3000m Men’s Steeplechase

Eliza Hackworth
​
Data Table:
Years Time
(min)

1948 9.077

1952 8.757

1956 8.687

1960 8.537

1964 8.513

1968 8.85

1972 8.394

1976 8.134

1980 8.162

1984 8.197

1988 8.092

1992 8.147

1996 8.119

2000 8.357

2004 8.097

2006 8.172

2012 8.309

2016 8.055

Source: ​https://www.olympic.org/athletics/3000m-steeplechase-men
Scatter Plot:

In this scatterplot representing the winning time for the Men’s 3000m Steeplechase
each year of the Olympics, the direction is negative. I would say it is a pretty
strong, linear relationship. This means that as the years move on people tend to get
faster. There are only a few instances that do not have this pattern.

Residual Plot:

Yes, a linear model is appropriate for the relationship between the two data sets. In
the scatterplot we can see that there are few outliers while most of our plots follow
the trend. We can use our residual plot to validate this because there are a very
similar number of dots over top of the line and underneath the line, proving it is
strong and linear.

Linear Regression Equation:

ŷ=30.8-0.011x ŷ= time (min) x= year

● For every year that passes the athletes time decreases by .0113 minutes. (.67
seconds)
● The y-intercept in the context of this equation is showing that if you
competed in the olympics in year 0000 your time was 30.8 minutes. This is
not accurate in the actual context of the scenario because there were no
Olympics back then. But since I used the actual year for the data my
numbers are a little bit off from what is accurate in real life.

Prediction for 2020:

ŷ= 30.8-0.0113(2020)

ŷ = 30.8-22.826

ŷ= 7.974

Residual for 1992:

Residual= y-ŷ Residual= 8.147- ŷ ŷ = 8.29

Residual= -.143

r = -.799 or -.8 /// There is a negative, strong linear association between the year
the athletes participated in the Olympics and the time they got in their race.

r2 = .623 /// 62.3% of the variation in the times can be explained by the
approximate linear relationship with the year the athlete competed in the Olympics.
Dependant= Time
● mean= 8.37 minutes
● Sy= .303 minutes
Independant= Years
● mean= 1982
● Sx= 21.354 years

Confirmation of the slope and regression line:

b = r · S y/Sx

b = -.799 (.303/21.354)

b = -.799 (.0142)

b = -.0113

-.0113 = -.0113

Goes through mean of x and mean of y:

8.37= 30.8-0.0113(1982)

8.37= 30.8-22.396

8.37≈8.4