Submitted by :

1) Rohit kumar maskara

9th Aug. 2009
2) V. Rajsekhar bhatta
3) Somnath ghosh
4) Kaibalya prasad nayak
5) Tapan kumar nayak

SRM, KIIT UNIVERSITY 2009-11

 ABSTRACT
Chilika’s aquatic resource continues. Violent conflicts erupting between fisherman and no
fisherman, prawn culturists, locals and outsiders. There in all 27,200 active fishermen out of
which 3,000 are using prawn culture in fresh water as a means of livelihood.

As these fishermen are more successful, the conflicts have arisen between the marine
communities addressing this issue we look into the crucial aspects of

 Higher profit margin

 Ecological welfare
 Tourism development

So that poor fisherman is benefited and Chilika is saved too. We had mostly relied upon the
library resource methodology analyzing the

 Historical research
 e-journals
 e-books

Recording notes, following references abstract guides has been our techniques
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I would like to thank our supervisor Prof V. Venkatkirshnan for his guidance, our
librarian who has helped us with selection of reading materials, our noble friends for their
suggestions and our seniors for giving their laptops.
 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
Chilika is a hub to ecological resources. The marine and freshwater eco systems are conducive
to prawn fishing widely. There are 137 villages in Chilika and 1, 22,339 fisher folk live here.

Being a delegate eco system the prawn fishing poses a threat to nature. This has given rise to
ecological imbalance. That might destroy this beautiful lagoon.

The therefore, try to look into the benefits of prawn culture t o act as a close substitute of
prawn fishing. This will not only benefit the fisher folk to save money and reduce life risks but
also save the environment.
 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
Chilika is a rare delicate combination of freshwater and marine ecosystem.

Disturbances in it are leading to extinction of flora and fauna. The livelihood of fisherman is on
stake as they depend on fishing. The non-fisherman has emerged as mafia.
 OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
a. Prawn culture as a source of employment
b. Prawn culture as a substitute for cheap food production system
c. Ecological balance and protection of the lagoon
 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
The study helps us to understand the fragile ecosystem of the estuary and provides an insight
into the livelihood measures of the fishermen in Chilika. Prawn culture is an upcoming
substitute to fishing and searches the causes of environment, food stock and income source.

The study puts forward the various advantages of the prawn culture and its possible benefits to
the fisher folks in comparison to the tradition methods
 REVIEW OF LITERATURE

We have thoroughly reviewed related articles on this topic. The following will portray the idea
clearly. Prawn culture though an old concept, has been put into effect in Chilika off let.

The article by Mrs. Sharmistha Pattnaik, Fellow at CISED, South Asia states that fishing has
infiltrated into the ecosystem. It has resulted into the conflicts between the fishermen, non
fishermen and nature. She has postulated several issues related to govt. policies resources
available, lake ecology and the fisherman. Prawn culture being cultured within the villages and
near the banks reduces the damages to the nature and lagoon. It provides cost effective method
to the fishermen as the fishing expenditures as the boat, labourers nets are minimized. The
climatic factor also don’t hamper much.

Dr. Shyama Rout, Senior Fellow, JNU writes institutions governing the livelihood issues have
emerged crucial agents of sustainability. Spread across 64 kms of length and 20 kms of width
and average water spread of 1065 km square, its food for 0.2 million fishermen. Shrimp mafias
have merged with localities and lagoons at stake. Historical record stake 92 primary tiger prawn
fishery cooperatives have been setup. 6 different type of culture methods have been adopted.

Use of traditional split bamboos and mesh net encircling the culture area is used. This reduces
pollution and improves output.
(Source: Ghosh 1999b, Final Technical report)

The average net per capita income was Rs. 350 per month but now it is Rs. 500 per month.

The fish (prawn) is exported to Middle East and USA. Annual income has improved to $1200 per
family. International organization involved are DHI, JFGE, Ministry of Agriculture, Wet line
International.

Tata is going to implement “Integrate shrimp firm project” by 2010. Hence the experts speak
“Lagoon is a hub of entrepreneurs”
 METHODOLOGY
We will adopt research design by collecting secondary data from various sources like journal, periodical,
and websites related to prawn culture and aquaculture.

We then arrange data sequentially as per priority i.e. objective of the study. As the data collected is
secondary the study is limited to library, classroom discussion and consulting faculty members.

Quantitative and qualitative data required. We collect the per capita income of villagers of production of
the quantity of prawn, expenses, sales and profit margins. In qualitative study parameters like changes
in weather, market behavior and the effect of this parameters on the livelihood of the people. The
various aspect like government policies, subsidies have been taken into account. Other important
factors like trading facilities and infrastructure in the villages for promoting business are also considered.
The study has been carried out from 27 th July 2009 to 5th Aug. 2009.

We have collected random data from books, e-books, articles and journals. They have been published or
written by people having expertise in their relative fields and therefore the large set of data collected is
worth reliable.

The secondary data collection techniques involves careful selection and elimination keeping in mind the
objectives of the study have been used.

Basically we have centered across the qualitative data and analyzed by considering the facts and figures
from the used sources. We have considered the means like sales percentage and effective rise in
profitability.
 COST BUDGET
The approximate proposed time for the given study is around 10 days.

The study began on 27th July and ended on 8th Aug. 2009.

The cost budget is minimal as we have relied mostly on secondary data available.

Proposed cost budget:

Transportation & lodging = Rs.1,000

Collection of sample = Rs. 500

Miscellaneous = Rs. 1,000

Total = Rs. 2,500

 BIBLIOGRAPHY
1) Chilika : A contested space, an article by Sarmistha pattanaik

2) Conflict between commercialization of shrimp farming versus

traditional small scale fishery by Erwin Rathnaweera.

3) Co-Management of Common Property Resources: A Case Study of Supra-National,

National and Sub-National Institutions in Fisheries Management around Chilika Lake
in Orissa, India by Shyama Prasad Rout, Senior Research Fellow, Jawaharlal Nehru
University, New Delhi.

4) www.fishingchimes.com

5) www.google.com

6) www.sciencedaily.com