in stirrup right and left of the dowel as well
as a longitudinal reinforcement bar (Asy) at the top and bottom edge of the slab. 

Schöck Dorn type LD 16 20 22 25 30

Slab thickness [mm] Asx Asy Asx Asy Asx Asy Asx Asy Asx Asy
180 2  H8 2  H8 2  H8 2  H8 2  H8 2  H8
200 2  H10 2  H10 2  H10 2  H10
2  H8 2  H8
220 2  H10 2  H10 2  H12 2  H12 2  H12 2  H12
2  H12 2  H12
> 250 2  H16 2  H16 2  H16 2  H16
Stirrup spacing lc1 in [mm] 60 60 60 70 80

Schöck Dorn type LD-Q 16 20 22 25 30

Slab thickness [mm] Asx Asy Asx Asy Asx Asy Asx Asy Asx Asy
180 2  H8 2  H8 2  H8 2  H8
200 2  H10 2  H10
2  H8 2  H8 2  H8 2  H8
220 2  H10 2  H10 2  H12 2  H12
2  H12 2  H12
> 250 2  H16 2  H16
Stirrup spacing lc1 in [mm] 60 60 60 80 80
LD

Section View
Asy Asx
≥ hmin

≥ hmin

Asy
lc1
lb,rqd 1.5 dm ≤ 30 lb,rqd lc1 + 3 dm lb,rqd

Fig. 40: Schöck Dorn type LD: On-site reinforcement

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 Schöck Dorn type LD

On-site reinforcement

Section 4

ev
cnom
⌀ ASX < 45
°
< ev - cnom - 2  ⌀ASX

Fig. 41: Schöck Dorn type LD: Position of the longitudunal reinforcement in relation to the front face of the slab

 Do not modify on-site reinforcement

The distance of the longitudinal reinforcement to the front edge of the concrete slab is very important for the load-bearing capac-
ity of the reinforcement. If this distance is too large the lateral stirrups alongside the dowel will not contribute to the resistance. If
stirrup diameters larger than in the table on page 52 are used, the longitudinal reinforcement is displaced. For this reason the re-
inforcement diameters given in the table must be used or the concrete cover at the front face of the slab must be reduced.

LD
 Hazard note - separation longitudinal reinforcement to front face too large
▶ If the longitudinal reinforcement is too far removed from the front face the concrete edge can break off and the structural
component cratered.
▶ The distance between main bars and front face of the slab must be checked after installation.

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 Schöck Dorn type LD

Product description

L/2 20
d

d
L L

Fig. 42: Schöck Dorn type LD Part A4, LD Part Zn: Dimensions of the dowel Fig. 43: Schöck Dorn type LD F-A4, LD F-Zn: Dimensions of the dowel with
plastic sleeve

Schöck Dorn type LD 16 20 22 25 30

Dowel Dimensions [mm]
Dowel length L 270 320 350 390 450
Dowel diameter d 16 20 22 25 30

LD
D

D
C

A
B B A

Fig. 44: Schöck Dorn type LD Part S, LD Part P: Dimensions of the sleeve, Fig. 45: Schöck Dorn type LD-Q Part S: Dimensions of the laterally movable
stainless steel and plastic sleeve

Schöck Dorn type LD 16 Q 16 20 Q 20 22 Q 22 25 Q 25 30 Q 30

Sleeve Dimensions [mm]
Sleeve length A 185 185 210 210 225 225 245 245 275 275
Width of the mounting plate B 80 50 80 50 80 50 80 60 80 60
Height of the mounting plate C 80 70 80 75 80 77 80 80 80 85
Internal diameter D 17 17 21 21 23 23 26 26 31 31

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 Schöck Dorn type LD

Verification of the load-bearing capacity | steel load-bearing capacity

Verification of the load-bearing capacity in accordance with Assessment ETA 16/0545
The load-bearing capacity of an expansion joint connection using the Schöck Dorn type is determined as being the minimum veri-
fiable resistance to punching through shear failure, concrete edge failure and steel load-bearing resistance.

VEd ≤ VRd
VRd = min ( VRd,ct; VRd,c; VRd,s )

with:
VEd - design value of the shear force
VRd - design resistance of the dowel connection
VRd,ct - design resistance against punching shear failure
VRd,c - design resistance against concrete edge failure
VRd,s - design resistance against steel failure of the dowel

These verifications are necessary if the constraints for the design tables are not observed. The punching shear design must be car-
ried out if the critical spacings in accordance with page 48 are undercut or the on-site reinforcement in accordance with page
52 has been modified. The load-bearing capacity of the concrete edge must be additionally checked if the on-site reinforcement
deviates from the recommendations on page 52.

Steel load-bearing capacity in accordance with Assessment ETA 16/0545

Steel load-bearing capacity of the Schöck dowel type LD corresponds with the bending load-bearing capacity of the dowel. It is LD
thus dependent on the surrounding concrete. This load-bearing capacity is important in structural components in which concrete
edge and punching shear failure can be excluded. This is the case, for example, in walls or columns.

Schöck Dorn type LD 16 20 22 25 30

Joint width in mm Steel load-bearing capacity VRd,s [kN]
10 24.9 43.0 54.2 73.5 112.9
20 18.8 33.5 42.6 58.8 92.4
30 15.1 27.4 35.2 49.0 78.2
40 12.6 23.2 29.9 42.0 67.7
50 10.9 20.1 26.0 36.8 59.8
60 9.5 17.7 23.0 32.7 53.5

Schöck Dorn type LD Q 16 Q 20 Q 22 Q 25 Q 30

Joint width in mm Steel load-bearing capacity VRd,s [kN]
10 13.8 23.9 30.1 40.8 62.7
20 10.4 18.6 23.7 32.7 51.3
30 8.4 15.2 19.5 27.2 43.4
40 7.0 12.9 16.6 23.3 37.6
50 6.0 11.2 14.5 20.4 33.2
60 5.3 9.8 12.8 18.2 29.7

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 Schöck Dorn type LD

Punching shear design

Punching shear design in accordance with Assessment ETA 16/0545
The punching shear design in the harmonised product standard ETAG 030, in deviation to the standard BS EN 1992-1-1 (EC2) is
carried with a distance of 1.5d. This procedure of verification has proved itself over years and enables smaller critical edge dis-
tances and dowel spacings compared with a punching shear design with a distance of 2d in accordance with EC2.

ucrit = 60 + lc1 + π · 1,5 · dm ucrit = 60 + e + lc1 + π · 1,5 · dm

ucrit = 30 + eR + lc1/2 + π · 0,75 · dm

30 + 1,5 · dm
1.5 · dm lc1 1.5 · dm 1.5 · dm 1.5 · dm 1.5 · hmin ≤ eh ≤ 3 · dm + lc1 1.5 · dm
e > 3 · dm + lc1 lc1/2 eR ≥ eR,min lc1/2 lc1/2

Fig. 46: Schöck Dorn type LD: Lengths of the perimeter for the punching shear design depending on the dowel spacings

View Section
lc1
LD Asx

Asy
dm

hmin

Asy

Asx
by = lc1 + 2 · 1,5 dm bx = 30 + 1.5 · dm

Fig. 47: Schöck Dorn type LD: Dimensions of the punching area

Punching shear resistance:

VRd,ct = 0.14  η1  κ  ( 100  ρl  fck )1/3  dm  ucrit/β

with: η1 = 1.0 for standard concrete

κ = 1 + ( 200 / dm )1/2 ≤ 2.0
dm - mean static effective height [mm]
dm= ( dx + dy ) / 2
ρl - reinforcement ratio of longitudinal reinforcement within the perimeter considered
ρl = ( ρx  ρy )1/2 ≤ 0.5  fcd / fyd ≤  0.02
ρx = Asx / ( dx  by )
ρy = Asy / ( dy  bx )
fck - characteristic compression strength of the concrete
β - coefficient for consideration of non-uniform load application; with dowels at the cor-
ners 1.5, otherwise 1.4
ucrit - length of the critical perimeter (see diagram)  

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 Schöck Dorn type LD

Concrete edge failure

Verification against concrete edge failure in accordance with Assessment ETA 16/0545
The verification against concrete edge failure is a product-specific verification and is based on the evaluation of tests. For the veri-
fication, the load-bearing capacity is calculated with the aid of the suspended reinforcement on both sides of the dowel. However,
only the legs of the suspended reinforcement, whose effective anchorage length ( l’i )  in the breakout cone is greater than zero,
may be taken into account. Otherwise these legs are too far from the dowel and are thus ineffective.

VRd,ce = ΣVRd,1,i + ΣVRd,2,i ≤ Σ Asx,i  fyd

View

lc1/2 lc1/2
l1'
l1
c1

33° 33°
ξ · ds
cnom

Asx

Fig. 48: Schöck Dorn type SLD: Dimensions of the breakout cone of the con- LD
crete edge

VRd,1i - hook load-bearing capacity of a stirrup alongside the dowel

VRd,1i = X1  X2  ψi  Asx,i  fyk  ( fck / 30 ) 1/2 / γc

with: X1 = 0.61
X2 = 0.92
ψi - coefficient to take into account the the spacing of the suspended reinforcement from
the dowel
ψi = 1 - 0.2  ( lci / 2 ) / c1
lci/2 - distance Asx,i from the dowel of the suspended reinforcement considered
lc1 - distance of the first stirrup row  from the dowel, see page 52 
c1 - edge distance starting from the dowel centre up to the free edge
Asx,i - cross-section of a leg of the suspended reinforcement in the break out cone
fyk - characteristic yield strength of the suspended reinforcement
fck = 30 N/mm² (for all concrete classes in accordance with ETA 16/0545)
γc - γc = 1.5

VRd,2i - Bond resistance of a stirrup alongside the dowel

VRd,2i = π  ds  l’i  fbd

with: ds - diameter of the suspended reinforcement in [mm]

l’i - effective anchoring length of the suspended reinforcement in the breakout cone
l’i = l1 - (lci / 2 )  tan 33°
lci/2 - distance Asx,i from the dowel of the suspended reinforcement considered
l1 = h / 2 - ξ  ds - cnom
ξ = 3 for ds ≤ 16 mm
ξ = 4.5 for ds > 16 mm
cnom - concrete cover of the suspended reinforcement
fbd - design value of the bond resistance between reinforcing steel and concrete

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 Schöck Dorn type LD

Design example
Connection of a floor slab to a wall
Concrete: C25/30
Slab thickness: h = 200 mm
Wall thickness: bw = 300 mm
Concrete cover: cnom,u = cnom,o = 20 mm
Design value of the shear force: vEd = 35 kN/m
Joint length lf = 5.0 m
Joint width on installation: fE = 20 mm
Maximum joint opening: f = 32 mm
Environmental conditions: Joint inside a heated building category C1

The maximum joint opening to be expected is relevant for the design of the Schöck Dorn type LD. This dimension can be deter-
mined through superimposition of the deformations from the shrinkage, loading and temperature changes which occur. Further
information on the calculation of maximum joint width is given on page 12.
In accordance with ETA 16/0545, for the design, the maximum joint opening to be expected must be rounded up to a full 10 mm.
For this reason in the following design a maximum joint width of 40 mm is assumed.

bw

LD

Selection of the suitable materials for the dowel and the sleeve
Determination of the materials in accoordance with page 46:
Constraints: Environment Category C1 interior area, no horizontal bracing in the joint
Sleeve material: Plastic (Part P)
Dowel material: Galvanised engineering steel (Part Zn)

Design Schöck Dorn typeLD

Determination of the design load for the dowel:
Maximum dowel spacing: eh,max = 8  h = 8  200 = 1600 mm = 1.6 m
Minimum possible number of dowels: nDorn = lf / eh,max = 5.0 / 1.6 = 3.13 ≈ 4 dowels
Maximum possible dowel spacing: eh = lf / nDorn = 5 / 4 = 1.25 m
Loading per dowel: VEd, LD = eh  vEd = 1.25  35.0 = 43.8 kN

Seletion of the dowel diameter on the basis of the design tables page 50:
Constraints: slab height = 200 mm and joint width = 40 mm
selected: LD 25 P-Zn
Load-bearing capacity LD 25: VRd, LD 25 = 31.3 kN ≤ VEd, LD = 43.8 kN
The dowel spacing must be reduced

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 Schöck Dorn type LD

Design example
Determination of optimum dowel spacings:
Maximum dowel spacing: eh,max,LD 25 = VRd,LD / vEd = 31.3 / 35 ≈ 0.89 m
Required number of dowels: nDorn = lf / eh,max,LD 25 = 5.0 / 0.89 = 5.62 ≈ 6 dowels
Dowel spacing: eh,LD 25 = lf / nDorn= 5.0 / 6 = 0.84 m
Loading per dowel: VEd,LD 25 = eh,LD 25  vEd = 0.84  35 = 29.4 kN

Checking of the minimum structural component dimensions in accordance with page 47:
Minimum slab thickness: hmin = 180 mm ≤ h = 200 mm
Minimum wall thickness: bw,min = 280 mm ≤ bw = 300 mm

Checking of the critical dowel spacing and edge separation in accordance with page  48:
Critical dowel spacing: eh,crit = 580 mm ≤ eh,LD 25 = 840 mm
Critical edge separation: eR,crit = 340 mm ≤ eR = eh,LD 25 / 2 = 840 / 2 = 420 mm

Determination of the on-site reinforcement in accordance with page 52:

Longitudinal reinforcement: Asy = 1  H10 (at top and bottom structural component edge)
Suspended reinforcement: Asx = 1  H10 (right and left of dowel)

Thus all constraints for the application of the design tables are observed and no further verification for the dowel connection is
required. The reinforcement along the slab edge and in the slab must be verified separately.
For information the detailed verification of the dowel connection is carried out below. LD

Steel load-bearing capacity

Load-bearing capacity: VRd,s = in accordance with table page 55 for LD 25 with a joint width of 40 mm
VRd,s = 42.0 kN

Punching shear design

Loas-bearing capacity: VRd,ct = 0.14  η1  κ  ( 100  ρl  fck )1/3  dm  ucrit/β

with: η1 = 1.0 for standard concrete

dm = ( dx + dy ) / 2 = ( 175 + 165 ) / 2 = 170 mm
dx = h - cnom - ⌀Asx / 2 = 200 - 20 - 10 / 2 = 175 mm
dy = h - cnom - ⌀Asx - ⌀Asy / 2 = 200 - 20 - 10 - 10 / 2= 165 mm
κ = 1 + ( 200 / dm )1/2 = 1+ ( 200 / 170 )1/2 = 2.08 ≤ 2.0
ρl = ( ρx  ρy )1/2 = ( 0.0015 0.0017 )1/2 = 0.0016
ρx = Asx / ( dx  by ) = 2  78.5 / ( 175  580 ) = 0.0015
ρy = Asy / ( dy  bx ) = 1  78.5 / ( 165  285 ) = 0.0017
by = 3  dm + lc1 = 3  170 + 70 = 580 mm
bx = 1.5  dm + 30 = 1.5  170 + 30 = 285 mm
lc1 = 70 mm see page 52
fck = 25 N/mm²
β = 1.4 - dowel in edge area
ucrit = 60 + lc1 + 1.5  dm  π  = 60 + 70 + 1.5  170  π  = 931 mm

Load-bearing capacity: VRd,ct = 0.14  η1  κ  ( 100  ρl  fck )1/3  dm  ucrit/β

= 0.14  1.0  2.0  ( 100  0.0016  25 )1/3  170 931 / 1.4 = 50.2 kN

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 Schöck Dorn type LD

Design example
Concrete edge failure
Load-bearing capacity: VRd,ce = ΣVRd,1,i + ΣVRd,2,i ≤ Σ Asx,i  fyd

Hook load-bearing capacity: VRd,1,i = 0.61  0.92  ψi  Asx,i  fyk  ( fck / 30 ) 1/2 / γc

with: Asx,i = 78.5 mm² ( ⌀ 10 )

fyk = 500 N/mm² ( B500 )
fck = 30 N/mm² (for all concrete classes in accordance with ETA 16/0545)
γc = 1.5
c1 = h / 2 = 200 / 2 = 100 mm
ψi = 1 - 0.2  ( lci / 2 ) / c1
lc1 = 70 mm (see page 52)
ψ1 = 1 - 0.2  ( 70 / 2 ) / 100 mm = 0.93
VRd,1,1 = 0.61  0.92  0.93  78.5  500   ( 30 / 30 )1/2 / 1.5 = 13.65 kN

Bond resistance capacity: VRd,2,i = π  ds   l’i  fbd

with: ds = 10 mm
ξ = 3 for ds
cnom = 20 mm
LD fbd = 2.7 N/mm²
l1 = h / 2 - ξ  ds - cnom
l1 = 200 / 2 - 3  10 - 20 = 50 mm
l’i = l1 - (lci / 2 )  tan 33°

lc1 = 70 mm (see page 52)

l’1 = 50 - ( 70 / 2 )  tan 33° = 27.3 mm
VRd,2,1 = π  10 27.3  2.7 = 2.32 kN

Load-bearing capacity: VRd,ce = ΣVRd,1,i + ΣVRd,2,i ≤ Σ Asx,i  fyd

= 2  13.65 + 2  2.32
= 31.94 KN ≤ 2  78.5  43.5 = 68.3 kN

Verificatons
Punching through flat slabs: VRd,ct = 46.6 kN ≥ VEd,LD 25 = 29.4 kN
Concrete edge fracture: VRd,ce = 31.94 kN ≥ VEd,LD 25 = 29.4 kN
Steel failure: VRd,s = 42.0 kN ≥ VEd,LD 25 = 29.4 kN

View
6  LD 25 P−Zn

2 ⌀ 10 1⌀10
200

1⌀10

70 70 70 70
840 840 840 840 840

60 TI Schöck Dorn/GB/2018.1/January
 Schöck Dorn type LD

Installation instructions

1 2A

LD ⌀ Part P
LD ⌀ Part S

LD-Q ⌀ Part S
2B
LD

LD ⌀ BSM
LD-Q ⌀ BSM

LD ⌀ Part A4
LD ⌀ Part Zn
2C

⌀ 16, 20, 22, 25, 30

TI Schöck Dorn/GB/2018.1/January 61
 Schöck Dorn type LD

Installation instructions

5 10
A B

LD 6 11A 11B

≈ 30 mm ≈ 30 mm

l0 l0

7 12

8 13

62 TI Schöck Dorn/GB/2018.1/January