Name of the experiment:

Cutting tool bit and drill bit shapes and forms.

Introduction:
Drill bits are cutting tools used to create cylindrical holes. Bits are held in
tool called a drill, which rotates them and provides torque and axial force to
create the hole. Specialized bits and for no-cylindrical shaped holes, The
term cutting tool bit generally refers to a non rotary cutting tool used in
metal lathes, shapes and planes. Such cutters are also often referred to by the
set-phase name of single point cutting tool. The cutting edge is ground to
suit a particular machining operation and may be resharpened or reshaped as
needed. The ground tool bit is held rightly by a tool holder while it is
cutting.

Power transmission system:

by by by
Motor Pulley Pulley Grinding wheel
shaft belt shaft

Fig: power transmission system of grinding machine

Process of making a cutting tool beat:

First of all hold the cutting tool at correct way. There are given five step of
grinding a cutting tool beat.

 First of all we checked the grinding wheels to make certain the faces
of the wheels are dressed properly. It is very difficult to grind good
cutting tools on wheels that are uneven or have groves in them. Use a
bench or floor grinder that is used only for grinding cutting tools
 Fig: correct way to hold a tool bit

 The tool was equipped with tool rest, we can rest our hands on it
control the movement of the tool bit. At the same time we were
correct side relief angle.

 Grind the side relief angle on opposite side to form the shape of the
tool bit.

Fig: grinding the other side relief angle on opposite side

 To grind the end relief angle, hold the tool with the end up, swing the
shank of the tool bit in a semicircle.
 Fig: Rounding off the nose

 To grind side rake for a right cut tool bit, hold the tool bit, face or top ,
at right angle to the right side of the grinding wheel.

Process of making a drill bit:

 Examine the drill to check its condition if it is dull or the margins near
the point are warn or burned off, it will be necessary to grind of the
entire point and regrinding a new one.
 During the sharpening use a drill point gage.
 Use the coarse grinding wheel, first if must metal is to be ground
away finish on the smooth wheel
 To a drill correctly for grinding place the forefinger of one hand on
the tool rest of the grinder either the right or the left hand may be used
whichever comes naturally.

 Then move the drill shank to the left about 30 degrees, this leaves a
difference of 60 degrees for cutting –lip angle.
 We twist the drill as we feed the shank downward, we will grind the
cutting edge of the opposite lip.
 Grind a little at a time off each lip, working toward the center point.

A) The cutting edges are the same length

 B) The cutting edges make an equal angle with the axis 59
Degrees
C) The clearance behind the cutting edge is about 12 degrees

Fig: The lips are both the same length and at the same
angle.

 Cooling the drill bit.

Advantages & Disadvantages of HSS drill bit:

Advantages:
 It can much more resistant to heat.
 It can come in different shapes, sizes and functionalities.
 It may run to as little as 0.8mm to 12mm and up.
 It has greater performance compare with other.
 It can drill the holes faster and does not get blunt easily.
Disadvantages:
 It changes property such as tamper, flexibility, concentration.
 It can only withstand high temperature setting up to a point and
beyond these it losses its hardness and drilling efficiency.

Advantages & Disadvantages of cutting tool bit:

Advantages:
 It can withstand higher temperatures without losing its temper.
 It cut faster than other steel.
 It has high abrasion resistance.
 Its hardness is above HRC60.
 It is more brittle than carbon steel.
Disadvantages:
 It has a tendency to distort easily.

Safety:
 We must always wear safety glasses of the correct type.
 Work must never be forced against a wheel roughly.
 Learn how to test a wheel for soundness before mounting it.
 Never attempt to measure the work before a revolving wheel.

Discussion:
Angles of cutting tool bit and drill bit were not accurate, because we did not
use the fine grinding machine after rough grinding. We tried to maintain the
safety rules but we were unable to maintain all the safety rules because of
limited numbers of safety goggles.
 Fig: Drill Bit

Fig: Cutting Tool Bit

Fig: straight shank twist drill

Fig: Different Angles of Cutting Tool Bit