VALIDITAS DAN RELIABILITAS

Uji validitas dan reliabilitas dilakukan terhadap kuesioner yang digunakan untuk
mengumpulkan data.
1. Uji validitas dapat dilakukan dengan analisis faktor dan korelasi
2. Uji reliabiitas dapat dilakukan dengan Cronbach's Alpha.

Contoh:
Research Title: Pengaruh organizational commitment dan turnover intention terhadap
job satisfaction
Dependent variable: Job satisfaction
Indepedent Variables: Organizational commitment dan turnover intention
Hipotesis:
H1: Organizational commitment berpengaruh terhadap job satisfaction
H2: Turnover intention berpengaruh terhadap job satisfaction

Variabel Penelitian:
1. Job satisfaction: diukur dengan 9 pertanyaan
2. Organizational commitment: 6 pertanyaan
3. Turnover intention: 4 pertanyaan

Job satisfaction (JS):

JS1 I like doing the things I do at work.
JS2 Those who do well on the job stand a fair chance of being promoted.
JS3 My superior is quiet competent in doing his/her job.
JS4 The benefits we receive are as good as most other organizations offer.
JS5 When I do a good job, I receive the recognition for it that I should receive.
JS6 Many of our rules and procedures make doing a good job simple.
JS7 I enjoy to work together with my coworkers.
JS8 I feel satisfied with my chances for salary increases.
JS9 Communications seem good within this organization.

Organizational Commitment (OC):

OC1 I would be very happy to spend the rest of my career with this organization
OC2 I enjoy discussing my organization with people outside it.
OC3 I really feel as if this organization's problems are my own.
OC4 I think that I could not easily become as attached to another organization as I am to t
OC5 I feel 'emotionally attached' to this organization.
OC6 I feel a strong sense of belonging to my organization.
 Turnover Intention (TI):
TI1 I often think about quitting my current job.
TI2 If I can find a better job, I will leave this company.
TI3 I will look for a new job outside of this company within the next six months.
TI4 I will look for a new job outside of this company within the next year

Scale of variable measurement (1= strongly disagree to 5= strongly agree) or Scoring:

Strongly disagree= 1
Disagree= 2
Neutral= 3
Agree= 4
Strongly agree= 5
kan untuk

ntion terhadap

Strongly Strongly
Disagree Neutral Agree
Disagree Agree

1 2 3 4 5
1 2 3 4 5
1 2 3 4 5
1 2 3 4 5
1 2 3 4 5
1 2 3 4 5
1 2 3 4 5
1 2 3 4 5
1 2 3 4 5

1 2 3 4 5
1 2 3 4 5
1 2 3 4 5
1 2 3 4 5
1 2 3 4 5
1 2 3 4 5
 1 2 3 4 5
1 2 3 4 5
1 2 3 4 5
1 2 3 4 5

ree) or Scoring:
Factor Analysis: Untuk uji validitas kuesioner
Terdapat 2 pendekatan dalam analisis faktor:
1. Confirmatory factor analysis
2. Exploratory factor analysis

CONFIRMATORY FACTOR ANALYSIS

Pakai SPSS:
1. Clik Analyze; Data Reduction; Factor
2. Masukkan semua pertanyaan yang akan diuji ke kotak variabel
3. Click: Descriptive: Pilih KMO; Extraction: Pilih Principle component;
4. Click: Extraction: Pilih Principle component; Click: Fixed number of factors
Lalu, pada Factors to extract: Isikan jumlah variabel (untuk contoh ini, "3")
5. Click Rotation: Pilih Varimax; Clik OK.
6. Lihat Tabel berjudul "Rotated Component Matrix"
a. Kriteria yang digunakan factor loading minimal 0,500.
b. Butir-butir pertanyaan yang mengukur variabel yang sama adalah valid
jika factor loading > 0,50 dan mengumpul pada satu component yang sama.
Jika terdapat butir pertanyaan yang tidak memenuhi kriteria ini dapat dibuang.
c. Tabel Rotated Component matrix akan menunjukkan jumlah variabel yang diukur
akan sama jumlah component yang dihasilkan, ketika validitas kuesioner sudah
tercapai.

KMO and Bartlett's Test

Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin Measure o 0.818
Bartlett's Te Approx. Chi-Square 1333.071
df 171
Sig. 0

Rotated Component Matrix(a)

Component
1 2 3
js1 0.933 0.004 0.049
js2 0.721 0.072 -0.168
js3 0.872 -0.062 0.121
js4 0.910 0.010 -0.043
js5 0.919 -0.071 0.003
js6 0.935 -0.059 -0.052
js7 0.891 -0.011 -0.088
js8 0.749 -0.089 0.110
js9 0.880 -0.105 0.140
oc1 0.045 0.680 -0.181
oc2 -0.179 0.197 0.118 OC2 Dibuang
oc3 -0.035 0.877 0.091
oc4 0.060 0.825 0.125
oc5 -0.025 0.926 0.107
oc6 -0.135 0.652 0.074
ti1 0.021 0.100 0.940
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 ti2 -0.016 0.191 0.909
ti3 0.044 -0.176 0.624
ti4 -0.007 0.209 0.851
Extraction Method: Principal Component Analysis.
Rotation Method: Varimax with Kaiser Normalization.
a Rotation converged in 5 iterations.

Factor Analysis setelah OC2 dibuang:

KMO and Bartlett's Test
Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin Measure of Samp 0.821
Bartlett's Test Approx. Chi-Square 1322.403
df 153
Sig. 0

Rotated Component Matrix(a)

Component
1 2 3
js1 0.935 0.009 0.048
js2 0.720 0.080 -0.167
js3 0.871 -0.053 0.123
js4 0.909 0.020 -0.041
js5 0.920 -0.066 0.002
js6 0.935 -0.050 -0.051
js7 0.893 -0.006 -0.090
js8 0.747 -0.078 0.113
js9 0.882 -0.102 0.138
oc1 0.037 0.687 -0.172
oc3 -0.044 0.879 0.101
oc4 0.052 0.825 0.133
oc5 -0.034 0.926 0.116
oc6 -0.140 0.647 0.078
ti1 0.018 0.096 0.943
ti2 -0.019 0.184 0.911
ti3 0.044 -0.179 0.624
ti4 -0.008 0.197 0.850
Extraction Method: Principal Component Analysis.
Rotation Method: Varimax with Kaiser Normalization.
a Rotation converged in 4 iterations.
Berdasarkan hasil factor analisis:
Butir pertanyaan yang dapat dibuang:
1. OC2

EXPLORATORY FACTOR ANALYSIS

Pakai SPSS:
1. Clik Analyze; Dimension Reduction; Factor
2. Masukkan semua pertanyaan yang akan diuji ke kotak variabel
3. Click: Descriptive: Pilih KMO; Extraction: Pilih Principle component;
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 4. Click: Extraction: Pilih Principle component;
5. Click: Rotation: Pilih Varimax; Click OK.
6. Lihat Tabel berjudul "Rotated Component Matrix"
a. Kriteria yang digunakan factor loading minimal 0,500.
b. Butir-butir pertanyaan yang mengukur variabel yang sama adalah valid
jika factor loading > 0,50 dan mengumpul pada satu component yang sama.
Jika terdapat butir pertanyaan yang tidak memenuhi kriteria ini dapat dibuang.
c. Tabel Rotated Component matrix akan menunjukkan jumlah variabel yang diukur
akan sama jumlah component yang dihasilkan, ketika validitas kuesioner sudah
tercapai.

KMO and Bartlett's Test

Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin Measure of Samp0.8177277
Bartlett's Test Approx. Chi-Square 1333.0705
df 171
Sig. 5.19E-179
Rotated Component Matrix(a)
Component
1 2 3 4
js1 0.936 0.008 0.048 -0.003
js2 0.736 0.061 -0.178 0.124
js3 0.855 -0.032 0.137 -0.219
js4 0.904 0.027 -0.035 -0.107
js5 0.928 -0.074 -0.003 0.049
js6 0.929 -0.041 -0.045 -0.118
js7 0.894 -0.006 -0.089 -0.012
js8 0.721 -0.045 0.134 -0.335
js9 0.892 -0.113 0.132 0.080
oc1 0.011 0.720 -0.151 -0.264
oc2 -0.107 0.093 0.057 0.820 OC2 Dibuang
oc3 -0.045 0.879 0.101 0.038
oc4 0.053 0.823 0.132 0.064
oc5 -0.032 0.922 0.114 0.092
oc6 -0.118 0.618 0.060 0.300
ti1 0.017 0.094 0.942 0.025
ti2 -0.019 0.181 0.910 0.057
ti3 0.022 -0.151 0.641 -0.230
ti4 0.010 0.173 0.835 0.273
Rotation Method: Varimax with Kaiser Normalization.

Factor Analysis setelah OC2 dibuang:

KMO and Bartlett's Test
Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin Measure of Samp0.8211946
Bartlett's Test Approx. Chi-Square 1322.4027
df 153
Sig. 3.14E-185
Rotated Component Matrix(a)
Component
1 2 3
js1 0.935 0.009 0.048
js2 0.720 0.080 -0.167
js3 0.871 -0.053 0.123
js4 0.909 0.020 -0.041
js5 0.920 -0.066 0.002
js6 0.935 -0.050 -0.051

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 js7 0.893 -0.006 -0.090
js8 0.747 -0.078 0.113
js9 0.882 -0.102 0.138
oc1 0.037 0.687 -0.172
oc3 -0.044 0.879 0.101
oc4 0.052 0.825 0.133
oc5 -0.034 0.926 0.116
oc6 -0.140 0.647 0.078
ti1 0.018 0.096 0.943
ti2 -0.019 0.184 0.911
ti3 0.044 -0.179 0.624
ti4 -0.008 0.197 0.850
Rotation Method: Varimax with Kaiser Normalization.
Berdasarkan hasil factor analisis:
Butir pertanyaan yang dapat dibuang:
1. OC2

RELIABILITY ANALYSIS
Reliability analysis by using Cronbach's alpha:
Kriteria: Butir-butir pertanyaan suatu variabel adalah reliable, jika
Cronbach's alpha > 0,60.
Pakai SPSS:
1. Click Analyze; Scale; Reliability Analysis
2. Pindah butir-butir pertanyaan yang mengukur variabel yang sama ke
kotak "Items".
3. Untuk menu Model: Pilih Alpha. Click OK.

Reliability of JS:
Reliability Statistics
Cronbach's Al Cronbach's Alpha BasN of Items
0.960 0.959444040186287 9

Reliability of OC after disposing OC2:

Reliability Statistics
Cronbach's Al Cronbach's Alpha BasN of Items
0.857 0.858332095841796 5

Reliability of TI:
Reliability Statistics
Cronbach's Al Cronbach's Alpha BasN of Items
0.868 0.860869442413648 4
Berdasarkan hasil Cronbach's Alpha:
Variabel JS, OC ( tanpa OC2) dan TI adalah reliable,
karena mempunyai Cronbach'S Alpha > 0.60

>LANGKAH BERIKUTNYA ADALAH MELAKUKAN UJI HIPOTESIS PENELITIAN

DENGAN MENGUNAKAN ALAT STATISTIKA YANG SESUAI, MISALNYA
MENGGUNAKAN REGRESI BERGANDA.

Classical assumptions testing:

1. Normality
2. Multicollinearity
3. Heteroscedasticity

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4. Autocorrelation
5. Linearity

Hypotheses:
Hypothesis 1: OC influences JS
Hypothesis 2: TI influences JS

Persamaan Regresi: JS= a + b1.OC + b2.TI

Multiple regression analysis:

SUMMARY OUTPUT

Regression Statistics
Multiple R 0.057
R Square 0.003
Adjusted R Sq -0.023
Standard Erro 0.896
Observations 80

ANOVA
df SS MS F Significance F
Regression 2 0.2031521 0.101576052 0.126526 0.88133367
Residual 77 61.815984 0.802804983
Total 79 62.019136

Coefficients Standard Error t Stat P-value

Intercept 3.985 0.641 6.220 0.000
Average_OC_ -0.076 0.153 -0.494 0.623
Average_TI 0.026 0.150 0.174 0.862

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