232 + Chapter 7: Soquential Logie Design ‘Example: Vending Machine Controle (Part 1) Word Descsition We are going to design a simple vending machine controller. The vending machine wil sell bottles of water for 75¢. Customers can enter either a dolar bil or quarters. Once a efficient smount of money i entered, the vending machine wil dlepence a bottle of water. {the user entered a dolar i will return one quarter in change. "Money Receiver’ detects When money has been entered, The receiver sends two logic signals to our ercut indicating whether a dollar bil or quarter was received. A "Bottle Dispenser" system holds the water Bates and wil release one bottle when is input signal is asserted. "Coin Return” system holds quarters for change and will release one quarter wen its input signal is asserted. The money receiver wil reject money fa dollar and quarter are entered simultaneously or if dollars entered once the user has started entering quarters. "Money Receiver —_ ‘Finite State Machine! Fe Ceene Tht peel om Ee @ fous hn “CONE nrg Change | Oe Waly oY ‘Slate Diagram and State Transition Table “To implement this state machine, we will need an inal state that the machine wil walt in unti a customer enters money (Wait). if dollaris entered, the machine wil assert the Dispense’ signal to release a botle of water and assert the "Change" signal to give ane {quarter in chenge. We do not need an adsitional state forthe condition of when a dollar is ‘ontored bocauco the machino wil eimply accor tho output eignale and rturn to tho Wait ‘slate. When the customer pays with quarters, our machine needs to keep track of how many quarters have been received. We'll need two interim Stale that Keep track of how many quarters have been entered (25¢ and 502). Once the third quarter has been entered, ‘our machine will asset the “Dispense” signal and retum tothe Wait state. ‘inpus) (Outputs) |Current Statol@_in|O_in|Next State Dispense|Change Wat 70) 0] wat | o 0 wat | o) 1] wat | 1 1 (oseense-s | wat | 1 | 0 | ase | o o cee ae | O] x | 25¢ | 0 0 ae |i{x| so | o 0 soe | 0 x | Soe | 0 0 soe | 1 |x| wat | 4 0 ‘Stato diagrams can be simplified by only drawing lranstons wnen a signal is asserted. Example 7.12 Vending Machine Controller (Part 1)74 Finte-State Machines = 233, Example 7.13 provides the state encoding and next state logic synthesis for the simple vending ‘machine controler. ‘Slate Encoding ‘me current state ana te inputs To ma Example: Vending Machine Controller (Part 2) Let's encode the states in binary and name the current sta variables Q1_cur and Q0_cur and the next state variables Q'1_nxt and Q0_nxt. In this table we ist out sl possible values he table mare compete. ‘minimize the logic. tar tor, olLmat i\ co or 110 of oo ofofo ufofo who [ Example 713. Vending Machine Controller (Part 2) Curent Sisto [Input | Nox! Stato Cuts [Or ear [OO cax]O af a] —[O% vat [ OO ra Dapenss [Charge] Wary 0] 0 | 0] 0 |watlo | o ] 0 | 0 State Code Jwat| o | 0 | o| 3 |wat! o | o | 4 | 4 wat =o Jwat} o | o | {alae} o | 1 | o Jo 25¢ wat! o | o [1| 4% |wer! o | o | o | o 506 [25] -o-|-1 | o] 0 |zel-o | 1} 0] 0 ze) 0 | 1 [ol 1|ae} o | 1 | 0 | o ze! o | 1 | t}ofse] 1} o | o | o o| 1{i|4 fase] o | i | o | o Se] a ose soe) 1 | 0 Jo] 1 Jee] 1 | o | 0 | o se! 1 | 0 | 1] o war] o | o | + | o sel i | oliii|sel + |ol]olo Next State Loaic “The next state logic for this counter depends on both the current state variables and the ‘system input Up. We can again take advantage of don't cares forthe unused state code to ora qe Voie Sls “bin coor i110 of ola oto234 + Chaptor7: Sequential Logie Design Example 7.14 shows the output logic synthesis and final logic diagram for the vending machine controller, Example: Vending Machine Controller (Part 3) oui ay Cie Pomme ge Stina oof O 01x o oo] 0 o]x 0 oftofo Tx Po of@Po Px to sof 0} O 1K TT vol ofofxfo co out ures aerg cme a tao ‘Next Stato Logic” “State Memory? “Output Logic’ Example 7.14 Vending Machine Controller (Part 3)