THE UNITED REPUBLIC OF TANZANIA

MINISTRY OF HEALTH, COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT, GENDER, ELDERLY AND

CHILDREN
NATIONAL TECHNICAL AWARD (NTA) LEVEL 4
TECHNICIAN CERTIFICATE IN LABORATORY SCIENCE.
SINGIDA COLLEGE OF HEALTH SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY.
CONTINUOUS ASSESSMENT EXAMINATION THEORY TWO (2)
MODULE NAME: BASIC HUMAN ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY
MODULE CODE MLT 04101
QUESTION PAPER

TIME: 2 HOURS 14nd DEC 2018

GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS
1. Attempt all the questions
2. Read all questions carefully
3. This paper consists of four (4) sections, SEVEN (7) printed pages
4. Cellular phones are NOT ALLOWED in the examination room
5. Entering with unauthorized material(s) in the examination room is strictly prohibited.
6. Any candidate found with illegal material in examination room will be expelled out.
SECTIONS TYPE OF MARKS MARKS TUTOR
QUESTIONS ALLOCATED SCORED SIGN.

SECTION A MULTIPLE CHOICE 20 MARKS

SECTION B MULTIPLE 20 MARKS

TRUE/FALSE

SECTION C SHORT NOTES 30 MARKS

SECTION D ESSAY QUESTIONS 30 MARKS

TOTAL 100 MARKS

SECTION A: MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS
Instructions:
 This section consists of twenty (20) questions.
 There is only one correct answer which carries one (1) mark.
 Write CAPITAL LETTER of the most correct answer on the space provided.
1. The normal pH range of the human blood is.
A. 6.2 – 7.0
B. 6.5 – 7.3
C. 7.35 – 8.0
D. 7.35 - 7.45
E. 5.34 – 6.85
2. Among of the following is an antigen found on blood group system.
A. Glucose
B. Chondrocyte
C. Haemoglobin.
D. Glycoprotein
E. Monosaccharides
3. ABO IgM antibodies are produced in the first years of life by sensitization to environmental
substances such as.
A. Cell
B. Food
C. Hormone
D. Blood group
E. Chemical reaction.
4. The most second significant blood group system in human blood transfusion is,
A. Antigens
B. Antibodies
C. Immunogenic
D. ABO system
E. Rhesus system
5. One of the following is more common cause in blood type change.
A. Liver transplant
B. Spleen transplant
C. Autoimmune disease
D. Bone marrow transplant
E. Suppression of an antigen
6. A Duffy antigen acts as a receptor for invasion by the human parasites known as.
A. Plasmodium ovale.
B. Plasmodium vivax
C. Anopheles mosquito
D. Plasmodium malaria
E. Plasmodium penetrance.
7. The normal plasma volume is about
A. 2% of body weight
B. 3% of body weight
C. 4% of body weight
D. 5% of body weight
E. 7% of body weight.
8. Are specialized cells that respond to stimuli and to transmit a signal to activate other cells is
termed as
A. Unipolar neurons
B. nervous tissue
C. Interneurons
D. Neuroglia
E. Neurons
9. The cell which responsible for blood-brain barrier is.
A. Astrocytes:
B. Cardiocytes
C. Oligodendrocytes
D. Ependymal Cells
E. Schwann cells
10. Bone is always differ with other connective tissues is that its ground substance is made up of
A. Hydroxyapaptite
B. carbohydrate
C. Organic salt.
D. Collagen
E. Protein
11. Blood cells that are act as vacuum cleaner is.
A. Basophil
B. Neutrophil
C. Monocytes
D. Eosinophils
E. Lymphocyte
12. A layer that separates muscle from surrounding tissue is known as
A. Periosteum
B. Epimysium
C. Perimysium
D. Endomysium
E. Endosteal Membrane.
13. A special connective tissue membrane that covers the outer surface of bone composes.
A. Muscles fibres
B. Collagen fibers
C. Reticular fibres
D. Lamellated layer
E. Lymphatic vessels
14. Neutrophils are also known as polymorphonuclear leukocytes because.
A. Multilobed nucleus.
B. Azurophilic granules
C. Pluripotential Hemopoietic
D. Cytoplasm may look transparent.
E. The cytoplasm is full of granules
15. One of the following cell are originated on vestibular ganglia as well as retina
A. Mast cell
B. Osteoblast
C. Adipocytes
D. Bipolar neurons.
E. Multipolar neurons.
16. Dense irregular connective tissue that forms a supporting layer around cartilage is called
A. Perichondrium
B. Mesothelium
C. Periosteum
D. The dermis
E. A capsule
17. A cell that plays an important role in allergic reactions in human body.
A. Mast cells
B. Adipocytes
C. Histiocytes
D. Melanocytes
E. Mesenchymal cells.
18. The matrix of blood is known as:
A. Plasma
B. Serum
C. WBC & RBC
D. RBC& Plasma
E. WBC& Platelets.
19. During blood coagulation, thromboplastin is released by.
A. Leucocytes
B. Blood plasma
C. Red blood cell (RBC)
D. White blood cell (WBC)
E. Clumped platelets and damage tissue
20. Endothelium blood vessels are made up of.
A. Simple squamous epithelium,
B. Simple columnar epithelium
C. Simple cuboidal epithelium
D. Glandular epithelium
E. Stratified epithelia
SECTION B: MULTIPLE TRUE/FALSE QUESTIONS 20 mark
Instructions;
 This section consist of four (4) questions, each question has five options
 Write the word TRUE for correct statement and the word FALSE for the incorrect
statement in the space provided
 Each correct response carries 1 Mark

1. The stages of red blood cells formation within the bone marrow.
A. …………….. Monoblast
B. …………….. Promonocyte
C. …………….. Lymphoblasts
D. …………….. Proerythroblast.
E. …………….. Pluripotent haematopoietic stem cell.
2. Concerning on characteristics of Pseudo stratified epithelium:-
A. …………….. appears to have multiple layers of cells
B. …………….. Consists of two or more layers of cells that protect underlying
tissues in locations where there is considerable wear and tear.
C. …………….. single layer of cells that functions in diffusion, osmosis, filtration,
secretion, or absorption
D. …………….. Are as tall as they are wide and are shaped like cubes or hexagons
E. …………….. Much taller than they are wide, like columns, and protect
underlying tissues.
3. About Cardiac Muscle Tissue:
A. …………….. fibers have the same arrangement of actin and myosin.
B. …………….. contain both desmosomes and gap junctions.
C. …………….. contain intermediate filaments and dense bodies.
D. …………….. contracts when stimulated by its own autorhythmic
fibers.
E. …………….. contract in response to nerve impulses,
hormones, and local factors.

4. Physical Characteristics of Blood:

A. …………….. denser and more viscous (thicker) than water and feels slightly
sticky.
B. …………….. The temperature of blood is 38_C (100.4_F), about 1_C highe.
C. …………….. The color of blood varies with its oxygen content.
 D. …………….. Transports oxygen
E. …………….. include electrolytes, nutrients, regulatory substances such as
enzymes and hormones,gases, and waste products such as urea, uric acid,
creatinine
SECTION C; SHORT ANSWERS QUESTIONS.
Instructions:
 This section consists of six (6) question.
 This section consists of thirty (30) mark
 Each question consists of five (5) mark.
Write the answer in space provided…
1. Mention five (5) function of connective tissue. 5 MARKS
A. ………………………………………………………………………………………………
B. ………………………………………………………………………………………………
C. ………………………………………………………………………………………………
D. ………………………………………………………………………………………………
E. ………………………………………………………………………………………………
2. Outline five (5) difference areas within the body where Smooth muscles are originate. 5
MARKS
A. ………………………………………………………………………………………………
B. ………………………………………………………………………………………………
C. ………………………………………………………………………………………………
D. ………………………………………………………………………………………………
E. ………………………………………………………………………………………………
3. Enumerate five (5) components of blood Coagulation factor. 5 MARKS
A. ………………………………………………………………………………………………
B. ………………………………………………………………………………………………
C. ………………………………………………………………………………………………
D. ………………………………………………………………………………………………
E. ………………………………………………………………………………………………
4. Mention five (5) types of neuroglia cell in nervous tissue. 5 MARKS
A. ………………………………………………………………………………………………
B. ………………………………………………………………………………………………
C. ………………………………………………………………………………………………
D. ………………………………………………………………………………………………
E. ………………………………………………………………………………………………
5. Mention five (5) Substances found in Blood Plasma. 5 MARKS
A. ……………………………………………………………………………………………....
 B. …………………………………………………………………………………….…….......
C. ……………………………………………………………………………………………....
D. ………………………………………………………………………………………………
E. ………………………………………………………………………………………………
6. Answer the following question.
A. Define Erythropoiesis: - 1 mark
………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………….…………………
B. Mention four (4) main stages in Erythropoiesis. 4 marks
a. …………………………………………………………………………………………...
b. …………………………………………………………………………………….……..
c. …………………………………………………………………..………………….……
d. …………………………………………………………………………………….……..

SECTION D: ESSAY QUESTIONS (30 MARKS)

Instructions
 This section consists of three (3) questions.
 Each question carries ten (10) marks.
 Answer all questions in narrative way (Introduction, Main body and Conclusion).

1. Describe on three (3) general function of blood. 10 marks.

2. Explain eight (8) functions of Epithelial Tissue. 10 marks.

3. Describe on the types of white blood by its functions. 10 marks