The University of Jordan

School of Engineering

Electrical Engineering Department

OPTICAL COMMUNICATION & LASER

Dr. HASSAN FARAHNIH

Student Name: Abd alrhman saleh AL-Najjar

ID #:0167620

Assignment #1
2. Receivers and Signal to Noise Ratio

All parts of this question are consecutive.

(a) What is the responsivity ℜ of a PIN photodiode operating at 1320 nm wavelength

with 94% quantum efficiency?

ℜ = ((ʎ (Կm) × µ) / 1.24) = ((0.94 ×1.32)/1.24) =0.995 ~ 1

(b) The above photodiode receives optical signal P (t) which is a square pulse train with
digital '0' corresponds to no power and digital '1' corresponds to 2 µW power with
equal probability. The bit rate is 10 Gb/s. What is the mean value Ip of the detector
current?

P(W)

2 µw

Tb 2Tb Tb (b/s)

Ip = (2+0)/2 =1 µW

∫
(c) Find the power of the ac component < i2p >= 21T 0
T
ℜ2P 2(t) dt of the above pulse
train.

< i2p >= (1/ (2×Tb)) = (4×Tb×10-12)/ (2×Tb) =2×10-12 A2

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 (d) The load resistance of the receiver circuitry is 5 kΩ and the temperature is 27 oC. If
the dark current and the surface leakage current are negligible, find the mean
square values of the quantum noise and, thermal noise assuming 10 GHz bandwidth
and complete the table below. Third column of the table is for an APD with M = 100
and
F (M) = M0:8. Let < i2p >= 2 ×10 -12 A2.

Sul:
T=27oC. =300Kelven

< i2p >PIN= 2 ×10 -12 A2.

< i2p >ABD= 2 ×10 -12 × M2=2×10-8 A2

Quantum noise

< i2Q >PIN=2 × q × Ip × B × M2 × F(M)= 3.2×10-15A2

< i2Q >APD =1.26×10-9 A2

Thermal noise for APD/PIN

< i2T>= (4×KB×T×B)/ (RL) =3.324×10-14

SNRPIN= (< i2p > × M2)/ ( < i2Q >PIN + < i2T> ) = 55

SNRAPD= (< i2p > × M2)/ ( < i2Q >APD + < i2T> ) = 15.8

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 PIN APD

Signal power < ip2 > 2 ×10 -12 2 ×10 -8

Quantum noise power 3.2×10-15 1.26×10-9

Thermal noise power 3.324×10-14 3.324×10-14

SNR 55 15

(e)Which noise is dominant?

i. With the PIN? Quantum noise

ii. With the APD? Quantum noise

(g)Which SNR is better? with PIN/with APD (strike the wrong answer)

(f)Explain your answer?

Quantum noise .in PIN smaller than ADPN and SNR IS better.

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3. Point to Point Link

An engineer has to design a point to point link using multi-mode ber with bandwidth

800 MHz-km and DGV D = 0:07 ns/nm-km. The transmitter is an InGaAsP LED
operating at 1300 nm. The ber coupled power from this source is -13 dBm. The source
spectral width is 40 nm. Fiber attenuation is 1.5 dB/km at 1300 nm. The receiver is an

InGaAs pin photodiode with sensitivity PR = 11:5logB 60:5 where B is the data rate in
Mb/s. There is 1-dB connector loss at each end. Assuming a 6-dB system margin,
complete the following table with usual notations.

B (Mb/s) Latt (km) LGV D (km) Lmod;q=0:5 (km) Lmod;q=0:5 (km)

MAX L (KM)

1 26.3 250 1620529 1273 26.3

10 18.7 25 162052 127.3 18.7

100 11 2.5 162.0529 12.73 2.5

PS-PR = 2(LC) + +SN

-13-11.5-Log (ß) +60.5 = 2+1.5L+6

Latt = (39.5-11.5 × Log (ß))/1.5

LGVD = (0.7)/ (DGVD × ʎ × ß)

LMODE = (1273/ ß)1/X