Chemistry Grade VIII Chapter#1 Prepared by: Khaled

Review Questions

Q.1      Encircle the correct answer:-

i) Which of the following lists contains only elements?

a) Air, water, oxygen b) Hydrogen, oxygen, brass

c) Air, water, fire, earth d) Calcium, sulphur, carbon

ii) The diagrams below represent particles in four substances, which box

represent the particles in nitrogen

iii) What is the formula mass of CuSO4.5H2 (Atomic masses: Cu-3.5, S=32,H= 1 )
a. 159.5 b. 158.5 c. 249.5 d. 149.5

Formula mass of CuSO4.5H2 = 63.5+32+(16x4)+5(1x2+16)

= 249.5

iv) A compound with chemical formula Na2CX3 has formula mass 106amu: Atomic mass of
the element X is
a. 106 b. 23 c. 12 d. 16

Na2CX3 = 106 amu

23 x 2 + 16 + 3X = 106
46+12+ 3X = 106
62 + 3X = 106
3X =106 – 58
3X = 48
X = 16
 Chemistry Grade VIII Chapter#1 Prepared by: Khaled

v) How many moles of molecules are there in 16g oxygen?

a. 1 b) 0.5 c) 0.1 d) 0.05

1 mole of O2 contains 16x2 = 32 g

? contains 16 g .

16
The number of moles in 16 g O2 = = 0.5 mole
32

vi) What is the mass of 4 moles of hydrogen gas?

a) 8.064g b) 4.032g c) 1 g d) 1.008g

1 mole of H2 contain 1.008x2 = 2 .016g

4 moles of H2 contains ?g

The mass of 4 moles of Hydrogen = 4 x 2.016 = 8.064 g

(Hydrogen is Diatomic)

vii) What is the mass of carbon present in 44g of carbon dioxide?

a. 12 g b) 6g c) 24 g d) 44 g

viii) The electron configuration of an clement is 1s22s2. An atom of this element will form an
ion that will have charge.

a) +1 b) +2 c) +3 d) -1

ix) Which term is the same for one mole of oxygen and one mole of water?
a) Volume b) Mass c) Atoms d) Molecules
 Chemistry Grade VIII Chapter#1 Prepared by: Khaled

x) If one mole of carbon contains x atoms, what is the number of atoms contained in 12g of
Mg.
a) X b) 0.5 X c) 2 X d) 1.5 X

Mass∈grams x N A
the number of atoms =
Molar mass

12 x X
the number of atoms =
24
= 0.5 X

Q2 vi) What is the number of molecules in 9.0g of steam?

Mass∈grams x 6.022 x 1023

the number of atoms =
Molar mass

9 x 6.022 x 1023
the number of atoms =
18

= 3.011 x 1023 Molecules 

Q2 vii)       What are the molar masses of Uranium-238 and Uranium-235?

Molar mass      =    Atomic mass expressed in gram

Molar mass of uranium-238    =          238g

Molar mass of uranium-235    =          235g 

Q3 viii)      Why one mole of hydrogen molecules and one mole of H atoms have different mases?

1 mole of hydrogen molecule (H2) contain 2 Hydrogen atoms,

Therefore the Molar mass of Hydrogen molecule = 1 x 2 = 2 g

1mole of Hydrogen atoms contains onle 1 Hydrogen atom

Therefore the molar mass of Hydrogen atom = 1 x 1 = 1 g

That’s why one mole of hydrogen molecules and one mole of H-atoms have different
masses.
 Chemistry Grade VIII Chapter#1 Prepared by: Khaled

Q.6   Calculate the number of moles of each substance in samples with the following
masses.

 2.4g of He:

1 mole of He contain 4g

? contain 2.4 g

2.4
The number of moles in 2.4g of He=
4
= 0.6 mole

b)   250 mg of Carbon:

250
Mass of carbon (C)      =          250mg = = 0.25g
1000

Molar mass of carbon =          12g

1 mole of C contain 12g

? contain 0.25 g

0.25
The number of moles =
12
= 0.021 moles

c) 15g of sodium chloride:

Molar mass of Sodium Chloride          = 23 + 35.5 = 58.5g

1 mole of NaCl contain 58.5g

? contain 15 g

15
The number of moles in 15g of NaCl = =  0.256 moles
58.5
 Chemistry Grade VIII Chapter#1 Prepared by: Khaled

d)   40 g of Sulphur:

Molar mass of Sulphur =       32g

1 mole of Sulphur contain 32g

? contain 40g

40
The number of moles contained in 40g of Sulphur =
32
= 1.25 moles

e)        1.5 kg of MgO

Mass of MgO   =          1.5 Kg  = 1.5 x 1000 = 1500 g

Molar mass of MgO     =          24 + 16 = 40g

1 mole of MgO contain 40g

? contain 1500g

1500
The number of moles in 1.5kg of MgO         =      = 37.5 moles
40

Q.7      Calculate the mass in grams of each of the following samples:

a)        1.2 moles of K

Molar mass of Potassium         =    39g

1 mole of K contain 39g

1.2 moles of K contain ?g

The mass of 1.2 moles of K = 1.2 x 39

= 46.8 g

 
 Chemistry Grade VIII Chapter#1 Prepared by: Khaled

b)        75 moles of H2

Molar mass of hydrogen(H2)    =  2 x 1 = 2g

1 mole of H2 contain 2g

75 moles of H2 contain ?g

The mass of 75 moles of H2 = 75 x 2 = 150g

c)        0.25 moles of steam

Molar mass of steam(H2O)       =          2 x 1 + 16 = 18g

1 mole of H2O contain 18g

0.25 moles of H2O contain ?g

The mass of 0.25 moles of steam (H2O) = 0.25 x 18

= 4.5g

d)        1.05 moles of CuSO4 . 5H2O

Molar mass of CuSo4 .5H2O = 63.5+32+4×16+5(2×1+16)

= 63.5 +32 +64 +5(18)

= 249.5g

1 mole of CuSO 4 .5H2O contain 249.5g

1.05 moles of CuSO 4 .5H2O contain ?g

The mass of 1.05 moles of CuSo4 .5H2O = 1.05 x 249.5

= 261.98g
 Chemistry Grade VIII Chapter#1 Prepared by: Khaled

e)        0.15 moles of H2SO4

Molar mass of H2SO4   =          2 x 1 + 32 + 4×16 = 98g

1 mole of H2SO4 contain 98g

0.15 moles of H2SO4 contain ?g

The mass of 0.15 moles of H2SO4 = 0.15 x 98

= 14.7g

Q.8      Calculate the number of molecules present in each of the following samples

a)        Number of moles        = 2.5 moles

1 mole contain 6.022 x 1023 molecules

2.5 moles contain ? molecules

The number of molecules  = 2.5 x 6.022 x 1023

15.055 = 1.5055 x 1024 molecules

b)        3.4 moles of ammonia, NH3

1 mole of NH3 contain 6.022 x 1023 molecules

3.4 moles of NH3 contain ? molecules

The number of molecules  = 3.4 x 6.022 x 1023 = 20.47 x 1023

= 2.047 x 1024 molecules

 Chemistry Grade VIII Chapter#1 Prepared by: Khaled

c)        1.09 moles of benzene, C6H6

1 mole of C6H6 contain 6.022 x 1023 molecules

1.09 moles of C6H6 contain ? molecules

Number of molecules  = 1.09 x 6.022 x 1023

= 6.56 x 1023 molecules 

d)        0.01 moles of acetic acid, CH3COOH

1 mole of CH3COOH contain 6.022 x 1023 molecules

0.01 moles of CH3COOH contain ? molecules

The Number of acetic acid molecules  = 0.01 x 6.022 x 1023 = 6.022 x 1021 molecules

 Q.9  Decide whether or not each of the following is an example of empirical

formula

a)        Al2 Cl6   …….. Not empirical formula                                   

b)        Hg2 Cl2 ………. Not empirical formula                  

c)        NaCl ……………. Empirical formula                  

d)        C2H6O……………. Empirical formula

Q.10    TNT or trinitrotoluene is an explosive compound used in bombs. It contains 7

C-atoms, 6 H-atoms, 5 N-atoms and 6-O atoms. Write its empirical formula

Empirical formula = C7 H6 N5 O6

 
 Chemistry Grade VIII Chapter#1 Prepared by: Khaled

Q.11    A molecule contains four Phosphorus atoms and ten Oxygen atoms. Write
the empirical formula of this compound. Also determine the molar mass of this
molecule

Molecular formula      =    P4O10 ÷ by 2

Empirical formula        =   P2O5

Molar mass of P4O10    =    4×31 + 10×16

=  124 + 160

       = 284g

Q.12    Indigo (C16H10N2O2) the dye used to colour blue jeans is derived from a
compound known as indoxyle (C8H7ON). Calculate the molar masses of these
compounds. Also write their empirical formulas

 Indigo (C16H10N2O2)

Molar mass of Indigo (C16H10N2O2)     =     16×12 + 10×1 + 2×14 + 2×16

=          192 + 10 + 28 + 32

=          262g

Molecular formula = C16H10N2O2 ÷ by 2

Empirical formula for indigo =     C8H5NO 

Indoxyle (C8H7ON)

Molar mass      =          8 x12 + 7×1 + 16 + 14

=          96 + 7 + 16 + 14

=          133g

Molecular formula = C8H7ON

Empirical formula =     C8H7ON

 Chemistry Grade VIII Chapter#1 Prepared by: Khaled

Q.13    Identify the substance that has formula mass of 133.5 amu

a) MgCl2 b) S2Cl2 c) BCl3 d) AlCl3

(a)        MgCl2

Formula mass  =          24 + 2×35.5

=          24 + 71

=          95 amu

(b)        S2Cl2

Formula mass  =          2×32 + 2×35.5

=          64 + 71

=          135 amu

(c)        BCl3

Formula mass  =          11 + 3×35.5

=          11 + 106.5

=          117.5 amu

(d)        AlCl3

Formula mass  =          27 + 3×35.5

=          27 + 106.5

=          133.5 amu

 
 Chemistry Grade VIII Chapter#1 Prepared by: Khaled

Q.14    Calculate the number of atoms in each of the following samples .

a)        3.4 moles of nitrogen atoms

1 mole of Nitrogen contain 6.022 x 1023 atoms

3.4 moles of Nitrogen contain ? atoms

The number of atoms =          3.4 x 6.022×1023  = 20.47 x 1023      

                         
=             2.047 x 1024 atoms

b)        23g of Na

1 mole of Na contain 23 g

Mass∈grams x 6.022 x 1023

the number of atoms =
Molar mass

23 x 6.022 x 1023
the number of atoms =
23

23g of Na = 6.022 x 1023

c)        5 g of H atoms

Mass∈grams x N A
the number of atoms =
Molar mass

5 x 6.022 x 1023
the number of atoms =
1

The number of atoms in 5g H = 5 x 6.022 x 1023

= 3.011 x 1024 atoms

 Chemistry Grade VIII Chapter#1 Prepared by: Khaled

Q.15    Calculate the mass of the following

Molar mass x the number of atoms

Mass in grams  =         
NA

a)        3.24 x 1018 atoms of iron

Molar mass x the number of atoms

Mass in grams  =    
NA

Number of atoms         = 3.24 x 1018 atoms

Molar mass of iron = 56g

NA = 6.022 x 1023

56 x 3.24 x 10 18
Mass in grams  =    
6.022 x 1023

=   3.01 x 10-4 g

b)        2 x 1010 molecules of nitrogen gas

Number of molecules =          2 x 1010 molecules

Molar massof nitrogen gas (N2) =  2 x 14

= 28g

Molar mass x the number of atoms

Mass in grams  =    
NA

28 x 2 x 1010
Mass in grams  =     =          9.3 x 10-13 g
6.022 x 1023
 Chemistry Grade VIII Chapter#1 Prepared by: Khaled

c)    1 x 10 25 molecules water

Number of molecules  =          1 x 1025 atoms

Molar mass of water (H2O)=    1×2 + 16 = 18g

Molar mass x the number of atoms

Mass in grams  =    
NA

18 x 1 x 1025
Mass in grams  =     =
6.022 x 1023

=          2.99 x 102g

d)    3 x 106 atoms of Al

Number of atoms         =    3 x 106 atoms

Molar mass of Aluminum(Al) =    27 g

Molar mass x the number of atoms

Mass in grams  =    
NA

27 x 3 x 106
Mass in grams  =    
6.022 x 1023

=          1.345 x 10-16g

 Chemistry Grade VIII Chapter#1 Prepared by: Khaled

Q.16    Identify the branch of Chemistry that deals with the following examples

1. A cornstalk grows from a seed

Bio Chemistry 

2. Dynamite (C3 H5 N3 O9) explodes to form a mixture of gases

Inorganic chemistry 

3. Purple iodine vapour appears when solid iodine is warmed

   Physical chemistry 

4. Gasoline (a mixture of hydro carbons) fumes are ignited in an auto mobile engine

Organic chemistry 

5. A silver article tarnishes in air

     Environmental chemistry 

6. Ice floats on water

Physical chemistry 

7. Sulphur dioxide is the major source of acid rain

     Environmental chemistry 

8. Many other light chlorinated hydrocarbons in drinking water are carcinogens

      Environmental chemistry

9. In Pakistan most of the factories use wet process for the production of cement.

Industrial chemistry

10. Carbon-14 is continuously produced in the atmosphere when high energy neutrons
from space collide with nitrogen-14
 Chemistry Grade VIII Chapter#1 Prepared by: Khaled

Nuclear chemistry.

Think - Tank

Q1)_What mass of sodium metal contains the same number of atoms as 12.00g of
Carbon

1 mole of Sodium atoms = 1 mole of Carbon atoms

 1 mole of carbon atom contain 12 g

Therefore 23 g of sodium metal contains the same number of atoms as 12.0 g of carbon and
both contain NA (6.022 x 1023)

Q2)-What mass of oxygen contains the same number of molecules as 42g of

nitrogen?

1 mole of Nitrogen molecule (N2) contain 28g

? contain 42g

42
The number of moles of Nitrogen = = 1.5 moles
28

1 mole of Oxygen O2 contain 32g

1.5 mole of Oxygen O2 contain ?g

1.5 moles of Oxygen = 1.5 x 32

= 48g
 Chemistry Grade VIII Chapter#1 Prepared by: Khaled

Therefore 48 g of oxygen contains the same number of atoms as 42g of nitrogen

Q3)- Calculate the mass of one Hydrogen atom in grams.

1 mole of Hydrogen atom contain 1.008g

6.022 x 1023 of Hydrogen atoms contain 1.008g

1.008
So the mass of 1 Hydrogen atom =
6.022 x 1023

= 1.674×10-24g

Q4)- Observe the given figure. It shows particles in a sample of air.

1. Count the substances shown in the sample

There are five substances. These are N2, H2O, O2, CO2 and Ar.

2. Is air a mixture or pure substance? Explain?

Air is a mixture. because it contains of different gases that retain their individual chemical
characteristics such as Nitrogen, oxygen, H2O, CO2 and Ar

3. Identify the formula of each substance in air.

Nitrogen: N2

Oxygen: O2

Water or vapor: H2O

Carbon Dioxide: CO2

Argon: Ar

4. Decide whether each substance in air is an clement or a compound.

Elements: Nitrogen, Oxygen and Argon

Compounds: Water(vapour) and Carbon Dioxide.

5. What is the most common substance in air?

 Chemistry Grade VIII Chapter#1 Prepared by: Khaled

Nitrogen is the most common substance in air.

6. Calculate the number of H-atoms present in I 8g H2O

1 mole of H2O contain 18g

The number of H2O molecule in 18g = 6.022 x 1023

Mass∈grams x N A
the number of Molecules =
Molar mass

18 x 6.022 x 1023
= =6.022 x 1023 molecules
18

Each molecule of water has 2 atoms of Hydrogen ,

so the total number of H-atoms in 18g of water =2 x 6.022 x 1023

= 12.04 x 1023

= 1.204 x 1024 atoms

7. Calculate the total number of atoms present in I8g H2O

1 mole of H2O contain 6.022×1023 atoms

Each molecule of water has 2 Hydrogen atoms + 1 Oxygen atom

The total number of atoms are: 2+1 = 3 atoms

Total number of atoms in 18 g H2O = 3×6.022×1023 atoms

= 1.806×1024 atoms