Industrial

Engineering of
Holy Muria
University

Kirchhoff’s Law Current

Basic Physics Part II

Created By : Adhitya Sigit Fanani

IDS : 201957049

Class : Industrial
Engineering A

Question 29-1
Figure 29-1
Find the currents in circuit shown Figure
29-1 !
 Kirchhoff’s Law Current


Current into b = current out from b

I1+I2+I3 = 0…….. Eq. 1
Next, we apply the loop rule to loop adba.
In Volts
10
-7I1 + 6 + 4 = 0 or I1 = 7 A……. Eq. 2

Why must the term 7 I1 have negative

sign?
Next we applying the loop rule to the loop
abca. In Volts.
12
-4-8+5I2 = 0 or I2 = 5 A……… Eq. 3

Why must the signs be as written?

Now we rerturn to Equation I to find
10 12 −50−84
I3 = -I1 – I2 = - 7 – 5 35 = -3,8 A

The minus signs tell us that I3 have

opposite direction to that shown in figure
beside.

Figure 29-2

INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING MAJORITY

ENGINEERING FACULTY OF HOLY MURIA UNIVERSITY
 Kirchhoff’s Law Current


Question 29-2
In the circuits that shown in figure 29-2, find I1, I2 and I3 if the switch S is (a) open and (b) close !
a. When the S is open, I3 = 0 because there’s no current can through to the open switch. Applying the node rule to
point a gives:
I1 + I2 = I3 or I2 = I1 + 0 = I1
Applying the loop rule to loop acbda gives:
-12 + 7I1 + 8I2 + 9 = 0……… Eq. 1
To understanding the use of signs, remember that current always flows from high to low potential through a
resistor. Because I2 = I1, so the Eq. 1 becomes:
15I1 = 3 or I1 = 0,2 A
Also, I2 =I1 = 0,2 A, notice that this is the same result that one would obtain by replacing the 2 batteries by a
single 3 V battery.

b. With S closed, I3 is no longer known to be zero. Apllying the node rule to point a gives:
I1 + I3 = I2……….. Eq. 2
Applying the loop rule to loop acba, gives:
-12 + 7I1 – 4I3 = 0…………. Eq. 3
And to loop adba gives:
-9 – 8 I2 – 4 I3 = 0………….. Eq. 4
Applying the rule to the remaining loop, acbda, would yield redundant equation, because it wouldn’t contain
the new voltge change Eq. 2, 3 and 4for I1, I2, and I3 from Eq. 4
I3 = -2I2 -2,25
Substituting this in Eq. 3 gives:
-12 +7I1 + 9 + 8I2 = 0 or 7I1 + 8I2 = 3
Substituting I3 in Eq. 2 also gives:
I1 – 2I2 – 2,25 = I2 or I1 = 3I2 + 2,25
Substituting this value in the previous equation finally gives:
21I2 + 15,75 + 8I2 = 3 or I2 = -0,44
Using this in the equation for I1 gives
I1 = 3 (-0,44) + 2,25 = -1,32 +2,25 = 0,93 A
Notice that the minus sign is a part of the value we have found for I 2. It must be carried along with is numerical
value, Now we can use Eq. 2 to find:
I3 = I2 – I1 = (0,44) -0,93 = -1,37 A

INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING MAJORITY

ENGINEERING FACULTY OF HOLY MURIA UNIVERSITY