Introduction s 5|:TFJGF f

“ The Tense of a Verb shows not

only the time of an action or event , but
also the state of an action .”

cc SF/ GF XaNM DF+ ;DI S[ lS|IF H NXF"JTF

GYL 5Z\T] lS|IFGL l:YTL 56 NXFJ[ K[Pcc
There are mainly three kinds of
Tense
The Present Tense (JT"DFG SF/f

The Past Tense (E}TSF/f

The Future Tense (ElJQI SF/f

 Tense

The Present The Past The Future

Tense (JT"DFG Tense Tense
SF/f (E}tF SF/f (ElJQI SF/f

Simple Tense ,Continuous Tense,

Perfect Tense ,
Perfect Continuous Tense
 Present Tense :- ( JT"DFG SF/f
The Present tense is divided into four parts .
s JT"DFG SF/ RFZ EFUDF\ lJEFHLT K[Pf”

1. Simple Present Tense ( ;FNMJT"DFG SF/f

2. Present Continuous Tense .(rFF,]JT"DFG SF/f
3. Present Perfect Tense. ( 5}6" JT"DFG SF/f

4. Present Perfect Continuous Tense .

(RF,] 5}6JT"DFG SF/f
 Simple Present Tense
;FNM JT"DFG SF/

Simple Present Tense is generally used in

following Activities and Purposes.

;FNM JT"dFFG SF/ ;FDFgI ZLT[ GLR[GL 5|J'lTVM DF8[ J5ZFI K[P
 For Showing Daily Activities .
ZMHL\NL lS|IFVM NX"FJJF

• I brush my teeth every morning .

C]\ NZZMH ;JFZ[ DFZF NF\T ;FO SZ]\ K]P
 For Showing Habitual Action
8[J JX YTL lS|IFVM NX"FJJF

• I always take tea .

C]\ NZZMH RF 5LJ]\ K]P
 For Showing Universal Truth
;gFFTG ;tI NX"FJJF dFF8[

• The sun rises in the east.

;}iF" 5}jF"DF\ pU[ K[P
 To Express Scientific Principles
J{7FlGS l;wWF\TM NX"FJJF

• Water boils at 100 degrees centigrade

temperature .
5F6L !__ 0=LU|L ;[\PTF5DFG[ pS/[ K[P
 To Express Saying
SC[JTM NX"FJJF
dFF8[

• As you sow so shall you reap .

H[J]\ JFJM T[J]\ ,6M P
 Rules lGIDM

If the subject is the third person singular

( He/She/It ) then verb takes “s/es” suffix .

HM STF" +LHM 5]~QF V[SJRG CMI ( He/She/It ) TM

lS|IF5NGF K[0[“s/es” 5|TiiF ,FU[ K[P
 Look at the following table
GLR[G]\ 8[A, H]VMP

Singular (V[S JRGf Plural (AC] JRGf

First Person I go to School . We go to School.

s5|YD 5]~QFf C]\ XF/FV[ HFp\ K]P VD[ XF/FV[ H.V[ KLV[P
Second Person You go to School . You go to School.
sALHM 5]~QFf T] XF/FV[ HFI K[P TD[[ XF/FV[ HFVM KMP
Third Person He goes to School . They eat apple .
s+LHM 5]~QFf T[ XF/FV[ HFI KP[ T[VM ;OZHG BFI K[P
She goes to School .
T[6L XF/FV[ HFI KP[
It eats an apple .
T[ ;OZHG BFI K[P
• Daily -ZMH
• Everyday –NZZMH
• Always -C\D[XF
• Regularly - lgFIlDT ZLT[
• Generally / Usually - ;FDFgI ZLT[
• Ever – SIFZ[S
• Never – SIFZ[S GlC
• Often – VJFZGJFZ q JFZ\JFZ
• Occasionally - 5|;\UM5FT
• Seldom / Hardly - EFuI[H
• Often - VJFZGJFZ
• Meena often comes to school
late.
DLGF VJFZGJFZ XF/FV[[ DM0L VFJ[ K[P

• Regularly - lgFIlDT ZLT[

• She prays regularly .
T[6LGL lGIlDT ZLT[ 5|FY"GF SZ[ K[P
• Everyday –NZZMH
• He plays cricket every day.
T[ NZZMH lS|S[8 ZD[ K[P

• Usually -;FDFgI ZLT[

• She usually passes most of her
time in the kitchen .
T[6LGL ;FDFgI ZLT[ T[6LGM DM8F EFUGM
;DI Z;M0FDF\ 5;FZ SZ[ K[P
• Regularly - lgFIlDT ZLT[
• I go to school regularly .
C]\ lGIlDT ZLT[ XF/FV[ HFp\ K]\]P

• Generally - ;FDFgI ZLT

• We generally go to temple
in the evening .
VD[ ;FDFgI ZLT[ ;F\H[ D\lNZ[ H.V[
KLV[P
• 1. I / We / You / They + Verb + Other words .

• 2. He / She / It +Verb + ( s/ es )+ Other words .

• Sentence Structure of Interrogative
• 1. Do + I / we / you / they + Verb + Other words
+?

• 2. Does + he / she / it +Verb + Other words + ?

1. Do we go to school everyday ?
X]\ VF56[ NZZMH XF/FV[ H.V[ KLV[ m

2. Does he always travel by bus ?

X]\ T[ C\D[XF A; äFZF D];FOZL SZ[ K[ m

3. Do you take tea daily ?

X]\ TD[ NZMH RF 5LJM K[ m
• Sentence Structure of Negative

• 1. I / We / You / They + do not + Verb + Other

words .

• 2. He / She / It + does not +Verb +Other words .

• They do not dance , they
talk .
tF[VM G'tI SZTF GYL 4 T[VM JFTM SZ[ K[P

• She does not write ,she

reads .
tF[6L ,BTL GYL 4T[6L JF\R[ K[P
• They do not walk , they
talk.
T[ RF,TF GYL 4T[VM JFTM SZ[ K[P
 Present Continuous Tense
rFF,] JT"DFG SF/

• The Present Continuous Tense is used to

show an action in progress and incomplete at
the moment of speaking .

RF,] JT"DFG SF/ SM. lS|IF RF,] K[ VG[ SYG ;DI[ T[ lS|IF V5}6"
K[ T[J]\ NX"FjFJF J5ZFI K[P
• Put the proper form of ‘to be’ ( am, is, are )
before the main verb as per the number of
subject .
D]bI lS|IF5NGL 5C[,F ST"FGF\ JRG D]HA ‘ to be’ ( am,
is, are ) lS|IF5NG]\ IMuI ~5 D}SM P

• Put the suffix “ing” after main verb.

D]bI lS|IF5NGL 5FK/ “ing” 5|tII D}SMP
• She is going to the hospital
tF[6LgFL NJFBFG[ HFI K[P
How to put the ‘Ing’ suffix at the end
of the verb ?
s ‘Ing’ 5|tII lS|IF5NGL 5FK/ S[JL ZLT[ D}SJ]\ m f

• If there is “e” letter at the end of verb but it is

not pronounced , then remove “e” and put suffix
“ing”.
HM lS|IF5NDF\ K[<,M V1FZ “e” CMI VG[ T[G]\ prRFZ6 G YT]\ CMI TM
“e” N}Z SZL “ing” 5|tII D}SJ]\P
• Examples :
• Come – Com +ing = Coming
• Write – Writ +ing = Writing
• If there is a consonant at the end of the verb and
a vowel is given before consonant , the consonant
mark is doubled and suffix “Ing” is put .

HM lS|IF5NGF K[<,[ jI\HG VFJTM CMI VG[ T[ jI\HGGL VFU/ :JZ

CMI TM jI\HG A[J0FI K[PVG[ 5KL “Ing”D}SJ]\P

Examples :
• Run = Run + ing = Running
• Sit = Sit + ing = Sitting
• Subject + Tobe + Verb + ing + Other word .

• She is going to school .

T[6LGL XF/FV[ H. ZCL K[P
• The girl is indicating
something .
KMSZL S\.S ATFJL ZCL K[P

• I am writing a letter.
C]\ 5+ ,bFL ZCL K]P
• I am talking on a mobile .
C]\ DMAF., 5Z JFTRLT SZL ZCIM K]P

• A bird is flying .
V[S 51FL p0L ZCI]\ K[P
• Look – HM
• See – HM
• Hear – ;F\E/
• Listen– ;F\E/
• Now – CjF[ q VtIFZ[
• At Present – CJ[ qVtIFZ[
• At this time – VF ;DI[
• I am reading a textbook now .
C]\ VtIFZ[ 5]:TS JF\RL ZCIM K]P

• See, the birds are flying in the

sky.
H]VM 4 51FLVM VFSFXDF\ p0L ZCIF K[P
• Look ,that horse is running .
H]VM 4 5[,M WM0M NM0L ZCIM K[P

• We are eating at present .

VD[ VtIFZ[ BF. ZCIF KLV[P
• Listen ,they are talking .
;F\E/M 4 T[VM JFTM SZL ZCIF K[P

• Hear , he is singing .
;F\E/M 4 T[ UF. ZCIM K[P
• Sentence Structure of Negative

• 1. Subject + to be + not + verb + ing +other

words.
• He is not playing football , he is
running .
T[ O]8AM, ZDL ZCIM GYL 4 T[ NM0L ZCIM K[P

• She is not speaking , she is

writing .
T[6LGL AM,L ZCL GYL 4 T[6LGL ,BL ZCL K[P

• The dogs are not fighting , they

are standing still .
S}TZF h30L ZCIF GYL 4 T[VM XF\T pEF K[P
• Sentence Structure of Interrogative
• Tobe ( Am / Is /Are) + sub +verb + ing + other
words + ?

• Is doctor examining the

patient ?
X]\ 0MS8Z NNL"G[ T5F;L ZCIF K[ m
• Is she standing ?
X]\ T[6LgFL pEL K[ m

• Is he teaching ?
X]\ T[ XLBJL ZCiFM K[ m
 Perfect Present Tense
5}6" JT"DFG SF/

• “ This tense is used to show a completed

action ,the effect of which ,is still prevailing
in the present .”

GHLSGF ;DIdFF\ 5]ZL YI[,L V[8,[ CH] JT"dFFGdFF\ H[GL V;Z 5|J"tFTL
CMI TJL lS|IF NX"FjFJF VF SF/GM p5IMU YFI K[P
• Verb is used in past participle .

lS|IF5NDF\ E}TS'N\T ~5 J5ZFI K[P

• Have ,Has is used before verb the Past

Participle form of verb in Present Perfect
Tense .

5}6" JT"dFFG SF/DF\ lS|IF5NGF E}TS'N\T ~5 5C[,F Have

,Has GM p5IMU YFI K[P
• “Has” helping verb is used with third person
singular .
“Has” GM p5IMU ;CFISFZS lS|IF5N +LHF 5]~QF V[S JRG ;FY[
YFI K[P
pNF P He ,She , It + Has

• “Have” helping verb is used in first person

,second person ,and only third person plural.
“Have” gFM p5IMU 5|YD 5]~QF V[S JRG VG[ AC]JRG 4
ALHF 5]~QF V[S JRG VG[ AC]JRG 4VG[ +LHF 5]~QFDF\ DF||+
AC]JRG ;FY[ YFI K[P
pNF P They , I , We , You + Have
Person Singular Plural

First I ( Have ) We ( Have )

Second You ( Have ) You ( Have )

Third He They ( Have )

She ( Has )
It
• Already – 5C[,FYL q SIFZG]\I

• Just now – CD6FH

• Recently – TFH[TZDF\

• Till this time / Yet / Still – CH] ;]WL

• Ever – SNL 56 s 5`GFY"fqSIFZ[I m

• Never – SIFZ[I[ GCL

 Already – 5C[,YLH

• The boys have already entered

in the class room .
KMSZFVM 5C[,YLH JU"B\0DF\ 5|J[xFL R}SIF
K[P
Just now – CD6FH

• He has taken his breakfast just

now .
T[G[ CD6F\H GF:TM ,LWMP
Ever – SNL 56 s 5`GFY"fqSIFZ[I m

• Have you ever tasted khir ?

X]\ tF[G[ SIFZ[I BLZ RFBL K[ m

Never – SIFZ[ GCL

• I have near visited Manali

C]\ SIFZ[I DGF,LGL D],FSFT[ UIM GYLP
• Subject + have / has + past participle form of
verb + Other words .

STF" + have / has + E}TS'N\TG]\ ~5 + VgI XaNM P

• They have gone in the garden .
T[VM AULRFDF\ UIF K[P

• She has come from school .

T[6LGL XF/FV[YL VFJL K[P
• Rahul has broken the glass.
ZFC],[ u,F; TM0IM K[P

• She has opened the window .

T[6LV[ AFZL BM,L K[P
• Sentence Structure of Interrogative

• 1. Have / Has +sub +past participle + other

words + ?

• Have / Has + STF" + E}TS'N\T + VgI XaNM + m

• Has she understood my point ?
X]\ T[6LGL DFZM D]N|M ;DHL K[m

• Have you seen the film ‘Akele

Hum Akele Tum ’ ?
X]\ TD[ cVS[,[ CD VS[,[ T]D c
lO<D HM. K[m

• Have you left smoking ?

X]\ TD[ W|]D5FG KM0L lNW] K[m
• Sentence Structure of Negative

• 1. Subject +Have/Has +Not +Past Participle

+Other words .

STF" + Have/Has + Not + E}TS'N\T + VgI XaNM P

1. The children have not
completed their homework yet .
aFF/SMV[ T[DG]\ U'CSFI" CH];]WL 5}Z]
SI]"\ GYLP
2. He has not played cricket .
T[ lS|S[8 ZdIM GlCP

3. We have not received our

books.
VDG[ VDFZF 5]:TSM D?iFF GYLP
Past Tense has also four parts

Simple Past Tense (;FNM E}TSF/f

Continuous Past Tense (RF,] E}TSF/f

Perfect Past Tense ( 5}6 E}TSF/f

Past Perfect Continuous Tense (RF,]

5}6“ E}TSF/f
 “ Past tense is used to indicate an
action that took place at sometime in
the past .”

cc E}TSF/ DF\ VD]S ;DI[ YI[,L lS|IF NX"FJJF

VF SF/GM p5IMU YFI K[Pcc
• We use the past form of the verb in
Simple Past Tense .

;FNF E}TSF/DF\ lS|IF5NG]\ E}TSF/G]\ ~5 J5ZFI

K[P
 How to make past form of verb
s lS|IF5NG]\ E}TSF/ S[JL ZLT[ AGFJJ]\] f

• The simple past form of regular verb is formed by

adding the suffix -ed to the base form of infinitive
;FNF E}TSF/DF\ lGIlDT lS|IF5NMDF\ D}/~5GL 5FK/ cced cc 5|tII
,UF0JFYL E}TSF/G]\ ~5 AG[P
• Examples :
• To walk = Walked / RF,J]\ = RF<IM q rFF<IF
• To play = Played / ZDJ]\ = ZdIM q ZdIF
• The irregular verbs very considerably in their
past.
VlGIlDT lS|IF5N GF E}TSF/GF ~5 VlG`RT CMI K[P

• Examples :
• To Speak = Spoke / AM,J]\ = AM<IM q AM<IF
• To write = Wrote / ,bFJ]\ = ,bI]\
• Some past verbs never change from their main
form .

S[8,FS E}TSF/GF lS|IF5NM T[GF D}/ ~5 YL SIFZ[I

AN,FTF GYL[P

• Exemplas :
• Cut = Cut / SF%I]\ = SF%I]\
• Put = Put / D}SI]\ = D}SI]\
• Subject + Past from of verb +other words

STF" + lS|IF5NG]\ ~5G]\ E}TSF/ + VgI XaNM P

1. Rahul played cricket .
ZFC], lS|S[8 ZdIM P

2. She cooked good food .

T[6LGL V[ ;FZL Z;M. AGFJLP

3. He helped his friend .

T[6[ T[GF lD+G[ DNN SZL P
• Ago – 5C[,F
• Yesterday – U. SF,[
• Last day – K[<,F lNJ;[ q U. SF,[
• Last night – K[<,L ZF+[q U. ZF+LV[
• Last week – K[<,F V9JF0LI[ q UIF V9JF0LI[
• Last month – K[<,F DlCGF q UIF DlCG[
• Last year – K[<,F jFQF["“q UIF JQF"[
• Before – 5C[,F q VUFp
 Ago – 5C[,F

• My mother went to the

temple an hour ago .
DFZL DFTF S,FS 5C[,F D\lNZ[ U.P

Yesterday – U. SF,[

• Bhavana met Chetan

yesterday
EFJGF R[TGG[ U. SF,[ D/L P
 Last day – U. SF,[

• Rahul completed his picture

last day .
ZFC],[ T[G]\ lR+ U. SF,[ 5}6" SI]"P

Last night – U. ZF+[

• My grand father told me a story

last night.
U. ZFT[ DFZF NFNF V[ DG[ JFTF" SCLP
Last week – UIF V9JF0LI[

• Sneha bought a new purse last

week .
:gF[CF UIF V9JF0LI[ GJ]\ 5;" ,FJLP

Last month – UIF DlCG[

• Our English teacher completed

our syllabus last month.
VDFZF V\U|[HLGF lX1FS[ VDFZM VeIF;S|D
UIF DlCG[ 5}6" SIM“ P
Last year – UIF jFQF["“

• Rahul brought a new car last

year.
ZFC],[ UIF JQF"[ gFJL SFZ BZLNLP

Before – 5[C[,F

• I reached to the station before

one hour.
C]\ V[S S,FS 5C[,F :8[XG 5CM\RL P
• Sentence Structure of Interrogative

• 1. Did + Sub + main verb +other words + ?

• Did +ST"F +D]/ lS|IF5N + VgI XaNM + m

1. Did you build a new house
last year ?
X]\ TD[ UIF JQF"[ gFJ]\ 3Z aFF\wI]\
2. mDid they meet you yesterday ?
X]\ T[VM tFG[ U. SF,[ D?IF m

3. Did they watch a nice film

last night ?
X]\ T[VM V[ ;Z; lO,D U. ZF+[
HM. m
• Did is used before main verb in simple
past tense s’ Interrogative .

;FNF E}TSF/DF\ “Did” dF]bI lS|IF5NGL VFU/

J5ZFI K[P
• Sentence Structure of Negative

• 1. Subject + did + not + main verb + other

words.

STF" + did + not + D]bI lS|IF5N + VgI XaNM

1. The teacher did not teach us
English .
lX1FS[ VDG[ V\U|[HL E6FjI]\ GlCP
2. Shweta did not eat apples,
she ate mangoes .
`J[TF V[ ;OZHG BFWF GlC4tF[6LGLV[
S[ZLVM BFWLP
3. Ashwin did not give me a book
Vl`JG[ DG[ 5]:TS VF%I]\ GlCP
 Continuous past tense is used to indicate
an action that was in progress at certain time in
the past .

E}TSF/ DF\ VD]S ;DI[ VD]S lS|IF RF,] CTL

T[J]\ ATFJJF RF,] E}TSF/GM p5IMU YFI K[P
• Was / Were is used in past continuous
tense .

Was / Were RF,] E}TSF/DF\ J5ZFI K[P

• Was is used with singular subject .
V[S JRG ST"F ;FY[ Was VFJ[ K[P
Examples :
I
He Was
She
It
• Were is used with plural subject .
AC]JRG ST"F ;FY[ Were VFJ[ K[P
Examples :
We
You Were
They
Person Singular Plural

First I ( Was ) We ( Were )

Second You ( Were ) You (Were )

Third He They ( Were )

She ( Was )
It
• Subject + was / were + main verb +ing +other
words

STF" + was / were +

dF}}/ lS|IF5N + ing + VgI XaNM P
• He was explaining the story .
T[ JFT"FgF]\ J6"G SZL ZCIM CTM P

• Mahesh was buying fruits .

DC[X O/M BZLNL ZCIM CTM P

• Teacher was telling a story .

lX1FS JFTF" SCL ZCIF CTF P
• Children were flying kites .
AF/SM 5T\U p0FJL ZCIF CTFP

• The students were going to

school .
lJnFyFL"VM XF/FV[ H. ZCIF CTFP
• Sentence Structure of Interrogative

• 1. Was /Were + sub + verb + ing +other words ?

• Was /Were +ST"F + lS|IF5N + ing +VgI XaNM + m

 1. Was the girl plucking flowers ?
X]\ KMSZL O],M R}\8L ZCL CTL m

2. Was Manish talking to you on

mobile - phone ?
X]\ DlGX TDFZL ;FY[ DMAF., OMG 5Z
JFT SZL ZCIM CTM m

3. Was your father reading Time

of India ?
X]\ TFZF l5TFHL 8F.D VMO .g0LIF
JF\RL ZCIF CTF m
• Sentence Structure of Negative

• 1. Subject +was /were +not + verb + ing + other

verb

STF" + was /were +not + lS|IF5N + ing + VgI XaNM

 When two actions take place in past , the
first action is used to show the Past Perfect Tense
and the second action is used to show the Simple
Past Tense.

HIFZ[ SM. A[ lS|IF E}TSF/DF\ AGL

CMI tIFZ[ 5C[,L YI[,L lS|IF NX"FJJF DF8[ 5}6"
E}TSF/ VG[ ALHL YI[,L lS|IF NX"FJJF DF8[ ;FNM
E}TSF/ J5ZFI K[P
• The Past Perfect Tense is formed with the
past tense from of to have ( that means had )
5}6" eF}TSF/ DF\ to have gF]\ eF}TSF/G]\ ~5 had dF}SFI
K[P

The past participle from of the main verb.

lS|IF5N G]\ E}TS]\NT D}SFI K[P
Examples :
I had slept ,before she came.
• Subject +had +past participle +other words.

STF" + had +eF}TS]N\T + VgI XaNM P

• I had reached home before it
rained .
JZ;FN 50IM T[ 5C[,F\ C]\ 3[Z 5CM\RL
UIM CTM P

• Satish had finished his work

when his friend called him .
HIFZ[ ;lTXGF lD+[ T[G[ AM,FjIF[ tIFZ[
;lTX[ T[G]\ SFD 5}~ SZL ,LW]] CT]\P
• The patient had died before
the doctor came .
0MS8Z VFJ[ T[ 5C[,F NN"L" D'tiF] 5FdIM
CTM P

• The stranger had gone before

Ashaben came to the door .
VFXFA[G NZJFH[ VFJ[ T[ 5C[,F VHF^IM
DF6; HTM ZCIM CTM P
 Before - 5C[,F 4VFU/
The train had left before I reached to the
station .
C]\ :8[XG 5CM\rIM T[ 5C[,F 8=[.G HTL ZCL CTLP

After - 5FK/ 4 5KL

The boys ran out to play after
they had finished their
lessons .
T[DGF 5F9 5}ZF SIF" 5KL KMSZFVM
ACFZ ZDJF NM0L UIF P
When - HIFZ[
The rain had stopped when she
arrived .
HIFZ[ T[6LGL VFJL tIFZ[ JZ;FN A\W Y. UIM CTMP
• Sentence Structure of Interrogative

• 1. Had + subject +past participle + other

words +?

• Had +ST"F + E}TS'N\T + VgI XaNM + ?

• Had the postman given the
letters to Ashok before Richa
came ?
X]\ ZLRFGF\ VFjIF 5C[,F 85F,LV[ 5+M
VXMSG[ VF5L NLWF CTF m

• Had the gardener planted the

trees before the rainy season set
in ?
RMDF;]\ X~ YIF 5C[,F DF/LV[ J'1FM JFjIF\
CTF\ m
• Had the peon swept the room ?
58FJF/FV[ ~D JF?IM CTM m
• Sentence Structure of Negative

• 1. Subject +had + not + past participle + other

verb

STF" + had + not + E}TS'N\T + VgI XaNM P

• Raman had not taken the
money.
ZD6[ ~l5IF ,LWF G CTF P

• Vinit had not called the doctor .

lJlGT[ 0MS8ZG[ AM,FjIF G CTF P
• The old man started walking
without any body’s support .
J'wW DF6;[ SM.56GF ;CFZF JUZ
RF,JFG]\ X~SI]" P
In Future Tense there are four parts.

Simple Future Tense (;FNM ElJQISF/f

Continuous Future Tense (RF,] eFlJQISF/f

Perfect Future Tense ( 5}6 eFlJQISF/f

Perfect Continuous Future Tense

( RF,] 5}6“ eFlJQISF/ f
 “ Simple Future Tense indicates an
action that is going to happen in future ”

cc ElJQI DF\ VD]S lS|IF YX[ T[J] ATFJJF

;FNF ElJQI SF/GM p5IMU YFI K[Pcc
• The helping verb ‘shall / will ’ is used in
Simple Future Tense .

;CFISFZS lS|IF5N shall / will ;FNF

ElJQISF/DF\ J5ZFI K[P
• Shall being used with the first person and will with
the second and third persons .

Shall V[ 5|YD 5]~QFDF\ VG[ Will V[ALHF VG[ +LHF 5]~QFDF\

J5ZFI K[P
I I
We Shall We

You Will
He ,She ,It

• Though will also becoming common with the first

person .
Person Singular Plural

First I ( Shall / will ) We (Shall / will )

Second You ( Will ) You ( Will )

Third He They ( Will )

She ( Will )
It
• Subject + Shall / Will + main verb +other
words

STF" + Shall / Will +

dF}}/ lS|IF5N + VgI XaNM P
• Mahesh will sing a song .
dFC[X ULT UFX[P

• Suresh will buy a car .

;]Z[X SFZ BZLNX[P
• I will go to market .
C]\ AHFZ[ H.X P

• Sunita will celebrate her

birthday .
;]GLTF T[6LGM HgD lNJ; pHJX[ P
• The train will come to the station
at 7:00 pm .
8=[G ;F\H[ ;FT JFuI[ :8[XG 5Z VFJX[P
Tomorrow - VFJTL SF,[
I will buy vegetables
tomorrow .
C]\VFJTLSF,[ XFSEFHL BZLNLX P
Next month - VFJTF DlCG[
Dipak will go to hospital next
month .
lN5S VFJTF DlCG[ NJFBFG[ HX[P
Next year - VFJTF JQF["
Pinal will come next year .
l5G, VFJTF DlCG[ VFJX[P

Next day - ALHF lNJ;[

Nimisha will read a book
next day .
lGlDQFF ALHF lNJ;[ 5]:TS JF\RX[P
• Sentence Structure of Interrogative

• 1. Shall / Will + subject +main verb + other

words +?

• Shall / Will +ST"F +

dF}/ lS|IF5N + VgI XaNM + m
• Shall we visit to the zoo ?
X]\ VF56[ 5|F6L ;\U|CF,IGL D],FSFT[
H.X\] m

• Will students come to the

school tomorrow ?
X]\ ljFnFYL"VM VFJTL SF,[ XF/FDF\
VFJX[ m
• Will Kalpana take tea ?
X]\ S<5GF RF ,[X[m

• Will my father bring a bat for

me ?
X]\ DFZF 5%5F DFZF DF8[ A[8 ,FJX[ m
• Sentence Structure of Negative
• 1. Subject +will /shall + not + main verb + other
verb

STF" + will / shall + not + dF}/ lS|IF5N + VgI XaNM

• Meena will not decorate the
room .
DLGF VMZ0M X6UFZX[ GCL P

• Ajay will not play cricket .

VHI lS|S[8 ZDX[ GCL P
• Jigar will not read the novel.
HLUZ GMJ[, JF\RX[ GCLP

• Chetan will not draw rangoli .

R[TG Z\UM/L NMZX[ GCLP
 The Future Continuous Tense denotes
an action going on at some point of time in
the future .

ElJQI
dFF\ VD]S ;DI[ VD]S lS|IF RF,] CX[ T[J]\
ATFJJF VF SF/GM p5IMU YFI K[P
• Subject + Shall / Will +be + verb +ing +other
words

STF" + Shall / Will +be + lS|IF5N + ing + VgI XaNM P

• Suresh will be playing with
Jignesh tomorrow .
;]Z[X VFJTL SF,[ HL7[X ;FY[ ZDTM
CX[P

• Nikhil will be sleeping at this

time the next day .
VFJTL SF,[ VF ;DI[ lGlB, ;}tFM CX[P
• Dipali will be going to school
at 7:00 am tomorrow.
lN5F,L VFJTL SF,[ ;JFZ[ ;FT JFuI[ XF/FV[
H. ZCL CX[P

• We shall be living in our new

house the next month .
VFJTF DlCG[ VD[ VDFZF GJF 3ZDF\
ZC[TF CX]\ P
• Radha will be dancing
tomorrow .
ZFWF VFJTL SF,[ G'tI SZTL CX[P
• Sentence Structure of Interrogative

• 1. Shall / Will + subject +be + main verb + ing

+ other words +?

• Shall / Will + ST"F + be + D}/ lS|IF5N + ing +

VgI XaNM + m
• Will Suman be writing a
book ?
X]\ ;]DG 5]:TS ,BTL CX[ m

• Will Hitesh be doing exercise

in the evening ?
X]\ lCT[X ;F\H[ S;ZT SZTM CX[ m
• Will that boy be dancing ?
X]\ 5[,M KMSZM gFFRTM CX[ m

• Will my brother be reading a

newspaper ?
X]\ DFZM EF. KF5] JF\RTM CX[ m
• Sentence Structure of Negative

• 1. Subject +will /shall + not + be + main verb +

ing + other verb

STF" + will / shall + not + be + D}/ lS|IF5N + ing +

VgI XaNM
• Vivek will not be posting letter .
lJJ[S 5+ 5M:8 SZTM GlC CMI P

• Mr Patel will not be teaching

English .
zLDFG 58[, V\U[|HL E6FJTF GlC CMI P
• I will not be making tea
tomorrow .
C]\ VFJTL SF,[ RF AGFJTL GCL CMp\P

• The shopkeeper will not be

closing the shop early tomorrow .
N]SFGNFZ VFJTL SF,[ JC[,F N]SFG A\W SZL ZCIF
GlC CMI P
 Perfect future tense is used to
indicate the completion of an action by
a certain time in Future .

ElJQIDF\ VD]S ;DI[ VD]S lS|IF

5}ZL Y. U. CX[ T[J]\ ATFJJF 5}6 ElJQI SF/GM
p5IMU YFI K[P
• In Prefect Future Tense Have / Has is
used after helping verb ( shall / will )

5}6" ElJQISF/DF\ ;CFISFZS lS|IF5N shall

/will 5KL have /has J5ZFI K[P

Past Participle form of verb is used in

this tense .
VF SF/DF\ lS|IF5NG]\ E}TS'N\T ~5 J5ZFI
K[P
• Subject + shall / will +have +past participle
+other words

STF" + shall / will + have + E}TS'N\T + VgI XaNM P

• Karim will have written
letters before you meet him.
T]\ SZLDG[ D/[ T[ 5C[,F T[6[ 5+M ,BL
,LWF CX[P

• The peon will have opened the

office ,before the boss come .
AM; VFJ[ T[ 5C[,F 58FJF/FV[ VMOL; BM,L
GFBL CX[P
• The farmers will have ploughed their
farms before it rains.
JZ;FN VFJTF\ 5C[,F B[0]TM V[ T[DGF B[TZM B[0L NLWF CX[P
• Sentence Structure of Interrogative

• Will / Shall + Subject +have +past participle

+other words +?

• Will / Shall + STF" + have +eF}TS'N\T + VgI XaNM +?

• Will it have rained heavily
tomorrow ?
X]\ VFJTL SF,[ EFZ[ JZ;FN YX[ m

• Will Rahul have finished his

work ?
ZFC],[ T[G]\ SFD 5}Z] SI]"\ CX[ m
• Will he have slept by 10
o’clock ?
T[ N; JFuI[ ;]. UIM CX[ m

• Will the teacher have finished

the lesson ?
lX1FS[ 5F9 5}ZM SIM"“ CX[ m
• Sentence Structure of Negative

• 1. Subject +will /shall + not +have + past

participial + other verb

STF" + will / shall + not +have + E}TS]N\T + VgI XaNM P

• The rain will not have stopped
before we reach the station .
VF56[ :8[XG[ 5CM\RLV[ T[ 5C[,F JZ;FN A\W
YIM GCL CMIP

• Nikita will not have cut the

cake , before all friends arrive
GLSLTFGF AWF lD+M VFJL 5CM\R[ T[
5C[,F GLSLTFV[ S[S SF5L GCL CMI P
• The girl will not have come to school
alone , she will have been with father .
KMSZL XF/FV[ V[S,L VFJL GlC CMI 4T[6LGL T[GF l5TF
;FY[ CX[P