الشامل في الساب 11 PDF

‫‪SAP2000-V11-‬‬
‫‪Structure Analysis Program‬‬

‫* هﻮ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ ﻳﺴﺘﺨﺪم ﻟﻌﻤﻞ اﻟﺘﺤﻠﻴﻞ اﻻﻧﺸﺎﺋﻰ ﻟﻜﺎﻓﺔ اﻧﻮاع اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺎت ‪.‬‬
‫‪Skeletal structure‬‬ ‫‪Non-Skeletal structure‬‬

‫‪ -‬هﻲ اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺎت اﻟﻌﺼﻮﻳﺔ اﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺤﺘﻮي ﻋﻠﻲ ﺑﻌﺪﻳﻦ ﺻﻐﻴﺮﻳﻦ‬ ‫‪-‬هﻲ اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺎت اﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺤﺘﻮي ﻋﻠﻲ ﺑﻌﺪﻳﻦ آﺒﻴﺮﻳﻦ‬
‫واﻟﺒﻌﺪ اﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ اﻟﻌﻤﻮدي ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻢ ﻳﻜﻮن آﺒﻴﺮ‪.‬‬ ‫واﻟﺒﻌﺪ اﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ اﻟﻌﻤﻮدي ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻢ ﻳﻜﻮن ﺻﻐﻴﺮ‪.‬‬
‫‪EX:- Beam – Frames – Trusses-‬‬ ‫‪EX:- Slab – Raft – Tanks - Tunnle-‬‬

‫وﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻤﺜﻴﻠﻬﻢ داﺧﻞ اﻟﺒﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ ﺑﺄﻣﺮ ‪Frame Element‬‬ ‫وﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻤﺜﻴﻠﻬﻢ داﺧﻞ اﻟﺒﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ ﺑﺄﻣﺮ ‪Area‬‬
‫‪ Element‬وﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻤﺜﻴﻠﻬﻢ ﻓﻲ ال )‪ (X-Y Plan‬وﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻤﺜﻴﻠﻬﻢ ﻓﻲ ال) ‪(X-Z Plan‬‬
‫‪4‬‬ ‫‪Eng. \ Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬

‫* اﻟﺨﻄﻮات اﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ ﻟﺤﻞ أي ﻣﻨﺸﺄ ‪-:‬‬
‫‪ -1‬ادﺧﺎل اﻻﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎت ‪-:‬‬
‫ﻳﺘﻢ ادﺧﺎل اﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎت اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺄ ﻓﻲ اﻻﺗﺠﺎهﻴﻦ ‪. X & Y‬‬
‫‪ -2‬ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ اﻟﻘﻄﺎﻋﺎت ‪-:‬‬
‫وﻳﺘﻢ ذﻟﻚ ﻋﻦ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﻣﺮﺣﻠﺘﻴﻦ ‪-:‬‬
‫اﻻوﻟﻲ‪ -:‬ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ اﻟﻘﻄﺎع )اﺳﻤﻪ – اﺑﻌﺎدﻩ – ﻧﻮع اﻟﻤﺎدﻩ (‬
‫اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻴﻪ‪-:‬ﺗﺨﺼﻴﺺ اﻟﻘﻄﺎﻋﺎت ﻟﻠﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ اﻟﻤﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ وﻳﺘﻢ ذﻟﻚ اﺛﻨﺎء اﻟﺮﺳﻢ ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -3‬رﺳﻢ اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺄ ‪-:‬‬
‫ﻳﺘﻢ رﺳﻢ اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺄ ﺑﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮﻩ اﻟﻤﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ ﺳﻮاء آﺎن ‪Beams – Slabs – Columns‬‬
‫‪ -4‬ادﺧﺎل اﻻﺣﻤﺎل ‪-:‬‬
‫ﻳﺘﻢ ادﺧﺎل اﻻﺣﻤﺎل ﻋﻠﻲ اﻟﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ اﻟﻤﻮﺟﻮدة ﺳﻮاء آﺎﻧﺖ اﻻﺣﻤﺎل ‪:‬‬
‫‪Point load – Uniform load – Surface load‬‬
‫‪ -5‬اﻟﺤﻞ وإﻇﻬﺎر اﻟﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ ‪-:‬‬
‫ﻳﻘﻮم اﻟﺒﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ ﺑﺤﻞ اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺄ ﻟﺤﺴﺎب ال ‪ Straining Actions‬وﻳﻘﻮم ﺑﻌﺪ ذﻟﻚ ﺑﺈﻇﻬﺎر اﻟﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ ‪.‬‬

‫اﻟﺨﻄﻮات اﻟﻌﺎﻣﻪ ﻟﻠﺪﺧﻮل ﻟﻠﺒﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ‪-:‬‬
‫‪ -1‬اﻟﻀﻐﻂ ﻋﻠﻲ ال ‪ Short Cut‬ﻟﻠﺒﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ ‪.‬‬
‫‪Sap2000.lnk‬‬
‫‪ -2‬ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل ﻗﺎﺋﻤﺔ اﻻواﻣﺮ ‪-:‬‬

‫‪File‬‬ ‫•‪New Model‬‬
‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر اﻻﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎت‬ ‫ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ اﻟﻮﺣﺪات‬
‫ﻋﺪد اﻟﺘﻘﺴﻴﻤﺎت ﻓﻲ اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ‪X‬‬

‫ﻋﺪد اﻟﺘﻘﺴﻴﻤﺎت ﻓﻲ اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ‪Y‬‬
‫ﻋﺪد اﻟﺘﻘﺴﻴﻤﺎت ﻓﻲ اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ‪Z‬‬
‫اﻟﻤﺴﺎﻓﺔ ﺑﻴﻦ اﻟﺘﻘﺴﻴﻤﺎت ﻓﻲ اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ‪X‬‬

‫اﻟﻤﺴﺎﻓﺔ ﺑﻴﻦ اﻟﺘﻘﺴﻴﻤﺎت ﻓﻲ اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ‪Y‬‬
‫اﻟﻤﺴﺎﻓﺔ ﺑﻴﻦ اﻟﺘﻘﺴﻴﻤﺎت ﻓﻲ اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ‪Z‬‬

‫* ﻓﺘﻈﻬﺮ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﻪ اﻟﺮﺋﻴﺴﻴﻪ ﻟﻠﺒﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ ‪-:‬‬

-: ‫ادﺧﺎل اﻻﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎت‬
. ‫ ( ﻳﻤﻴﻦ‬Click) ‫ اﻟﻮﻗﻮف ﻋﻠﻲ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﻪ وﻋﻤﻞ‬-1
*Edit Grid Data Modify/Show System
‫ادﺧﺎل اﻻﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎت ﺗﺮاآﻤﻴﺔ‬

‫ﻋﻤﻞ ﻧﻈﺎم اﺣﺪاﺛﻲ ﺟﺪﻳﺪ‬
-: ‫ او ﻣﻦ ﻗﺎﺋﻤﺔ اﻻواﻣﺮ‬-2
* Define Coordinate System / Grid Modify/Show System
8 Eng. \ Ayman El-Zohiery
Analysis Of Skeletal Structure
1- Analysis Of Beams
For the given beam :-
-: ‫ ادﺧﺎل اﻻﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎت‬-1

-: ‫ ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ اﻟﻘﻄﺎﻋﺎت‬-2
* Define Of Beam Section :-
Define Frame Sections Add New Property (Concrete)‫ﺗﺤﺪﻳﺪ ﻣﺎدة اﻟﻘﻄﺎع‬
‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ﺷﻜﻞ اﻟﻘﻄﺎع‬

‫ﺗﺤﺪﻳﺪ ﺧﻮاص اﻟﻘﻄﺎع‬
‫اﺳﻢ اﻟﻘﻄﺎع‬
‫ﺧﺮﺳﺎﻧﻪ‬
-: ‫ﻓﺘﻈﻬﺮ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﺔ اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬
‫اﺑﻌﺎد اﻟﻘﻄﺎع‬
-: ‫ رﺳﻢ اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺄ‬3
Frame Element
Draw Draw Frame\cable\tendom

Quick Frame

‫ﺑﻌﺪ اﺳﺘﺪﻋﺎء اﻻﻣﺮ ‪ -:‬ﺗﻈﻬﺮ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﻪ اﻻﺗﻴﻪ‬
‫اﺳﻢ ﻗﻄﺎع اﻟﻜﻤﺮا‬

‫ﺗﺤﺮﻳﺮ اﻟﻌﺰوم‬ ‫وﻳﺘﻢ رﺳﻢ اﻟﻜﻤﺮات ﻃﺒﻘﺎ ﻟﻠﺮﺳﻢ اﻟﻤﻮﺿﺢ‬
‫اﺗﺠﺎﻩ رﺳﻢ اﻟﻜﻤﺮا‬
‫‪ -‬ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻒ ال ‪ :Supports‬ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻒ ال ‪ Support‬آﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ ‪-:‬‬

‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ﻣﻜﺎن اﻟﺪﻋﺎﻣﺔ‬ ‫‪Assign‬‬ ‫‪Joint‬‬ ‫‪Restraints‬‬
‫ﻓﺘﻈﻬﺮ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﺔ اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﻪ ‪-:‬‬
‫‪Fixed Support‬‬ ‫‪Free Support‬‬

‫‪Hinged Support‬‬ ‫‪Roller Support‬‬

‫‪-4‬ادﺧﺎل اﻻﺣﻤﺎل ‪-:‬‬
‫‪For Uniform Distributed Load :-‬‬
‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر اﻟﻜﻤﺮا‬ ‫‪Assign‬‬ ‫‪Frame Loads‬‬ ‫‪Distributed‬‬
‫ﻓﺘﻈﻬﺮ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﺔ اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ‪-:‬‬
‫ﺣﺎﻟﺔ اﻟﺘﺤﻤﻴﻞ‬
‫اﻟﻮﺣﺪات‬
‫اﺗﺠﺎﻩ اﻟﺤﻤﻞ)اﺗﺠﺎﻩ اﻟﺠﺎذﺑﻴﻪ(‬
‫ادﺧﺎل ﻗﻴﻤﺔ اﻟﺤﻤﻞ‬
‫‪For Triangular Distributed Load :-‬‬


‫ﻧﻬﺎﻳﺔ اﻟﺤﻤﻞ اﻟﻤﺜﻠﺜﻲ‬
‫ﺑﺪاﻳﺔ اﻟﺤﻤﻞ اﻟﻤﺜﻠﺜﻲ‬
‫ادﺧﺎل ﻣﻜﺎن اﻟﺤﻤﻞ ﻧﺴﺒﻲ‬ ‫ادﺧﺎل ﻣﻜﺎن اﻟﺤﻤﻞ ﺑﺎﻷﻃﻮال‬
‫اﻟﺤﻤﻞ اﻟﻤﻮزع = ﺻﻔﺮ‬

‫ﻣﻨﺘﺼﻒ اﻟﺤﻤﻞ اﻟﻤﺜﻠﺜﻲ‬
‫‪For Point Load :-‬‬
‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر اﻟﻜﻤﺮا‬ ‫‪Assign‬‬ ‫‪Frame Loads‬‬ ‫‪Point‬‬

‫اﻟﺤﻤﻞ اﻻول ﻋﻨﺪ اﻟﺜﻠﺚ اﻻول ﻣﻦ اﻟﺒﺎآﻴﺔ‬
‫ادﺧﺎل ﻣﻜﺎن اﻟﺤﻤﻞ ﻧﺴﺒﻲ‬
‫اﻟﺤﻤﻞ اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ ﻋﻨﺪ اﻟﺜﻠﺚ اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺒﺎآﻴﺔ‬

‫ﻣﻼﺣﻈﺎت هﺎﻣﻪ ‪-:‬‬
‫‪ -1‬ﻳﺘﻢ اﺳﺘﺨﺪام ﺷﺎﺷﺔ ‪ Set Element‬ﻟﻠﺘﺤﻜﻢ ﻓﻲ ﺷﻜﻞ اﺧﺮاج اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺄ ‪-:‬‬
‫‪View‬‬ ‫‪Set Display Options‬‬ ‫اﻇﻬﺎر اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺄ ﻣﺠﺴﻢ‬
‫اﻇﻬﺎر اﻻﻟﻮان ﻋﻠﻲ ﺣﺴﺐ‬
‫اﻟﻘﻄﺎﻋﺎت اﻟﻤﻌﺮﻓﺔ‬
‫ﺧﺼﺎﺋﺺ ال‪Joint‬‬
‫ﻟﻮن اﻟﺸﺎﺷﺔ اﺑﻴﺾ واﺳﻮد‬
‫اﻇﻬﺎر ال‪Joint‬‬
‫ﺧﺼﺎﺋﺺ ال‪Area‬‬
‫‪ -2‬ﻻﻇﻬﺎر آﻞ اﻻﺣﻤﺎل اﻟﻤﺨﻔﻴﻪ ‪-:‬‬

‫‪Joint‬‬ ‫اﻇﻬﺎر اﻻﺣﻤﺎل ﻋﻠﻲ ال‪Joint‬‬
‫‪Display‬‬ ‫‪Show Load Assigns‬‬
‫‪Frame‬‬ ‫اﻇﻬﺎر اﻻﺣﻤﺎل ﻋﻠﻲ اﻟﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ‬

‫‪ -5‬اﻟﺤﻞ ‪ )-:‬ﻟﺘﺤﺪﻳﺪ ال ‪( DOF‬‬
‫‪Analyze‬‬ ‫‪Set Analysis options‬‬ ‫ﻓﺘﻈﻬﺮ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﺔ اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬
‫ﻳﺘﻢ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ‪Plane Frame‬‬
‫وﻳﺘﻢ اﻟﺒﺪء ﻓﻲ اﻟﺤﻞ آﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ ‪-:‬‬
‫‪Analyze‬‬ ‫‪Run Analysis‬‬ ‫‪or F5 or‬‬
‫‪ Run Now‬ﻟﻴﻘﻮم اﻟﺒﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ ﺑﺎﻟﺤﻞ ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻓﺘﻈﻬﺮ ﺷﺎﺷﺔ ﻳﺘﻢ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر‬
‫* اﻇﻬﺎر اﻟﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ ‪-:‬‬

‫‪1-Deformed Shape :-‬‬
‫‪Display‬‬ ‫‪Show Deformed Shape‬‬
‫) او اﻟﻀﻐﻂ ﻋﻠﻲ ‪( F6‬‬
‫اﻇﻬﺎر اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺄ اﻻﺻﻠﻲ‬
‫ﻓﺘﻈﻬﺮ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﺔ اﻟﻤﻮﺿﺤﺔ ‪-:‬‬

‫‪Straining Actions :-‬‬ ‫اﻇﻬﺎر اﻟﻌﺰوم وﻗﻮي اﻟﻘﺺ ﻋﻠﻲ اﻟﻜﻤﺮات‬
‫‪Joints‬‬ ‫اﻇﻬﺎر ال ‪Reactions‬‬
‫‪Display‬‬ ‫‪Show Forces/Stresses‬‬
‫‪Frames/Cables‬‬ ‫اﻇﻬﺎر ﻧﺘﺎﺋﺞ اﻟﻜﻤﺮات‬
‫اﻇﻬﺎر اﻟﻌﺰوم ﻋﻠﻲ اﻟﻜﻤﺮات ‪-:‬‬ ‫اﻇﻬﺎر ال ‪ Reactions‬ﻟﻠﺮآﺎﺋﺰ‪-:‬‬
‫ﻟﻌﻜﺲ ﺷﻜﻞ‬
‫ال‪Shear‬‬
‫اﻇﻬﺎر ﻗﻴﻢ اﻟﻌﺰوم‬
‫‪Axial Force‬‬ ‫اﻇﻬﺎر اﻟﻘﻮي اﻟﻤﺤﻮرﻳﺔ‬

‫‪Shear 2 - 2‬‬ ‫اﻇﻬﺎر ﻗﻮي اﻟﻘﺺ‬
‫‪Moment 3-3‬‬ ‫اﻇﻬﺎر اﻟﻌﺰوم‬
‫ﻣﻼﺣﻈﺎت هﺎﻣﻪ ‪-:‬‬
‫‪Define‬‬ ‫‪Load Cases‬‬ ‫ﻓﺘﻈﻬﺮ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﻪ اﻟﻤﻮﺿﺤﻪ‬ ‫‪ – 1‬اﻟﻐﺎء وزن اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺄ ‪-:‬‬
‫ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ال ‪ 1‬اﻟﻲ ﺻﻔﺮ واﻟﻀﻐﻂ ﻋﻠﻲ‬

‫‪Modify Load‬‬
‫ﻟﻴﻘﻮم ﺑﺈﻟﻐﺎء اﻟﻮزن‬
‫‪ – 2‬ﻋﻤﻞ رآﻴﺰة ﻣﺎﺋﻠﺔ ‪-:‬‬

‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر اﻟﺮآﻴﺰة‬ ‫‪Assign‬‬ ‫‪Joint‬‬ ‫‪Local Axis‬‬ ‫ادﺧﺎل زاوﻳﺔ اﻟﻤﻴﻞ)ﺣﻮل ال ‪( Y-Axis‬‬
‫ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﺤﺪﻳﺪ اﺷﺎرة زاوﻳﺔ اﻟﻤﻴﻞ ﻃﺒﻘﺎ ﻟﻘﺎﻋﺪة اﻟﻴﺪ اﻟﻴﻤﻨﻲ )ﻣﻊ ﻋﻘﺎرب اﻟﺴﺎﻋﻪ ﻣﻮﺟﺐ وﻋﻜﺲ ﻋﻘﺎرب اﻟﺴﺎﻋﻪ ﺳﺎﻟﺐ (‬
‫‪ – 3‬ادﺧﺎل ال ‪-: Spring‬‬
‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ال ‪Joint‬‬ ‫‪Assign‬‬ ‫‪Joint‬‬ ‫‪Springs‬‬ ‫ادﺧﺎل ﻗﻴﻤﺔ ال ‪K‬‬
‫ﻳﺘﻢ ادﺧﺎل ﻗﻴﻤﺔ ال ‪ K‬ﻟﻞ ‪ Spring‬ﺑﻘﻴﻤﺔ ﻣﻮﺟﺒﺔ ﻓﻲ ‪Translation 3‬‬
‫‪ – 3‬ﺣﺪوث هﺒﻮط ﻟﺮآﻴﺰة ‪-:‬‬
‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر اﻟﺮآﻴﺰة‬ ‫‪Assign‬‬ ‫‪Joint Loads‬‬ ‫‪Displacement‬‬ ‫ادﺧﺎل ﻗﻴﻤﺔ اﻟﻬﺒﻮط‬
‫ﻳﺘﻢ ادﺧﺎل ﻗﻴﻤﺔ اﻟﻬﺒﻮط ﺑﺎﻟﺴﺎﻟﺐ ﻓﻲ اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ‪Global Z‬‬

‫‪Temperature Effect :-‬‬
‫‪For Frame Element :-‬‬
‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر اﻟﻌﻨﺼﺮ‬ ‫‪Assign‬‬ ‫‪Frame Loads‬‬ ‫‪Temperature‬‬
‫ﺣﺮارة ﻣﻨﺘﻈﻤﺔ‬
‫اذا آﺎﻧﺖ درﺟﺔ اﻟﺤﺮارة ﺳﺎﻟﺒﺔ ) اﻧﻜﻤﺎش(‬ ‫ﺣﺮارﻩ ﻏﻴﺮ ﻣﻨﺘﻈﻤﻪ‬
‫اذا آﺎﻧﺖ درﺟﺔ اﻟﺤﺮارة ﻣﻮﺟﺒﺔ )ﺗﻤﺪد(‬
‫ﻗﻴﻤﺔ اﻟﺤﺮارة‬
‫‪For Shell Element :-‬‬

‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺔ‬ ‫‪Assign‬‬ ‫‪Area Loads‬‬ ‫)‪Temperature (All‬‬
‫ﺣﺮارة ﻣﻨﺘﻈﻤﺔ‬
‫ﺣﺮارة ﻏﻴﺮ ﻣﻨﺘﻈﻤﺔ‬
‫اذا آﺎﻧﺖ درﺟﺔ اﻟﺤﺮارة ﺳﺎﻟﺒﺔ ) اﻧﻜﻤﺎش(‬ ‫ﻗﻴﻤﺔ اﻟﺤﺮارة‬
‫اذا آﺎﻧﺖ درﺟﺔ اﻟﺤﺮارة ﻣﻮﺟﺒﺔ )ﺗﻤﺪد(‬
‫ﻣﻠﺤﻮﻇﺔ ‪-:‬‬
‫ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ ان درﺟﺔ اﻟﺤﺮارة ﺗﻜﻮن ﻏﻴﺮ ﻣﻨﺘﻈﻤﺔ ﻳﺘﻢ ادﺧﺎل ﻣﻌﺎدﻟﺔ ﻟﺪرﺟﺔ اﻟﺤﺮارة آﻤﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ ﺿﻐﻂ اﻟﻤﻴﺎﻩ‬
2- Analysis Of Frames
X = 0 , 6 , 11 , 14
Y=0
Z=0,4,7 For Column Section :- -: ‫ ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ اﻟﻘﻄﺎﻋﺎت‬-2
Define Frame Sections Add New Property

Column Section

‫)‪For Beam Section :- (T-Section‬‬ ‫ﺗﺤﺪﻳﺪ ﻣﺎدة اﻟﻘﻄﺎع)‪(Steel‬‬
‫ﺗﺤﺪﻳﺪ ﻣﺎدة اﻟﻘﻄﺎع‬
‫ﻟﺘﺤﺪﻳﺪ ﻣﺎدة اﻟﻘﻄﺎع ‪-:‬‬
‫اﻟﻀﻐﻂ هﻨﺎ )ﻻﺿﺎﻓﺔ ﻣﺎدﻩ ﺟﺪﻳﺪﻩ (‬

‫‪Frame Element‬‬
‫‪Draw‬‬ ‫‪Draw Frame\cable\tendom‬‬ ‫ﻟﺮﺳﻢ اﻟﻌﻨﺼﺮ اﻟﻤﺎﺋﻞ‬
‫‪Quick Frame‬‬
‫ﻳﺘﻢ رﺳﻢ اﻟﻌﻨﺼﺮ وﻟﻜﻦ ﺑﻌﺪ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر اﺳﻢ اﻟﻘﻄﺎع اﻟﻤﺮاد اﻟﺮﺳﻢ ﺑﻪ‬
‫ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻒ ال ‪ Support‬آﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ ‪-:‬‬ ‫‪ -4‬ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻒ ال ‪:Supports‬‬

‫وﻳﺘﻢ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ﻧﻮع اﻟﺪﻋﺎﻣﺔ اﻟﻤﻄﻠﻮﺑﺔ ﺳﻮاء آﺎن ‪Fixed & Hinge & Roller‬‬
‫‪For Triangular Distributed Load :-‬‬
‫ﻳﺘﻢ ادﺧﺎل ) ﺻﻔﺮ ( ﻓﻲ ﺑﺪاﻳﺔ اﻟﻜﻤﺮا و ) ‪ ( 3‬ﻓﻲ ﻣﻨﺘﺼﻒ اﻟﻜﻤﺮا و ) ﺻﻔﺮ ( ﻓﻲ ﻧﻬﺎﻳﺔ اﻟﻜﻤﺮا‬
‫‪For Uniform Distributed Load :-‬‬



‫ﻧﻬﺎﻳﺔ اﻟﺤﻤﻞ اﻟﻤﻮزع‬
‫ﺑﺪاﻳﺔ اﻟﺤﻤﻞ اﻟﻤﻮزع‬
‫ادﺧﺎل ﻣﻜﺎن اﻟﺤﻤﻞ ﻧﺴﺒﻲ‬ ‫ادﺧﺎل ﻣﻜﺎن اﻟﺤﻤﻞ ﺑﺎﻷﻃﻮال‬

‫ﻳﺴﺘﺨﺪم ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ ان اﻟﺤﻤﻞ اﻟﻤﻮزع‬
‫ﻋﻠﻲ آﺎﻣﻞ ﻃﻮل اﻟﻌﻨﺼﺮ‬
‫‪For Joint Load 4 ton:-‬‬
‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ال‪Joint‬‬ ‫‪Assign‬‬ ‫‪Joint Loads‬‬ ‫‪Forces‬‬
‫ﻳﺘﻢ ادﺧﺎل اﻟﺤﻤﻞ ﻓﻲ اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ‪ X-Axis‬ﺑﺎﻟﻤﻮﺟﺐ‬

‫‪For Point Load 5 ton:-‬‬
‫ادﺧﺎل اﺣﻤﺎل‬
‫اﻟﻨﻈﺎم اﻻﺣﺪاﺛﻲ‬
‫اﺗﺠﺎﻩ اﻟﺤﻤﻞ‪Axis 2‬‬
‫ﻣﻜﺎن اﻟﺤﻤﻞ‬
‫ﻗﻴﻤﺔ اﻟﺤﻤﻞ‬
‫‪Local Axis‬‬
‫ادﺧﺎل ﻋﺰوم‬
‫‪For Concentrated Moment 6 t.m:-‬‬
‫ﻣﺤﻮر دوران اﻟﻌﺰم‬
‫ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﺤﺪﻳﺪ اﺷﺎرة ﻗﻴﻤﺔ اﻟﻌﺰم ﻃﺒﻘﺎ ﻟﻘﺎﻋﺪة اﻟﻴﺪ اﻟﻴﻤﻨﻲ‬
‫)ﻣﻊ ﻋﻘﺎرب اﻟﺴﺎﻋﻪ ﻣﻮﺟﺐ(‬ ‫ﻣﻜﺎن اﻟﺤﻤﻞ‬
‫ﻗﻴﻤﺔ اﻟﻌﺰم‬

-: ‫ اﻟﺤﻞ‬-6
Analyze Set Analysis options Plane Frame ‫ﻳﺘﻢ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر‬
-: ‫وﻳﺘﻢ اﻟﺒﺪء ﻓﻲ اﻟﺤﻞ آﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ‬
Analyze Run Analysis or F5 or . ‫ ﻟﻴﻘﻮم اﻟﺒﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ ﺑﺎﻟﺤﻞ‬Run Now ‫ﻓﺘﻈﻬﺮ ﺷﺎﺷﺔ ﻳﺘﻢ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر‬
1-Deformed Shape :- -: ‫ اﻇﻬﺎر اﻟﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ‬-7

Display Show Deformed Shape ( F6 ‫) او اﻟﻀﻐﻂ ﻋﻠﻲ‬
2-Straining Actions :-
Joints Reactions ‫اﻇﻬﺎر ال‬
Display Show Forces/Stresses
Frames/Cables ‫اﻇﻬﺎر ﻧﺘﺎﺋﺞ اﻟﻜﻤﺮات و اﻻﻋﻤﺪة‬
Bending Moment Shearing Forces

3- Analysis Of Multi-Story Frames
X = 0 , 6 , 12 , 18
Y=0
Z=0,3
Define Frame Sections ( ‫) ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﺛﻼث ﻗﻄﺎﻋﺎت‬ -: ‫ ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ اﻟﻘﻄﺎﻋﺎت‬-2

‫‪Frame Element‬‬
‫‪Draw‬‬ ‫‪Draw Frame\cable\tendom‬‬
‫ﻳﺘﻢ رﺳﻢ اﻟﻌﻨﺼﺮ وﻟﻜﻦ ﺑﻌﺪ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر اﺳﻢ اﻟﻘﻄﺎع اﻟﻤﺮاد اﻟﺮﺳﻢ ﺑﻪ‬
‫ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻒ ال ‪ Support‬آﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ ‪-:‬‬ ‫‪ -4‬ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻒ ال ‪:Supports‬‬

‫وﻳﺘﻢ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر اﻟﺪﻋﺎﻣﺔ اﻟﻤﻄﻠﻮﺑﺔ وهﻲ ‪Fixed‬‬
‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر آﻞ اﻟﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ‬ ‫‪Edit‬‬ ‫ﻓﺘﻈﻬﺮ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﻪ اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﻪ ‪Replicate‬‬ ‫‪ -4‬ﻋﻤﻞ ﺗﻜﺮار ﻟﻠﻤﻨﺸﺄ ‪-:‬‬
‫ﻃﺮﻗﺔ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر اﻟﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ‬
‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر آﻞ اﻟﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ‬
‫ﻣﺴﺎﻓﺔ اﻟﺘﻜﺮار ﻓﻲ اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ‪Z‬‬
‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر اﺧﺮ ﻋﻨﺎﺻﺮ ﺗﻢ اﺧﺘﻴﺎرهﺎ‬
‫ﻋﺪد ﻣﺮات اﻟﺘﻜﺮار دون اﺧﺬ‬
‫اﻻﺻﻞ ﻓﻲ اﻻﻋﺘﺒﺎر‬ ‫اﻟﻐﺎء اﻻﺧﺘﻴﺎر‬
‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﻋﻨﺎﺻﺮ ﻋﻦ‬
‫ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﻋﻤﻞ ﺧﻂ ﺑﺎل ‪Mouse‬‬

-: ‫ ادﺧﺎل اﻻﺣﻤﺎل‬-5
For Uniform Distributed Load :-
‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر اﻟﻜﻤﺮات‬ Assign Frame Loads Distributed
‫وﻳﺘﻢ ادﺧﺎل ﻗﻴﻤﺔ اﻟﺤﻞ اﻟﻤﻮزع‬
For Joint Load :-
Joint‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ال‬ Assign Joint Loads Forces
‫وﻳﺘﻢ ادﺧﺎل ﻗﻴﻤﺔ اﻟﺤﻤﻞ ﻃﺒﻘﺎ ﻟﻼﺗﺠﺎﻩ اﻟﻤﻮﺿﺢ ﻋﻠﻲ اﻟﺮﺳﻢ‬
-: ‫ اﻟﺤﻞ‬-6
1-Deformed Shape :- -: ‫ اﻇﻬﺎر اﻟﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ‬-7


4- Analysis Of Trusses
X = 0 , 9 , 18
Y=0
Z = 0 ,4
-: ‫ ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ اﻟﻘﻄﺎﻋﺎت‬-2
Double Angle 150x150x15
-: ‫ﻓﺘﻈﻬﺮ اﻻﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎت آﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ‬
Define Frame Sections Add New Property

( ‫ﻓﺘﻈﻬﺮ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﺔ اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ )ﺗﺎﺑﻊ اﻟﺼﻔﺤﻪ اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﻪ‬

‫ﺗﺤﺪﻳﺪ ﻣﺎدة اﻟﻘﻄﺎع)‪(Steel‬‬
‫ﺗﺤﺪﻳﺪ ﻣﺎدة اﻟﻘﻄﺎع‬
‫‪ -3‬رﺳﻢ اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺎ ‪-:‬‬

‫‪1- Drawing Upper & Lower Chord :-‬‬
‫ﻳﺘﻢ رﺳﻢ اﻻﻃﺎر اﻟﺨﺎرﺟﻲ ﻟﻞ ‪Truss‬‬

‫ﺑﻌﺪ اﺳﺘﺪﻋﺎء اﻻﻣﺮ ﻳﺘﻢ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر اﺳﻢ اﻟﻘﻄﺎع اﻟﻤﻄﻠﻮب‬

‫ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻘﺴﻴﻢ اﻟﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ آﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ ‪-:‬‬
‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر اﻟﻌﻨﺼﺮ‬ ‫‪Edit‬‬ ‫‪Edit Lines‬‬ ‫‪Divide Frames‬‬ ‫ﻓﺘﻈﻬﺮ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﺔ اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬
‫ﻋﺪد اﻟﺘﻘﺴﻴﻤﺎت‬
‫ﻟﻴﺼﺒﺢ ﺷﻜﻞ اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺄ آﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ‬
‫ﻧﺴﺒﺔ اﻟﺘﻘﺴﻴﻢ‬
‫)ﻣﺘﺴﺎوﻳﻪ(‬
‫‪2- Drawing Diagonal Members :-‬‬
‫‪Draw‬‬ ‫‪Draw Frame\cable\tendom‬‬ ‫وذﻟﻚ ﻟﺮﺳﻢ اﻟﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ اﻟﻤﺎﺋﻠﺔ‬
‫ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻒ ال ‪ :Supports‬ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻒ ال ‪ Support‬آﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ ‪-:‬‬

‫وﻳﺘﻢ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر اﻟﺪﻋﺎﻣﺔ اﻟﻤﻄﻠﻮﺑﺔ‬
‫)ﺣﺘﻲ ﻻ ﻳﻈﻬﺮ اي ﻋﺰوم ﻋﻠﻲ اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺎ(‬ ‫ﻋﻤﻞ ﺗﺤﺮﻳﺮ ﻟﻠﻌﺰم ‪-:‬‬
‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر آﻞ اﻟﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ‬ ‫‪Assign‬‬ ‫‪Frame\Cable\Tendom‬‬ ‫‪Releases\Partial Fixity‬‬
‫ﻓﺘﻈﻬﺮ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﻪ اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ‪-:‬‬
‫ﻣﻠﺤﻮﻇﻪ هﺎﻣﻪ ‪-:‬‬

‫‪ -1‬ﻳﺘﻢ اﺳﺘﺨﺪام هﺬا اﻻﺳﻠﻮب ﻟﺠﻌﻞ‬
‫اﻟﻌﺰوم ﻋﻨﺪ اي ﻧﻘﻄﻪ ﺗﺴﺎوي ﺻﻔﺮ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -2‬ﻳﺘﻢ اﺳﺘﺨﺪام هﺬا اﻻﺳﻠﻮب ﻟﺘﻤﺜﻴﻞ ال‬
‫‪ Intermediate Hinge‬ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺎت‪.‬‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﺤﺮﻳﺮ اﻟﻌﺰم ‪M33‬‬

‫‪For Joint Load :-‬‬
‫وﻳﺘﻢ ادﺧﺎل ﻗﻴﻤﺔ اﻟﺤﻤﻞ ﻓﻲ اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ‪ Z‬ﺑﺎﺷﺎرﻩ ﺳﺎﻟﺒﻪ‪.‬‬
‫ﻻﻟﻐﺎء وزن اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺄ ‪-:‬‬
‫‪Define‬‬ ‫‪Load Cases‬‬ ‫ﻓﺘﻈﻬﺮ ﺷﺎﺷﻪ‬
‫ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ال ‪ 1‬اﻟﻲ ﺻﻔﺮ واﻟﻀﻐﻂ ﻋﻠﻲ ‪ Modify Load‬ﻟﻴﻘﻮم ﺑﺈﻟﻐﺎء اﻟﻮزن‬

-: ‫ اﻟﺤﻞ‬-5
1-Deformed Shape :- -: ‫اﻇﻬﺎر اﻟﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ‬

Eng.\ Ayman Abdel-Salam El-Zohiery

Eng_A_Zohiery@yahoo.com

‫‪Design Using SAP2000‬‬
‫‪Design Of Steel Sections:-‬‬
‫ﺑﻌﺪ ﺣﻞ اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺄ وﻟﻴﻜﻦ ‪-: Truss‬‬
‫‪1-Options‬‬ ‫‪Preferences‬‬ ‫‪Steel Frame Design‬‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر آﻮد اﻟﺘﺼﻤﻴﻢ ‪Design Code‬‬
‫‪2-Design‬‬ ‫‪Steel Frame Design‬‬ ‫‪Start Design/Check Of Structure‬‬
‫ﻳﺒﺪأ اﻟﺒﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺤﻞ وﻳﻈﻬﺮ ﺷﺮﻳﻂ اﻟﻮان اﺳﻔﻞ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﺔ وﺗﺘﻠﻮن اﻟﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ ﺑﺄﻟﻮان ﻳﻤﻜﻦ اﻟﺤﻜﻢ ﻋﻠﻲ اﻧﻬﺎ ‪ Safe‬او ﻻ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل‬
‫هﺬﻩ اﻻﻟﻮان ‪.‬‬
‫ﻋﻨﺪ ﻋﻤﻞ ‪ Double Click‬ﻋﻠﻲ أي ﻋﻨﺼﺮ ﺗﻈﻬﺮ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﺔ اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ‪-:‬‬
‫اﻇﻬﺎر اﻟﻨﻮﺗﺔ اﻟﺤﺴﺎﺑﻴﺔ‬
‫‪3-Design‬‬ ‫‪Steel Frame Design‬‬ ‫‪Verify All Members Passed‬‬

‫اذا آﺎﻧﺖ آﻞ اﻟﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ اﻣﻨﺔ ﺗﻈﻬﺮ رﺳﺎﻟﺔ ﺗﺆآﺪ ذﻟﻚ ‪.‬‬

Beam Examples :-

Frame Examples :-

Truss Examples :-

Analysis Of Non-Skeletal Structure
1- Analysis of Solid Slab:-
For the given slab :-
For Slab:-
ts = 12 cm Solid
For Beam:-
b = 25 cm t = 60 cm
Live Load = 200 kg\m2
Covering = 150 kg\m2
X = 0 , 5 , 10 Y=0,4,8 Z=0 -: ‫ﻳﺘﻢ ادﺧﺎل اﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎت آﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ‬
(‫ )ﻗﻄﺎﻋﺎت اﻟﻜﻤﺮات‬-: ‫ ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ اﻟﻘﻄﺎﻋﺎت‬-2

Define Frame Sections 25*60 ‫ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﻗﻄﺎع‬

‫)ﻗﻄﺎﻋﺎت اﻟﺒﻼﻃﻪ(‬ ‫‪ -‬ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ اﻟﻘﻄﺎﻋﺎت ‪-:‬‬
‫‪Define‬‬ ‫‪Area Sections‬‬
‫ﻟﻮن اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺔ‬
‫ﻧﻮع ﻣﺎدة اﻟﻘﻄﺎع‬ ‫ﻋﻤﻞ ﻗﻄﺎع ﺟﺪﻳﺪ‬

‫ﺗﻌﺪﻳﻞ ﻗﻄﺎع ﻣﻮﺟﻮد‬
‫ﺗﺨﺎﻧﺔ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺔ‬

‫‪Frame Element‬‬ ‫‪ -1‬رﺳﻢ اﻟﻜﻤﺮات ‪-:‬‬
‫وﻳﺘﻢ رﺳﻢ اﻟﻜﻤﺮات ﻃﺒﻘﺎ ﻟﻠﻨﻈﺎم اﻻﻧﺸﺎﺋﻲ‬

‫‪ -‬رﺳﻢ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺎت ‪-:‬‬
‫‪Draw poly area‬‬
‫رﺳﻢ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﻪ ﺑﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﻴﺔ اآﺜﺮ ﻣﻦ ﺛﻼث ﻧﻘﻂ‬
‫‪Draw‬‬ ‫‪Quick draw Area‬‬
‫‪Draw Rectangular Area‬‬
‫رﺳﻢ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﻪ ﺑﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﻴﺔ ﻧﻘﻄﺘﻴﻦ‬
‫‪Quick Draw Area‬‬
‫رﺳﻢ ﺑﻼﻃﻪ داﺧﻞ اﻻﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎت‬
‫ﺑﻌﺪ اﺳﺘﺪﻋﺎء اﻻﻣﺮ ‪ -:‬ﺗﻈﻬﺮ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﻪ اﻻﺗﻴﻪ‬
‫اﺳﻢ ﻗﻄﺎع اﻟﺒﻼﻃﻪ‬
‫وﻳﺘﻢ رﺳﻢ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﻪ ﻃﺒﻘﺎ ﻟﻠﻨﻈﺎم اﻻﻧﺸﺎﺋﻲ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻒ اﻻﻋﻤﺪة ‪-:‬‬

‫ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻒ اﻻﻋﻤﺪة ﻋﻠﻲ اﻧﻬﺎ ‪Hinges‬‬
‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ﻣﻜﺎن اﻻﻋﻤﺪة‬ ‫‪Assign‬‬ ‫‪Joint‬‬ ‫‪Restraints‬‬

‫‪ -1‬ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﺣﺎﻻت اﻟﺘﺤﻤﻴﻞ ‪) -:‬ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ ﺗﺤﻤﻴﻞ ﻟﻼﺣﻤﺎل اﻟﺤﻴﻪ ﺑﺎﻻﺿﺎﻓﻪ ﻟﻞ ‪ Dead Load‬اﻟﻤﻮﺟﻮدﻩ‪0‬‬
‫‪Define‬‬ ‫‪Load Cases‬‬ ‫ﻓﺘﻈﻬﺮ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﻪ اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ‪-:‬‬
‫اﺿﺎﻓﺔ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ ﺗﺤﻤﻴﻞ ﺟﺪﻳﺪة‬
‫ﺣﺎﻟﺔ اﻟﺘﺤﻤﻴﻞ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺪﻳﻞ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ ﺗﺤﻤﻴﻞ ﻣﻮﺟﻮدة‬

‫اﻟﻤﻄﻠﻮﺑﺔ‬
‫ﺣﺬف ﺣﺎﻟﺔ ﺗﺤﻤﻴﻞ ﻣﻮﺟﻮدة‬
‫‪ -2‬اﺣﻤﺎل اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺔ ‪-:‬‬

‫‪ -1‬وزن اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺔ ﻳﺘﻢ ﺣﺴﺎﺑﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل اﻟﺒﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ ووﺿﻌﻪ ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ اﻟﺘﺤﻤﻴﻞ ‪.Dead‬‬
‫‪ -2‬وزن ال ‪ Covering‬وﻳﺘﻢ وﺿﻌﻪ ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ اﻟﺘﺤﻤﻴﻞ ‪0 Dead‬‬
‫‪ -3‬وزن ال ‪ Live Load‬وﻳﺘﻢ وﺿﻌﻪ ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ اﻟﺘﺤﻤﻴﻞ ‪0 LL‬‬
‫‪Covering = 150 kg\m2‬‬ ‫‪L.L =200 kg\m2‬‬
‫وﻳﺘﻢ ادﺧﺎل اﺣﻤﺎل اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺎت آﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ ‪-:‬‬

‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺔ‬ ‫‪Assign‬‬ ‫‪Area Loads‬‬ ‫)‪Uniforme(Shell‬‬
‫ادﺧﺎل ال ‪Live Loads‬‬ ‫ادﺧﺎل ال ‪Covering‬‬
‫اﺗﺠﺎﻩ اﻟﺤﻤﻞ‬
‫‪ -3‬اﺣﻤﺎل اﻟﻜﻤﺮات ‪-:‬‬

‫‪ -1‬وزن اﻟﻜﻤﺮا ﻳﺘﻢ ﺣﺴﺎﺑﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل اﻟﺒﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ‬
‫‪ -2‬وزن اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺔ ﻋﻠﻲ اﻟﻜﻤﺮا ﻳﺘﻢ ﺣﺴﺎﺑﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل اﻟﺒﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ‬
‫‪ -2‬وزن اﻟﺤﻮاﺋﻂ )ﻳﺘﻢ ﺣﺴﺎب ﻗﻴﻤﺔ وزن اﻟﺤﻮاﺋﻂ آﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ( ‪-:‬‬
‫‪W = tw * hw * γ t\m‬‬
‫‪tw‬‬ ‫ﺗﺨﺎﻧﺔ اﻟﺤﺎﺋﻂ‬ ‫‪hw‬‬ ‫ارﺗﻔﺎع اﻟﺤﺎﺋﻂ‬ ‫‪γ‬‬ ‫اﻟﻮزن اﻟﻨﻮﻋﻲ ﻟﻠﻄﻮب‬

‫وﻳﺘﻢ ادﺧﺎل اﺣﻤﺎل اﻟﻜﻤﺮات آﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ ‪-:‬‬
‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر اﻟﻜﻤﺮات‬ ‫‪Assign‬‬ ‫‪Frame Loads‬‬ ‫‪Distributed‬‬

‫اﺗﺠﺎﻩ اﻟﺤﻤﻞ‬
‫ﻗﻴﻤﺔ اﻟﺤﻤﻞ اﻟﻤﻮزع‬
‫‪ -4‬اﻟﺠﻤﻊ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺣﺎﻻت اﻟﺘﺤﻤﻴﻞ ‪-:‬‬
‫‪Define‬‬ ‫‪Combinations‬‬ ‫‪Add New Combo‬‬


‫ﻣﻠﺤﻮﻇﺔ‬
‫ ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻌﻴﻴﺮ‬Ultimate ‫اذا آﺎن اﻟﺘﺼﻤﻴﻢ ﺑﺎل‬

-: ‫ اﻟﻲ‬1 ‫ ﺑﺪﻻ ﻣﻦ‬Scale Factor ‫ال‬
1.4 For Dead Loads
1.6 For Live Loads

Working Ultimate
‫ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻘﺴﻴﻢ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺎت ﻟﺰﻳﺎدة دﻗﺔ اﻟﺤﻞ‬

-: ‫ ﺗﻘﺴﻴﻢ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺎت‬-5
‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺎت‬ Edit Edit Areas Divide Areas
-: ‫ﻓﺘﻈﻬﺮ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﻪ اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬
Eng.\ Ayman Abdel-Salam El-Zohiery


‫ﺗﻘﺴﻴﻢ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺎت ﻟﻌﺪد ﻓﻲ اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ‪X & Y‬‬
‫ﻟﺘﻘﺴﻴﻢ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺎت اﻟﻲ اﺟﺰاء ذات اﺑﻌﺎد ﻣﻌﻴﻨﻪ‬
‫ﺗﻘﺴﻴﻢ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺎت ﻋﻠﻲ ﺣﺴﺐ ال‪Grids‬‬
‫ﻣﻠﺤﻮﻇﻪ هﺎﻣﻪ ‪-:‬‬

‫اﻟﻜﻤﺮات ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻘﺴﻴﻤﻬﺎ ﺗﻠﻘﺎﺋﻴﺎ ﻋﻠﻲ ﺣﺴﺐ‬
‫اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺎت‬

‫‪Analyze‬‬ ‫‪Set Analysis options‬‬
‫ﻳﺘﻢ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ‪Plane Grid‬‬
‫وﻳﺘﻢ اﻟﺤﻞ ﺑﻌﺪ ذﻟﻚ )‪. (Run‬‬

-: ‫* اﻇﻬﺎر اﻟﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ‬
1- Deformed Shape :-
Display Show Deformed Shape
( F6 ‫) او اﻟﻀﻐﻂ ﻋﻠﻲ‬
‫اﻇﻬﺎر اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺄ اﻻﺻﻠﻲ‬
2- Straining Actions :-
Display Show Forces/Stresses Frames/Cables ‫اﻇﻬﺎر ﻧﺘﺎﺋﺞ اﻟﻜﻤﺮات‬
Shells ‫اﻇﻬﺎر ﻧﺘﺎﺋﺞ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺔ‬

‫اﻇﻬﺎر اﻟﻌﺰوم ﻋﻠﻲ اﻟﻜﻤﺮات ‪-:‬‬ ‫اﻇﻬﺎر ال ‪ Reactions‬ﻋﻠﻲ اﻻﻋﻤﺪﻩ‪-:‬‬
‫وﻳﺘﻢ اﻇﻬﺎر ال ‪ Beams‬ﻓﻲ ال ‪3D‬‬
‫اﻇﻬﺎر ﻗﻴﻢ‬
‫اﻟﻌﺰوم‬
‫اﻇﻬﺎر اﻟﻌﺰوم ﻋﻠﻲ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺔ ‪ -:‬ﻳﺘﻢ اﻇﻬﺎر اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺔ ﻓﻲ ال ‪X-Y Plan‬‬
‫‪M11‬‬ ‫ﻹﻳﺠﺎد اﻟﺘﺴﻠﻴﺢ ﻓﻲ اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ‪X-Axis‬‬

‫‪M22‬‬ ‫ﻹﻳﺠﺎد اﻟﺘﺴﻠﻴﺢ ﻓﻲ اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ‪Y-Axis‬‬
‫اﻟﻌﺰوم ﺗﻜﻮن ﻋﻠﻲ ﺷﻜﻞ ‪ Contour Lines‬وﻳﺘﻢ اﻟﺘﻌﺮف ﻋﻠﻲ ﻗﻴﻢ اﻟﻌﺰوم ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل ﺷﺮﻳﻂ اﻻﻟﻮان اﻟﻤﻮﺟﻮد اﺳﻔﻞ‬
‫اﻟﺸﺎﺷﺔ ﻓﻜﻞ ﻟﻮن ﻳﻌﺒﺮ ﻋﻦ ‪ Range‬ﻣﻌﻴﻦ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻌﺰوم ‪.‬‬
‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ﺣﺎﻟﺔ اﻟﺘﺤﻤﻴﻞ‬
‫‪M11‬‬
‫ادﺧﺎل ﻗﻴﻢ اﻟﺘﺼﻤﻴﻢ‬
‫ﺗﻮزﻳﻊ اﻟﻌﺰوم ﻋﻠﻲ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺔ‬

‫ﻳﺘﻢ ﻓﺮض ﺣﺪﻳﺪ ﻣﻌﻴﻦ ﻟﻴﺘﻢ ﻓﺮﺷﻪ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺔ وﻟﻴﻜﻦ ‪ 6‬اﺳﻴﺎخ ﻗﻄﺮ ‪ 10‬ﻣﻢ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﺘﺮ ‪.‬‬
‫‪As = 6 * 0.785 = 4.71 cm2‬‬ ‫‪Ts=12 cm‬‬
‫) ) ‪As = ( M / ( fy * j * d‬‬ ‫‪M=1.34 t.m‬‬
‫ﻳﺘﻢ ادﺧﺎل هﺬﻩ اﻟﻘﻴﻤﺔ ) ‪ 1.34‬و ‪ ( -1.34‬ﻓﻲ ال ‪ Max & Min Range‬وﻳﺘﻢ ﻣﻼﺣﻈﺔ اﻟﻤﻨﺎﻃﻖ اﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺤﺘﺎج ﺣﺪﻳﺪ‬
‫اﺿﺎﻓﻲ ‪.‬‬
‫وﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻜﺮار ﻧﻔﺲ اﻟﺨﻄﻮات ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ ‪M22‬‬
‫ﻟﺘﺼﺪﻳﺮ ال ‪ Reactions‬اﻟﻲ ال ‪-: Excel‬‬
‫‪File‬‬ ‫‪Export‬‬ ‫‪Sap2000 MS Excel Spreadsheet.xls File‬‬
‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ﺣﺎﻟﺔ اﻟﺘﺤﻤﻴﻞ‬
‫ﻓﺘﺢ اﻟﻤﻠﻒ ﺑﻌﺪ اﻟﺘﺼﺪﻳﺮ‬

‫اﻇﻬﺎر‬
‫ال‪Reactions‬‬
‫ﻓﺘﻈﻬﺮ ﺷﺎﺷﺔ ال ‪ Excel‬وﻓﻴﻬﺎ ال ‪ Reactions‬ﻟﻴﺘﻢ ﺗﺼﻤﻴﻢ اﻻﻋﻤﺪة ﺑﻌﺪ ذﻟﻚ ‪.‬‬

Analysis Of Solid And Flat Slab
For Slab:-
ts = 12 cm Solid
ts = 20 cm Flat
For Beam:-
b = 12 cm t = 60 cm
b = 25 cm t = 60 cm

Required :-
1- Design Of Slab
2- Design Of Beams
3- Design Of Columns
Solid Slab
Flat Slab
Statically System
‫‪ -1‬ادﺧﺎل اﻻﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎت ‪-:‬‬
‫‪X = 0 -1.75 - 4.375 – 6 - 8.5 -11.875 -13.375 -15 -‬‬
‫‪15.75 -16.5‬‬
‫‪Y = 0 - 0.75 -1.5 - 4.25 - 5.5 - 7.1 - 7.75 –8.25 - 9 -12‬‬
‫‪Z=0‬‬

‫)ﻗﻄﺎﻋﺎت اﻟﻜﻤﺮات(‬ ‫)ﻗﻄﺎﻋﺎت اﻟﺒﻼﻃﻪ(‬
‫‪Define‬‬ ‫‪Frame Sections‬‬ ‫‪Define‬‬ ‫‪Area Sections‬‬
‫‪ -1‬ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﻗﻄﺎع ‪12*60‬ﻟﻠﻜﻤﺮات اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻮﻳﻪ‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﻗﻄﺎﻋﻴﻦ آﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ ‪-:‬‬
‫‪ -2‬وآﺬﻟﻚ ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﻗﻄﺎع ‪ 25*60‬ﻟﻠﻜﻤﺮات اﻟﺮﺋﻴﺴﻴﻪ‬ ‫‪Solid‬‬ ‫‪ts = 12cm‬‬
‫‪ -3‬وآﺬﻟﻚ ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﻗﻄﺎع اﻟﻜﻤﺮات اﻟﻮهﻤﻴﺔ‪0.001x0.001‬‬ ‫‪Flat‬‬ ‫‪ts = 20cm‬‬

For Slab :- For Frames :- -: ‫ رﺳﻢ اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺄ‬-3
Draw Quick draw Area Draw Draw Frame\cable\tendom

Draw poly area
‫رﺳﻢ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﻪ ﺑﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﻴﺔ ﺛﻼث ﻧﻘﺎط او اآﺜﺮ‬ Frame Element
Draw Rectangular Area
‫رﺳﻢ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﻪ ﺑﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﻴﺔ ﻧﻘﻄﺘﻴﻦ‬ Quick Frame
Quick Draw Area
-: ‫ ﻟﻼﻋﻤﺪة‬Group ‫ﻋﻤﻞ‬
‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر اﻻﻋﻤﺪة‬ Assign Assign To Group Add New Group
‫ ﻟﻼﻋﻤﺪة وذﻟﻚ ﻟﺴﻬﻮﻟﺔ اﺧﺘﻴﺎرهﺎ‬Group ‫ﺗﻢ ﻋﻤﻞ‬
‫اﺳﻢ اﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ‬
-: ‫ﺑﻌﺪ ذﻟﻚ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل‬
Select Select Groups

Group ‫وﻳﺘﻢ اﺳﺘﺨﺪام اﺳﻢ ال‬

‫ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻒ اﻻﻋﻤﺪة ‪-:‬‬
‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ﻣﻜﺎن اﻻﻋﻤﺪة ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل‬ ‫‪Assign‬‬ ‫‪Joint‬‬ ‫‪Restraints‬‬
‫‪Select‬‬ ‫‪Select‬‬ ‫‪Groups‬‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻒ اﻻﻋﻤﺪة ﻋﻠﻲ اﻧﻬﺎ ‪Hinges‬‬
‫ﻳﺘﻢ اﺳﺘﺨﺪام اﻟﻜﻤﺮات اﻟﻮهﻤﻴﻪ ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﻟﻞ ‪ Flat Slab‬وذﻟﻚ‬

‫ﻻدﺧﺎل اﺣﻤﺎل اﻟﺤﻮاﺋﻂ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﺣﻴﺚ ان اﻟﻮﺳﻴﻠﻪ اﻟﻮﺣﻴﺪﻩ ﻻدﺧﺎل‬
‫اﺣﻤﺎل اﻟﺤﻮاﺋﻂ هﻲ وﺟﻮد آﻤﺮات ‪.‬‬
‫‪Flat Slab‬‬

‫آﻤﺎ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﻪ اﻟﺴﺎﺑﻘﻪ‬

‫ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻘﺴﻴﻢ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺎت ﻟﺰﻳﺎدة دﻗﺔ اﻟﺤﻞ‬
‫ﺗﻘﺴﻴﻢ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺎت ‪-:‬‬
‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺎت‬ ‫‪Edit‬‬ ‫‪Edit Areas‬‬ ‫‪Divide Areas‬‬
‫‪ -1‬ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻘﺴﻴﻢ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺎت اﻟﻤﺼﻤﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺑﻌﺎد ‪0.5x0.5‬‬

‫‪ -2‬ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻘﺴﻴﻢ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺎت اﻟﻼآﻤﺮﻳﻪ ﺑﺎﺑﻌﺎد ‪0.3x0.3‬‬
‫وذﻟﻚ ﻟﻌﺪم وﺟﻮد ‪ Continuity‬ﺑﻴﻦ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺎت اﻟﻤﺼﻤﻄﻪ‬

‫واﻟﻼآﻤﺮﻳﻪ‪.‬‬

‫‪Analyze‬‬ ‫‪Run Analysis or F5 or‬‬

‫‪M11‬‬ ‫‪M22‬‬
‫ﻋﺮض اﻟﻌﺰوم ﻋﻠﻲ اﻟﻜﻤﺮات ‪-:‬‬
‫‪View‬‬ ‫‪Set 3D View‬‬
‫زواﻳﺎ اﻟﺮؤﻳﺔ‬
‫اﻟﻜﻤﺮات اﻟﺮاﺳﻴﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻜﻤﺮات اﻻﻓﻘﻴﺔ‬

-: Excel ‫ اﻟﻲ ال‬Reactions ‫ﻟﺘﺼﺪﻳﺮ ال‬
File Export Sap2000 MS Excel Spreadsheet.xls File

‫‪) Foundation‬اﻻﺳـــــﺎﺳـــــــــﺎت(‬
‫اﻧﻮاع اﻻﺳــﺎﺳــــﺎت‬
‫‪Shallow Foundation‬‬ ‫‪Deep Foundation‬‬

‫اﺳﺎﺳﺎت ﺳﻄﺤﻴﻪ‬ ‫اﺳﺎﺳﺎت ﻋﻤﻴﻘﻪ‬
‫‪- Footing‬‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻮاﻋﺪ‬ ‫‪- Piles‬‬ ‫اﻟﺨﻮازﻳﻖ‬
‫‪- Raft‬‬ ‫اﻟﻠﺒﺸﻪ‬

‫آﻴﻔﻴﺔ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ﻧﻮع اﻻﺳﺎس ‪-:‬‬
‫‪<0.67‬‬ ‫‪Footing‬‬
‫وزن اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺎ‬ ‫‪Stress‬‬
‫=‪Stress‬‬
‫ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺔ اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺎ‬ ‫‪B\C‬‬ ‫‪0.67< -- <1.0 Raft‬‬
‫‪>1.0 Piles‬‬

Analysis Of Raft
Design The Raft Under

The Shown Loads :-
t = 80 cm
B \ C = 1.25 kg\cm2
-: ‫ﻳﺘﻢ ادﺧﺎل اﻻﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎت آﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ‬

X = 0 – 4.26 – 5.88 – 8.5 – 11.88 – 14.76 – 15.76
Y = 0 – 1.24 – 3.9 – 5.12 – 7.4 – 8.0 – 8.62 –10.84
Z=0
‫‪ -‬رﺳﻢ اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺄ‬ ‫)ﻗﻄﺎﻋﺎت اﻟﺒﻼﻃﻪ(‬ ‫‪ -‬ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ اﻟﻘﻄﺎﻋﺎت ‪-:‬‬
‫‪Draw‬‬ ‫‪Quick draw Area‬‬ ‫‪* Define Of Slab Section :-‬‬
‫‪Draw poly area‬‬ ‫‪Define‬‬ ‫‪Area Sections‬‬

‫رﺳﻢ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﻪ ﺑﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﻴﺔ اآﺜﺮ ﻣﻦ ﺛﻼث ﻧﻘﺎط‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﻗﻄﺎع آﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ ‪-:‬‬
‫‪Draw Rectangular Area‬‬ ‫‪Raft‬‬ ‫‪ts = 80cm‬‬
‫رﺳﻢ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﻪ ﺑﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﻴﺔ ﻧﻘﻄﺘﻴﻦ‬
‫‪Quick Draw Area‬‬ ‫ﺣﻴﺚ ﻳﺨﺼﺺ ﻟﻜﻞ دور ‪ 10‬ﺳﻢ‬
‫‪For Joint Load :-‬‬ ‫ادﺧﺎل اﻻﺣﻤﺎل ‪-:‬‬

‫وﻳﺘﻢ ادﺧﺎل ﻗﻴﻤﺔ اﻟﺤﻤﻞ ﻓﻲ اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ‪ Z‬ﺑﺎﻟﺴﺎﻟﺐ وهﺬﻩ اﻻﺣﻤﺎل ﻋﺒﺎرة ﻋﻦ ‪ Total Reaction‬ﻟﻼﻋﻤﺪة‬
‫‪1- Divide of Slab :-‬‬ ‫ﺗﻘﺴﻴﻢ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺔ ‪-:‬‬
‫‪Edit‬‬ ‫‪Edit Areas‬‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻘﺴﻢ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺎت اﻟﻲ اﺟﺰاء‪ 0.50x0.50‬ﻣﺜﻼ ‪Divide Area‬‬
‫ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻒ اﻟﺘﺮﺑﺔ ‪-:‬‬

‫ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻒ اﻟﺘﺮﺑﺔ ﻋﻠﻲ اﻧﻬﺎ ‪ Spring Support‬وﺗﻜﻮن ﻗﻴﻤﺔ ال ‪ K‬ﻟﻞ ‪ Spring‬آﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ ‪-:‬‬
K = 1000 * B \ C * Area Of Mesh
B\C :---------- .(Kg\cm2) ‫اﻟﺠﻬﺪ اﻟﺼﺎﻓﻲ ﻟﻠﺘﺮﺑﻪ‬

Area Mesh------------- (0.50x0.50) m2‫ ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺔ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺎت اﻟﺼﻐﻴﺮﻩ‬K------Spring Stiffness (t\m)
-: Spring ‫ادﺧﺎل ال‬

Joint ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر آﻞ ال‬ Assign Joint Springs K ‫ادﺧﺎل ﻗﻴﻤﺔ ال‬
Translation 3 ‫ ﺑﻘﻴﻤﺔ ﻣﻮﺟﺒﺔ ﻓﻲ‬Spring ‫ ﻟﻞ‬K ‫ﻳﺘﻢ ادﺧﺎل ﻗﻴﻤﺔ ال‬
-: ‫* اﻟﺤﻞ وإﻇﻬﺎر اﻟﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ‬

Analyze Set Analysis options ‫ﻓﺘﻈﻬﺮ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﺔ اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬
Plane Grid ‫ﻳﺘﻢ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر‬
Analyze Run Analysis or F5 or
. ‫ ﻟﻴﻘﻮم اﻟﺒﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ ﺑﺎﻟﺤﻞ‬Run Now ‫ﻓﺘﻈﻬﺮ ﺷﺎﺷﺔ ﻳﺘﻢ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر‬

‫ﻳﺘﻢ اﻇﻬﺎر اﻟﻠﺒﺸﺔ ﻓﻲ ال ‪X-Y Plan‬‬ ‫اﻇﻬﺎر اﻟﻌﺰوم ﻋﻠﻲ اﻟﻠﺒﺸﺔ ‪-:‬‬
‫‪M11‬‬ ‫ﻹﻳﺠﺎد اﻟﺘﺴﻠﻴﺢ ﻓﻲ اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ‪X-Axis‬‬
‫‪M22‬‬ ‫ﻹﻳﺠﺎد اﻟﺘﺴﻠﻴﺢ ﻓﻲ اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ‪Y-Axis‬‬

‫وﻳﺘﻢ اﻟﺘﺼﻤﻴﻢ آﻤﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺎت آﻤﺎ ﺳﺒﻖ ‪.‬‬
‫‪Check Of Soil :-‬‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ اﻳﺠﺎد اﻗﺼﻲ ‪ Reaction‬ﻣﻮﺟﻮد ﻋﻠﻲ ال ‪ Springs‬ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل ال ‪-: Excel‬‬
‫‪Stress = Max. Reaction / Area Of Mesh < B / C‬‬

‫وإذا آﺎن ‪ Unsafe‬ﻳﺘﻢ زﻳﺎدة ﺳﻤﻚ اﻟﻠﺒﺸﺔ ﻟﺰﻳﺎدة اﻟﺠﺴﺎءة‬
‫‪For Raft On Piles :-‬‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺴﺒﻪ ﻟﻠﺒﺸﻪ اﻟﻤﺮﺗﻜﺰﻩ ﻋﻠﻲ ﺧﻮازﻳﻖ وآﺬﻟﻚ هﺎﻣﺎت اﻟﺨﻮازﻳﻖ‬
‫ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻜﺮار ﻧﻔﺲ اﻟﺨﻄﻮات اﻟﺴﺎﺑﻘﺔ وﻟﻜﻦ ﻳﺘﻢ وﺿﻊ ال ‪ Springs‬ﻋﺒﺪ اﻣﺎآﻦ اﻟﺨﻮازﻳﻖ ﻓﻘﻂ ‪.‬‬
‫ﺣﻴﺚ ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻒ اﻟﺨﻮازﻳﻖ ﻋﻠﻲ اﻧﻬﺎ ‪ Spring Support‬وﺗﻜﻮن ﻗﻴﻤﺔ ال ‪ K‬ﻟﻞ ‪ Spring‬آﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ ‪-:‬‬
‫‪E‬‬ ‫)‪Modulus Of Elasticity Of Concrete (t/m2‬‬ ‫‪K=EA/L‬‬

‫‪A‬‬ ‫)‪Pile Cross-Section (m2‬‬
‫‪L‬‬ ‫)‪Pile Length (m‬‬
‫وﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﺤﺪﻳﺪ ال ‪ Reactions‬ﻓﻲ ال ‪ Springs‬وﻻﺑﺪ اﻻ ﺗﺰﻳﺪ ﻋﻦ ﻗﺪرة ﺗﺤﻤﻞ اﻟﺨﺎزوق ‪.‬‬

Analysis Of Plates
‫اﻻﻋﻤﺪة‬ For Slab:-

ts = 20 cm
For Beam:-
b = 25 cm t = 60 cm
File New Model
Grid Only ‫ﻳﺘﻢ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر‬
-: ‫ﻓﺘﻈﻬﺮ ﺷﺎﺷﻪ ﻳﺘﻢ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ﻧﻈﺎم اﻻﺣﺪاﺛﻲ اﻟﺠﺪﻳﺪ‬

‫ﻟﻌﺪم اﻇﻬﺎر ﺗﺮﻗﻴﻢ ﻟﻼﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎت‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ ادﺧﺎل اﻻﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎت آﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ ‪-:‬‬
‫اﻟﻨﻈﺎم اﻻﺣﺪاﺛﻲ اﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺪم‬
‫ﻋﺪد اﻟﺘﻘﺴﻴﻤﺎت‬
‫ادﺧﺎل رﻗﻢ ﺻﻐﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺎﻓﺎت اﻟﺘﻘﺴﻴﻢ‬

‫‪ -‬ﻗﻄﺎﻋﺎت اﻟﻜﻤﺮات ‪-:‬‬
‫‪Define‬‬ ‫‪Frame Sections‬‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﻗﻄﺎع ‪25*60‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﻗﻄﺎﻋﺎت اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺔ ‪-:‬‬
‫‪Define‬‬ ‫‪Area Sections‬‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﺗﺨﺎﻧﺘﺔ ‪20 cm‬‬

‫‪For Slab :-‬‬ ‫‪For Frames :-‬‬ ‫‪ -3‬رﺳﻢ اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺄ ‪-:‬‬
‫‪Draw‬‬ ‫‪Quick draw Area‬‬ ‫‪Draw‬‬ ‫‪Draw Frame\cable\tendom‬‬

‫‪Draw poly area‬‬
‫رﺳﻢ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﻪ ﺑﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﻴﺔ ﺛﻼث ﻧﻘﺎط او اآﺜﺮ‬ ‫‪Frame Element‬‬
‫‪Draw Rectangular Area‬‬
‫رﺳﻢ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﻪ ﺑﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﻴﺔ ﻧﻘﻄﺘﻴﻦ‬ ‫‪Quick Frame‬‬
‫‪Quick Draw Area‬‬
‫ﻣﻠﺤﻮﻇﻪ هﺎﻣﻪ ‪ -:‬ﻣﻦ اﻟﻤﻤﻜﻦ رﺳﻢ ﺟﺰء ﻣﻦ اﻟﻜﻤﺮات واﻟﺒﻼﻃﺎت ﺛﻢ ﻋﻤﻞ ﻣﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ ‪-:‬‬
‫‪ -1‬ﻳﺘﻢ ﺿﺒﻂ اﻟﻤﺤﺎور اﻟﻤﺤﻠﻴﺔ ‪ Local Axis‬ﻟﻠﺠﺰء ﻣﻦ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺔ اﻟﺬي ﺗﻢ رﺳﻤﺔ آﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ ‪-:‬‬
‫‪ -‬اﻟﻤﺤﻮر ) ‪ ( 3‬ﻳﻜﻮن ﻋﻤﻮدي ﻋﻠﻲ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺔ وﻻﻋﻠﻲ ‪-:‬‬
‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر اﻟﺒﻼﻃﻪ‬ ‫‪Assign‬‬ ‫‪Area‬‬ ‫‪Reverse Local 3‬‬
‫‪ -‬اﻟﻤﺤﻮر ) ‪ ( 1‬ﻳﻜﻮن ﻓﻲ اﺗﺠﺎة ال ‪-: Radial Direction‬‬
‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر اﻟﺒﻼﻃﻪ‬ ‫‪Assign‬‬ ‫‪Area‬‬ ‫‪Local Axis‬‬ ‫وﻳﺘﻢ ادﺧﺎل زاوﻳﺔ اﻟﻤﻴﻞ ‪ 15‬درﺟﻪ‬
‫ﺗﻢ ﻋﻤﻞ ذﻟﻚ ﺣﺘﻲ ﺗﻜﻮن اﻟﻌﺰوم اﻟﻨﺎﺗﺠﻪ ﻓﻲ اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ال ‪Radial & Tangential‬‬

‫‪ -2‬ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻜﺮار هﺬا اﻟﺠﺰء ﻣﻦ اﻟﻜﻤﺮات واﻟﺒﻼﻃﺎت آﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ ‪Radial Replicate -:‬‬
‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر اﻟﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮ‬ ‫‪Edit‬‬ ‫‪Replicate‬‬
‫ﻓﺘﻈﻬﺮ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﻪ اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﻪ‬
‫ﻳﺘﻢ ﻋﻤﻞ ﺗﻜﺮار ﻟﻜﻞ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻜﻤﺮات وآﺬﻟﻚ‬

‫اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺎت ﺣﻮل ﻣﺤﻮر ‪ Z-Axis‬ﻋﺪد ‪11‬‬
‫ﻋﺪد ﻣﺮات‬
‫ﻧﺴﺨﻪ آﻞ ‪ 30‬درﺟﻪ‪.‬‬
‫اﻟﺘﻜﺮار‬
‫ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻒ اﻻﻋﻤﺪة ﻋﻠﻲ اﻧﻬﺎ ‪Hinges‬‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻒ اﻻﻋﻤﺪة ‪-:‬‬

‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ﻣﻜﺎن اﻻﻋﻤﺪة‬ ‫‪Assign‬‬ ‫‪Joint‬‬ ‫‪Restraints‬‬
‫آﻤﺎ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺎت اﻟﺴﺎﺑﻘﻪ‬

‫* اﻟﺤﻞ وإﻇﻬﺎر اﻟﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ ‪-:‬‬
‫‪Analyze‬‬ ‫‪Run Analysis or F5 or‬‬
‫اﻇﻬﺎر اﻟﻌﺰوم ﻋﻠﻲ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺔ ‪-:‬‬

‫‪M11‬‬ ‫ﻹﻳﺠﺎد اﻟﺘﺴﻠﻴﺢ ﻓﻲ اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ‪Radial‬‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ اﻇﻬﺎر اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺔ ﻓﻲ ال ‪X-Y Plan‬‬
‫وﻳﺘﻢ اﻟﺘﺼﻤﻴﻢ آﻤﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺎت آﻤﺎ ﺳﺒﻖ ‪.‬‬
‫‪M22‬‬ ‫ﻹﻳﺠﺎد اﻟﺘﺴﻠﻴﺢ ﻓﻲ اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ‪Tangential‬‬
‫‪Eng.\ Ayman Abdel-Salam El-Zohiery‬‬

‫‪Eng_A_Zohiery@yahoo.com‬‬

Plate Examples :-

‫ﻣﻠﺤﻮﻇﻪ هﺎﻣﻪ ‪ -:‬ﻻﺿﺎﻓﺔ ﻧﻈﺎم اﺣﺪاﺛﻲ ‪ Cylindrical‬اﻟﻲ اﻟﻨﻈﺎم ‪ Cartesian‬آﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ ‪-:‬‬
‫‪ -1‬ﻳﺘﻢ ادﺧﺎل اﻟﻨﻈﺎم اﻟﻤﺘﻌﺎﻣﺪ ﻋﺎدي )‪ (X & Y‬ﻃﺒﻘﺎ ﻟﻠﺮﺳﻢ اﻟﻤﻮﺟﻮد ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -2‬ﻳﺘﻢ ﻋﻤﻞ ﻧﻈﺎم اﺣﺪاﺛﻲ ﺟﺪﻳﺪ آﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ ‪-:‬‬
‫‪Define‬‬ ‫‪Coordinate Systems\Grids‬‬ ‫‪Add New System‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﺤﺪﻳﺪ ﻣﺮآﺰ اﻟﻨﻈﺎم اﻻﺣﺪاﺛﻲ اﻟﺠﺪﻳﺪ ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺴﺒﻪ ﻟﻤﺮآﺰ اﻟﻨﻈﺎم اﻟﻘﺪﻳﻢ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل ادﺧﺎل ﻗﻴﻢ ‪. X & Y & Z‬‬
‫ﺗﻈﻬﺮ ﺷﺎﺷﺔ اﻻﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎت ﻟﻴﺘﻢ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر‬

Example :-
For Slab:-
ts = 12 cm Solid
For Beam:-
b = 25 cm t = 60 cm

Required :-
1- Design Of Slab
2- Design Of Beams
3- Design Of Columns

Types Of Stairs
1- Two flight stairs :-
1.50
‫ﻣﻨﺴﻮب ﻧﺼﻒ اﻟﺪور‬
1.50
3.00
‫ﻣﻨﺴﻮب اﻟﺪور‬
0.00
2- Three flight stairs :-
1.05
1.95
(1.95) ‫ﻣﻨﺴﻮب‬ (1.05) ‫ﻣﻨﺴﻮب‬
(0.00) ‫ﻣﻨﺴﻮب‬
0.00
3.00
(3.00) ‫ﻣﻨﺴﻮب‬

3- Helical Stairs :-
For Slab:-
ts = 20 cm
-: ‫ اﻻﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎت‬-1
-: ‫ ﻳﺘﻢ ادﺧﺎل اﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎت آﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ‬-1
X 0,2,4 Y 0 Z 0
-: ‫ ﻋﻠﻲ اﻗﺼﻲ ﻳﻤﻴﻦ اﻻﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎت آﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ‬Frame Element ‫ ﻳﺘﻢ رﺳﻢ‬-2

‫‪ -3‬ﻳﺘﻢ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ال ‪ Frame Element‬ﺛﻢ ‪-:‬‬
‫‪Edit‬‬ ‫‪Extrude‬‬ ‫‪Extrude Lines To Areas‬‬
‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ‪Radial‬‬
‫ﻟﺘﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﺗﺨﺎﻧﺔ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﻪ‬
‫ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻒ اﻟﺮآﺎﺋﺰ‪ -:‬ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻒ اﻟﺮآﺎﺋﺰ ﻋﻠﻲ اﻧﻬﺎ ‪Hinges‬‬

‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ﻣﻜﺎن اﻟﺮآﺎﺋﺰ‬ ‫‪Assign‬‬ ‫‪Joint‬‬ ‫‪Restraints‬‬
‫اﻟﺴﻠﻢ ﻣﺮﺗﻜﺰ ﻣﻦ ﺑﺪاﻳﺘﻪ ﻋﻠﻲ ﺳﻘﻒ اﻟﺪور اﻟﺴﻔﻠﻲ وﻣﺮﺗﻜﺰ ﻣﻦ ﻧﻬﺎﻳﺘﻪ ﻋﻠﻲ ﺳﻘﻒ اﻟﺪور اﻟﻌﻠﻮي‬
‫وﺑﺎﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ ال ‪ Reactions‬اﻟﻤﻮﺟﻮدة ﻋﻠﻲ ال ‪supports‬ﻳﺘﻢ وﺿﻌﻬﺎ ﻋﻠﻲ ﺑﻼﻃﺔ اﻟﺪور‬
‫آﻤﺎ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺎت اﻟﺴﺎﺑﻘﻪ‬

‫* ﺑﻌﺪ اﻟﺤﻞ ﻳﺘﻢ إﻇﻬﺎر اﻟﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ ‪-:‬‬
‫‪View‬‬ ‫‪Set 3D View‬‬ ‫ﻓﺘﻈﻬﺮ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﺔ اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬
‫اﻇﻬﺎر اﻟﺴﻠﻢ ﻓﻲ‬

‫ال ‪Plane‬‬
‫اﻟﻌﺰوم ﻋﻠﻲ اﻟﺴﻠﻢ‬
‫ﻣﻼﺣﻈﺎت ‪-:‬‬
‫اﻇﻬﺎر اﻟﻤﻄﻠﻮب ﻃﺒﺎﻋﺘﻪ ﻏﻠﻲ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﺔ‬ ‫‪File‬‬ ‫‪Print Graphics‬‬ ‫ﻟﻄﺒﺎﻋﺔ اﻟﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ ﻳﻜﻮن ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل ‪:‬‬
‫ﻟﺘﺤﻮﻳﻞ ال ‪ Deformed Shape‬اﻟﻲ ﻣﻠﻒ ‪Video‬‬

‫اﻇﻬﺎر ال ‪Deformed Shape‬‬ ‫‪File‬‬ ‫‪Create Video‬‬ ‫‪Create Cyclic Animation Video‬‬
Elevated Tank :-
- For the given tank :-
Dom ts = 15cm
Cylinder ts = 20cm
Cone ts = 25cm
Ring Beam 25x70cm
Column 30x80cm
Foundation Plate ts = 100cm

‫‪ -1‬ﻳﺘﻢ ﻋﻤﻞ ‪ Plate‬ﻧﺼﻒ ﻗﻄﺮﻩ ‪ 3.50m‬وﻳﺘﻢ ادﺧﺎل اﻻﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎت آﻤﺎ هﻮ واﺿﺢ ‪-:‬‬
‫اﻻﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎت‬
‫‪ -2‬ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻌﺮف اﻟﻘﻄﺎﻋﺎت ‪-:‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﻗﻄﺎﻋﺎت اﻻﻋﻤﺪﻩ واﻟﻜﻤﺮات ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﻗﻄﺎﻋﺎت اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺎت اﻟﻤﻮﺿﺤﻪ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺼﻔﺤﻪ اﻟﺴﺎﺑﻘﻪ ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -3‬ﻳﺘﻢ رﺳﻢ ال ‪ Plate‬وﻳﺘﻢ ﺿﺒﻂ ال ‪Local Axis‬آﻤﺎ ﺳﺒﻖ ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -4‬ﻳﺘﻢ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ال ‪ Joint‬ﻋﻨﺪ اﻣﺎآﻦ اﻻﻋﻤﺪﻩ ‪.‬‬

‫‪ -5‬ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﺤﻮﻳﻞ هﺬﻩ ال ‪Joint‬اﻟﻲ ‪ Frame Element‬آﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ ‪-:‬‬
‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ال ‪Joint‬‬ ‫‪Edit‬‬ ‫‪Extrude‬‬ ‫‪Extrude points to Frames‬‬
‫ﻓﺘﻈﻬﺮ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﻪ اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﻪ‬
‫اﺳﻢ ﻗﻄﺎع اﻻﻋﻤﺪﻩ‬

‫‪ -‬ﻣﻠﺤﻮﻇﻪ ‪-:‬‬
‫ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﺿﺮب اﻟﻌﻤﻮد ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل ‪-:‬‬
‫ﻓﻲ اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ‪ Z‬ﻣﺴﺎﻓﻪ ‪4.00m‬‬
‫ﻋﺪد اﻟﻨﺴﺦ )‪(1‬‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر اﻟﻌﻤﻮد‬ ‫‪Assign‬‬ ‫‪Frame‬‬ ‫‪Local Axis‬‬
‫ﻳﺘﻢ ادﺧﺎل زاوﻳﺔ اﻟﺘﻐﻴﻴﺮ ‪ 90‬درﺟﻪ ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -6‬ﻳﺘﻢ اﺳﺘﺪﻋﺎء ال ‪ Dom‬ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل ال ‪ Template‬آﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ ‪-:‬‬

‫‪Edit‬‬ ‫‪Add to Model From Template‬‬
‫‪ -‬وﻳﺘﻢ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ‪ Shell‬ﻟﺘﻈﻬﺮ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﻪ اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﻪ ‪-:‬‬

‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ‪Dom‬‬
‫ﻗﻄﺎع اﻟﻘﺒﻪ‬
‫ﻣﻜﺎن ال ‪Dom‬‬ ‫ﺧﺼﺎﺋﺺ ال ‪Dom‬‬
‫‪ -7‬ﻳﺘﻢ رﺳﻢ ال ‪ Ring Beam‬ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل اﻣﺮ ‪. Frame Element‬‬

‫‪ -8‬ﻳﺘﻢ ﺣﺬف اﻟﺠﺰء اﻻﺧﻴﺮ ﻣﻦ ال ‪. Dom‬‬
‫‪ -9‬ﻳﺘﻢ اﺳﺘﺪﻋﺎء ال ‪ Cylinder‬ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل ال ‪ Template‬آﻤﺎ ﺳﺒﻖ ‪-:‬‬
‫‪Edit‬‬ ‫‪Add to Model From Template‬‬
‫‪ -‬وﻳﺘﻢ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ‪ Shell‬ﻟﺘﻈﻬﺮ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﻪ اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﻪ ‪-:‬‬

‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ‪Cylinder‬‬
‫ﻗﻄﺎع اﻻﺳﻄﻮاﻧﻪ‬
‫ﻣﻜﺎن ال ‪Cylinder‬‬ ‫ﺧﺼﺎﺋﺺ ال ‪Cylinder‬‬
‫‪ -10‬ﻳﺘﻢ رﺳﻢ ال ‪ Cone‬آﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ ‪-:‬‬

‫‪ -‬اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ﻧﻘﻄﻪ اﺳﻔﻞ ﺣﺮف اﻟﻘﺒﻪ ﺑﺤﻴﺚ ﺗﻜﻮن ﻋﻠﻲ ﻣﺤﻮر ‪. X-Axis‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﺤﻮﻳﻞ هﺬﻩ اﻟﻨﻘﻄﻪ اﻟﻲ ﺧﻂ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل ‪:‬‬
‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ال ‪Joint‬‬ ‫‪Edit‬‬ ‫‪Extrude‬‬ ‫‪Extrude points to Frames‬‬
‫‪ Z=12.38‬وﻋﺪد اﻟﻨﺴﺦ )‪. (1‬‬ ‫‪ -‬وﻳﺘﻢ ادﺧﺎل ‪X=4‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﺤﻮﻳﻞ هﺬا اﻟﺨﻂ اﻟﻲ ﺑﻼﻃﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل ‪:‬‬
‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر اﻟﻌﻨﺼﺮ‬ ‫‪Edit‬‬ ‫‪Extrude‬‬ ‫‪Extrude Lines to Areas‬‬

‫‪ -‬ﻳﺘﻢ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ‪. Radial‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﻳﺘﻢ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ﻣﺤﻮر ‪. Z-Axis‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﻳﺘﻢ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر اﻟﺰاوﻳﻪ ‪ 30‬درﺟﻪ ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﻳﺘﻢ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ﻋﺪد اﻟﻨﺴﺦ ‪ 12‬ﻧﺴﺨﻪ ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -11‬ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻘﺴﻴﻢ ﺑﻼﻃﺎت ال ‪ Cone‬اﻟﻲ اﺟﺰاء ﺻﻐﻴﺮﻩ ﻓﻲ اﺗﺠﺎﻩ اﻻرﺗﻔﺎع ‪.‬‬

‫‪ -12‬ادﺧﺎل اﺣﻤﺎل اﻟﻤﻴﺎﻩ آﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ ‪-:‬‬
‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ال ‪ Joint‬اﻟﻤﺮاد ادﺧﺎل اﻟﺤﻤﻞ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ‬ ‫‪Assign‬‬ ‫‪Joint Patterns‬‬
‫ﻓﺘﻈﻬﺮ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﺔ اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬

‫ﻣﻠﺤﻮﻇﺔ هﺎﻣﺔ ‪-:‬‬
‫ﻻﺑﺪ ان ﻳﻜﻮن اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ‪ Local Axis 3‬ﻟﻠﺒﻼﻃﺔ‬
‫ﻋﻜﺲ اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ﺣﻤﻞ اﻟﻤﻴﺎﻩ ‪.‬‬

‫اﻟﻤﻌﺎدﻟﺔ اﻟﻤﻮﺟﻮدة داﺧﻞ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ ال ‪ Sap‬آﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ ‪-:‬‬
‫‪P = AX + BY + CZ + D‬‬
‫‪From B.C :-‬‬
‫‪C = -1‬‬ ‫‪D = 18.38‬‬
‫ادﺧﺎل ﻗﻴﻢ‬
‫اﻟﻤﻌﺎﻣﻼت‬
‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ﻧﻔﺲ ال ‪ Joint‬اﻟﺴﺎﺑﻘﻪ‬ ‫‪Assign‬‬ ‫‪Area Loads‬‬ ‫)‪Surface Pressure (All‬‬
‫ﻓﺘﻈﻬﺮ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﺔ اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬
‫اﺳﻢ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ اﻟﻀﻐﻂ اﻟﻤﻌﺮﻓﺔ‬

Tank Examples :-

‫‪From AutoCAD 2000 To SAP2000 :-‬‬
‫‪For AutoCAD :-‬‬
‫‪ -1‬ﻳﺘﻢ رﺳﻢ اﻟﻜﻤﺮات ‪ Frame Element‬ﺑﺄﻣﺮ ‪ Line‬ﻋﻠﻲ ‪ Layer‬ﻣﻌﻴﻨﻪ وﻟﻴﻜﻦ )‪(Beam‬‬
‫‪ -2‬ﻳﺘﻢ رﺳﻢ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺔ ‪ Area Element‬ﺑﺄﻣﺮ ‪ 3D Face‬ﻋﻠﻲ ‪ Layer‬ﻣﻌﻴﻨﻪ وﻟﻴﻜﻦ )‪(Shell‬‬
‫‪ -3‬ﻳﺘﻢ ﺣﻔﻆ اﻟﻤﻠﻒ ﺑﺎﻣﺘﺪاد )‪ (DXF‬ﻋﻠﻲ أي ﻣﻜﺎن ‪.‬‬
‫ﻣﻜﺎن اﻟﺤﻔﻆ‬ ‫‪File‬‬ ‫‪Save As‬‬ ‫ﻓﺘﻈﻬﺮ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﺔ اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬
‫اﺳﻢ ﻣﻠﻒ اﻟﺤﻔﻆ‬
‫اﻣﺘﺪاد ‪DXF‬‬
‫‪For SAP2000 :-‬‬
‫‪File‬‬ ‫‪Import‬‬ ‫‪AutoCAD .dxf File‬‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر اﻟﻤﻠﻒ اﻟﺬي ﺗﻢ ﺣﻔﻈﻪ ﺳﺎﺑﻘﺎ‬
‫اﻟﻤﺤﻮر اﻟﻌﻤﻮدي ﻋﻠﻲ اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺄ‬

‫ﺷﻔﺎﻓﺔ اﻟﻜﻤﺮات‬
‫اﻟﻮﺣﺪات‬ ‫ﺷﻔﺎﻓﺔ اﻟﺒﻼﻃﺎت‬

Wind Forces :-

Earthquake Forces :-

2- Response Spectrum Analysis
For the shown frame :-
Frame ‫اﻟﻤﻄﻠﻮب دراﺳﺔ اﺣﻤﺎل اﻟﺰﻻزل ﻋﻠﻲ هﺬا ال‬
Response Spectrum Analysis ‫ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪام ال‬
. ‫ آﻤﺎ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺠﺰء اﻻول‬Frame ‫ ﻳﺘﻢ رﺳﻢ ال‬-1

‫‪ -1‬ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ اﻟﺪاﻟﻪ ‪-:‬‬
‫‪Define‬‬ ‫‪Functions‬‬ ‫‪Response Spectrum‬‬
‫ﺗﻈﻬﺮ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﻪ اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﻪ ‪-:‬‬
‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر اﻟﻜﻮد اﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺪم ﻓﻲ اﻟﺘﺼﻤﻴﻢ‬
‫اﺳﻢ اﻟﺪاﻟﻪ‬
‫‪ -2‬ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ ﺗﺤﻤﻴﻞ ﺟﺪﻳﺪﻩ ‪-:‬‬

‫‪Define‬‬ ‫‪Analysis Cases‬‬ ‫‪Add new case‬‬

‫ادﺧﺎل اﺳﻢ اﻟﺤﺎﻟﻪ‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ﻧﻮع اﻟﺤﺎﻟﻪ‬
‫ﻣﻠﺤﻮﻇﻪ ‪-:‬‬
‫اذا آﺎن اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺎ ﺛﻼﺛﻲ اﻻﺑﻌﺎد ﻳﺘﻢ ادﺧﺎل اﺗﺠﺎﻩ‬

‫ﺗﺎﺛﻴﺮ اﻟﺰﻟﺰال آﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ ‪-:‬‬
‫‪U1‬‬ ‫‪Direction X-Axis‬‬

‫‪U2‬‬ ‫‪Direction Y-Axis‬‬
‫ﺗﺤﺪﻳﺪ اﺳﻢ اﻟﺪاﻟﻪ‬ ‫ﻋﺠﻠﺔ اﻟﺠﺎذﺑﻴﻪ‬
‫ﺗﺤﺪﻳﺪ اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ﺗﺎﺛﻴﺮ اﻟﺰﻟﺰال ﻋﻠﻲ اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺎ‬
‫‪ -3‬ﺣﻞ اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺎ ‪-:‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﻳﺘﻢ ﺣﻞ اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل ‪ Run‬وﻳﺘﻢ اﻇﻬﺎر اﻟﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل ‪Display -:‬‬
‫آﻤﺎ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﺴﺎﺋﻞ اﻻﺧﺮي‬

‫ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ اﻟﺮﻏﺒﻪ ﻓﻲ ادﺧﺎل داﻟﺔ ال ‪ Response Spectrum‬ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل ‪ File‬ﻣﻮﺟﻮد ﻓﻴﻪ ﺑﻴﺎﻧﺎت اﻟﺰﻟﺰال ‪.‬‬
‫‪Define‬‬ ‫‪Functions‬‬ ‫‪Response Spectrum‬‬
‫ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل ﻣﻠﻒ‬
‫ﻻﺧﺘﻴﺎر اﺳﻢ اﻟﻤﻠﻒ‬
‫‪ -‬ﻳﺘﻢ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر اﺳﻢ اﻟﻤﻠﻒ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل ‪. Spectra‬‬

‫‪ -‬ﻳﺘﻢ ادﺧﺎل اﺳﻢ اﻟﺪاﻟﻪ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل ‪ Display Graph‬ﻳﺘﻢ رﺳﻢ اﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎت اﻟﻤﻮﺟﻮدﻩ داﺧﻞ اﻟﻤﻠﻒ ‪.‬‬

3- Time History Analysis
For the shown frame :-

Frame ‫اﻟﻤﻄﻠﻮب دراﺳﺔ اﺣﻤﺎل اﻟﺰﻻزل ﻋﻠﻲ هﺬا ال‬
Time History Analysis ‫ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪام ال‬
. ‫ آﻤﺎ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺠﺰء اﻻول‬Frame ‫ ﻳﺘﻢ رﺳﻢ ال‬-1

‫‪ -1‬ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ اﻟﺪاﻟﻪ ‪-:‬‬
‫‪Define‬‬ ‫‪Functions‬‬ ‫‪Time History‬‬
‫اﺳﻢ اﻟﺪاﻟﻪ‬ ‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ﺷﻜﻞ اﻟﺪاﻟﻪ‬
‫‪ -2‬ﺗﻌﺪﻳﻞ ﺧﻮاص ﺣﺎﻟﺔ اﻟﺘﺤﻤﻴﻞ ‪-: Modal‬‬

‫‪Define‬‬ ‫‪Analysis Cases‬‬ ‫‪Modify\Shaw Case‬‬
‫وذﻟﻚ ﺑﻌﺪ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ال ‪ Modal‬ﻓﺘﻈﻬﺮ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﻪ اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﻪ ‪-:‬‬

‫‪ -1‬ﻳﺘﻢ اﻟﻀﻐﻂ ﻋﻠﻲ ‪ OK‬ﻓﻴﺘﻢ اﻟﺮﺟﻮع ﻟﻠﺸﺎﺷﻪ اﻻﺳﺎﺳﻴﻪ‬
‫‪ -2‬ﻳﺘﻢ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ‪. Add New Case‬‬
‫ﻳﺘﻢ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر‬
‫‪ -3‬ﺗﻈﻬﺮ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﻪ اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﻪ وﻳﺘﻢ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ﻣﺎهﻮ ﻣﻮﺿﺢ ‪-:‬‬
‫اﺳﻢ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ اﻟﺘﺤﻤﻴﻞ‬ ‫ﻧﻮع ﺣﺎﻟﺔ اﻟﺘﺤﻤﻴﻞ‬
‫ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﺤﺪﻳﺪ اﻻﺗﺠﺎﻩ‬
‫اذا آﺎن اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺎ ﺛﻼﺛﻲ اﻻﺑﻌﺎد ﻳﺘﻢ ادﺧﺎل اﺗﺠﺎﻩ‬
‫ﺗﺎﺛﻴﺮ اﻟﺰﻟﺰال آﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ ‪-:‬‬
‫اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ اﻟﺘﺤﻤﻴﻞ‬
‫‪U1‬‬ ‫‪Direction X-Axis‬‬

‫‪U2‬‬ ‫‪Direction Y-Axis‬‬
‫‪ -3‬ﺣﻞ اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺎ ‪-:‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﻳﺘﻢ ﺣﻞ اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل ‪ Run‬وﻳﺘﻢ اﻇﻬﺎر اﻟﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل ‪Display -:‬‬
‫‪Display‬‬ ‫‪Show Forces\Stresses‬‬ ‫‪Frames\Cables‬‬
‫‪ -‬ﺗﻈﻬﺮ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﻪ اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﻪ وﻳﺘﻢ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ﻣﺎهﻮ ﻣﻮﺿﺢ ‪-:‬‬
‫اﺳﻢ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ اﻟﺘﺤﻤﻴﻞ‬
‫اﻇﻬﺎر اﻻﺣﺘﻤﺎﻻت اﻟﻤﻤﻜﻨﻪ‬
‫اﻟﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ اﻟﻤﻄﻠﻮب اﻇﻬﺎرهﺎ‬
‫اﻻﺣﺘﻤﺎﻻت اﻟﻤﻤﻜﻨﻪ ﻟﻠﻌﺰوم ﻋﻠﻲ اﻟﻤﻨﺸﺎ‬
‫‪ -‬ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻜﺮار ذﻟﻚ ﻣﻊ ﺑﺎﻗﻲ ال ‪. Straining Actions‬‬

‫‪ -‬اﻇﻬﺎر اﻟﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ آﻌﻼﻗﻪ ﻣﻊ اﻟﺰﻣﻦ ‪-:‬‬
‫‪ -1‬ﻳﺘﻢ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ال ‪ Joint‬او ال ‪ Frame Element‬اﻟﻤﻄﻠﻮب اﻇﻬﺎر اﻟﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ ﻟﻪ ﺛﻢ ‪-:‬‬
‫‪Display‬‬ ‫‪Show plot Functions‬‬
‫‪ -2‬ﺗﻈﻬﺮ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﻪ اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﻪ وﻳﺘﻢ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ﻣﺎهﻮ ﻣﻮﺿﺢ ‪-:‬‬

‫اﺳﻢ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ اﻟﺘﺤﻤﻴﻞ‬
‫‪ -1‬ﻳﺘﻢ اﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻢ ﻋﻠﻲ ال ‪Joint‬او ال ‪ Frame‬اﻟﻤﻄﻠﻮب‬
‫اﻇﻬﺎر اﻟﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ ﻟﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل هﺬﻩ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﻪ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -2‬اﻟﻀﻐﻂ ﻋﻠﻲ ‪.Define Plot Function‬‬
‫اﻇﻬﺎر اﻟﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ ﻟﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل اﻟﺸﺎﺷﻪ اﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻈﻬﺮ‪.‬‬
‫ﻣﺎ ﺗﻢ اﺧﺘﻴﺎرﻩ ‪ -4‬اﻟﻀﻐﻂ ﻋﻠﻲ ‪.Modify\Show Plot Functions‬‬
‫‪ -5‬ﺗﻈﻬﺮ ﺷﺎﺷﻪ ﻳﺘﻢ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر اﻟﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ اﻟﻤﻄﻠﻮب اﻇﻬﺎرهﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل‬
‫هﺬﻩ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﻪ ﺛﻢ ‪ OK‬ﺛﻢ ‪.OK‬‬
‫اﻇﻬﺎر اﻟﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ ﻟﻪ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل اﻟﺸﺎﺷﻪ اﻻوﻟﻲ ﺛﻢ ‪.Add‬‬
‫‪ -7‬ﻳﺘﻢ اﻟﻀﻐﻂ ﻋﻠﻲ ‪ Display‬ﻟﺘﻈﻬﺮ اﻟﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ آﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ ‪-:‬‬

‫ ﻳﻤﻜﻦ ﻃﺒﺎﻋﺔ هﺬا اﻟﺸﻜﻞ او‬File ‫ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل ﻗﺎﺋﻤﺔ‬
. ‫ﺗﺤﻮﻳﻠﻪ اﻟﻲ ﺻﻮرﻩ‬
‫ﺷﻜﻞ اﻟﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ آﻌﻼﻗﻪ ﻣﻊ اﻟﺰﻣﻦ‬
With my best wishes for you

Eng.\ Ayman

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‫‪SAP2000-V11-‬‬

‫‪Structure Analysis Program‬‬

‫‪Skeletal structure‬‬ ‫‪Non-Skeletal structure‬‬

‫‪EX:- Beam – Frames – Trusses-‬‬ ‫‪EX:- Slab – Raft – Tanks - Tunnle-‬‬

‫‪4‬‬ ‫‪Eng. \ Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬

‫‪5‬‬ ‫‪Eng. \ Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬

‫‪ -2‬ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼل ﻗﺎﺋﻤﺔ اﻻواﻣﺮ ‪-:‬‬

‫ﻋﺪد اﻟﺘﻘﺴﻴﻤﺎت ﻓﻲ اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ‪X‬‬

‫اﻟﻤﺴﺎﻓﺔ ﺑﻴﻦ اﻟﺘﻘﺴﻴﻤﺎت ﻓﻲ اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ‪X‬‬

‫‪6‬‬ ‫‪Eng. \ Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬

‫‪7‬‬ ‫‪Eng. \ Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬

‫ادﺧﺎل اﻻﺣﺪاﺛﻴﺎت ﺗﺮاآﻤﻴﺔ‬

9 Eng. \ Ayman El-Zohiery

‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ﺷﻜﻞ اﻟﻘﻄﺎع‬

Draw Draw Frame\cable\tendom

10 Eng. \ Ayman El-Zohiery

‫اﺳﻢ ﻗﻄﺎع اﻟﻜﻤﺮا‬

‫اﺗﺠﺎﻩ رﺳﻢ اﻟﻜﻤﺮا‬

‫‪ -‬ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻒ ال ‪ :Supports‬ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻒ ال ‪ Support‬آﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ ‪-:‬‬

‫‪Fixed Support‬‬ ‫‪Free Support‬‬

‫‪11‬‬ ‫‪Eng. \ Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬

‫اﺗﺠﺎﻩ اﻟﺤﻤﻞ)اﺗﺠﺎﻩ اﻟﺠﺎذﺑﻴﻪ(‬

‫ادﺧﺎل ﻗﻴﻤﺔ اﻟﺤﻤﻞ‬

‫‪For Triangular Distributed Load :-‬‬

‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر اﻟﻜﻤﺮا‬ ‫‪Assign‬‬ ‫‪Frame Loads‬‬ ‫‪Distributed‬‬

‫اﺗﺠﺎﻩ اﻟﺤﻤﻞ)اﺗﺠﺎﻩ اﻟﺠﺎذﺑﻴﻪ(‬

‫اﻟﺤﻤﻞ اﻟﻤﻮزع = ﺻﻔﺮ‬

‫اﺗﺠﺎﻩ اﻟﺤﻤﻞ)اﺗﺠﺎﻩ اﻟﺠﺎذﺑﻴﻪ(‬

‫اﻟﺤﻤﻞ اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ ﻋﻨﺪ اﻟﺜﻠﺚ اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺒﺎآﻴﺔ‬

‫‪ -2‬ﻻﻇﻬﺎر آﻞ اﻻﺣﻤﺎل اﻟﻤﺨﻔﻴﻪ ‪-:‬‬

‫‪14‬‬ ‫‪Eng. \ Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬

‫‪ Run Now‬ﻟﻴﻘﻮم اﻟﺒﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ ﺑﺎﻟﺤﻞ ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻓﺘﻈﻬﺮ ﺷﺎﺷﺔ ﻳﺘﻢ اﺧﺘﻴﺎر‬

‫* اﻇﻬﺎر اﻟﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ ‪-:‬‬

‫‪15‬‬ ‫‪Eng. \ Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬

‫اﻇﻬﺎر اﻟﻌﺰوم ﻋﻠﻲ اﻟﻜﻤﺮات ‪-:‬‬ ‫اﻇﻬﺎر ال ‪ Reactions‬ﻟﻠﺮآﺎﺋﺰ‪-:‬‬

‫اﻇﻬﺎر ﻗﻴﻢ اﻟﻌﺰوم‬

‫‪Axial Force‬‬ ‫اﻇﻬﺎر اﻟﻘﻮي اﻟﻤﺤﻮرﻳﺔ‬

‫ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ال ‪ 1‬اﻟﻲ ﺻﻔﺮ واﻟﻀﻐﻂ ﻋﻠﻲ‬

‫‪ – 2‬ﻋﻤﻞ رآﻴﺰة ﻣﺎﺋﻠﺔ ‪-:‬‬

‫‪17‬‬ ‫‪Eng. \ Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬

‫‪For Shell Element :-‬‬

-: ‫ﻓﺘﻈﻬﺮ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﺔ اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬

19 Eng. \ Ayman El-Zohiery

‫ﺗﺤﺪﻳﺪ ﻣﺎدة اﻟﻘﻄﺎع‬

‫ﻓﺘﻈﻬﺮ اﻟﺸﺎﺷﺔ اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ‪-:‬‬

‫ﻟﺘﺤﺪﻳﺪ ﻣﺎدة اﻟﻘﻄﺎع ‪-:‬‬

‫اﻟﻀﻐﻂ هﻨﺎ )ﻻﺿﺎﻓﺔ ﻣﺎدﻩ ﺟﺪﻳﺪﻩ (‬

‫‪20‬‬ ‫‪Eng. \ Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬

‫ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻒ ال ‪ Support‬آﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ ‪-:‬‬ ‫‪ -4‬ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻒ ال ‪:Supports‬‬

‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎر ﻣﻜﺎن اﻟﺪﻋﺎﻣﺔ‬ ‫‪Assign‬‬ ‫‪Joint‬‬ ‫‪Restraints‬‬

‫‪For Uniform Distributed Load :-‬‬

‫‪21‬‬ ‫‪Eng. \ Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬

‫اﺗﺠﺎﻩ اﻟﺤﻤﻞ)اﺗﺠﺎﻩ اﻟﺠﺎذﺑﻴﻪ(‬

‫ادﺧﺎل ﻣﻜﺎن اﻟﺤﻤﻞ ﻧﺴﺒﻲ‬ ‫ادﺧﺎل ﻣﻜﺎن اﻟﺤﻤﻞ ﺑﺎﻷﻃﻮال‬

‫ﻳﺘﻢ ادﺧﺎل اﻟﺤﻤﻞ ﻓﻲ اﺗﺠﺎﻩ ‪ X-Axis‬ﺑﺎﻟﻤﻮﺟﺐ‬

‫‪22‬‬ ‫‪Eng. \ Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬

‫‪23‬‬ ‫‪Eng. \ Ayman El-Zohiery‬‬

1-Deformed Shape :- -: ‫ اﻇﻬﺎر اﻟﻨﺘﺎﺋﺞ‬-7

Bending Moment Shearing Forces

24 Eng. \ Ayman El-Zohiery

Define Frame Sections ( ‫) ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﺛﻼث ﻗﻄﺎﻋﺎت‬ -: ‫ ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ اﻟﻘﻄﺎﻋﺎت‬-2

25 Eng. \ Ayman El-Zohiery

‫ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻒ ال ‪ Support‬آﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ ‪-:‬‬ ‫‪ -4‬ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻒ ال ‪:Supports‬‬