BEAM 16:

Design Criteria:
Live Load: E. Compute the total load to be carried by the
beam.
Residential – 4.8 kPa W u =12.732+ 2.491
W u =15.223 kN /m
f’c = 20.7 Mpa
fy = 276 Mpa
F. Moment at end support
γc = 23.56 kN/m3
β=0.85 M u=−W u ¿ ¿
CC =40 mm M u=−15.223 ¿ ¿
M u=−12.844 kN ∙m
Slab thickness: 100 mm
Diameter of main reinforcement: 16 mm Compute for steel ratio:
b=250 mm 0.85 f ' cβ 600
ρbal =
d=1.5b=1.5 ( 250 )=375 f y (600+ f y )
h=375+8+ 40=423 0.85(20.7)(0.85) 600
ρbal =
276(600+276)
A. Weight of slab. Assuming the beam is
ρbal =0.03711
carrying the same Dead load and Live load.
DL=( 0.10 ) (23.56)
ρmax =0.75 ρbal
DL=2.356 kPa
ρmax =0.75( 0.03711)
¿=4.8 kPa ρmax =0.02784

B. Weight of beam. 1.4

ρmin =
W b =γ c bh fy
W b =23.56 ( 0.25 ) (0.423) 1.4
ρmin =
W b =2.491 N /m 276
ρmin =0.005072
C. Compute the factored load.
ρmax > ρmin *use ρmax
U =1.4 DL+1.7≪¿
U =1.4 ( 2.356 ) +1.7( 4.8) G. Computing for the strength ratio ( w)
U =11.4584 kN /m2
ρmax f y
w=
D. Compute the trapezoidal load carried by f 'c
the beam. m=1.125 0.02784(276)
w=
U ( La ) 1 20.7
W=
2 (
1−
2m ) w=0.3712
11.4584 (4.0) 1
W=
2 (
1−
2(1.125) ) H. Compute for the value of M umax
M umax=∅ f ' c wb d 2 (1−0.59 w)
W =12.732 kN /m
 M umax=0.9(20.7)(0.3712)( 250)¿ M u < M umax (singly reinforced )
M umax=189.876 kN ∙ m
M. Compute for steel ratio ( ρ)
M u < M umax (singly reinforced )
M u=∅ Rnb d 2
15.64 ×10 6=0.9 Rn(250)(375)2
I. Compute for steel ratio ( ρ)
Rn=0.55 Mpa

M u=∅ Rnb d 2
0.85 f ' c 2 Rn
13.685 ×106 =0.9 Rn(250)(375)2
Rn=0.406 Mpa
ρ=
fy ( √1− 1−
0.85 f ' c )
0.85 (20.7) 2(0.55)
ρ=
'
0.85 f c
( √
1− 1−
2 Rn
)
ρ=
276 ( √
1− 1−
0.85(20.7) )
fy 0.85 f ' c ρ=0.00202
0.85 (20.7) 2(0.406)
ρ=
276 ( √
1− 1−
0.85(20.7) ) N. Computing for required steel area ( A s)

ρ=0.00149 A s=ρbd
A s=0.00202 ( 250 )( 375 )
J. Computing for required steel area ( A s)
A s=189.375 mm2
A s=ρbd
O. Computing for required number of
A s=0.00149 ( 250 ) ( 375 )
reinforcing steel bars
A s=139.688 mm2
As
K. Computing for required number of N=
A¯¿ ¿
reinforcing steel bars 189.375
N=
π (16 2)
As
N= 4
A¯¿ ¿
N=0.942 pcs .*say 2 pcs.
139.688
N= 2
π (16 ) Use 2-16 mm∅ RSB for tension bars
4
N=0.695 pcs . *say 2 pcs. P. Moment at end support
M u=−W u ¿ ¿
Use 2-16 mm∅ RSB for tension bars M u=−15.223 ¿ ¿
M u=−132.844 kN ∙m
L. Moment at midspan
M u=W u ¿ ¿ M u < M umax (singly reinforced )
M u=15.223 ¿ ¿
M u=17.398 kN ∙ m Q. Compute for steel ratio ( ρ)
 M u=∅ Rnb d 2
U. For allowable shearing stress.
13.685 ×106 =0.9 Rn(250)(375)2
Rn=0.406 Mpa
V a =0.09 √ f ' c
0.85 f ' c 2 Rn V a =0.09 √20.7
ρ=
fy ( √1− 1−
0.85 f ' c ) V a =0.409 Mpa >υ *no need for
stirrups
0.85 (20.7) 2(0.406)
ρ=
276 ( √
1− 1−
0.85(20.7) )
ρ=0.00149

R. Computing for required steel area ( A s)

A s=ρbd
A s=0.00149 ( 250 ) ( 375 )
A s=139.688 mm2

S. Computing for required number of

reinforcing steel bars

As
N=
A¯¿ ¿
139.688
N= 2
π (16 )
4
N=0.695 pcs . *say 2 pcs.

Use 2-16 mm∅ RSB for tension bars

T. Check for shear.

V
υ=
bd
W u Lb
V= −Wd
2
15.223( 4.5)
V= −15.223(0.375)
2
V =28.543 kN
28,543
υ=
(250)(375)
υ=0.304 Mpa